EP3909734A1 - Verfahren und anlage zur herstellung von platten aus keramischem material - Google Patents

Verfahren und anlage zur herstellung von platten aus keramischem material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3909734A1
EP3909734A1 EP21173381.1A EP21173381A EP3909734A1 EP 3909734 A1 EP3909734 A1 EP 3909734A1 EP 21173381 A EP21173381 A EP 21173381A EP 3909734 A1 EP3909734 A1 EP 3909734A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
containment
continuous slab
supporting surface
fact
equipment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21173381.1A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fabio TAROZZI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siti B&T Group SpA
Original Assignee
Siti B&T Group SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siti B&T Group SpA filed Critical Siti B&T Group SpA
Publication of EP3909734A1 publication Critical patent/EP3909734A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B5/00—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping
    • B28B5/02—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type
    • B28B5/021—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type the shaped articles being of definite length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/04—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form with one ram per mould

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process and equipment for the manufacture of slabs of ceramic material.
  • the manufacture of slabs of ceramic material is generally carried out by preparing a predetermined quantity of material to be compacted, placing this predetermined quantity of material on a supporting surface and compacting it using suitable pressing means.
  • the traditional method of pressing relating to the manufacture of small-medium sized products, provides for the ceramic material to be compacted to be placed inside a cavity wherein a relevant pressing pad is inserted. After the pressing action is over, the material thus compacted is extracted from the honeycomb and made to move towards the following drying or firing stations.
  • This method of pressing is characterized by low manufacturing outputs due to the high discontinuity of the manufacturing process.
  • the supporting surface may be of the type of a belt, on which the ceramic material in powder form to be compacted is therefore deposited.
  • the pressing of the material is achieved by the superimposition of a further belt on the supporting surface carrying the material to be compacted and by the crushing action of such belts on the material positioned between them.
  • the material compacted in this way is then moved forward from the same supporting surface towards the subsequent drying or firing stations.
  • the production output is limited because of the need to have a close correlation between the forward movement of the supporting surface and the pressing phase.
  • the supporting surface must be moved forward by the pitch corresponding to the size of the length of the material deposited thereon, so as to bring it exactly at the point where the pressing means are located.
  • the main aim of the present invention is to devise a process and equipment for the manufacture of slabs of ceramic material which enables the drawbacks of the prior art to be overcome and, in particular, to obtain a higher production output, while maintaining high quality characteristics of the pressed slab.
  • one object of the present invention is to minimize the downtime related to the phases of forward movement and pressing of the ceramic material and, at the same time, to obtain high quality standards in terms of thickness, flatness and minimization of waste on the edges of the slab.
  • Another object of the present invention is to devise a process and equipment for the manufacture of slabs of ceramic material which will enable us to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art within the scope of a simple, rational, easy, effective to use and low cost solution.
  • reference numeral 1 globally indicates a piece of equipment for the manufacture of slabs of ceramic material.
  • the equipment 1 comprises a load-bearing structure 2, at least one supporting surface 3 associated with the load-bearing structure 2 and movable along one forward direction 4, feeding means 5 of a powdered ceramic material on the supporting surface 3, and pressing means 6 of the ceramic material.
  • the load-bearing structure 2 comprises a plurality of sheet metal elements 2a, called ribs, adapted to bear the pressing load, which are bundled together to provide high stiffness of the load-bearing structure itself.
  • the pressing means 6 are associated with the load-bearing structure 2.
  • the pressing means 6 comprise a pressing element 7, intended to contact the ceramic material to be compacted, which is arranged above the supporting surface 3 and movable close to/away from the supporting surface itself.
  • the pressing means 6 comprise a fluid-operated cylinder 8 provided with a piston 8a, movable with respect to the body 8b of the fluid-operated cylinder itself close to/away from the supporting surface 3, and with which a pressing pad 9 is associated , made e.g. of a resinous material, intended to contact the ceramic material to be compacted.
  • the piston 8a and the pressing pad 9 define the pressing element 7.
  • the pad 9 is magnetically associated with the piston 8a, e.g. by means of a magnetic plate 10 positioned between them.
  • the pressing means 6 also comprise an abutment element 11, which is arranged below the supporting surface 3 and adapted to act as a stop to the force exerted by the pressing element 7.
  • the abutment element 11 is locked together, e.g. magnetically, with the load-bearing structure 2.
  • the feeding means 5 and the pressing means 6 are arranged along the supporting surface 3, wherein the feeding means 5 are adapted to release a continuous slab L to be compacted on the supporting surface 3 and the pressing means 6 are adapted to press a portion P of the continuous slab L placed resting on the supporting surface 3 so as to define a compacted slab C of predefined dimensions which is separate from the continuous slab itself.
  • the pressing means 6 are arranged downstream of the feeding means 5 with respect to the forward direction 4.
  • the feeding means 5 comprise one or more hoppers 5a arranged above the supporting surface 3.
  • the feeding means 5 comprise a plurality of hoppers 5a arranged in succession with each other along the forward direction 4.
  • the stretch of the supporting surface 3 extending between the feeding means 5 and the pressing means 6 is seamless, meaning that it is without interruption.
  • the supporting surface 3 is of the type of a continuous belt wrapped around a plurality of motor-driven pulleys.
  • the supporting surface 3 and the pressing means 6 are operable intermittently and alternately to each other.
  • the activation of one of the two corresponds to the interruption of the other, i.e., when the supporting surface 3 is moved along the forward direction 4, the pressing means 6 are stationary and when the pressing means 6 are moving the supporting surface 3 is stationary.
  • the equipment 1 comprises containment means 12 of at least one part of the portion P of the continuous slab L.
  • the containment means 12 comprise at least one pair of lateral containment elements 13 which extend parallel to the forward direction 4 and which are movable between a home position and an operating position, wherein they are arranged in contact with the supporting surface 3 and at the point where the pressing means 6 are located, so as to contain laterally the portion P of the continuous slab L.
  • the lateral containment elements 13 are arranged facing each other at least in the operating position.
  • the lateral containment elements 13 are mutually movable close to and away. In particular, the lateral containment elements 13 are moved away from each other in the home position and are approached to each other in the operating position. In this embodiment, the lateral containment elements 13 are facing each other both in the home position and in the operating position.
  • the containment means 12 comprise lateral movement means 14, e.g. of the type of fluid-operated or electric actuators, adapted to move the lateral containment elements 13 between the home position and the operating position.
  • lateral movement means 14 e.g. of the type of fluid-operated or electric actuators, adapted to move the lateral containment elements 13 between the home position and the operating position.
  • Alternative embodiments cannot however be ruled out wherein the lateral containment elements 13 are moved in a different way, e.g. vertically or by means of a tilting or retractable mechanism.
  • the containment means 12 comprise at least one pair of front containment elements 15, which extend transverse to the forward direction 4 and which are movable between a home position, wherein they are moved away from the supporting surface 3 so as to allow the passage of the continuous slab L, and an operating position, wherein they are arranged at the supporting surface 3 so as to intercept the continuous slab L and contain frontally the portion P of the continuous slab itself.
  • the front containment elements 15 are vertically movable between the home position and the operating position. More specifically, the front containment elements 15 are raised with respect to the supporting surface 3 in the home position and are lowered, so as to rest on the supporting surface itself, in the operating position.
  • the containment means 12 also comprise front movement means 16, e.g. of the type of fluid-operated or electric actuators, adapted to move the front containment elements 15 between the home position and the operating position.
  • the containment means 12 comprise both the lateral containment elements 13 and the front containment elements 15.
  • the lateral containment elements 13 and the front containment elements 15 delimit, when arranged in their respective operating positions, a containment volume 17 of the portion P.
  • the containment volume 17 is peripherally closed, is delimited below by the supporting surface 3 and is open above.
  • the containment elements 13, 15 are released from the pressing means 6. In particular, the containment elements 13, 15 move independently of the pad 9.
  • the containment elements 13, 15 move independently of each other between the relevant home and operating positions.
  • the containment elements 13, 15 are mutually released from each other.
  • the lateral containment elements 13 move synchronously with respect to each other between the home position and the operating position and independently with respect to the front containment elements 15.
  • the supporting surface 3 is stationary.
  • the containment elements 13, 15 are arranged, at least in their respective operating positions, at the pressing means 6.
  • the pressing element 7 is adapted to fit, as a result of its approach to the supporting surface 3, inside the containment volume 17.
  • the pad 9 is defined so as to fit to size the containment volume 17.
  • the process according to the invention first involves a phase of feeding the ceramic material onto a supporting surface 3 so as to form a continuous slab L to be compacted.
  • the ceramic material is of the type of powdered ceramic material.
  • the continuous slab L is moved along the forward direction 4.
  • the feeding phase is carried out by means of the feeding means 5, which release the powdered ceramic material on the supporting surface 3 during the movement of the latter along the forward direction 4.
  • a pressing phase is carried out on a portion P of the continuous slab L so as to obtain a compacted slab C of predefined dimensions, which is then separate from the remaining part of the continuous slab L still to be compacted.
  • the phases of movement and pressing are carried out intermittently and alternately with each other, so that when the portion P is pressed, the continuous slab L is stationary and when the continuous slab L moves, no pressing of the same is carried out.
  • a phase of containment of at least one part of the portion P is carried out prior to pressing.
  • the phase of containment comprises at least one lateral containment sub-phase, parallel to the forward direction 4, of the portion P to be compacted.
  • the phase of lateral containment is carried out by means of the lateral containment elements 13, which are arranged in the home position during the movement of the continuous slab L and are then brought into the operating position after the continuous slab L stops, so as to laterally delimit the portion P to be pressed.
  • the lateral containment elements 13 are therefore pushed away from each other until the continuous slab L moves along the forward direction 4; the instant when the continuous slab L stops and its portion P to be compacted is arranged at the pressing means 6, the lateral containment elements 13 are brought close to each other, thus moving to the operating position.
  • the phase of containment also comprises a sub-phase of front containment of the portion P, transversely to the forward direction 4, so as to separate the portion P from the remaining part of the continuous slab L.
  • the phase of front containment is carried out by means of the front containment elements 15, which are arranged in the home position during the movement of the continuous slab L and then move to the operating position after the continuous slab L stops, so as to frontally delimit the portion P to be pressed.
  • the front containment elements 15 are thus raised with respect to the supporting surface 3 until the continuous slab L moves along the forward direction 4; the instant when the continuous slab L stops and its portion P to be compacted is arranged at the pressing means 6, the front containment elements 15 are lowered, so as to contact the supporting surface 3, thereby intercepting the continuous slab L and separating the portion P from the remaining part of the continuous slab itself.
  • the phase of pressing is carried out by means of the pressing means 6 described above.
  • the pressing element 7 approaches the supporting surface 3 by crushing, using a force of predefined intensity, the portion P to be compacted.
  • the pressing element 7 in its movement towards the supporting surface 3 remains inside the volume delimited by the containment elements 13, 15, remaining substantially flush with them.
  • the supporting surface 3 is made to move again in order to simultaneously move forward the compacted slab C and the continuous slab L.
  • the containment elements 13, 15 are moved from the relevant home positions to the relevant operating positions, so as to "free” the compacted slab C and allow the movement thereof.
  • the compacted slab C which is therefore distinct and separate from the remaining part of the continuous slab L, is moved downstream of the pressing means 6, while a new portion P of the continuous slab L is arranged at the pressing means themselves so as to proceed with a further pressing phase.
  • the feeding of the material in such a way as to obtain a continuous slab that reaches, without any interruption, the pressing means allows reducing to a minimum the time required for the preparation of the material to be pressed, the quantity of which is determined by the operating area of the pressing means themselves.
  • the presence of the containment means makes it possible to simplify the management of the material to be pressed, by carrying out a partial or total compartmentalization of a portion of the continuous slab that is intermittently fed at the point where the pressing means are located.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
EP21173381.1A 2020-05-12 2021-05-11 Verfahren und anlage zur herstellung von platten aus keramischem material Pending EP3909734A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT202000010708 2020-05-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3909734A1 true EP3909734A1 (de) 2021-11-17

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21173381.1A Pending EP3909734A1 (de) 2020-05-12 2021-05-11 Verfahren und anlage zur herstellung von platten aus keramischem material

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP3909734A1 (de)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5862612A (en) * 1995-09-22 1999-01-26 Maschinenfabrik J. Dieffenbacher Gmbh & Co. Method and system for dewatering carboniferous materials using a vaportight pressure chamber
EP0793565B1 (de) * 1994-11-22 2003-03-19 Carlo Antonio Camorani Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verdichten von pulverförmingen stoffen
EP1366874A2 (de) * 2002-05-31 2003-12-03 Cerservice S.r.l. Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer vorgepressten Masse keramischen Pulvers
EP1433580A2 (de) * 2002-12-26 2004-06-30 Jian Xu Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von keramischen Produkten
US20140141961A1 (en) * 2011-04-22 2014-05-22 Mass S.P.A. Apparatuses, system and methods for forming pressed articles and pressed articles formed thereby
WO2017158571A1 (en) * 2016-03-18 2017-09-21 Siti - B&T Group S.P.A. Movable side wall group for a ceramic products press
WO2020058933A1 (en) * 2018-09-21 2020-03-26 Sacmi Cooperativa Meccanici Imola Societa' Cooperativa Machine and method for compacting powder material

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0793565B1 (de) * 1994-11-22 2003-03-19 Carlo Antonio Camorani Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verdichten von pulverförmingen stoffen
US5862612A (en) * 1995-09-22 1999-01-26 Maschinenfabrik J. Dieffenbacher Gmbh & Co. Method and system for dewatering carboniferous materials using a vaportight pressure chamber
EP1366874A2 (de) * 2002-05-31 2003-12-03 Cerservice S.r.l. Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer vorgepressten Masse keramischen Pulvers
EP1433580A2 (de) * 2002-12-26 2004-06-30 Jian Xu Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von keramischen Produkten
US20140141961A1 (en) * 2011-04-22 2014-05-22 Mass S.P.A. Apparatuses, system and methods for forming pressed articles and pressed articles formed thereby
WO2017158571A1 (en) * 2016-03-18 2017-09-21 Siti - B&T Group S.P.A. Movable side wall group for a ceramic products press
WO2020058933A1 (en) * 2018-09-21 2020-03-26 Sacmi Cooperativa Meccanici Imola Societa' Cooperativa Machine and method for compacting powder material

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