EP3900105A1 - Combineur hybride e/h ultracompact notamment pour antenne mfb mono-reflecteur - Google Patents
Combineur hybride e/h ultracompact notamment pour antenne mfb mono-reflecteurInfo
- Publication number
- EP3900105A1 EP3900105A1 EP19812787.0A EP19812787A EP3900105A1 EP 3900105 A1 EP3900105 A1 EP 3900105A1 EP 19812787 A EP19812787 A EP 19812787A EP 3900105 A1 EP3900105 A1 EP 3900105A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- combiner
- waveguide
- guide
- divider
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 208000029152 Small face Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
- H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
- H01P5/19—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port of the junction type
- H01P5/20—Magic-T junctions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0037—Particular feeding systems linear waveguide fed arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
- H01Q5/55—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation for horn or waveguide antennas
Definitions
- the invention relates to the general field of communication satellites and in particular to multibeam antennas fitted to these satellites.
- the invention relates more precisely to the formation of antenna beams in the context of the use of MFB antennas (or "Multi Feed per Beam” antennas according to the Anglo-Saxon name).
- Such an architecture is constructed by means of an assembly of distribution modules, each comprising an RF chain (transmitter and receiver) and means ensuring the connection of the RF chain to several horns, these horns being arranged so as to can be combined to form a single bundle.
- distribution modules each comprising an RF chain (transmitter and receiver) and means ensuring the connection of the RF chain to several horns, these horns being arranged so as to can be combined to form a single bundle.
- These distribution modules form a network consisting of overlapping meshes to which the horns are connected so that their openings are arranged in a radiating plane.
- the structure and geometry of the distribution modules are defined in such a way that the horns connected to the same distribution module are arranged so that the recombination of the beams of the horns connected to the same module forms a single beam, associated with a spot in the geographic area covered.
- FIG. 1 presents, by way of example, a partial view of a mono-reflective MFB antenna architecture intended to cover a geographic area divided into rectangular elementary spots (rectangular mesh of the covered area).
- the MFB antenna considered here is built around a network of distribution modules 11 configured in such a way that the horns 12 associated with the same distribution module are arranged according to the vertices of a rhombus, so as to be able to be combined to form a beam covering a given spot.
- Such an antenna structure advantageously makes it possible to constitute very focused antenna beams from radiating horns 12 having small diameter openings.
- each radiating horn of the antenna thus formed is connected, in transmission and reception, to two distribution modules corresponding to two beams separate, except for the horns covering the periphery of the geographical area, which are connected to a single module.
- the reception module R associated with the horn 21 1 is connected to the reception channels 22 and 23 corresponding to the beams n and m by the distribution modules 24 and 25.
- each distribution module is used to distribute the signal corresponding to the same beam over four RF channels, each channel comprising a radiating horn.
- a distribution module allowing the coupling in emission of a given beam, towards the RF chains served by this beam is constituted by a power divider module formed by couplers arranged in two connected stages to each other by link interfaces, of the waveguide type for example.
- a distribution module allowing the coupling in reception of a given beam, to the RF chains served by this beam is constituted by a power summing module formed by couplers arranged in two stages connected one to the other by link interfaces, of the waveguide type for example.
- a distribution module is structured, as illustrated in the diagram in FIG. 3, in two stages.
- the first coupling stage comprises a coupler 31, while the second coupling stage comprises two couplers 32 and 33.
- the two couplers 32 and 33 of the second stage each carry out the power summation, two by two, of the signals RXi to RX4 delivered by the reception channels of the four transmit / receive modules served by a given beam.
- the coupler 31 receives the signal to be transmitted corresponding to the beam in question and divides it into two signals transmitted to the couplers 32 and 33 respectively.
- the two couplers 32 and 33 of the second stage in turn realize the division of the received signal into two signals.
- Each coupler thus delivers to each of the transmission / reception modules to which it is connected a transmission signal corresponding to the signal carried by the transmission channel of the beam in question.
- the couplers 31, 32 and 33 forming a distribution module are produced in the form of cavities and connected to each other by means of waveguides 34.
- a solution used to optimize the space presented by the beam distribution system consists in producing distribution modules formed from moldings in half-shells assembled to form a set of cavities arranged to produce the 'all the functions (coupling and connections) fulfilled by the module.
- the molded elements produced constrain to adopt a tiling of the half-shells with respect to one another so that each distribution module thus produced is not physically independent of the neighboring modules.
- Such mechanical interdependence has the consequence of making it difficult to assemble or disassemble a module, as well as the overall assembly.
- the production of the distribution module in the form of molded parts constituting a very nested assembly makes it impractical to integrate additional functionalities, such as measurement functions of deviation measurement, which requires an appropriate combination of the signals received.
- An object of the invention is to provide equipment making it easier and more economical in terms of size to produce distribution modules such as those described above.
- Another object of the invention is to provide equipment allowing the implementation of complementary functionalities such as the formation of deviation measurement tracks.
- the invention relates to a reciprocal compact W / O hybrid combiner-divider, for coupling or separating electromagnetic waves, comprising at least one primary waveguide and two waveguides secondary, the main waveguide and the secondary waveguides each having a rectangular structure of rectangular section with two ends; characterized in that the main waveguide and the secondary waveguides form a one-piece structure in which:
- the main waveguide has a first end configured to form an input / output port and a second end defining an opening;
- each secondary waveguide having two ends configured to form two input / output ports, as well as a lateral opening formed on one of the small faces of the waveguide;
- the secondary waveguides are arranged one opposite the other and vis-à-vis the main waveguide so as to form, with one of their lateral faces, a joint side wall;
- the secondary waveguides are arranged opposite the main waveguide so that the lateral openings are placed opposite the opening formed by one of the ends of the main waveguide and that the dividing wall is aligned on the median axis of the opening of the main waveguide.
- the hybrid W / O combiner-divider comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken individually or in combination:
- each of the secondary waveguides comprises an internal conductive element placed in the cavity of the waveguide and in electrical contact with the wall of the guide, said internal conductive element being arranged inside the waveguide so as to optimize the adaptation of the impedance of the guide and the combination or division of the waves passing through the guide;
- the internal conductive element is a pin fixed in a substantially middle position on the internal face of the upper wall of the guide;
- the internal conductive element consists of a wall projecting inside the guide, placed transversely in a substantially median position on the internal face of the upper wall of the guide, the height of said projection being substantially less than the height of the guide ;
- the hybrid W / O combiner-divider further comprises two tertiary waveguides placed transversely to each of the secondary waveguides and integral with the latter, each tertiary waveguide having a rectangular structure of rectangular section with two ends, a first end configured to form an input-output port and a second end forming an opening placed opposite an opening formed in the side wall of each secondary waveguide opposite to the party wall, in a substantially middle position, said opening being configured to communicate each secondary waveguide with a tertiary waveguide placed transversely relative to it, so as to ensure a plane H coupling, the combiner-divider thus presenting a hybrid Tee structure EH.
- the invention also relates to a beam distribution network for multibeam antenna by beam (MFB) characterized in that it comprises a first group and a second group of hybrid combiner-dividers as defined above. , each combiner-divider of the first group acting as a combiner being connected by its secondary ports to the reception channels of four radiating sources and to a beam reception channel by its primary port; each combiner-divider of the second group, acting as a combiner, being connected by its secondary ports to the transmission channels of four radiating sources and to a beam transmission channel by its primary port.
- MFB multibeam antenna by beam
- the beam distribution network for multi-source beam antenna comprises the following characteristics:
- the combiner-dividers of the first group are combiner-dividers as defined above, the auxiliary output ports of which are connected to a deviation measurement device.
- Another subject of the invention is a beam forming network antenna (MFB) characterized in that it comprises a plurality of radiating sources associated in groups of four radiating sources, the reception channels and the emission channels of the sources. radiators belonging to the same group being respectively connected to the secondary ports of a combiner-divider whose primary port is connected to the reception channel of a beam and to the secondary ports of a combiner-divider whose primary port is connected to the emission channel of the same beam.
- MFB beam forming network antenna
- the proposed present invention greatly solves, advantageously, the problem of nesting the BFNs of the mono-reflective solution.
- the hybrid component EH according to the invention allows the combination of 4 radiating elements in a reduced space limited in the xy plane to the access guide. [41] It advantageously incorporates, in the same structure, a plane divider E making it possible to form a sum channel and two plane dividers H making it possible to form difference channels.
- FIG. 45 the illustration of an example of combining four radiating sources in a diamond arrangement to form a beam
- FIG. 2 a block diagram of the radiating elements forming the radiating source of a reflective MFB antenna by means of distribution module modules;
- FIG. 3 a schematic illustration of a distribution module according to the prior art
- FIG. 4 an illustration showing an overall perspective view of the distribution module according to the invention, in a basic form
- FIG. 5 an illustration showing a partial view from below of the distribution module according to the invention illustrated in FIG. 4, along a plane passing through the open end of the primary waveguide;
- FIG. 6 an illustration showing a partial top view of the distribution module according to the invention illustrated in FIG. 4;
- FIG. 7 an illustration showing an overall perspective view of the distribution module according to the invention, in a second embodiment taken as an example;
- FIG. 8 an illustration showing a partial perspective and transparent view of the distribution module according to the invention in the embodiment of FIG. 7;
- FIG. 9 an illustration showing a top view, in transparency, of the distribution module according to the invention, in the embodiment of the figure
- FIG. 10 an illustration showing a partial perspective and transparent view of the distribution module according to the invention in a third embodiment allowing the constitution of deviation signals;
- FIG. 1 1 an illustration showing a top view, in transparency, of the distribution module according to the invention illustrated in FIG. 10;
- FIG. 12 an illustration showing a side view, in partial section of the dispensing module according to the invention in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 108.
- a hybrid combiner-divider comprises a primary waveguide 41 and two secondary waveguides 42 and 43.
- the primary waveguide 41 has two ends: a first end configured to constitute an input-output port 48, primary input-output port, allowing the connection of the device to a signal distribution network, a beam distribution network for a multi-source antenna such as that described above and illustrated in FIG. 2 for example, and a second end forming an opening 61, situated at the other end of the guide 41.
- the two secondary waveguides 42 and 43 each have two opposite ends, configured to constitute two input-output ports, ports 44 and 45 for the waveguide 42 and ports 46 and 47 for the waveguide 43 respectively.
- Each of the guides 42 and 43 also has an opening 62 or 63, arranged on one of its small lateral faces, as illustrated more particularly in the schematic view from below of FIG. 5. These openings make it possible to put the cavity of the primary guide 41 with the cavity of the secondary guide 42 or 43 considered.
- small lateral face refers to the fact that the secondary guides 42 and 43 are rectangular guides with rectangular section and that as such each guide has four lateral faces:
- the device according to the invention is presented as a one-piece element having three guides integral with one another 41, 42 and 43.
- the two secondary guides 42 and 43 are arranged one against the other and integral with one another by one of their large faces so that the two faces in contact form a dividing partition 51 separating one from the other the internal cavities of the two guides.
- the two secondary guides are arranged opposite one another so that the openings 62 and 63 are placed side by side in the same plane so that they form two openings contiguous having a common edge constituted by the edge of the partition 51.
- the primary guide 41 is arranged opposite the block formed by the two secondary guides 42 and 43 so that the opening 61 formed by its open end is positioned opposite the double opening constituted by the two contiguous openings 62 and 63 of the secondary guides 42 and 43. In this way the two cavities of the guides 42 and 43 open out into the cavity of the guide 41.
- the wall of the primary guide 41 is integral, at the level of the openings 62 and 63 of the two secondary guides 42 and 43.
- the device according to the invention is presented as a monobloc structure with a primary input-output port 48 and four secondary input-output ports 44-45 and 46-47.
- the respective dimensions of the primary waveguide 41 and the secondary waveguides 42 and 43, the widths and heights defining the sections of the guides mainly, as well as the dimensions of the openings 61 , 62 and 63 are defined, so that the primary waveguide 41 forms with each secondary waveguide a plane coupler E, the sum of the waves passing through each secondary guide being equal to the wave passing through the primary waveguide 41.
- the dividing partition 51 which separates the two cavities 61 and 62 plays here, advantageously, the role of a divider-combiner.
- the device according to the invention when integrated into a transmission chain, advantageously acts as a hybrid device ensuring, in two integrated stages, the distribution of an incident wave entering through the primary port 48 on the four secondary ports. It thus behaves advantageously as an integrated divider (power distributor), with one input and four outputs.
- the device according to the invention when it is integrated into a reception chain, also acts in an advantageous manner, like a hybrid device ensuring, in two integrated stages, the recombination of four incident waves entering through each of the ports. secondary input-output 44-45 and 46-47, in a single wave delivered by the primary input-output port 48.
- Figures 8 and 9 illustrate a second embodiment which is a structural variant of the basic version of the device according to the invention described above.
- a plane coupler E constituted by a first waveguide having an end forming an opening opening on the side wall of a second waveguide and forming a plane divider E
- the division in two waves of the wave transmitted by the first waveguide to the second waveguide is performed optimally insofar as the impedance matching of the second waveguide is good.
- a conductive element of height h is placed inside the second guide in the middle position relative to the length L of the guide, this conductive element being connected by one of its ends to the wall of the guide.
- FIGS. 8 and 9 takes up this consideration and integrates in each of the secondary guides 42 and 43 a conductive partition, oriented transversely, the height h of which is determined so as to achieve this impedance adaptation and to favor thus the division of the wave transmitted by the primary guide or conversely the phase recombination of the waves received by the secondary input-output ports.
- the conductive partitions 52 or 53 placed respectively in the secondary waveguides 42 and 43 have a height h substantially less than the height of the guides. They do not have the function of closing off the section of the guide in which each of them is placed. They can, moreover, be replaced by conductive elements having various shapes protruding inside the guide considered and configured to ensure good impedance matching.
- Figures 10 to 12 illustrate a second embodiment of the device according to the invention which shows the structural and dimensional characteristics of the basic shape illustrated in Figures 4 to 8.
- the device according to the invention integrates, in an additional way, a structure making it possible to form, on reception of "difference" channels, which can be used in the context of measurements of deviation measurement.
- This additional structure consists, as illustrated in particular in FIG. 10, of two complementary tertiary waveguides 81 and 82, rectangular, the dimensions of which are adapted to the frequency band of the electromagnetic waves intended to pass through those -this.
- Guides 81 and 82 are placed transversely on each side of the device according to the invention at the level of secondary guides 42 and 43. In a preferred embodiment, these tertiary guides are placed in the middle position, as illustrated by the figures 8 to 10.
- Each guide has a first end configured to constitute an outlet port 83 or 84, and a second end, by which it is integral with the secondary guide with which it is associated, which forms an opening 91 or 92.
- this opening 91 (or 92 for the guide 82) is placed opposite a similar opening. formed in the large face of the corresponding secondary waveguide 42 or 43 opposite the dividing face form the partition 51.
- Each tertiary waveguide 91 or 92 is also dimensioned (length, section) to form, with the secondary waveguide 42 or 43 to which it is fixed, a plane coupler H allowing, on reception, to carry out the difference of the waves received by each of the input-output ports, 44-45 or 46-47 respectively, of the secondary waveguide to which it is integral.
- This additional structure advantageously allows, on reception, without altering the essential compactness of the device according to the invention, to form both a so-called sum channel for which the signals transmitted to the device by the input ports- secondary outputs 44-47 are combined in phase, the resulting signal being delivered via the primary output input port 48, and two so-called Difference channels for which the signals transmitted to the device by the secondary input-output ports 44- 45 on the one hand and 46-47 on the other hand are combined two by two in phase-to-phase opposition, the difference signals being respectively supplied via the input-output ports 83 and 84.
- a device is thus obtained constituting a compact structure forming a double magic Tee (or hybrid Tee), structure ensuring, in known manner, a double coupling of plane E and plane H.
- the device according to the invention can thus advantageously fulfill two distinct functions:
- the device according to the invention can be produced by various known methods, not presented here, in particular by methods making it possible to produce waveguides and hybrid couplers. It can in particular be produced by molding or machining in two half-shells and assembly of the half-shells thus produced.
- the primary waveguide can be formed by a simple straight guide or even by a "twist" guide without this changing the operating principle of the device, the configuration of the primary guide being essentially linked to the 'arrangement of the various elements constituting the distribution network in which it is integrated.
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1873121A FR3090219B1 (fr) | 2018-12-18 | 2018-12-18 | Combineur hybride e/h ultracompact notamment pour antenne mfb monoreflecteur |
PCT/EP2019/083484 WO2020126477A1 (fr) | 2018-12-18 | 2019-12-03 | Combineur hybride e/h ultracompact notamment pour antenne mfb mono-reflecteur. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3900105A1 true EP3900105A1 (fr) | 2021-10-27 |
Family
ID=68210831
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19812787.0A Pending EP3900105A1 (fr) | 2018-12-18 | 2019-12-03 | Combineur hybride e/h ultracompact notamment pour antenne mfb mono-reflecteur |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20220069470A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3900105A1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3123987A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3090219B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2020126477A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2848689A (en) * | 1955-02-28 | 1958-08-19 | Gen Precision Lab Inc | Matching device for microwave shunt tee |
FR1272315A (fr) * | 1959-10-28 | 1961-09-22 | Thomson Houston Comp Francaise | Perfectionnements apportés aux guides d'onde |
US3375472A (en) * | 1966-06-06 | 1968-03-26 | Microwave Ass | Broadband structures for waveguide hybrid tee's |
JP2748920B2 (ja) * | 1996-05-27 | 1998-05-13 | 日本電気株式会社 | 導波管結合器 |
KR101514155B1 (ko) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-04-21 | 단국대학교 천안캠퍼스 산학협력단 | 도파관 다이플렉서 |
DE102014112467B4 (de) * | 2014-08-29 | 2017-03-30 | Lisa Dräxlmaier GmbH | Speisenetzwerk für antennensysteme |
JP6279190B1 (ja) * | 2016-03-22 | 2018-02-14 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 導波管回路 |
-
2018
- 2018-12-18 FR FR1873121A patent/FR3090219B1/fr active Active
-
2019
- 2019-12-03 CA CA3123987A patent/CA3123987A1/fr active Pending
- 2019-12-03 EP EP19812787.0A patent/EP3900105A1/fr active Pending
- 2019-12-03 WO PCT/EP2019/083484 patent/WO2020126477A1/fr unknown
- 2019-12-03 US US17/413,502 patent/US20220069470A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2020126477A1 (fr) | 2020-06-25 |
US20220069470A1 (en) | 2022-03-03 |
FR3090219A1 (fr) | 2020-06-19 |
FR3090219B1 (fr) | 2022-12-30 |
CA3123987A1 (fr) | 2020-06-25 |
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