EP3890450A1 - Target device - Google Patents

Target device Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3890450A1
EP3890450A1 EP21161664.4A EP21161664A EP3890450A1 EP 3890450 A1 EP3890450 A1 EP 3890450A1 EP 21161664 A EP21161664 A EP 21161664A EP 3890450 A1 EP3890450 A1 EP 3890450A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
region
target
unit
cooling
refrigerant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21161664.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Yoshinobu Murakami
Francisco Guerra
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd
Publication of EP3890450A1 publication Critical patent/EP3890450A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H6/00—Targets for producing nuclear reactions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21G—CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS; RADIOACTIVE SOURCES
    • G21G1/00—Arrangements for converting chemical elements by electromagnetic radiation, corpuscular radiation or particle bombardment, e.g. producing radioactive isotopes
    • G21G1/04—Arrangements for converting chemical elements by electromagnetic radiation, corpuscular radiation or particle bombardment, e.g. producing radioactive isotopes outside nuclear reactors or particle accelerators
    • G21G1/10—Arrangements for converting chemical elements by electromagnetic radiation, corpuscular radiation or particle bombardment, e.g. producing radioactive isotopes outside nuclear reactors or particle accelerators by bombardment with electrically charged particles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H2277/00—Applications of particle accelerators
    • H05H2277/10—Medical devices
    • H05H2277/11—Radiotherapy
    • H05H2277/116—Isotope production

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a target device.
  • Radioisotopes used in test agents for PET tests using positron emission tomography are produced using a radiation source such as a cyclotron installed in a location close to a laboratory in a hospital. Specifically, the radiation (for example, a particle beam such as a proton beam or heavy proton beam) from the radiation source is guided to a target device, and radioisotopes are produced by the nuclear reaction with a target liquid (for example, target water ( 18 O water)) accommodated in the target device. Then, the produced radioisotopes are incorporated into a predetermined compound (for example, Fluoro-Deoxy-Glucose (FDG)) or some thereof are replaced and synthesized to produce a test agent.
  • a radiation source such as a cyclotron installed in a location close to a laboratory in a hospital.
  • the radiation for example, a particle beam such as a proton beam or heavy proton beam
  • a target liquid for example, target water ( 18 O water)
  • a device that accommodates the target liquid for producing such radioisotopes a device including a cooling mechanism that cools a portion that accommodates the target liquid and a portion that receives a boiled gas-liquid mixture of the target liquid from a back surface is known (refer to, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2011-220930 ).
  • the cooling unit that cools the target accommodation unit is required to have high cooling performance.
  • the cooling mechanism of the above-described target device injects the refrigerant to the back surface (heat transfer wall portion) of the portion where the target liquid is accommodated so as to be coaxial with the radiation.
  • the cooling mechanism of the target device cools the target accommodation unit from the back surface of the portion that receives the gas-liquid mixture of the target liquid with the refrigerant diffused radially after striking the heat transfer wall portion by the injection (an upward flow toward the portion receiving the gas-liquid mixture from the portion accommodating the liquid).
  • target devices capable of improving the cooling performance of the cooling mechanism have been demanded.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a target device capable of improving the cooling performance of a cooling mechanism.
  • a target device includes a target accommodation unit having a first region that accommodates a target liquid, and a second region that is located above the first region and receives a boiled gas-liquid mixture of the target liquid; and a cooling mechanism that cools the target accommodation unit with a refrigerant on a side opposite to an irradiating direction of an irradiation beam with respect to the target liquid, the cooling mechanism includes a first cooling unit that cools at least the first region and a second cooling unit that cools at least the second region, and the second cooling unit forms a flow of the refrigerant from top to bottom in the second region.
  • the target accommodation unit has the first region that accommodates the target liquid, and the second region that is located above the first region and receives the boiled gas-liquid mixture of the target liquid.
  • the cooling mechanism includes the first cooling unit that cools at least the first region and the second cooling unit that cools at least the second region.
  • the second cooling unit forms the flow of the refrigerant from top to bottom in the second region. The cooling performance obtained by the refrigerant flowing from top to bottom can be made higher than the cooling performance in a case where the refrigerant used in the first cooling unit is used as it is. From the above, the cooling performance of the cooling mechanism can be improved.
  • the first cooling unit may include a first nozzle unit that injects the refrigerant onto a partition wall between the first cooling unit and the first region
  • the second cooling unit may include a second nozzle unit that injects the refrigerant onto the partition wall between the second cooling unit and the second region
  • a flow of the refrigerant from top to bottom may be formed below an injection point by the second nozzle unit.
  • the cooling by the injection has a high heat transfer coefficient and excellent cooling efficiency as compared to other forced convection. Therefore, in addition to the cooling of the first region by the injection of the first nozzle unit, the second nozzle unit cools the second region by the injection, thereby further enhancing the cooling performance of the cooling mechanism.
  • a first internal space through which the refrigerant flows in the first cooling unit and a second internal space through which the refrigerant flows in the second cooling unit may be partitioned from each other.
  • cooling can be performed in a state in which the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit are independent of each other. In this case, it is possible to suppress that the flow of the refrigerant in one cooling unit interferes with the flow of the refrigerant in the other cooling unit.
  • the target device capable of improving the cooling performance of the cooling mechanism is provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a target device 100 according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the target device 100 cut at the position of an irradiation axis RL.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a state before a target liquid 101 is irradiated with a beam B.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the target device 100 in a state in which the target liquid 101 is irradiated with the beam B.
  • FIG. 3 is a view of the target device 100 as viewed from a rear surface side.
  • the target device 100 includes a beam introduction unit 1, a foil 2, a target accommodation unit 3, and a cooling mechanism 4.
  • a radioisotope production apparatus includes the above-described target device 100 and an accelerator (not illustrated) .
  • an accelerator for example, a cyclotron or the like is adopted as such an accelerator, the accelerator generates a charged particle beam (hereinafter, referred to as a "beam"), and the generated beam B (refer to FIG. 2 ) is emitted the target device 100 along the irradiation axis RL.
  • the beam B emitted to the target device 100 include particle beams such as a proton beam and a heavy proton beam.
  • the target device 100 is mounted on an outlet port from which the beam B of the accelerator is led out via a manifold (not illustrated) disposed between the target device 100 and the accelerator.
  • a direction in which the irradiation axis RL extends may be referred to as a depth direction D1 of the target device 100.
  • a side (an upstream side in a traveling direction of the beam) to which the beam B is emitted in the depth direction D1 may be referred to as a front side of the target device 100, and a side opposite thereto may be referredto as a rear side of the target device 100.
  • a direction perpendicular to the depth direction D1 of the target device 100 and an up-down direction may be referred to as a width direction D2.
  • the target device 100 has, for example, a square columnar outer shape.
  • the target device 100 includes a front flange 11 mainly for forming the beam introduction unit 1, a target container 12 mainly for forming the target accommodation unit 3, and a flow path forming member 13 mainly for forming the cooling mechanism 4.
  • the front flange 11, the target container 12, and the flow path forming member 13 are made of a metallic block body. Additionally, the front flange 11, the target container 12, and the flow path forming member 13 are superimposed on each other in order rearward from the front side in the depth direction D1.
  • the target device 100 includes a front surface 100a and a rear surface 100b parallel to each other in the depth direction D1, a side surface 100c and a side surface 100d parallel to each other in the width direction D2 (refer to FIG. 3 ), and an upper surface 100e and a lower surface 100f parallel to each other in the up-down direction.
  • the front surface 100a is constituted by a front surface of the front flange 11 in the depth direction D1.
  • a ring member 14 that introduces the beam B is attached to the front surface 100a at a position corresponding to the irradiation axis RL.
  • the rear surface 100b is constituted by a rear surface of the flow path forming member 13 in the depth direction D1.
  • the side surfaces 100c and 100d are constituted by a combination of the front flange 11, the target container 12, and end surfaces of the flow path forming member 13 in the width direction D2.
  • the upper surface 100e is constituted by a combination of the front flange 11, the target container 12, and an upper surface of the flow path forming member 13.
  • the lower surface 100f is constituted by a combination of the front flange 11, the target container 12, and a lower surface of the flow path forming member 13.
  • the beam introduction unit 1 is a portion that introduces the beam B into the target device 100.
  • the beam introduction unit 1 is constituted by an introduction hole 21 centered on the irradiation axis RL of the beam B.
  • the introduction hole 21 is constituted by a combination of a through-hole formed in the ring member 14 and a through-hole formed in the front flange 11.
  • the foil 2 is exposed at a rear opening portion of the introduction hole 21. Therefore, the beam B introduced into the introduction hole 21 of the beam introduction unit 1 is emitted to the foil 2.
  • the ring member 14 and the front flange 11 constituting the beam introduction unit 1 can be formed of, for example, an aluminum alloy.
  • the foil 2 is a member that partitions the beam introduction unit 1 and the target accommodation unit 3 from each other.
  • the foil 2 is sandwiched between the front flange 11 and the target container 12.
  • the foil 2 is pressed against and fixed to the target container 12 by the front flange 11.
  • the foil 2 allows the beam B to pass therethrough, while blocking the passage of fluids such as the target liquid 101 and He gas. Therefore, after the beam B is emitted to the foil 2, the beam B passes through the foil 2 and is emitted to the target liquid 101.
  • the He gas is blown against the front surface of the foil 2 and used as a cooling gas for the foil 2.
  • the foil 2 is, for example, a thin foil formed from metals or alloys of Ti or the like, and the thickness thereof is about 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the foil 2 is provided so as to cover at least the entire region of the introduction hole 21 of the beam introduction unit 1. Additionally, the foil 2 is provided so as to cover the entire region of an opening portion of a recessed portion 22 (described below) of the target accommodation unit 3.
  • the target accommodation unit 3 is a portion that accommodates the target liquid 101.
  • the target accommodation unit 3 is constituted by a space surrounded by the recessed portion 22 formed in the target container 12 and the foil 2.
  • the target container 12 can be formed of, for example, Nb. 18 O (target water) is enclosed as the target liquid 101 in the target accommodation unit 3.
  • the recessed portion 22 is recessed rearward in the depth direction D1 from, for example, a fixing surface 12a sandwiching the foil 2 in the front surface of the target container 12.
  • the recessed portion 22 has a bottom surface 22a, and a peripheral surface 22b extending forward in the depth direction D1 from an outer peripheral edge of the bottom surface 22a.
  • the target accommodation unit 3 has a symmetrical shape with respect to a center line CL1 of the target device 100 (except for a point where fins 29 described below are provided) as viewed from the width direction D2.
  • the target container 12 is formed with a gas introduction hole 23 for introducing an inert gas (for example, He gas) into the target accommodation unit 3.
  • the gas introduction hole 23 communicates with the target accommodation unit 3 and extends to an opening portion 24a provided on a back surface of the target container 12.
  • a pipe route 24 extending further rearward is connected to the opening portion 24a of the back surface of the target container 12.
  • the inert gas passes through the pipe route 24 and the gas introduction hole 23 and is introduced into the target accommodation unit 3.
  • a high-pressure for example, 3 MPa
  • the target container 12 is formed with a circulation hole 26 that is used when the target liquid 101 is filled into the target accommodation unit 3 and used when the target liquid 101 in the target accommodation unit 3 is discharged.
  • the circulation hole 26 communicates with the target accommodation unit 3 and extends to an opening portion 27a provided on the back surface of the target container 12.
  • a pipe route 27 extending further rearward is connected to the opening portion 27a of the back surface of the target container 12. Then, the target liquid 101 passes through the pipe route 27 and the circulation hole 26 and is introduced into the target accommodation unit 3. Additionally, the target liquid 101 in the target accommodation unit 3 is discharged through the circulation hole 26 and the pipe route 27.
  • the target accommodation unit 3 has a first region E1 that accommodates the target liquid 101, and a second region E2 that is located above the first region E1 and receives a boiled gas-liquid mixture 102 of the target liquid 101 (refer to FIG. 2 ).
  • a state in which the second region E2 receives the boiled gas-liquid mixture 102 means a state in which the target liquid 101 is not accommodated before the irradiation with the beam B and the gas-liquid mixture 102 is accommodated during the irradiation with the beam B.
  • the second region E2 is continuously formed above the first region E1.
  • the liquid level of the target liquid 101 before the boiling is set to a boundary portion between the first region E1 and the second region E2.
  • the boundary portion is set to be above the irradiation axis RL and below the center line CL1. Therefore, the volume of the second region E2 is larger than the volume of the first region E1.
  • a relationship between the volume magnitudes of the first region E1 and the second region E2 is not particularly limited, and the volumes of both may be the same, or the volume of the first region E1 may be larger.
  • the liquid level rises due to the generation of air bubbles inside and reaches the second region E2 (refer to FIG. 2 ).
  • the target accommodation unit 3 has a track shape in which an upper end portion and a lower end portion are semicircular.
  • the plurality of fins 29 are provided in the second region E2.
  • the plurality of fins 29 extend upward from the vicinity of a boundary portion with the first region E1 to an upper end portion of the second region E2.
  • the plurality of fins 29 are arranged at a predetermined pitch in the width direction W1.
  • the fins 29 extend forward in the depth direction D1 from the bottom surface 22a of the recessed portion 22.
  • the fins 29 are fixed to the bottom surface 22a.
  • the height of the fins 29 is not particularly limited, the fins 29 may extend to the position of the foil 2 (refer to FIG. 4B ). In addition, the fins 29 are not provided in the first region E1, and the bottom surface 22a spreads in a planar shape.
  • the fins 29 are provided in the second region E2 when the fins 29 are provided in the second region E2, the contact area between the gas-liquid mixture 102 and the cooling surface can be increased. Therefore, the cooling performance of a second cooling unit 30B can be improved.
  • the fins 29 are not provided in the first region E1 in order to prevent the beam B from hitting the fins 29. Additionally, since there is much gas component in the second region E2 due to evaporation, the cooling effect by providing the fins 29 is enhanced. Compared to that, when the fins 29 are provided in the first region E1 having a large amount of liquid component, it is necessary to secure a volume for accommodating the target liquid 101 accordingly. There is a possibility that the influence of increasing the outer shape of the entire target accommodation unit 3 will be larger than the influence of improving the cooling performance. Therefore, the fins 29 are not provided in the first region E1.
  • the cooling mechanism4 cools the target accommodation unit 3 with a refrigerant on a side (that is, the rear surface side) opposite to the irradiating direction of the beam B emitted to the target liquid 101.
  • the cooling mechanism 4 includes a first cooling unit 30A that cools the first region E1 and a second cooling unit 30B that cools the second region E2.
  • the first cooling unit 30A includes a nozzle unit 32A disposed in a first internal space 31A.
  • the second cooling unit 30B includes a nozzle unit 32B disposed in a second internal space 31B.
  • the first internal space 31A and the second internal space 31B are spaces for allowing the refrigerant to flow thereinto.
  • the first internal space 31A is formed on the rear side in the depth direction D1 with respect to the first region E1 of the target accommodation unit 3.
  • the second internal space 31B is formed on the rear side in the depth direction D1 with respect to the second region E2 of the target accommodation unit 3. That is, the second internal space 31B is provided above the first internal space 31A.
  • a heat transfer wall portion 34 (partition wall) is provided between the internal spaces 31A and 31B and the target accommodation unit 3.
  • the first internal space 31A and the second internal space 31B are partitioned from each other by a partition wall 36.
  • the internal spaces 31A and 31B has a shape such that a track shape, in which an upper end portion and a lower end portion are semicircular as viewed from the front side, is divided at a central position in the up-down direction (an upper end portion side corresponds to the internal space 31B and a lower end portion side corresponds to the internal space 31A) (refer to FIG. 3 ).
  • the internal spaces 31A and 31B have the above-described shape and extend parallel to the depth direction D1.
  • the partition wall 36 is provided at the position of a center line CL1 of the target device 100.
  • the first internal space 31A approaches a part of a lower end side of the second region E2.
  • the target container 12 has a recessed portion 37 on a rear surface thereof.
  • the flow path forming member 13 has recessed portions 38A and 38B on a front surface thereof.
  • the partition wall 36 is provided between the recessed portion 38A and the recessed portion 38B.
  • the first internal space 31A is formed by a combination of the recessed portion 37 of the target container 12 and the recessed portion 38A of the flow path forming member 13.
  • the second internal space 31B is formed by a combination of the recessed portion 37 of the target container 12 and the recessed portion 38B of the flow path forming member 13.
  • the first nozzle unit 32A is a member that injects the refrigerant onto the heat transfer wall portion 34 between the first nozzle unit 32A and the first region E1.
  • the first nozzle unit 32A injects the refrigerant perpendicularly to the heat transfer wall portion 34.
  • the first nozzle unit 32A injects the refrigerant onto the heat transfer wall portion 34 at a position intersecting the irradiation axis RL (a position facing the introduction hole 21 and coaxial with the beam B).
  • the nozzle center of the first nozzle unit 32A is disposed within the diameter of the beam B as viewed from the depth direction D1.
  • the first nozzle unit 32A is a cylindrical member that extends parallel to the depth direction D1.
  • the first nozzle unit 32A is provided on a bottom surface of the recessed portion 38A.
  • the first nozzle unit 32A is spaced apart from the heat transfer wall portion 34.
  • a diameter-enlarged portion 32a having an enlarged diameter is formed at a tip part (front end portion in the depth direction D1) of the first nozzle unit 32A.
  • An outer peripheral surface of the diameter-enlarged portion 32a is spaced from the recessed portion 37, an inner peripheral surface of the recessed portion 38A, and the partition wall 36.
  • the second nozzle unit 32B is a member that injects the refrigerant onto the heat transfer wall portion 34 between the second nozzle unit 32B and the second region E2.
  • the second nozzle unit 32B injects the refrigerant perpendicularly to the heat transfer wall portion 34.
  • An injection point by the second nozzle unit 32B is preferably in the vicinity of the interface of the gas-liquid mixture 102.
  • the second nozzle unit 32B is a cylindrical member that extends parallel to the depth direction D1.
  • the second nozzle unit 32B is provided on a bottom surface of the recessed portion 38B.
  • the second nozzle unit 32B is spaced from the heat transfer wall portion 34.
  • a diameter-enlarged portion 32b having an enlarged diameter is formed at a tip part (front end portion in the depth direction D1) of the second nozzle unit 32B.
  • An outer peripheral surface of the diameter-enlarged portion 32b is spaced from the recessed portion 37, an inner peripheral surface of the recessed portion 38B, and the partition wall 36.
  • the cooling mechanism 4 includes a refrigerant circulation mechanism 40 for injecting the refrigerant from the nozzle units 32A and 32B.
  • a supply pipe 41 for supplying the refrigerant is inserted into a rear surface 100b.
  • the supply pipe 41 communicates with an injection port of the second nozzle unit 32B via a flow path 42 formed in the flow path forming member 13.
  • a flow path 43 for recovering the refrigerant in the second internal space 31B is open to the bottom surface of the recessed portion 38B of the second internal space 31B.
  • the flow path 43 extends in the flow path forming member 13 and communicates with an injection port of the first nozzle unit 32A.
  • a flow path 44 for recovering the refrigerant in the first internal space 31A is open to the bottom surface of the recessed portion 38A of the first internal space 31A.
  • the flow path 44 is connected to a recovery pipe 46 inserted in a rear surface of the flow path forming member 13.
  • the recovery pipe 46 extends to one side in the width direction D2 (refer to FIG. 3 ), and the refrigerant passes through a pipe (not illustrated) and is recovered by the recovery pipe 47 provided on an upper side of the target device 100.
  • the flow of the refrigerant in the cooling mechanism 4 at the time of the irradiation with the beam B will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 .
  • the target liquid 101 (refer to FIG. 1 ) is irradiated with the beam B, the target liquid 101 boils and the gas-liquid mixture 102 is drawn into the second region E2. Accordingly, F-18 is generated in the first region E1.
  • the second nozzle unit 32B injects the refrigerant to the position (specifically, the vicinity of the interface) of the heat transfer wall portion 34 corresponding to the second region E2 (flow F1).
  • the refrigerant that has collided against the heat transfer wall portion 34 spreads radially from a collision point. Accordingly, a flow (flow F2) of the refrigerant from top to bottom in the second region E2 is formed between the second nozzle unit 32B and the heat transfer wall portion 34. In addition, a flow (flow F3) of the refrigerant from top to bottom is also formed in the second region E2.
  • the refrigerant, which has spread in the heat transfer wall portion 34, is turned back at the diameter-enlarged portion 32b, flows toward the opening portion 43a of the flow path 43, and is recovered (flow F4).
  • the refrigerant recovered from the second internal space 31B passes through the flow path 43 and flows toward the first nozzle unit 32A (flow F5). Accordingly, the first nozzle unit 32A injects the refrigerant to the position (specifically, a position coaxial with the beam B) of the heat transfer wall portion 34 corresponding to the first region E1 (flow F6).
  • the refrigerant that has collided against the heat transfer wall portion 34 spreads radially from a collision point. Accordingly, a flow of the refrigerant (flow F7) from top to bottom in the first region E1 is formed between the first nozzle unit 32A and the heat transfer wall portion 34. Additionally, a flow of the refrigerant (flow F8) from top to bottom in the first region E1 is also formed. In addition, since the second region E2 also partially approaches the first internal space 31A, a part on the upper side of the flow F8 also approaches the second region E2 (refer to FIG. 2 ).
  • the refrigerant recovered from the first internal space 31A passes through the flow path 44 and flows toward the recovery pipe 46 (flow F10). Additionally, the refrigerant is recovered by the recovery pipe 47 (flow F11).
  • the target accommodation unit 3 has the first region E1 that accommodates the target liquid 101, and the second region E2 that receives the boiled gas-liquid mixture 102 of the target liquid 101 (a region that does not accommodate the target liquid 101 before the irradiation with the beam B).
  • the cooling mechanism 4 includes the first cooling unit 30A that cools at least the first region E1 and the second cooling unit 30B that cools at least the second region E2.
  • the second cooling unit 30B forms a flow (flow F2 in FIG. 2 ) of the refrigerant from top to bottom in the second region E2.
  • the cooling performance obtained by the refrigerant flowing from top to bottom can be made higher than the cooling performance in a case where the refrigerant used in the first cooling unit 30A is used as it is. From the above, the cooling performance of the cooling mechanism 4 can be improved.
  • the second cooling unit 30B can keep the heat transfer wall portion 34 at a lower temperature by applying the refrigerant to the heat transfer wall portion 34 at an upper portion of the second region E2. Therefore, the cooling performance can be improved.
  • the first cooling unit 30A includes the first nozzle unit 32A that injects the refrigerant onto the heat transfer wall portion 34 between the first cooling unit 30A and the first region E1.
  • the second cooling unit 30B includes the second nozzle unit 32B that injects the refrigerant onto the heat transfer wall portion 34 between the second cooling unit 30B and the second region E2.
  • a flow of the refrigerant (flow F2 in FIG. 2 ) from top to bottom may be formed below the injection point by the second nozzle unit 32B.
  • the cooling by the injection has a high heat transfer coefficient and excellent cooling efficiency as compared to other forced convection. Therefore, in addition to the cooling of the first region E1 by the injection of the first nozzle unit 32A, the second nozzle unit 32B cools the second region E2 by the injection, thereby further enhancing the cooling performance of the cooling mechanism 4.
  • the first internal space 31A through which the refrigerant flows in the first cooling unit 30A and the second internal space 31B through which the refrigerant flows in the second cooling unit 30B maybe partitioned from each other.
  • cooling can be performed in a state in which the first cooling unit 30A and the second cooling unit 30B are independent of each other. In this case, it is possible to suppress that the flow of the refrigerant in one cooling unit interferes with the flow of the refrigerant in the other cooling unit.
  • the cooling is performed by the injection, in the vicinity of the nozzle center, the heat transfer coefficient is larger and the thermal efficiency is excellent.
  • the heat transfer coefficient is small at a point away from the nozzle center. Therefore, a point where the cooling can be efficiently performed is limited to a radius of about 2 cm at a flow rate of the refrigerant of 5 to 10 liters per minute.
  • the second region E2 is also cooled by the refrigerant from the first cooling unit 30A as in a comparative example described below, the second region E2 is radially separated from the first nozzle unit 32A. Therefore, there is a case where sufficient cooling is not be performed.
  • the first cooling unit 30A and the second cooling unit 30B are made independent of each other and the flow of the refrigerant dedicated to the second region E2 is formed by the second cooling unit 30B, the cooling efficiency for the second region E2 can be greatly improved.
  • the target device 100 according to the above-described embodiment is prepared by removing the second cooling unit 30B and the partition wall 36.
  • a target device according to the comparative example cools the second region by using an upward flow of the refrigerant (corresponding to the flow F8 in FIG. 2 ) generated by the injection of the first nozzle unit 32A.
  • the target device according to such a comparative example in a case where the target liquid 101 was irradiated with a beam B of 18 MeV and an average of 95 ⁇ A for 2 hours, the target accommodation unit 3 reached a maximum of 3.5 MPa, and F-18 of 416 GBq was generated.
  • the target device 100 When the beam current is increased more than that, there is a possibility that the pressure of the target accommodation unit 3 exceeds a recommended upper limit of 4.2 MPa and the target is damaged.
  • the target device 100 in a case where the target liquid 101 was irradiated with a beam B of 18 MeV and an average of 95 ⁇ A for 2 hours, the target accommodation unit 3 reached a maximum of 2.3 MPa, and F-18 of 450 GBq was generated.
  • the target liquid 101 was irradiated with the beam B having an average of 167 ⁇ A for 2 hours, the target accommodation unit 3 reached a maximum of 3.4 MPa, and F-18 of 755 GBq was generated.
  • the intensity of the beam B can be made higher than that of the comparative example because the cooling performance of the cooling mechanism 4 is high.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.
  • the second cooling unit includes the second nozzle unit that injects the refrigerant onto the partition wall between the second cooling unit and the second region.
  • the second cooling unit may form a flow of the refrigerant from top to bottom in the second region and may not necessarily have the second nozzle unit.
  • a flow of the refrigerant may be formed from an upper end of the second internal space so as to flow from top to bottom in the heat transfer wall portion 34. That is, in the above-described embodiment, the second cooling unit also forms a flow from bottom to top by the injection (flow F3 in FIG. 2 ), but may form only a flow from top to bottom.
  • the refrigerant circulation mechanism in the cooling mechanism is not limited to the above-described embodiment.
  • only one refrigerant supply pipe is used, and the refrigerant used for the injection of the second cooling unit is also used for the injection of the first cooling unit.
  • a dedicated supply pipe may be provided for the first cooling unit and a dedicated supply pipe may be provided for the second cooling unit.
  • the configuration of the flow path or pipe for the refrigerant may be appropriately changed.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
EP21161664.4A 2020-03-30 2021-03-10 Target device Pending EP3890450A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2020060889A JP7445491B2 (ja) 2020-03-30 2020-03-30 ターゲット装置

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3890450A1 true EP3890450A1 (en) 2021-10-06

Family

ID=74870655

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21161664.4A Pending EP3890450A1 (en) 2020-03-30 2021-03-10 Target device

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3890450A1 (ja)
JP (1) JP7445491B2 (ja)
CN (1) CN113470844B (ja)
CA (1) CA3112871A1 (ja)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060062342A1 (en) * 2004-09-17 2006-03-23 Cyclotron Partners, L.P. Method and apparatus for the production of radioisotopes
WO2007040024A1 (ja) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-12 Hitachi, Ltd. 放射性同位元素製造装置、及びターゲットのリサイクル方法
WO2008149600A1 (ja) * 2007-06-08 2008-12-11 Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. 放射性同位元素製造装置及び放射性同位元素の製造方法
JP2011220930A (ja) 2010-04-13 2011-11-04 Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd ターゲットおよびターゲット装置
WO2011143565A1 (en) * 2010-05-14 2011-11-17 Stevenson Nigel R Tc-99m produced by proton irradiation of a fluid target system

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7127023B2 (en) * 2002-05-21 2006-10-24 Duke University Batch target and method for producing radionuclide
EP1569243A1 (en) * 2004-02-20 2005-08-31 Ion Beam Applications S.A. Target device for producing a radioisotope
JP2013246131A (ja) * 2012-05-29 2013-12-09 Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd Ｒｉ製造装置
KR101366689B1 (ko) * 2012-08-20 2014-02-25 한국원자력의학원 열사이펀 기능성 내부 유로가 구비된 방사선 동위원소 액체 표적장치

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060062342A1 (en) * 2004-09-17 2006-03-23 Cyclotron Partners, L.P. Method and apparatus for the production of radioisotopes
WO2007040024A1 (ja) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-12 Hitachi, Ltd. 放射性同位元素製造装置、及びターゲットのリサイクル方法
WO2008149600A1 (ja) * 2007-06-08 2008-12-11 Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. 放射性同位元素製造装置及び放射性同位元素の製造方法
JP2011220930A (ja) 2010-04-13 2011-11-04 Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd ターゲットおよびターゲット装置
WO2011143565A1 (en) * 2010-05-14 2011-11-17 Stevenson Nigel R Tc-99m produced by proton irradiation of a fluid target system

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
JAHANGIRI POUYAN ET AL: "Modeling the pressure rise of a liquid target on a medical cyclotron: Steady-state analysis", APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES, ELSEVIER, OXFORD, GB, vol. 120, 15 November 2016 (2016-11-15), pages 22 - 29, XP029870541, ISSN: 0969-8043, DOI: 10.1016/J.APRADISO.2016.11.011 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN113470844B (zh) 2024-07-09
CN113470844A (zh) 2021-10-01
JP2021162318A (ja) 2021-10-11
JP7445491B2 (ja) 2024-03-07
CA3112871A1 (en) 2021-09-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP4541445B2 (ja) 放射性同位元素製造装置及び放射性同位元素の製造方法
US5917874A (en) Accelerator target
JP2022091813A (ja) 中性子捕捉治療システムおよび粒子線発生装置用のターゲット
US20160141062A1 (en) Target body for an isotope production system and method of using the same
JP6791996B2 (ja) グリッド部分を有するターゲットアセンブリおよび同位体生成システム
CN108093552A (zh) 一种用于加速器中子源的微流道靶系统
JP2013246131A (ja) Ｒｉ製造装置
CN111212510A (zh) 适应于bnct系统的复合中子靶
JP2014044098A (ja) 荷電粒子照射ターゲット冷却装置、荷電粒子照射ターゲット、および中性子発生方法
EP3890450A1 (en) Target device
US20060291607A1 (en) Target apparatus
JP5442523B2 (ja) ターゲットおよびターゲット装置
KR20090114797A (ko) 내부 핀구조를 가지는 동위원소 생산 기체표적
WO2020027266A1 (ja) ターゲット構造及びターゲット装置
CN219481343U (zh) 中子捕获治疗系统及用于粒子束产生装置的靶材
JP6968163B2 (ja) ターゲットアセンブリ及び同位体製造システム
JP7183098B2 (ja) ターゲット装置
JP2018013465A (ja) 放射性核種製造装置、ターゲット装置及び放射性薬剤の製造方法
CN211930950U (zh) 适应于bnct系统的复合中子靶
JP5963252B2 (ja) 液体ターゲットガイド
JP6730874B2 (ja) 放射性核種製造装置、ターゲット装置及び放射性薬剤の製造方法
KR20220135192A (ko) Ri제조장치, 및 타깃수용장치
JP2020187122A (ja) 放熱構造及びそれを用いる中性子線発生装置
CN221652832U (zh) 一种微通道冷却靶、车载加速器及bnct治疗装置
JP2023117840A (ja) 液体容器

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20220307

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20230504