EP3877683A1 - Électrovanne, électronique de commande pour une électrovanne et procédé de commande d'une électrovanne - Google Patents

Électrovanne, électronique de commande pour une électrovanne et procédé de commande d'une électrovanne

Info

Publication number
EP3877683A1
EP3877683A1 EP19805171.6A EP19805171A EP3877683A1 EP 3877683 A1 EP3877683 A1 EP 3877683A1 EP 19805171 A EP19805171 A EP 19805171A EP 3877683 A1 EP3877683 A1 EP 3877683A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
solenoid valve
current
armature
coil
magnetic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19805171.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Kolbenschlag
Thomas Wetzel
Leonard YOUSIF
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Samson AG
Original Assignee
Samson AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Samson AG filed Critical Samson AG
Publication of EP3877683A1 publication Critical patent/EP3877683A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0603—Multiple-way valves
    • F16K31/0624—Lift valves
    • F16K31/0627—Lift valves with movable valve member positioned between seats
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/02—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/02—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves
    • F16K27/029—Electromagnetically actuated valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0675—Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K37/00—Special means in or on valves or other cut-off apparatus for indicating or recording operation thereof, or for enabling an alarm to be given
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K37/00—Special means in or on valves or other cut-off apparatus for indicating or recording operation thereof, or for enabling an alarm to be given
    • F16K37/0025—Electrical or magnetic means
    • F16K37/0033—Electrical or magnetic means using a permanent magnet, e.g. in combination with a reed relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1805—Circuit arrangements for holding the operation of electromagnets or for holding the armature in attracted position with reduced energising current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1844—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H01F2007/083—External yoke surrounding the coil bobbin, e.g. made of bent magnetic sheet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H01F7/1844—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits
    • H01F2007/185—Monitoring or fail-safe circuits with armature position measurement

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a solenoid valve, in particular for an electropneumatic drive, which is used in particular in a process plant, for example a chemical or petrochemical plant, a food processing plant, a nuclear power plant or other process plant.
  • the pneumatic actuator can be used, for example, to actuate a control valve, such as a control valve.
  • the invention relates to control electronics for controlling a solenoid valve and a method for controlling the solenoid valve.
  • Such a solenoid valve can be provided with a sensor for determining an armature position in such a solenoid valve. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for controlling the solenoid valve and a positioner, in particular an electropneumatic positioner, which can operate according to the mode of operation of the control method according to the invention and / or comprises a solenoid valve according to the invention.
  • a positioner can be coupled to a pneumatic drive that actuates a field device of the process engineering system, such as a control valve or an emergency shutdown valve.
  • Solenoid valves are usually operated by an electromagnet.
  • the generic solenoid valve has, in particular, an annular magnet coil, the inductances of which generate a magnetic field that preferably allows an armature of the solenoid valve to be displaced in a translatory actuating movement. It is known that the armature of the solenoid valve is electrically retracted into a retracted one Position moves while the armature is moved into an extended position in the absence of a magnetic field. Depending on the position of the armature, the solenoid valve opens or closes.
  • the coil is usually wound around a central section or magnetic core of a so-called magnetic yoke of the solenoid valve.
  • the movable armature is usually ferromagnetic and is attracted to the magnetic field generated by the coil and amplified by the magnetic core.
  • the magnetic field formed between the armature and the core exerts a force which depends in particular on the air gap formed between the armature and the magnetic core. The smaller the distance between the magnetic core and the armature, the stronger the magnetic force.
  • the solenoid valve is usually provided with a valve seat which cooperates with a valve member coupled to the armature in such a way that it opens and or at least partially seals channels or paths in the valve housing in one or more positions of the valve member.
  • a solenoid valve with a magnetic sensor for measuring a magnetic flux and thus for calculating and regulating the forces acting on the armature is known from DE io 2015 116 464 Ai.
  • the solenoid valve has a magnetic field sensor, in particular a Hall sensor, for measuring the magnetic flux density, which is arranged between the armature and the magnetic core in an air gap.
  • the air gap is formed in the interior of the magnetic yoke, radially on the inside with respect to the ring coil of the solenoid valve, which is received in the magnetic yoke.
  • a hollow cylindrical web is used to partially cover the air gap and forms part of an outer section of the magnetic return path of the solenoid valve.
  • the solenoid valve described above requires a special and complex housing or yoke structure, in particular around the web, which engages in an annular cylindrical cavity in order to form an adequate measuring air gap.
  • a single, in particular maximum, electrical power is required for energizing the coil.
  • the magnetic armature is set into motion after overcoming a static friction static friction and kept in the switched state when current is present (peak current, pull-in current). This maximum power is always requested, although it is not necessary to hold the magnet armature.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular to provide a solenoid valve which is operated in an energy-efficient manner and in particular reliably detects a malposition of the solenoid valve without having to change the basic structure of the solenoid valve.
  • a solenoid valve is proposed in particular for an electropneumatic drive, which is used in particular in a process engineering system.
  • the solenoid valve according to the invention has in particular the function of a direct acting solenoid valve.
  • the solenoid valve is operated by an electromagnet. By applying an electrical voltage, a coil is energized and generates a magnetic field that attracts an armature attached to a valve stem, so that the valve opens or closes.
  • the valve seat is in particular designed such that it switches and seals corresponding channels in the valve housing in both end positions.
  • the magnetic valve according to the invention comprises a magnetic coil, in particular a ring-shaped magnetic coil, and a magnetic yoke receiving a magnetic coil, on the inside of which an armature is movably arranged, in particular mounted, and the outside of which at least partially surrounds the magnetic coil and / or which Magnetic coil at least partially enclosed.
  • the inference limits an in particular cylindrical cavity in which an armature, for example like a piston, can be moved back and forth along a linear adjusting movement.
  • the conclusion can also be called a magnetic yoke.
  • the coil can also be referred to as a winding or inductance.
  • the magnetic valve according to the invention also has a magnetic field sensor, in particular a Hall sensor, a Hall switch sensor or a reed contact, for detecting, in particular measuring, the magnetic flux density.
  • a profile jump such as a profile recess, for example a groove, is formed on the outside of the magnetic yoke, the magnetic field sensor being arranged in the region of the profile jump.
  • the profile jump forms in particular a weakening of the magnetizable material of the magnetic yoke, as a result of which the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit in the magnetic yoke is increased. In the specific energized state of the coil, field lines in the area of the profile jump can emerge from the inference.
  • the magnetic field sensor With a specific excitation current applied to the magnetic coil, this makes it possible, based on the magnetic field sensor placed in the area of the profile jump, to infer the dimension of the so-called working air gap between the armature and the magnetic yoke, in particular its central core section, which working air gap is in the course of the Operation of the solenoid valve enlarged and reduced.
  • the magnetic field sensor detects the magnetic flux in the area of the profile jump, in particular in the profile deepening, in order in particular to determine the position of the armature.
  • the sensor detects whether the armature is attracted or not when the voltage is applied. In the recess, the sensor thus detects the strength of the stray field through the slot air gap or changes the predefined initial state when a switching threshold is undershot / exceeded. In this way, the sensor can differentiate between the states "armature pulled up” and “armature dropped out” and output a corresponding electrical signal that is recorded by a control unit.
  • the profile jump is designed as a profile recess, such as a groove.
  • the profile recess is preferably formed in the otherwise otherwise uniform outside of the body of the magnetic yoke.
  • the outside of the magnetic yoke is an outside face, which lies flat and / or perpendicular to the direction of displacement of the armature, or a rotationally shaped, in particular cylindrical, surrounding outside, which in particular preferably completely surrounds the magnet coil.
  • the groove preferably comprises a radial or axial profile depth of less than 20 or 10 mm, in particular a profile depth of more than 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% of the wall thickness of the yoke towards the coil.
  • An air gap is preferably formed between the magnetic field sensor arranged in the profile recess and a wall of the profile recess.
  • the wall of the profile recess is defined in particular by wall areas, for example side walls or a bottom section of an in particular sac-shaped and / or circumferential recess on the outside of the magnetic yoke.
  • the profile recess is made in the form of a blind hole and / or circumferentially in the magnetic yoke, and / or a measuring point of the magnetic field sensor is arranged within the profile recess.
  • the profile recess preferably has a depth taken from an outer side, such as an end face or a cylindrical circumferential side, of the magnetic yoke, a dimension which is selected such that the structural extension of the magnetic field sensor and / or the optimal measuring point defined by the magnetic field sensor is completely within the profile recess is arranged.
  • the magnetic field sensor is preferably arranged in such a way that it, in particular its structural dimension, projects into the profile recess.
  • the magnetic field sensor is preferably designed to detect whether a predetermined magnetic field strength, such as a solenoid valve switching threshold (armature pulled up / armature dropped), is exceeded or undershot, in order, depending on the situation, to send a corresponding status signal, such as an overshoot signal or an undershoot signal, in particular to one
  • a predetermined magnetic field strength such as a solenoid valve switching threshold (armature pulled up / armature dropped)
  • armature pulled up / armature dropped armature pulled up / armature dropped
  • a corresponding status signal such as an overshoot signal or an undershoot signal
  • the control electronics can be, for example, a higher-level central control or a solenoid valve-specific micro-computing unit that is directly coupled to the magnetic field sensor.
  • the control electronics can form part of the structure of the solenoid valve.
  • the control electronics can comprise a printed circuit board to which electronic components and / or the magnetic field sensor is fastened, wherein in particular the longitudinal extension of the printed circuit board can be selected such that it can protrude beyond the outside of the magnetic yoke in the profile recess.
  • the magnetic field sensor is designed to determine the position of the armature, in particular along its translational travel path, using a magnetic flux in the area of the profile jump.
  • the magnetic field sensor can act as a position sensor that can communicate with a position control, such as a positioner.
  • the solenoid valve according to the invention has control electronics which is designed in particular in accordance with the control electronics according to the invention explained below and / or is designed to deliver a pull-in current or a holding current to the solenoid coil as excitation current, the pull-in current in particular being set in this way that the armature moves into the particularly retracted end position.
  • the control electronics are preferably designed to deliver a holding current to the magnetic coil as an excitation current as soon as the armature is in a particularly retracted end position, the holding current in particular being set such that it is lower than the pull-in current and / or the armature in particular retracted end position holds.
  • the inference is made of a magnetizable material, preferably a ferritic material.
  • the yoke has a circumferential receiving body for receiving the magnetic coil and a core which is substantially axially diametrically opposite the armature and which is formed along an axis of symmetry of the yoke or a translational movement axis of the armature and / or on which the armature is located in particular in one of the End positions of the solenoid valve supports or strikes.
  • the armature is connected to a core of the yoke via a spring element, the working air gap being formed between the armature and the core.
  • the size of the working air gap varies as the anchor moves in and out of the room.
  • the armature is forced into an extended position by the spring element.
  • the armature is in a retracted position when the magnetic field is applied.
  • the armature can be moved translationally along a longitudinal direction of the armature and / or along an axis of symmetry of the solenoid valve from the retracted position to the extended position.
  • the armature actuates a valve member (closure member) of a control valve.
  • the solenoid valve has control electronics which are designed to deliver a pull-in current or a holding current as excitation current to the solenoid coil, the pull-in current in particular being set such that the armature moves into the particularly retracted end position.
  • the control electronics can preferably be designed to deliver a holding current to the magnet coil as an excitation current as soon as the armature is in a particularly retracted end position, the holding current in particular being set such that it is lower than the pull-in current and / or the armature in the especially retracted end position.
  • the control electronics regulate the excitation current in such a way that the respectively required current is present on the coil to attract and to hold the armature securely. This can reduce the current consumption of the solenoid valve. Since a magnetic air gap has decreased in a first position after switching the valve and thereby also the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit, a reduced current or a reduced magnetic field is sufficient to hold the armature in the retracted position. The current is regulated to a lower holding current after a specified time, which reduces the power consumption. However, there is now a risk that due to external forces (e.g. impulse / acceleration in the form of a blow to the solenoid valve or through Pipeline vibrations) of the armature due to insufficient magnetic
  • Attractive forces can drop in the holding state and an unintentional position of the valve seat is reached, which is detected by the solenoid valve described above. After detecting an anchor drop, it is possible to tighten the anchor again with a high output in order to counteract the undesired effect of the anchor drop.
  • the recess is dimensioned such that the back yoke, preferably iron back yoke, is in a magnetic saturation state in the region of the recess when the excitation current is applied, preferably just just exceeds the limit of the saturation state when the armature is held in the retracted position .
  • the saturation state of the magnetic yoke describes the state in which some of the magnetic field lines emerge from the material of the yoke.
  • the field strength in the area of the recess with magnetic saturation is for example in the range of 6-15 mT, in particular 10-15 mT, preferably 12-14 mT.
  • the magnetic field sensor is designed to detect the state of saturation in the recess and to output a first signal that the armature is in the drawn-in position or in the held state in the retracted position.
  • the sensor is also designed to detect that the recess is not in the saturation state and to output a second signal that the armature drops in the direction of the extended position, in particular as a result of a malfunction or an incorrect operation of the solenoid valve. Due to the lower holding current compared to the attraction current, the armature can drop out of the retracted position due to insufficient magnetic attraction forces. Falling off can be triggered, for example, by external forces (e.g. impact, pipe vibrations).
  • the air gap between the core and the armature increases.
  • An increase in the air gap causes an increase in the total resistance of the magnetic circuit. That means that too Area of the recess is less flooded.
  • the magnetic material of the inference is now no longer saturated and can lead the required flux completely.
  • the field line strength is thus reduced, for example to a range of 1-5 mT, in particular 1-3 mT, in the air region of the recess.
  • the anchor status "attracted” or " fallen off” can also be indicated by a display element (eg LED). Furthermore, this signal can also be transmitted to the control room in order to check the cause of the unwanted anchor drop on site if necessary.
  • the invention relates to an electronic control for actuating an above-mentioned solenoid valve according to the invention, in particular for an electropneumatic drive, which is used in particular in a process engineering system.
  • the solenoid valve can be brought into an on-switching state and an off-switching state.
  • the electronic control according to the invention comprises a supply output for applying an excitation current to a coil of the solenoid valve in order to move the solenoid valve from the off-switching state to the on-switching state.
  • it can also have an electrical supply input, which in particular also serves to supply the electronic components of the electronic control with electrical energy.
  • the electronic control according to the invention has a switching regulator for setting the excitation current on the coil, the switching regulator being designed to apply a pull-in current to the coil of the solenoid valve when it is switched to the on state and to apply a holding current to subsequently hold the on state applied to the coil, which is lower than the pull-in current.
  • the control variable of the switching regulator can be, for example, the magnetic flux density, the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit, etc., which parameters can be determined and used in particular by the magnetic field sensor.
  • the electronic control can have a sensor, in particular a magnetic field sensor, for detecting whether the solenoid valve has reached a specific switching state, such as the on-switching state, the sensor being dependent on an input voltage applied to the electronic control is electrically supplied and / or the sensor is arranged in a recess, such as a groove, a metal body, such as a yoke, of the magnetic yoke, and / or comprise a circuit board for power electronics of the switching regulator, the magnetic sensor on the circuit board in a recess, such as a groove, a metal body, such as a yoke, of the magnetic yoke, wherein in particular the sensor is also applied to the circuit board.
  • the groove is preferably circumferential.
  • control electronics have a resistor, preferably a shunt resistor, a comparator, and a transistor, preferably MOSFET, in order to regulate the excitation current in the coil to the holding current.
  • the resistor connected in series with the coil can generate a voltage drop proportional to the excitation current.
  • the pull-in current is applied as an excitation current, the voltage drop across the resistor reaches a threshold value, the threshold value being determinable in the comparator.
  • the comparator interrupts the current flow in the coil via the transistor towards ground when this threshold value is reached.
  • a freewheeling diode connected to the coil dissipates the current in the coil when the comparator interrupts the current flow.
  • the transistor closes automatically after a predetermined time, preferably in the range of a few microseconds, so that the current flow from the coil towards the ground increases again and is interrupted again by the comparator when the threshold value is reached.
  • the threshold value can be regulated in the comparator for regulating from a pull-in current to a holding current to a lower threshold value, so that the excitation current in the coil can be regulated to the desired holding current.
  • the control electronics can also be referred to as power electronics.
  • the control unit applies a pull-in current to the coil until the armature changes its state and the sensor outputs the "armature energized" status signal.
  • the pull-in current can also be called the peak current. If the armature is attracted, the control unit lowers the current after a certain time and applies the holding current to the coil.
  • the holding current can also be a hold current.
  • control electronics are designed such that they receive the second signal from the magnetic field sensor when the armature has dropped out unintentionally, the control unit then changing the threshold value in the comparator in such a way that the coil can be excited with the attraction current and the anchor can be pulled back into the retracted position.
  • the electronic connection of the control electronics can also take place in such a way that the sensor - as already described above - is evaluated. If the magnetic field sensor outputs the second signal "armature dropped off", the electronics increase the threshold voltage of the comparator to the pull-in current and thus ensure that the armature changes to the "armature pulled up” state.
  • control electronics are designed to signal that the armature is in a blocked position when the applied pull-in current is received and the second signal from the sensor is received.
  • the complete armature stroke cannot be carried out due to a foreign body within the valve and flow area or due to seal or material failure, in particular friction, blocking or jamming.
  • a continuous evaluation of the armature stroke can be carried out by means of the detection of the attraction current described above and the evaluation of the signal from the sensor. This makes it possible to detect an intermediate position and to obtain further conclusions about the position of the valve stem. For example, a complete and safe valve lift can be prevented by a fault, so that either opening or closing of the valve plug on the valve seat is prevented. This would not guarantee the corresponding safety position, particularly in safety-relevant applications, and a critical state would occur.
  • By capturing the The various valve positions can be used to record the exact valve position and, if necessary, report it back to the user / operator as a malfunction.
  • the senor is a magnetic field sensor, preferably a Hall sensor or a Hall switch sensor or a reed contact.
  • a Hall switch sensor that has a defined switching threshold between the states “armature attracted” and “armature dropped”, which is preferably between 13.6 and 1.7 mT , preferably in the middle is 7.6 mT.
  • a control circuit board of the control electronics receives the magnetic field sensor directly.
  • the magnetic field sensor is arranged in such a way that it projects into the recess. This makes it possible to place the sensor directly on the outside of the solenoid valve and directly on a control circuit board of the control electronics without additional connecting elements.
  • the sensor is supplied, for example, like the control unit via the input voltage. Complicated housing structures and cable entries inside the solenoid valve can be avoided.
  • the invention relates to a method for controlling a solenoid valve according to the invention, described above, for example for an electropneumatic drive, which is used in particular in a process engineering system.
  • the solenoid valve can either be brought into an on-switching state or into an off-switching state.
  • a pulling current is applied to a coil of the solenoid valve to move the solenoid valve from the off-switching state to the on-switching state.
  • the pull-in current remains applied to the coil for a pull-in time, and after the pull-in time, a holding current is applied to the coil that is lower than the pull-in current.
  • the on-state of the solenoid valve is monitored by a sensor, preferably a magnetic field sensor, to determine whether the solenoid valve leaves the on-state and, if the solenoid valve leaves the on-state , the pull-in current is applied to the coil, in particular leaving the specific switching state of the solenoid valve by detecting an increase in a magnetic resistance of the magnetic metal circuit in the area of the magnetic yoke of the solenoid valve, in particular in the area of a weakening, such as a depression, for example a groove, in a metal body of the magnetic yoke is determined.
  • a sensor preferably a magnetic field sensor
  • the holding current is only applied when a specific switching state of the solenoid valve, preferably the on-switching state, is reached, in particular when the specific switching state is reached by means of a sensor, in particular a magnetic field sensor which, in particular, can detect the strength of a stray field on the outside of a metal body of a yoke of the solenoid valve, and / or if the holding current is present, the pull-in current is then reapplied to the coil if a deviation of the solenoid valve, which is determined in particular by the specific switching state , preferably from the switched-on state, in particular from a sensor such as a magnetic field sensor.
  • the method according to the invention for regulating a solenoid valve which has the following steps: actuation of the solenoid valve with a pulling current in order to move an armature into a retracted position.
  • the solenoid valve is actuated by a holding current to hold the armature in the retracted position, the holding current being lower than the pull-in current.
  • the current is set depending on how the armature positions itself with respect to a core section of the magnetic yoke and / or a magnetic field sensor determines the position of the armature.
  • the method further comprises the following steps: detecting by a sensor, preferably a magnetic field sensor, that the armature is in the drawn-in state or in the held state in the retracted position, and then outputting a first signal.
  • the method further comprises the following steps: detecting a drop in the armature in the direction of an extended position by the sensor, and then outputting a second signal.
  • the method also has the following steps: application of the pull-in current by the control unit, so that the coil can be excited with the pull-in current and the armature is pulled back into the retracted position. Operate the solenoid valve with the holding current to hold the armature in the first position.
  • the method also has the following steps: detection by the control unit whether the attraction current and the second signal are present, and then signal that the armature is in a blocked position.
  • the solenoid valve can also function as a seismograph by considering the armature-spring element unit as a spring-mass system, as well as the sensor, preferably a Hall sensor for detecting the vibrations, and the control unit for processing / converting the signal and is further used for signal evaluation.
  • FIG. 1b shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a solenoid valve according to a further embodiment
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic circuit of control electronics according to one embodiment
  • 3a, b are schematic views of the course of the magnetic field lines in the magnetic yoke with profile jump according to one embodiment.
  • Fig. La-b show a solenoid valve 10 comprising a magnetic yoke 14, which can in particular consist of an iron body, which has a cup shape, in the middle of which a cylindrical guide is formed, in which an armature 12 is movably arranged.
  • the magnetic yoke 14 has an essentially flat end face 9 and a cylindrical circumferential side (21 coil).
  • a recess 17 is formed, in which a compression spring 19 is arranged.
  • the compression spring 19 engages in a recess formed in the armature 12, and is thus mounted stably in the radial direction.
  • the compression spring 19 forces the armature 12 into an extended end position, which is not shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b.
  • the magnetic yoke 14 comprises an in particular annular cavity, in which a winding body 25, which is open towards the outside, is arranged, which accommodates a magnetic coil. In the axial direction, the magnetic coil extends along a large part of the core section 16 and overlaps the armature 12 over its entire axial working amplitude.
  • the outside of the winding body 21 at least partially (also an inside of the yoke 14) delimits the guide cylinder 23, in which the armature 12 can be extended and retracted.
  • a working air gap 25 is formed between the armature 12 and the core section 16 of the magnetic yoke 14.
  • the solenoid valve 10 has a pneumatic inlet 31 and a pneumatic outlet 33, which can be opened and closed by a valve member 35.
  • a pneumatic connection between the channels 31, 35 is separated.
  • the end positions are determined by the opposite valve seat stops.
  • the valve member 35 is fixedly connected to the armature 12, in particular made from a piece of magnetizable material.
  • Control electronics (not shown in more detail in FIGS. 1 a and 1 b) energize the coil 18, as a result of which the pneumatic input / output (31, 33) can be set.
  • the control electronics can be part of a pneumatic positioner, which is part of a pneumatic drive of a process engineering system.
  • a profile jump is formed in the form of a groove 20 which, according to FIG. 1 a, extends concentrically to the longitudinal axis A of the translatory movement of the armature 12.
  • the groove 20 is formed all around.
  • the circumferential groove 20 can also be formed on the peripheral side 21 of the magnetic yoke 14. In both In embodiments, the groove 20 forms a weakening of the magnetic body of the yoke 14. The magnetic resistance within the magnetic yoke 14 is thus increased.
  • a magnetic field sensor 22 is arranged in the groove 20.
  • the sensor 22 detects a magnetic flux in the groove 20 in order to determine a position of the armature 12.
  • the groove 20 is a recess with a rectangular cross section with 2 opposite side walls and a bottom section. As can be seen in FIGS. 1 a and 1 b, there is an air gap between the sensor 20 and one of the side walls and the bottom section.
  • Other recesses such as an arcuate recess is also conceivable.
  • the armature 12 is connected to a core section 16 of the yoke 14 via the compression spring 19, the working air gap 25 being formed between the armature 12 and the core section 16.
  • the yoke 14 is designed, for example, as a sheathing housing the coil 18 and the armature 12.
  • the core section 16 is preferably formed as an integral part of the inference 14 and arranged along an axis of symmetry A of the solenoid valve 10.
  • the core section 16 is designed as a section of the yoke 14 projecting in the direction of the armature 12.
  • An end face of the armature 12 and the end face of the core 16 are arranged opposite one another and aligned along the axis of symmetry of the solenoid valve 10.
  • the size of the working air gap 25 varies due to the partial retraction and extension of the armature 12 into and out of the space formed by the yoke 14.
  • the armature 12 When the magnetic field is not applied, the armature 12 is pressed into the extended position by the spring element 19.
  • the armature 12 is placed in a retracted position when the magnetic field is applied.
  • the armature 12 can be moved translationally along a longitudinal direction of the armature and / or along an axis of symmetry of the solenoid valve 10 from the retracted position to the extended position. In an example shown here, the armature 12 actuates the valve member 35 (closure member).
  • the locking element which is directly connected to the magnetic armature, is raised pulled and closes the upper seat of the valve (here 3/2 way valve as an example).
  • the spring element 19 presses the armature 12 back into its starting position, for example into the extended position, and the closure member 35 closes the lower seat.
  • the solenoid valve 10 has control electronics 24.
  • a schematic circuit of the control electronics 24 is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the control electronics 24 are designed in such a way that they deliver an attraction current or a holding current to the coil 14 as an excitation current.
  • the pull-in current is determined in order to move the armature 12 into the retracted position.
  • the holding current after the armature 12 is in the retracted position is set to hold the armature 12 in the retracted position.
  • the holding current is lower than the pull-in current.
  • the control electronics 24 regulate the excitation current in such a way that the respectively required current is present on the coil 18 in order to attract and hold the armature 12 securely. As a result, the current consumption of the solenoid valve 10 can be reduced.
  • the groove 20 is dimensioned such that the yoke 22, preferably iron yoke, is in the area of the recess 20 in a magnetic saturation state when the excitation current is applied, preferably just just exceeds the limit of the saturation state when the armature 12 in the retracted position is held, see Fig. 3a.
  • the state of saturation of the magnetic yoke 14 describes the state that part of the magnetic field lines emerge from the material of the yoke 14.
  • the working air gap 25 is large, the armature 12 has thus dropped, the excitation current or the holding current still being present.
  • the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit has increased due to the enlargement of the air gap. As a result, as shown in FIG.
  • the groove 20 is less flooded, ie the ferromagnetic yoke 14 is no longer saturated and can completely conduct the magnetic flux.
  • the field line portion in the air region of the groove 20 thus goes to zero or becomes significantly lower.
  • the sensor just detects i, 7mT.
  • the control electronics 24, as indicated in FIG. 2 have a resistor 26, preferably a shunt resistor, a comparator 28, and a transistor 32, preferably MOSFET, in order to convert the excitation current in the coil 18 to the holding current to regulate.
  • the resistor 26 connected in series with the coil 18 can generate a voltage drop proportional to the excitation current.
  • the voltage drop across the resistor 26 reaches a threshold value which can be determined in the comparator 28.
  • the comparator 28 interrupts the current flow in the coil 18 via the transistor 32 in the direction of ground when this threshold value is reached.
  • a freewheeling diode 30 connected to the coil dissipates the current in the coil 18 when the comparator 28 interrupts the current flow.
  • the transistor 32 closes automatically after a predetermined time, preferably in the range of a few microseconds, so that the current flow from the coil 18 towards the ground increases again and is interrupted again by the comparator 28 when the threshold value is reached.
  • the threshold value can be regulated in the comparator 28 for regulating from a pull-in current to a holding current to a lower threshold value, so that the excitation current in the coil 18 can be regulated to the desired holding current.
  • the control electronics 24 can also be referred to as power electronics.
  • the control electronics 24 follow a switching logic that applies a pull-in current to the coil 18 until the armature 12 changes its state and the sensor 22 outputs the state signal to a control logic 36 (like a microcomputer) “armature pulled up”.
  • the pull-in current can also be called the peak current. If the armature 12 is attracted, the control electronics 24 lowers the current after a certain time and impresses the holding current on the coil.
  • the holding current can also be a hold current.
  • a shunt resistor 26 connected in series with the coil 34 generates a voltage drop proportional to the excitation current. If the excitation current in the coil 18 rises after the application of a supply voltage, the current reaches Voltage drop across the shunt resistor 26 has a certain upper limit, which is determined and detected via a comparator circuit. When this threshold value is reached, the comparator 28 interrupts the current flow through the coil 18 towards the ground via the transistor 32 or the electronic switch (for example a MOSFET switch). Since the current through the coil 18 does not stop abruptly, it is passed on in a targeted manner via a free-wheeling diode 30.
  • the control logic 36 of the control electronics 24 closes the electrical switch again and the current in the coil 18 which has previously flowed through the free-wheeling diode 30 flows again towards the ground.
  • the current rises until the voltage at the shunt resistor 26 reaches the comparator threshold voltage and the MOSFET interrupts the connection to ground again. This process is now repeated, as a result of which the current in the coil 18 is kept at a constant current with ripples.
  • the control electronics 24 By changing the comparator threshold voltage, the level of the coil current or excitation current can be varied during operation of the valve 10. If the threshold voltage of the comparator 28 becomes lower, the control electronics 24 effectively regulate a lower current in the coil 18. By means of a clever connection, it can be achieved that after the first energization of the circuit an attraction current (peak current) is regulated, which leads to this that the valve armature 12 safely changes to the “armature tightened” state. If this state is reached after a certain time, the control electronics 24 selectively reduce the current to the holding current, as a result of which the power consumed by the coil 18 is reduced.
  • the electronic connection of the control electronics 24 can also take place in such a way that the sensor 22 - as already described above - is evaluated. If the sensor 22 outputs the second signal “armature dropped off” to the control logic 36, the electronics increase the threshold voltage of the comparator 28 to the pull-in current and thereby achieve that the armature 12 changes to the state “not energized”.
  • a control circuit board of the control electronics 24 directly receives the magnetic field sensor 22.
  • the magnetic field sensor 22 is arranged in such a way that it projects into the groove 20, as shown schematically in FIG. This makes it possible to arrange the sensor 22 directly on the outside of the solenoid valve 10 and without additional connecting elements directly on a control circuit board 40 of the control electronics 24.
  • the sensor 22 is supplied, for example, like the control electronics 24 via the input voltage. Complicated housing structures and cable bushings within the solenoid valve 10 can thereby be avoided.
  • a method for regulating a solenoid valve 10 which has the following steps: actuation of the solenoid valve 10 with a pulling current in order to move an armature 12 of a retracted position. Actuating solenoid valve 10 with a holding current to hold armature 12 in the retracted position, the holding current being lower than the pull-in current.
  • the method also has the following steps: detecting by means of a sensor, preferably magnetic field sensor 22, that the armature 12 is in the drawn-in state or in the held state in the retracted position, and then outputting a first signal.
  • a sensor preferably magnetic field sensor 22
  • the method further comprises the following steps: detection of a drop in the armature 12 in the direction of an extended position by the sensor, and then output of a second signal.
  • the method also has the following steps: application of the pull-in current by the control electronics 24, so that the coil 18 can be excited with the pull-in current and the armature 12 is pulled back into the retracted position. Operating the solenoid valve 10 with the holding current to hold the armature 12 in the first position.
  • the method further comprises the following steps: detection by the control electronics 24 as to whether the attraction current and the second one Signal present, and then signal that the anchor is in a blocked position.
  • the solenoid valve 10 can also function as a seismograph by considering the armature-spring element unit as a spring-mass system, the sensor, preferably a Hall sensor for detecting the vibrations, and the control unit for processing / converting the signal and continues to be used for signal evaluation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une électrovanne, en particulier pour un entraînement électromagnétique, qui est utilisée en particulier dans une installation de la technique des processus. L'électrovanne comprend une bobine magnétique en particulier annulaire, une culasse magnétique recevant une bobine magnétique et composée d'un matériau magnétisable, culasse sur la face intérieure de laquelle un induit est disposé de manière mobile et dont la face extérieure entoure au moins en partie la bobine magnétique, un capteur de champ magnétique, en particulier un capteur à effet Hall, destiné à détecter, en particulier à mesurer, la densité de flux magnétique, un saut de profil, tel qu'un évidement de profil, par exemple une rainure, étant formé sur la face extérieure de la culasse magnétique, le capteur de champ magnétique étant disposé dans la zone du saut de profil.
EP19805171.6A 2018-11-09 2019-11-11 Électrovanne, électronique de commande pour une électrovanne et procédé de commande d'une électrovanne Pending EP3877683A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018008846.5A DE102018008846A1 (de) 2018-11-09 2018-11-09 Magnetventil, Steuerungselektronik für ein Magnetventil und Verfahren zum Steuern eines Magnetventils
PCT/EP2019/080876 WO2020094885A1 (fr) 2018-11-09 2019-11-11 Électrovanne, électronique de commande pour une électrovanne et procédé de commande d'une électrovanne

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EP (1) EP3877683A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN211265153U (fr)
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US11230467B2 (en) 2019-11-04 2022-01-25 Marmon Foodservice Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for wirelessly detecting a sold-out state for beverage dispensers
DE102020128600A1 (de) * 2020-10-30 2022-05-05 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Ventilvorrichtung zur Absperrung oder Steuerung eines Durchflusses eines Fluids
CN112268135B (zh) * 2020-11-06 2022-11-15 中国兵器装备集团自动化研究所 一种应用于三位五通电磁阀的控制方法及装置
WO2023076806A1 (fr) * 2021-10-25 2023-05-04 Beckman Coulter, Inc. Dispositif de surveillance d'électrovanne utilisant des capteurs à effet hall

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DE102018008846A1 (de) 2020-05-14
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