EP3899073B1 - Alliage cu-zn - Google Patents

Alliage cu-zn Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3899073B1
EP3899073B1 EP20711876.1A EP20711876A EP3899073B1 EP 3899073 B1 EP3899073 B1 EP 3899073B1 EP 20711876 A EP20711876 A EP 20711876A EP 3899073 B1 EP3899073 B1 EP 3899073B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alloy
cavitation
max
product
alloys
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Application number
EP20711876.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3899073A1 (fr
Inventor
Björn Reetz
Thomas Plett
Tileman MÜNCH
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Otto Fuchs KG
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Otto Fuchs KG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/10—Alloys based on copper with silicon as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the use of a Cu-Zn alloy.
  • Such alloys are also referred to as special brass alloys.
  • special brass alloys The field of application of special brass alloys is very extensive.
  • Such brass alloys are used, for example, to produce components used in oil environments, such as transmissions, including those that are used in thermally demanding environments, such as valve guides in an internal combustion engine. is known from DE 10 2014 101 346 A1 a brass alloy specially designed to meet the requirements of a component used in an oil environment. Specifically, a synchronizing ring is described as such a component in this prior art.
  • the oil environment in which the synchronizer ring is located can change depending on the oil and especially its additives, which can affect the mechanical properties and thermal load capacity.
  • the reason for this is that, depending on the additives in the oil, they have a different influence on the corrosion resistance of the synchronizing ring as an example of a special brass alloy product.
  • the material requirements for a cavitation erosion-resistant product are highly complex.
  • the brass alloy should have a certain deformability so that the material can be displaced during the cavitation attack. However, this must not break out.
  • the brass alloy must not build up too quickly on obstacles, otherwise material will protrude from the surface and can be removed in the next cavitation attack, resulting in a loss of mass leads.
  • the difference between the brass alloys described above and considered to be cavitation-resistant shows how difficult it is to find cavitation-erosion-resistant brass alloys. It is even more difficult to find such brass alloys whose cavitation erosion resistance is even better than conventional ones.
  • EP 1 777 305 A1 discloses cast copper alloys intended for use as water valves, faucets, marine propellers and the like. Some of these alloys are hot extruded. These alloys are Al-free.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a brass alloy which, compared to the alloy CuZn16Si4-C, which is already regarded as particularly cavitation-resistant, has improved resistance to cavitation erosion and which also meets the temperature requirements placed on such a workpiece, above all without having to use a costly or complicated manufacturing process for this purpose.
  • the alloy should be suitable as a wrought alloy, so that products can also be produced from the alloy that cannot be produced with a cast alloy or cannot be produced with the desired requirements.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention by using a Cu-Zn alloy as a wrought alloy with the following composition (in percent by weight): Cu: 80 - 85, Si: 2.0 - 6.0, Al: 0.55 - 2.0, Fe: max 0.8, Ni: max. 0.5, Sn: max. 0.5, Mn: max 0.1, pb: max. 0.3, remainder Zn and unavoidable impurities for the manufacture of a cavitation-resistant product, the surface of which comes into contact with fluids flowing past when used as intended.
  • the Si content is 2.0 to 6.0% by weight. Increasing the Si content does not lead to further cavitation resistance. In one embodiment, the Si content is between 3.7 and 6.0% by weight. In a further exemplary embodiment, this is between 4.7 and 5.3% by weight. In yet another exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the Si content is between 2.0 and 2.8% by weight.
  • the aluminum content is between 0.55 and 2.0% by weight.
  • the Al content is preferably between 0.65 and 1.5% by weight. In a further embodiment, the Al content is 0.8 and 1.3% by weight. With these Al contents the best results in terms of corrosion resistance were achieved.
  • a particular advantage of this alloy is that the positive cavitation resistance properties of this alloy are set directly in a hot forming step following casting, without a subsequent special thermal treatment being required to set or produce the cavitation resistance.
  • a cavitation-resistant product can therefore be manufactured from this alloy using the usual process steps.
  • This brass alloy product is also compatible with a wide range of lubricants, has excellent mechanical properties and is temperature-resistant.
  • DE 10 2014 101 346 A1 reference is made to the same applicant, through which reference the statements in the document mentioned are also made the subject matter and disclosure content of these statements and count. Investigations have shown that the 0.2 yield strength is 240 and 260 N/mm 2 , the tensile strength is 530 and 600 N/mm 2 , the elongation at break is 16 to 22% and the Brinell hardness is 155 to 165 HBW.
  • the specimens produced as a wrought alloy have a higher density compared to cast materials.
  • CuAl10Fe5Ni5 and CuZn16Si4-C Three Cu-Zn alloys were examined for cavitation investigations, specifically the alloys CuAl10Fe5Ni5 and CuZn16Si4-C and an alloy according to the invention (example) as comparison alloys.
  • the chemical composition of the alloys examined is given below (data in % by weight): CuAl10Fe5Ni5-C CuZn16Si4-C example Cu 80.32 79.4 83.7 si 0.08 4.2 4.9 Al 9.2 0.03 1.0 feet 4.6 0.04 0.2 no 4.7 0.51 0.1 sn 0.05 0.1 0.1 Mn 1.2 0.12 - pb - 0.2 - Zn 0.5 rest rest rest rest rest
  • the alloy of the exemplary embodiment can be referred to as the CuZn10Si5Al1 alloy.
  • the two comparison alloys CuAl10Fe5Ni5-C and CuZn16Si4-C are cast alloys.
  • the alloy of the exemplary embodiment is a wrought alloy. It goes without saying that the alloy according to the invention can also be cast in order to produce castings.
  • Specimens were made from the alloys, from the comparative alloys by casting them into the desired specimen shape, while in the embodiment the specimen was made by hot working, namely extrusion.
  • the test pieces have a diameter of about 15 mm and a thickness of about 5 mm.
  • the samples were ground and polished prior to conducting the tests.
  • the specimens were then tested for cavitation erosion resistance (cavitation resistance) using the parameters defined in ASTM G32-10.
  • the samples were subjected to the ultrasonic inspection for the cavitation erosion resistance tests in distilled water at 20°C as the test medium.
  • the distance between the tip of the sonotrode and the sample is 0.5 mm.
  • the sonotrode tip was operated at a frequency of 20 kHz and an amplitude of 40 ⁇ m.
  • the mass loss determined by the cavitation impact on the samples examined is shown in the diagram figure 1 shown.
  • the two comparison alloys show a largely consistent mass loss over time.
  • the cavitation resistance of the exemplary embodiment according to the invention is again significant improved. While the loss of mass in the comparative samples is around 7 mg after a measurement time of 300 minutes, it is around 2 mg in the sample according to the invention examined, in any case below 2.5 mg. Also measured over a longer sample period of the cavitation test, the mass loss determined with the sample according to the invention remains significantly lower than that of the comparison alloys. While the mass loss in the comparison alloys is about 18-18.5 mg after a sample time of 600 minutes, this is not even 7.5 mg in the examined sample of the exemplary embodiment according to the invention. The loss of mass determined for the tested sample is about 6.5 mg and is therefore about three times lower than that of the comparison alloys currently considered to be particularly cavitation-resistant.
  • Figures 2a, 2b show raster electronic images of the comparison alloy CuAl10Fe5Nl5-C after a 90-minute cavitation exposure according to ASTM G32-10 in different scales.
  • the surface of the sample is characterized by breakouts.
  • the material eruptions caused by cavitation give the surface of the sample a crater-like appearance, as shown in Figs Figures 3a, 3b is recognizable.
  • These scanning electron micrographs show this sample tilted 45°. Scanning electron micrographs of the comparison alloy CuZn16Si4-C are very similar.
  • FIG 4 shows a scanning electron micrograph of the embodiment of the invention.
  • the ones in the photograph figure 4 marked areas A - E show those excerpts in the Figures 5a - 5e are shown in a different representation and scale.
  • a comparison with the recordings of Figures 2a, 2b makes it clear that the surface is almost unaffected by cavitation, although the sampling time of the cavitation test is twice as long was like the sample time in the comparative sample.
  • the scanning electron micrographs tilted by 45° Figure 5a - 5e clarifies this.
  • the surface of the sample remains uniform and does not show the crater-like structures of the images Figures 3a, 3b of the comparison sample.
  • the Figures 5a - 5e make it clear that only very slight cavitation phenomena can be seen over the entire surface of the sample according to the invention, at least none that correspond to those attributed to comparison alloys CuAl10Fe5Ni5-C or CuZn16Si4-C, which were previously considered to be particularly cavitation-resistant.
  • the improved cavitation resistance of the alloy according to the invention allows the use of products which, when used in cavitation-prone environments, have a significantly longer service life. The damage that otherwise occurs due to cavitation and has hitherto had to be accepted is thus drastically reduced when the claimed alloy is used to produce a cavitation-resistant product or component.
  • the electrical conductivity of this alloy is around 5 MS/m.
  • This alloy thus combines the properties of a high-strength special brass alloy and high formability with the advantages of excellent cavitation erosion resistance.
  • the positive alloy properties are also attributed to the heterogeneous texture of the grain orientations.
  • DSC analyses Differential scanning calorimetry analyzes (DSC analyses) were carried out on samples of the alloy according to the invention and thus also on the exemplary embodiment described. It was surprisingly found that contrary to the earlier assumption that cavitation-resistant alloys must have a certain pseudo-elasticity, the alloy according to the invention does not actually exhibit such pseudo-elastic material behavior, at least not to any significant extent.
  • the significantly improved resistance to cavitation in the alloy according to the invention is based on the special balance between formability and strength. This obviously has a positive effect on the cavitation resistance.
  • the cavitation energy is introduced into the material and distributed to the grains via deformation. This progresses over a long duration of the cavitation test, but without this leading to disadvantageous accumulations of material, which would be the case with previously known alloys that are considered to be cavitation-resistant, which would be removed from the surface.
  • a product manufactured with the alloy according to the invention is particularly suitable for the production of gear pumps or parts for steam and water fittings, ie parts which are exposed to increased cavitation stress on their surface. It goes without saying that other products which are exposed to cavitation on their surface by fluids flowing past can also be produced from this.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Domestic Plumbing Installations (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Utilisation d'un alliage corroyé Cu-Zn présentant la composition suivante (indication en % de poids) : Cu : 80 - 85, Si : 2,0 - 6,0, Al : 0,55 - 2,0, Fe : max. 0,8, Ni : max. 0,5, Sn : max. 0,5, Mn : max. 0,1, Pb : max. 0,3,
    le reste en Zn ainsi que les inévitables impuretés
    en tant que produit avec une résistance accrue à la cavitation à sa surface.
  2. Utilisation d'un alliage corroyé Cu-Zn selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'alliage présente la composition suivante (indication en % de poids) : Cu : 83 - 85, Si : 4,7-5,3, Al: 0,9-1,1, Fe : max. 0,3, Ni : max. 0,2, Sn : max. 0,3, Mn : max. 0,05, Pb : max. 0,1.
  3. Utilisation d'un alliage corroyé Cu-Zn selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'alliage est soumis, après une première coulée, à un formage à chaud.
  4. Utilisation d'un alliage corroyé Cu-Zn selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que pour fabriquer le produit, l'alliage est mis en forme par filage.
  5. Utilisation d'un alliage corroyé Cu-Zn selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'aucun traitement thermique supplémentaire n'est réalisé sur le produit après l'étape de formage à chaud.
  6. Produit d'alliage de laiton spécial fabriqué en utilisant un alliage corroyé Cu-Zn selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la résistance à la cavitation du produit se distingue par le fait, qu'au cours d'un essai de résistance à la cavitation selon ASTM G32-10 dans un médium d'essai constitué d'eau distillée à 20 °C, avec un intervalle de 0,5 mm entre la pointe de sonotrode et l'échantillon, à une fréquence de 20 kHz et une amplitude de 40 µM, on ne dépasse pas une perte de masse de 2,5 - 3,0 mg pour une durée de test de 300 minutes et notamment pas une perte de masse de 7 - 8 mg pour une durée d'essai de 500 minutes.
  7. Produit d'alliage en laiton spécial selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que celui-ci présente une limite d'élasticité à 0,2 située entre 450 et 260 N/mm2, notamment environ 250 N/mm2, une résistance à la traction située entre 530 et 600 N/mm2, une résistance d'allongement à la rupture entre 18 et 21 % ainsi qu'une dureté Brinell de 150 à 170 HBW, notamment d'environ 160 HBW.
EP20711876.1A 2019-03-20 2020-03-13 Alliage cu-zn Active EP3899073B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202019101597.7U DE202019101597U1 (de) 2019-03-20 2019-03-20 Cu-Zn-Legierung
PCT/EP2020/056900 WO2020187758A1 (fr) 2019-03-20 2020-03-13 Alliage cu-zn

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3899073A1 EP3899073A1 (fr) 2021-10-27
EP3899073B1 true EP3899073B1 (fr) 2022-04-27

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EP20711876.1A Active EP3899073B1 (fr) 2019-03-20 2020-03-13 Alliage cu-zn

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EP (1) EP3899073B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202019101597U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020187758A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09143598A (ja) * 1995-11-22 1997-06-03 Chuetsu Gokin Chuko Kk 加熱装置用黄銅合金材料
JP2002285264A (ja) * 2001-03-27 2002-10-03 Ykk Corp スライドファスナー用銅合金
WO2006016442A1 (fr) * 2004-08-10 2006-02-16 Sanbo Shindo Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Moulage d'alliage de cuivre avec des granules de cristal raffiné
ATE380259T1 (de) * 2005-12-14 2007-12-15 Kemper Gebr Gmbh & Co Kg Verwendung einer migrationsarmen kupferlegierung sowie bauteile aus dieser legierung
JP5116976B2 (ja) * 2006-02-10 2013-01-09 三菱伸銅株式会社 半融合金鋳造用原料黄銅合金
DE102014101346A1 (de) 2014-02-04 2015-08-06 Otto Fuchs Kg Synchronring

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WO2020187758A1 (fr) 2020-09-24
EP3899073A1 (fr) 2021-10-27
DE202019101597U1 (de) 2019-04-23

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