EP3875882B1 - Device for securing a munition or propellant charge and weapon system comprising such a device - Google Patents
Device for securing a munition or propellant charge and weapon system comprising such a device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3875882B1 EP3875882B1 EP21152302.2A EP21152302A EP3875882B1 EP 3875882 B1 EP3875882 B1 EP 3875882B1 EP 21152302 A EP21152302 A EP 21152302A EP 3875882 B1 EP3875882 B1 EP 3875882B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bracket
- securing
- propellant charge
- bridge
- charge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 title claims description 52
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004429 Calibre Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 206010053648 Vascular occlusion Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
- F41A9/37—Feeding two or more kinds of ammunition to the same gun; Feeding from two sides
- F41A9/375—Feeding propellant charges and projectiles as separate units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
- F41A3/02—Block action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being transverse to the barrel axis
- F41A3/10—Block action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being transverse to the barrel axis with sliding breech-block, e.g. vertically
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
- F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
- F41A9/06—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using cyclically moving conveyors, i.e. conveyors having ammunition pusher or carrier elements which are emptied or disengaged from the ammunition during the return stroke
- F41A9/09—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines
- F41A9/20—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines sliding, e.g. reciprocating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
- F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
- F41A9/06—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using cyclically moving conveyors, i.e. conveyors having ammunition pusher or carrier elements which are emptied or disengaged from the ammunition during the return stroke
- F41A9/09—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines
- F41A9/20—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines sliding, e.g. reciprocating
- F41A9/22—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines sliding, e.g. reciprocating in a horizontal direction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
- F41A9/38—Loading arrangements, i.e. for bringing the ammunition into the firing position
- F41A9/39—Ramming arrangements
- F41A9/42—Rammers separate from breech-block
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
- F42B5/38—Separately-loaded propellant charges, e.g. cartridge bags
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for securing or retaining, in particular, a propellant charge or a propellant charge module or propellant charge modules against falling out of a charge chamber of a weapon system.
- the invention relates to a switchable device in particular, which can be used in the context of large-caliber guns in order to prevent the ammunition or parts thereof, such as a propellant charge or a propellant charge module or propellant charge modules, from accidentally falling out of the charge chamber when loading ammunition, in particular divided ammunition.
- the invention also relates to a weapon system with the device.
- Split ammunition is used in the field of large-caliber guns, especially artillery pieces.
- This consists of a projectile and a row of propellant charge modules for variable acceleration of the projectile.
- the projectile is placed in the transition between the charge chamber and the caliber part with a projectile rammer from behind through the charge chamber.
- the required propellant charge modules are then fed into the charge chamber via a propellant charge rammer and deposited at a defined position. This position may be defined by a step at the rear of the cargo area.
- the paragraph is intended to prevent the propellant charge from slipping backwards out of the not yet sealed charge space when the tube is raised positively.
- a propellant charge delivery system which is part of a fully automatic firing module on a combat vehicle with a heavy weapon.
- the basic idea here is to divide the process of moving the propellant charges into the propellant charge chamber into two sections by means of starting means and attachment means.
- the disadvantage is that the propellant charges, which are sometimes introduced at high speed into the charge space, have problems with positioning, especially with large tube elevations, the problem being that the propellant charge(s) can fall out of the charge space to the rear after the application process and before the charge space is closed. Even a possible paragraph cannot always remedy this disadvantage.
- the DE 10 2011 050 937 A1 relates to a loading device for loading a weapon with a feed slide movable in the direction of the bore axis of the weapon for conveying an ammunition body from a feed position into a firing position inside a charge chamber of the weapon.
- the feed slide holding the ammunition body is designed to be movable in a second direction.
- the feed slide is moved to the side by a closure element without the ammunition body losing its secure hold within the charge space, until this holding function has been taken over by the closure element moved in front of the charge space.
- the closure element moves from above in the direction of the feed slide.
- the closure element comes into contact with the feed slide on the top side, as a result of which it is moved downwards transversely to the direction of the tube core axis against the force of a spring.
- the feed slide automatically springs back to its upper starting position.
- a movably arranged retainer is provided on a feed slide, via which the propellant charges can be secured in position in their attached position.
- the retainer is hinged to the feeder so that it can pivot and can be transferred from a folded-in feed position to an upright retention position.
- the retainer is prestressed in particular by a spring in the direction of the folded-in delivery position.
- the retainer is articulated on the feed slide so that it can be pivoted through an angle of more than 90° for the transfer from the feed position to the retention position.
- the raising movement of the retainer takes place automatically when the feed pusher reaches a release element.
- the erection movement is initiated in the end area of the feed path.
- a rope can be used as a coupling element on the retainer.
- the moving rope can be caught and stretched over a pulley.
- the restraint can be set up by tensioning the rope.
- the object of the invention is, in particular, to securely hold a propellant charge of an ammunition or an ammunition itself or to safely catch the falling propellant charge so that it cannot slip out of a charge chamber of a weapon system when the closure element is open.
- the device according to the invention comprises at least one base plate and has at least one means running or adjustable perpendicularly to the base plate or to the axis of the tube core.
- the means for securing the ammunition or propellant charge should be designed in such a way that it can at least partially cover or cover a charge space of a weapon system in order to prevent the propellant charge or one or more propellant charge modules from slipping out.
- the means may resemble an i-, u- or v-shaped fork.
- the means should have at least one, preferably at least two, protruding fingers or overhangs. Another sensible number of projections is also conceivable.
- the agent can be guided through a profile in the bottom plate of the device.
- the means can be pretensioned by at least one spring element of the device, here in a direction perpendicular to a tube core axis of the cargo space as a function of the device.
- Preferred two spring elements are used.
- the use of two spring elements supports a better effect of the remedy.
- the spring elements are flat springs that can be rolled up.
- conventional tension springs or gas springs can also be used.
- the means is limited within the base plate, preferably in the profile, above and below.
- the means can be secured by at least one catching device of the device. Securing can be done using a contour functionally associated with the means. This contour can hook or snap into at least one catching device.
- Two capture devices are preferably used. These can be attached to the right and left of the base plate within the device.
- the securing of the means within the at least one capture device can be sensed by at least one sensor and the sensing can be forwarded to a system computer.
- the sensor can be an inductive sensor, for example. Alternative sensors are known.
- the means is connected to a bridge.
- the bridge includes at least one pin that functionally interacts with the at least one capture device.
- the contour for securing the means can be arranged, which can hook or latch the means into the at least one catching device.
- Two pins are preferred for the preferred two capture devices.
- each arresting device has at least one holding bracket which can be displaced orthogonally relative to the means or the base plate and is preferably spring-loaded.
- This sliding bracket can be held by a bracket holder and guided linearly.
- a spring force acting on the holding bracket preferably acts in the direction of, alternatively counter to, a weapon barrel muzzle.
- the spring-loaded retaining brackets should in turn be displaceable parallel to the axis of the tube core depending on the function of the device.
- a counter-contour for the contour of the pin of the bridge is introduced on a front inner side of the respective holding bracket. A positive locking is achieved by the contour and the counter-contour.
- the counter-contour can also be provided on a rear inner side of the respective holding bracket, which can then interact with the contour of the pin of the bridge and thus with the means.
- the holding brackets can then be moved parallel to the axis of the barrel core but counter to the muzzle of the weapon barrel.
- the form-fitting detent can also be designed as a force-fit detent. Magnets, for example, which can be separated from one another when attached to the bridge and to the retaining bracket, are ideal here.
- the at least one capture device can be triggered at a specific point in time.
- the triggering can be done by a triggering device.
- the arrangement of the triggering device on the device is such that the displaceable retaining bracket is displaced by the triggering device to such an extent that the contour of the pin can emerge from the counter-contour (front inner side, rear inner side) and the detent to the center is canceled.
- This allows the means, for example by the spring force of the at least one spring element in the base plate, to be moved from the lower starting position to a defined stop in the base plate or the profile in the direction of the core axis. In this defined end position, the means blocks the rear area of a cargo space. Any propellant charges that may slip back are caught by the means of the device. But a projectile can be secured with the inventive device.
- the triggering device can be a cable, for example, which can move the retaining bracket or brackets against a spring force in the direction of the gun barrel muzzle or counter to this direction.
- the expert can, for example, on the EP 2 898 281 B1 To fall back on.
- a remotely controllable triggering device can also be used, as will be described below.
- the inventive device can be embodied as a stand-alone construction.
- a combination with a type of feed slide is also conceivable.
- the triggering unit is to be brought into operation with the device in such a way that it can trigger the device and in particular the at least one catching device.
- the means of the device can be reset by a type of spring element, which guides the means evenly downwards again, thus bringing the means into the defined starting position and thereby reestablishing the detent.
- the spring element can then be relaxed again.
- the device is in turn ready to be triggered again.
- the device is intended to secure ammunition or a propellant charge in a charge space of a weapon system.
- the above-described inventive device can also be permanently integrated into a weapon system in an advantageous manner.
- the device is preferably located in the area of a tube base on the base piece of the weapon system.
- the arrangement of the device can be provided depending on the type of closure element. In the case of a closure element in a base piece and a closure element falling linearly vertically downwards, the device should preferably be provided below the tube base, ie opposite the closure element.
- Components of the device for partially closing a charge space of a gun barrel containing a propellant charge or propellant charge modules are preferably connected to the returning base piece.
- a part that triggers the device can be connected to the (fixed) cradle.
- the base plate of the device can in turn be firmly connected to the base piece of the weapon system.
- the means is secured by at least one catching device.
- the at least one catching device can be arranged under the floor piece. Two air-termination systems are also preferred here. These should be attached next to the base plate, for example on the right and left under the base piece.
- each arresting device has a preferably spring-loaded holding bracket which can be displaced parallel to the axis of the tube core and which can be held and linearly guided by the bracket holder which can be mounted on the base piece.
- a counter-contour for the contour of the pin of the bridge is introduced on a front inner side of the respective holding bracket. A positive locking is achieved by the contour and the counter-contour.
- the counter-contour can also be provided on a rear inner side of the respective holding bracket, which can then interact with the contour of the pin of the bridge and thus with the means.
- the holding brackets can be moved parallel to the axis of the barrel core but counter to the muzzle of the weapon barrel.
- the form-fitting detent can also be designed as a force-fit detent.
- Magnets that can be attached to the bridge and the retaining bracket(s) and separated from one another can be used here, for example.
- the at least one capture device can be triggered at a specific point in time.
- the device can be triggered by a triggering unit.
- a controllable actuator which is itself preferably electrically controllable is preferred.
- the actuator can be an electromechanical actuator, for example.
- the actuator of the triggering device can preferably be fastened to a holding plate.
- the retaining plate is preferably located below the base piece, preferably in front of the base plate.
- the retaining plate can in turn be fixed to the cradle.
- Functionally connected to the holding plate is an opening bracket which can engage the holding bracket of the at least one catching device and move it.
- the opening bracket is limited and secured in its initial position by a mechanically movable connection to the actuator.
- the opening clip is preferably pushed or displaced by the triggering device in the direction of the at least one retaining clip. This is not to be considered limiting. Rather, with an alternative triggering device, the opening clip can also be pulled by the triggering device, while retaining its function of moving the retaining clip(s).
- the means By triggering the device via the at least one catching device, the means can be moved from the lower starting position to a defined stop in the direction of the inner tube axis, for example by the spring force of the at least one spring element within the at least one pocket of the base plate. In this defined end position, the means blocks the rear area of the cargo space. If an attachment is present, the blocking occurs beyond the attachment of the floor piece of the cargo hold. Any ammunition or propellant charge(s) that may slip back are caught by the means of the device.
- the device can be (electrically) triggered again by the triggering device.
- the triggering of the device in particular that of the at least one arresting device, can also take place in a different manner instead of an actuator.
- a mechanism which is dependent on a movement of the weapon system and which activates the device and here in particular the at least one capture device would be possible.
- the device is designed in such a way that the locking element can be moved without interference and can completely close the charge space with the ammunition or propellant charge contained therein.
- the means can be pushed back into the lower starting position by the closing element moving downwards and secured in the position by the at least one catching device.
- the at least one sensor can detect this position and the securing can be confirmed.
- the advantage of such a device is that the ammunition or propellant charge is prevented from falling out after the loading process.
- safe and trouble-free operation can be created.
- a further advantage lies in the fact that the device can be triggered remotely.
- the remote triggering of the arresting device(s) makes it possible to be able to set the triggering time of the device and in particular the arresting device(s) via the triggering device.
- the loading of the weapon system and the triggering of the device can be precisely coordinated.
- the construction of the device allows for a simple way of working.
- the triggered device is brought back into the lower starting position by the locking wedge moving downwards.
- the device is tensioned again and the agent is guided downwards evenly with the movement of the closure element.
- the cargo space is permanently secured against propellant charges falling out.
- the device also provides a sensor that confirms the secured lower starting position of the means and forwards it to a system control of the weapon system.
- the device works independently of the elevation or an elevation angle of the weapon or weapon system.
- a device for securing or retaining a propellant charge or ammunition in particular against falling out of a charge chamber of a weapon system is proposed and relates in particular to a switchable device which can be used in the context of large-calibre barrel weapons.
- a weapon system with the device is also proposed.
- the device is characterized by a base plate with a profile for guiding a medium, the base plate having upper and lower end stops. These define a travel path of the means.
- the means can be connected to a bridge in such a way that the means can be displaced along the profile via the bridge.
- the device On the underside of the bridge, the device has at least one pocket for receiving a spring element.
- the spring element can be rolled up flat, be a tension spring or a gas spring.
- At least one catching device is designed in such a way that the means can be secured in a lower position.
- the bridge has at least one peg, with a contour or a magnet being able to be integrated or attached to the lower end of the peg.
- the at least one catching device comprises a spring-loaded retaining bracket that can be displaced parallel to the axis of the pipe core, the retaining bracket being held by a bracket holder and guided linearly.
- a counter-contour or a magnet is integrated or attached in a front inner side of the holding bracket.
- a triggering unit of the device can be operated remotely, in particular electromechanically.
- the device can be integrated into a weapon system.
- the base plate of the device can be attached to the base part of the weapon system.
- Other parts of the device, such as the safety catch, retaining bracket, bracket holder and the triggering device are also included in housed in the weapon system.
- a remote-controlled triggering of the device within the weapon system is achieved.
- a device is explained, preferably in combination with a weapon system.
- the device can also be regarded as an independent assembly.
- the functionality is the same as explained below.
- a large-calibre weapon system 100 is shown in simplified form with a base piece 2, a locking element 3, here a locking wedge, a charge chamber 4 and a cradle 5.
- the base piece 2 is connected to a rear end of a gun barrel 16.
- the breech block 3, which is movable in the direction of the bore axis 9, is located in the bottom piece 2 to seal the charge chamber 4.
- the gun barrel 16 is mounted radially in the cradle 5. When a shot is fired, the gun barrel 16 and thus also the base piece 2 can be displaced along the bore axis 9 up to a defined end position.
- the gun barrel 16 has a shoulder 8 at the rear end.
- the cradle 5 is pivotally connected through an elevation angle to a surrounding system, such as a turret.
- the core of the invention is a device 1. Parts of the device 1 are partly connected to the returning base piece 2 and partly to the cradle 5.
- a triggering device 31 for triggering the device 1 is arranged on the cradle 5 in a preferred embodiment.
- the device 1 comprises at least one base plate 21, which has a linear profile 11 as a guide track(s) of a means 10.
- the means 10 is connected to a bridge 20 in such a way that the means 10 can be displaced along the linear profile 11 via the bridge 20 .
- the bridge 20 has at least one pin 24 . This can be integrated in the middle. This pin 24 interacts with at least one catching device 13 .
- a contour 25 is introduced, which creates a form-fitting detent with a counter-contour of the catching device 13.
- the catching device 13 has a parallel to the tube core axis 9 displaceable and preferably spring-loaded retaining clip 27, which is aligned with the pin 24 by a clip holder 28 mounted on the base piece 2 and can be guided linearly.
- the spring force 30 acting on the retaining clip 27 acts in the direction of the muzzle of the weapon barrel.
- a counter-contour to the contour 25 is introduced on the front inner side of the holding bracket 27 .
- the two catching devices 13, 26 have spring-loaded retaining brackets 27 that can be displaced parallel to the tube core axis 9 and are held and linearly guided by two bracket holders 28, 29 mounted on the base piece 2.
- the spring forces 30 acting on the retaining bracket 27 act in the direction of the muzzle of the weapon barrel.
- the spring-loaded means 10 is held in the lower initial position with the aid of the contour 25 and the catch device(s) 13, 26 fitted under the base piece 2.
- torsion spring-loaded rocker switch 19 pivotable about the axis 38 on the right bracket holder 29.
- the rocker switch 19 is pressed by a front tip of the right bracket pin 24 in the upwardly pivoted position.
- the right side of the rocker switch 19 is in the detection range of the sensor 15 mounted on the cradle 5, as a result of which a corresponding signal is passed on to a system controller, for example the weapon system 100.
- the sensor 15 can be inductive in nature.
- An electromechanical triggering unit 31 is located below the base piece 2 to trigger the displaceable retaining bracket(s) 27, a displacement counter to the direction of the gun barrel muzzle.
- the task of the holding plate 18 is to receive an actuator 14 and to guide and hold an opener bracket 17, which can be displaced along the axis of the tube core, in its path.
- the opening bracket 17 is loaded by the spring elements 38 prestressed in the direction of the gun barrel muzzle and is limited and secured in its initial position by a mechanically movable connection 32 to the actuator 14 .
- FIG. 1 and 2 show the state of the weapon system 100 and the device 1 during the loading process after the projectile 6 has been placed in the caliber part of the gun barrel 16 and the propellant charge or the propellant charge modules 7 have been introduced into the charge chamber 4 by a propellant charge rammer (not shown in detail) and this has been moved out of the charge chamber 4 again.
- the means 10, the bracket 27, the rocker switch 19 and the opening bracket 17 are in their prestressed and secured starting position.
- the inductive sensor 15 is also actuated by the upwardly pivoted position of the switching rocker 19 and confirms to the system the lower initial position of the device 1.
- the actuator 14 of the triggering unit 31 can now be controlled in order to generate a tensile force 33 directed parallel to the bore axis 9 and counter to the muzzle.
- the tensile force 33 is passed on via the mechanically movable connection 32 to the opening bracket 17 that can be displaced along the axis 9 of the tube core. As a result, this is pressed in the direction of the two movable brackets 27, whereby these also move against their spring forces 30 up to the end stops of the two bracket holders 28, 29 after a certain distance ( 3 ).
- the actuator 14 is deactivated again, as a result of which the tensile force 33 is eliminated and the spring force 38 moves the opening bracket 17 into its initial position.
- This also has the effect that the front part of the opening clip 17 no longer presses against the two retaining clips 27 and the spring force 30 thus also moves the retaining clips 27 back into their starting positions.
- the wedge 3 closes and moves back to its down position, closing the cargo space 4 by the wedge.
- the two undersides 39 of the locking wedge 3 hit the two contact surfaces 36 on the left and right of the bridge 20, as a result of which these and thus also the connected means 10 are moved downwards ( Fig.4 ).
- the two front contours 25 of the bridge pins 24 meet the matching counter-contour of the front inner sides of the holding bracket 27 .
- the retaining brackets 27 are pushed a short distance against the spring force 30 until the two matching contours 25 of the bridge pins 24 and the counter-contours of the retaining brackets 27 engage and the retaining brackets 27 slip back in the direction of the spring force 30 in order to secure the means 10 in the lower initial position.
- the weapon When a shot is fired, the weapon recoils, which accelerates the receding parts backwards.
- these parts are the base plate 21 components attached to the base piece, together with means 10 and bridge 20, as well as the two arresting devices 13, 26 with the associated rocker switch 19.
- the components of device 1 attached to the base piece 2 are arranged in such a way that they do not move when the shot is fired.
- the components mounted on the cradle side, which include the entire triggering unit 31 with the opening bracket 17, the retaining plate 18 and the inductive sensor 15, are not accelerated by the weapon recoil.
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Description
Die Erfindung beschäftigt sich mit einer Vorrichtung zur Sicherung bzw. zum Zurückhalten insbesondere einer Treibladung bzw. eines Treibladungsmoduls oder Treibladungsmodulen gegen ein Herausfallen aus einem Ladungsraum einer Waffenanlage. Die Erfindung betrifft eine insbesondere schaltbare Vorrichtung, die im Rahmen großkalibriger Rohrwaffen verwendet werden kann, um beim Laden einer Munition, insbesondere einer geteilter Munition, ein unbeabsichtigtes Herausfallen der Munition bzw. Teilen davon, wie beispielsweise einer Treibladung oder eines Treibladungsmoduls bzw. Treibladungsmodulen, aus dem Ladungsraum zu verhindern. Die Erfindung betrifft zudem eine Waffenanlage mit der Vorrichtung.The invention relates to a device for securing or retaining, in particular, a propellant charge or a propellant charge module or propellant charge modules against falling out of a charge chamber of a weapon system. The invention relates to a switchable device in particular, which can be used in the context of large-caliber guns in order to prevent the ammunition or parts thereof, such as a propellant charge or a propellant charge module or propellant charge modules, from accidentally falling out of the charge chamber when loading ammunition, in particular divided ammunition. The invention also relates to a weapon system with the device.
Im Bereich der großkalibrigen Rohrwaffe, speziell Artilleriegeschützen, wird geteilte Munition verwendet. Diese besteht aus einem Geschoss und aneinandergereihten Treibladungsmodulen zur variablen Beschleunigung des Geschosses. Beim Ladevorgang derartiger Waffen wird nach dem Öffnen eines Verschlusskeils das Geschoss im Übergang zwischen Ladungsraum und Kaliberteil mit einem Geschossansetzer von hinten durch den Ladungsraum angesetzt. Anschließend werden die benötigten Treibladungsmodule über einen Treibladungsansetzer in den Ladungsraum zugeführt und an einer definierten Position abgelegt. Diese Position kann durch einen Absatz am hinteren Bereich des Ladungsraums definiert sein. Der Absatz soll verhindern, dass bei einer positiven Rohrerhöhung die Treibladung aus dem noch nicht verschlossenen Ladungsraum nach hinten herausrutschen können.Split ammunition is used in the field of large-caliber guns, especially artillery pieces. This consists of a projectile and a row of propellant charge modules for variable acceleration of the projectile. During the loading process of such weapons, after opening a locking wedge, the projectile is placed in the transition between the charge chamber and the caliber part with a projectile rammer from behind through the charge chamber. The required propellant charge modules are then fed into the charge chamber via a propellant charge rammer and deposited at a defined position. This position may be defined by a step at the rear of the cargo area. The paragraph is intended to prevent the propellant charge from slipping backwards out of the not yet sealed charge space when the tube is raised positively.
Eine derartige Ladevorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Laden einer Waffe mit geteilter Munition offenbart die
Aus der
Neben dem separaten Ansetzten des Geschosses und dem anschließenden Einbringen der Treibladungen, ist es ebenso möglich gemäß der
Nachteilig ist, dass die teilweise mit hoher Geschwindigkeit in den Ladungsraum eingebrachten Treibladungen speziell bei großen Rohrerhöhungen Probleme bei der Positionierung bekommen, wobei das Problem darin besteht, dass sich die Treibladung(en) nach dem Ansetzvorgang und vor dem Verschließen des Ladungsraums nach hinten aus dem Ladungsraum herausfallen kann/können. Auch ein möglicher Absatz kann diesen Nachteil nicht immer beheben.The disadvantage is that the propellant charges, which are sometimes introduced at high speed into the charge space, have problems with positioning, especially with large tube elevations, the problem being that the propellant charge(s) can fall out of the charge space to the rear after the application process and before the charge space is closed. Even a possible paragraph cannot always remedy this disadvantage.
Insbesondere bei einem automatisierten Betrieb einer großkalibrigen Waffe bzw. Waffenanlage ist es notwendig, für einen störungsfreien und sicheren Betrieb zu sorgen.Particularly in the case of automated operation of a large-calibre weapon or weapon system, it is necessary to ensure trouble-free and safe operation.
Die
Mit der
Gelöst wird die Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 eine Vorrichtung betreffend und durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 15 bezüglich einer Waffe bzw. Waffenanlage. Vorteilhafte Ausführungen sind in den Unteransprüchen enthalten.The object is achieved by the features of patent claim 1 relating to a device and by the features of
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung umfasst zumindest eine Bodenplatte und verfügt über zumindest ein senkrecht zur Bodenplatte bzw. zur Rohrseelenachse verlaufendes bzw. verstellbares Mittel. Das Mittel zur Sicherung der Munition oder Treibladung sollte so ausgestaltet sein, dass es in Funktion einen Ladungsraum einer Waffenanlage zumindest ansatzweise über- bzw. abdecken kann, um so ein Herausrutschen der Treibladung bzw. eines oder mehrere Treibladungsmoduls(e) zu verhindern. Das Mittel kann in einer bevorzugten Form einer i-, u- oder v- förmigen Gabel gleichen. Dabei sollte das Mittel wenigstens ein, vorzugsweise zumindest zwei hochstehenden Finger bzw. Überstände aufweisen. Eine andere sinnvolle Anzahl an Überständen ist gleichfalls denkbar.The device according to the invention comprises at least one base plate and has at least one means running or adjustable perpendicularly to the base plate or to the axis of the tube core. The means for securing the ammunition or propellant charge should be designed in such a way that it can at least partially cover or cover a charge space of a weapon system in order to prevent the propellant charge or one or more propellant charge modules from slipping out. In a preferred form, the means may resemble an i-, u- or v-shaped fork. The means should have at least one, preferably at least two, protruding fingers or overhangs. Another sensible number of projections is also conceivable.
Das Mittel kann durch ein Profil in der Bodenplatte der Vorrichtung geführt werden. Durch zumindest ein Federelement der Vorrichtung ist das Mittel vorspannbar, hier in senkrechter Richtung zu einer Rohrseelenachse des Ladungsraums in Funktion der Vorrichtung. Bevorzugt werden zwei Federelemente eingesetzt. Die Verwendung von zwei Federelementen unterstützt eine bessere Wirkung des Mittels. Die Federelemente sind in einer bevorzugten Ausführung flache aufrollbare Federn. Es können aber auch herkömmliche Zugfedern oder Gasfedern verwendet werden.The agent can be guided through a profile in the bottom plate of the device. The means can be pretensioned by at least one spring element of the device, here in a direction perpendicular to a tube core axis of the cargo space as a function of the device. Preferred two spring elements are used. The use of two spring elements supports a better effect of the remedy. In a preferred embodiment, the spring elements are flat springs that can be rolled up. However, conventional tension springs or gas springs can also be used.
Das Mittel wird innerhalb der Bodenplatte, bevorzugt im Profil, oben und unten begrenzt. In einer unteren Ausgangsstellung an der Bodenplatte kann das Mittel durch zumindest eine Fangeinrichtung der Vorrichtung gesichert werden. Das Sichern kann mit Hilfe einer Kontur erfolgen, die funktional mit dem Mittel in Verbindung steht. Diese Kontur kann in die zumindest die eine Fangeinrichtung einhaken bzw. einrasten. Bevorzugt werden zwei Fangeinrichtungen verwendet. Diese können rechts und links neben der Bodenplatte innerhalb der Vorrichtung befestigt sein. Die Sicherung des Mittels innerhalb der wenigsten einen Fangeinrichtung kann durch zumindest einen Sensor sensiert und das Sensieren an einen Systemrechner weitergeleitet werden. Bei dem Sensor kann es sich beispielsweise um einen induktiven Sensor handeln. Alternative Sensoren sind bekannt.The means is limited within the base plate, preferably in the profile, above and below. In a lower starting position on the base plate, the means can be secured by at least one catching device of the device. Securing can be done using a contour functionally associated with the means. This contour can hook or snap into at least one catching device. Two capture devices are preferably used. These can be attached to the right and left of the base plate within the device. The securing of the means within the at least one capture device can be sensed by at least one sensor and the sensing can be forwarded to a system computer. The sensor can be an inductive sensor, for example. Alternative sensors are known.
Erfindungsgemäß ist das Mittel mit einer Brücke verbunden. Die Brücke umfasst zumindest einen Zapfen, der mit der wenigsten einen Fangeinrichtung funktional zusammenwirkt. Am unteren Ende des Zapfens kann die Kontur zur Sicherung des Mittels angeordnet sein, das das Mittel in die zumindest eine Fangeinrichtung einhaken bzw. einrasten kann. Bevorzugt werden zwei Zapfen für die bevorzugten zwei Fangeinrichtungen.According to the invention, the means is connected to a bridge. The bridge includes at least one pin that functionally interacts with the at least one capture device. At the lower end of the pin, the contour for securing the means can be arranged, which can hook or latch the means into the at least one catching device. Two pins are preferred for the preferred two capture devices.
Jede Fangeinrichtung verfügt idealerweise über zumindest einen gegenüber dem Mittel bzw. der Bodenplatte orthogonal verschiebbaren und bevorzugt federbelasteten Haltebügel. Dieser verschiebbare Haltebügel kann durch einen Bügelhalter gehalten und linear geführt werden. In Funktion der Vorrichtung wirkt eine auf den Haltebügel wirkende Federkraft bevorzugt in Richtung, alternativ entgegen einer Waffenrohrmündung. Die federbelasteten Haltebügel sollten ihrerseits in Funktion der Vorrichtung parallel zur Rohrseelenachse verschiebbar sein. Auf einer vorderen Innenseite des jeweiligen Haltebügels ist eine Gegenkontur eingebracht für die Kontur des Zapfens der Brücke. Durch die Kontur und die Gegenkontur wird eine formschlüssige Rastung erzielt. Die Gegenkontur kann auch auf einer hinteren Innenseite des jeweiligen Haltebügels vorgesehen werden, welche dann mit der Kontur des Zapfens der Brücke und damit mit dem Mittel zusammen wirken kann. Die Haltebügel können in dieser Ausführungsform dann parallel der Rohrseelenachse aber entgegen der Waffenrohrmündung bewegt werden. Alternativ kann die formschlüssige Rastung auch als kraftschlüssige Rastung ausgeführt sein. Hier bieten sich beispielsweise Magnete an, die an der Brücke und an dem Haltebügel angebracht voneinander getrennt werden können.Ideally, each arresting device has at least one holding bracket which can be displaced orthogonally relative to the means or the base plate and is preferably spring-loaded. This sliding bracket can be held by a bracket holder and guided linearly. In the function of the device, a spring force acting on the holding bracket preferably acts in the direction of, alternatively counter to, a weapon barrel muzzle. The spring-loaded retaining brackets should in turn be displaceable parallel to the axis of the tube core depending on the function of the device. A counter-contour for the contour of the pin of the bridge is introduced on a front inner side of the respective holding bracket. A positive locking is achieved by the contour and the counter-contour. The counter-contour can also be provided on a rear inner side of the respective holding bracket, which can then interact with the contour of the pin of the bridge and thus with the means. In this embodiment, the holding brackets can then be moved parallel to the axis of the barrel core but counter to the muzzle of the weapon barrel. Alternatively, the form-fitting detent can also be designed as a force-fit detent. Magnets, for example, which can be separated from one another when attached to the bridge and to the retaining bracket, are ideal here.
Nach dem Ladevorgang einer Waffe kann die zumindest eine Fangeinrichtung zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt ausgelöst werden. Das Auslösen kann durch eine Auslöseeinrichtung erfolgen. Die Anordnung der Auslösevorrichtung an der Vorrichtung ist derart, dass durch die Auslöseeinrichtung der verschiebbare Haltebügel soweit verschoben wird, dass die Kontur des Zapfens aus der Gegenkontur (vordere Innenseite, hintere Innenseite) austreten kann und die Rastung zum Mittel aufgehoben wird. Dadurch kann das Mittel, beispielsweise durch die Federkraft des wenigstens einen Federelements in der Bodenplatte, von der unteren Ausgangsstellung bis zu einem definierten Anschlag in der Bodenplatte bzw. dem Profil in Richtung Rohrseelenachse bewegt werden. In dieser definierten Endposition versperrt das Mittel den hinteren Bereich eines Ladungsraums. Mögliche zurückrutschende Treibladungen werden durch das Mittel der Vorrichtung aufgefangen. Aber auch ein Geschoss kann mit der erfinderischen Vorrichtung gesichert werden.After a weapon has been loaded, the at least one capture device can be triggered at a specific point in time. The triggering can be done by a triggering device. The arrangement of the triggering device on the device is such that the displaceable retaining bracket is displaced by the triggering device to such an extent that the contour of the pin can emerge from the counter-contour (front inner side, rear inner side) and the detent to the center is canceled. This allows the means, for example by the spring force of the at least one spring element in the base plate, to be moved from the lower starting position to a defined stop in the base plate or the profile in the direction of the core axis. In this defined end position, the means blocks the rear area of a cargo space. Any propellant charges that may slip back are caught by the means of the device. But a projectile can be secured with the inventive device.
Die Auslöseeinrichtung kann beispielsweise ein Seil sein, das den oder die Haltebügel entgegen einer Federkraft in Richtung der Waffenrohrmündung oder entgegen dieser Richtung verschieben kann. Hier kann der Fachmann beispielsweise auf die
Alternativ kann aber auch eine fernbedienbare Auslöseeinrichtung verwendet werden, wie noch beschrieben wird.Alternatively, however, a remotely controllable triggering device can also be used, as will be described below.
Die erfinderische Vorrichtung kann als eigenständige Konstruktion ausgeführt sein. Auch eine Kombination mit einer Art Zuführschieber ist denkbar. Die Auslöseeinheit ist so mit der Vorrichtung in Funktion zu bringen, dass diese die Vorrichtung und insbesondere die zumindest eine Fangeinrichtung auslösen kann.The inventive device can be embodied as a stand-alone construction. A combination with a type of feed slide is also conceivable. The triggering unit is to be brought into operation with the device in such a way that it can trigger the device and in particular the at least one catching device.
Das Zurücksetzen des Mittels der Vorrichtung kann durch eine Art Federelement erfolgen, welches das Mittel gleichmäßig wieder nach unten führt, das Mittel somit in die definierte Ausgangsstellung verbringt, und dadurch wieder die Rastung herstellt. Das Federelement kann dann wieder entspannt werden. Die Vorrichtung ist ihrerseits wieder zur Auslösung bereit.The means of the device can be reset by a type of spring element, which guides the means evenly downwards again, thus bringing the means into the defined starting position and thereby reestablishing the detent. The spring element can then be relaxed again. The device is in turn ready to be triggered again.
Die Vorrichtung ist zur Sicherung einer Munition oder einer Treibladung in einem Ladungsraum einer Waffenanlage vorgesehen.The device is intended to secure ammunition or a propellant charge in a charge space of a weapon system.
Soweit hier Merkmales in Bezug auf die Vorrichtung beschrieben sind, gelten diese auch in Bezug auf eine Waffenanlage mit Verwendung einer solchen Vorrichtung als offenbart.Insofar as features are described here in relation to the device, these are also deemed to be disclosed in relation to a weapon system using such a device.
Die vorbeschriebene erfinderische Vorrichtung ist in vorteilhafter Art und Weise zudem fest in eine Waffenanlage integrierbar.The above-described inventive device can also be permanently integrated into a weapon system in an advantageous manner.
Die Vorrichtung befindet sich in diesem Fall bevorzugt im Bereich eines Rohrbodens am Bodenstück der Waffenanlage. Die Anordnung der Vorrichtung kann dabei abhängig von der Art des Verschlusselements vorgesehen werden. Bei einem Verschlusselement in einem Bodenstück und einem linear senkrecht nach unten einfallenden Verschlusselement sollte die Vorrichtung bevorzugt unterhalb des Rohrbodens, also gegenüber dem Verschlusselement vorgesehen werden.In this case, the device is preferably located in the area of a tube base on the base piece of the weapon system. The arrangement of the device can be provided depending on the type of closure element. In the case of a closure element in a base piece and a closure element falling linearly vertically downwards, the device should preferably be provided below the tube base, ie opposite the closure element.
Bauteile der Vorrichtung zum ansatzweisen Verschließen eines eine Treibladung bzw. Treibladungsmodule enthaltenen Ladungsraum eines Geschützrohres sind bevorzugt mit dem rücklaufenden Bodenstück verbunden. Ein die Vorrichtung auslösendes Teil ist mit der (feststehenden) Wiege verbindbar.Components of the device for partially closing a charge space of a gun barrel containing a propellant charge or propellant charge modules are preferably connected to the returning base piece. A part that triggers the device can be connected to the (fixed) cradle.
Die Bodenplatte der Vorrichtung kann ihrerseits fest mit dem Bodenstück der Waffenanlage verbunden werden. In einer unteren Ausgangsstellung wird auch hierbei das Mittel durch zumindest eine Fangeinrichtung gesichert. Die zumindest eine Fangeinrichtung kann unter dem Bodenstück angeordnet sein. Bevorzugt werden auch hier zwei Fangeinrichtungen. Diese sollten neben der Bodenplatte, beispielsweise rechts und links, unter dem Bodenstück angebracht sein.The base plate of the device can in turn be firmly connected to the base piece of the weapon system. In a lower starting position, the means is secured by at least one catching device. The at least one catching device can be arranged under the floor piece. Two air-termination systems are also preferred here. These should be attached next to the base plate, for example on the right and left under the base piece.
Jede Fangeinrichtung verfügt auch hierbei über einen parallel zur Rohrseelenachse verschiebbaren und bevorzugt federbelasteten Haltebügel, welcher durch den am Bodenstück montierbaren Bügelhalter gehalten und linear geführt werden kann. Auf einer vorderen Innenseite des jeweiligen Haltebügels ist eine Gegenkontur eingebracht für die Kontur des Zapfens der Brücke. Durch die Kontur und die Gegenkontur wird eine formschlüssige Rastung erzielt. Die Gegenkontur kann auch auf einer hinteren Innenseite des jeweiligen Haltebügels vorgesehen werden, welche dann mit der Kontur des Zapfens der Brücke und damit mit dem Mittel zusammen wirken kann. Die Haltebügel können in dieser Ausführungsform parallel der Rohrseelenachse aber entgegen der Waffenrohrmündung bewegt werden.In this case, too, each arresting device has a preferably spring-loaded holding bracket which can be displaced parallel to the axis of the tube core and which can be held and linearly guided by the bracket holder which can be mounted on the base piece. A counter-contour for the contour of the pin of the bridge is introduced on a front inner side of the respective holding bracket. A positive locking is achieved by the contour and the counter-contour. The counter-contour can also be provided on a rear inner side of the respective holding bracket, which can then interact with the contour of the pin of the bridge and thus with the means. In this embodiment, the holding brackets can be moved parallel to the axis of the barrel core but counter to the muzzle of the weapon barrel.
Alternativ kann die formschlüssige Rastung auch als kraftschlüssige Rastung ausgeführt sein. Hier bieten sich beispielsweise Magnete an, die an der Brücke und dem / den Haltebügel(n) angebracht, voneinander getrennt werden können.Alternatively, the form-fitting detent can also be designed as a force-fit detent. Magnets that can be attached to the bridge and the retaining bracket(s) and separated from one another can be used here, for example.
Nach dem Ladevorgang kann die zumindest eine Fangeinrichtung zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt ausgelöst werden. Das Auslösen der Vorrichtung kann durch eine Auslöseeinheit erfolgen. Bevorzugt wird ein ansteuerbarer Aktuator, der selbst bevorzugt elektrisch ansteuerbar ist. Bei dem Aktuator kann es sich beispielsweise um einen elektromechanischen Aktuator handeln.After the loading process, the at least one capture device can be triggered at a specific point in time. The device can be triggered by a triggering unit. A controllable actuator which is itself preferably electrically controllable is preferred. The actuator can be an electromechanical actuator, for example.
Der Aktuator der Auslöseeinrichtung ist bevorzugt auf einer Halteplatte befestigbar. Andere Möglichkeiten sind ebenfalls denkbar. Die Halteplatte befindet sich in Schussrichtung gesehen bevorzugt unterhalb des Bodenstücks, bevorzugt vor der Bodenplatte. Die Halteplatte kann ihrerseits fest an der Wiege angeordnet sein. Mit der Halteplatte funktional verbunden ist ein Öffnerbügel, der an den Haltebügel der wenigstens einen Fangeinrichtung angreifen und diesen verschieben kann. Der Öffnerbügel ist durch eine mechanisch bewegliche Verbindung zum Aktuator in seiner Anfangsposition begrenzt und gesichert.The actuator of the triggering device can preferably be fastened to a holding plate. Other possibilities are also conceivable. Viewed in the firing direction, the retaining plate is preferably located below the base piece, preferably in front of the base plate. The retaining plate can in turn be fixed to the cradle. Functionally connected to the holding plate is an opening bracket which can engage the holding bracket of the at least one catching device and move it. The opening bracket is limited and secured in its initial position by a mechanically movable connection to the actuator.
Der Öffnerbügel wird durch die Auslöseeinrichtung bevorzugt in Richtung des zumindest einen Haltebügels geschoben bzw. verschoben. Dieses ist nicht als einschränkend zu betrachten. Vielmehr kann bei einer alternativen Auslöseeinrichtung der Öffnerbügel durch die Auslöseeinrichtung auch gezogen werden, bei Beibehaltung seiner Funktion des Verschiebens des / der Haltebügel(s).The opening clip is preferably pushed or displaced by the triggering device in the direction of the at least one retaining clip. This is not to be considered limiting. Rather, with an alternative triggering device, the opening clip can also be pulled by the triggering device, while retaining its function of moving the retaining clip(s).
Durch das Auslösen der Vorrichtung über die zumindest eine Fangeinrichtung kann das Mittel, beispielsweise durch die Federkraft des wenigstens einen Federelements innerhalb der wenigstens eine Tasche der Bodenplatte, von der unteren Ausgangsstellung bis zu einem definierten Anschlag in Richtung Rohrseelenachse bewegt werden. In dieser definierten Endposition versperrt das Mittel den hinteren Bereich des Ladungsraums. Das Versperren erfolgt, bei Vorhandsein eines Ansatzes, über den Ansatz des Bodenstücks des Ladungsraums hinaus. Mögliche zurückrutschende Munition oder Treibladung(en) werden durch das Mittel der Vorrichtung aufgefangen.By triggering the device via the at least one catching device, the means can be moved from the lower starting position to a defined stop in the direction of the inner tube axis, for example by the spring force of the at least one spring element within the at least one pocket of the base plate. In this defined end position, the means blocks the rear area of the cargo space. If an attachment is present, the blocking occurs beyond the attachment of the floor piece of the cargo hold. Any ammunition or propellant charge(s) that may slip back are caught by the means of the device.
Nach einer erfolgter Schussabgabe und einem nachfolgendem Ladevorgang kann die Vorrichtung durch die Auslöseeinrichtung erneut (elektrisch) ausgelöst werden. Die Auslösung der Vorrichtung, insbesondere die der wenigstens einen Fangeinrichtung, kann Anstelle eines Aktuators auch auf eine anderer Art und Weise erfolgen. Möglich wäre ein von einer Bewegung der Waffenanlage abhängiger Mechanismus, der die Vorrichtung und hierbei insbesondere die wenigstens eine Fangeinrichtung aktiviert.After a shot has been fired and a subsequent loading process has taken place, the device can be (electrically) triggered again by the triggering device. The triggering of the device, in particular that of the at least one arresting device, can also take place in a different manner instead of an actuator. A mechanism which is dependent on a movement of the weapon system and which activates the device and here in particular the at least one capture device would be possible.
Die Vorrichtung ist so gestaltet, dass sich das Verschlusselement ohne Beeinträchtigung bewegen lässt und den Ladungsraum mit der darin enthaltenen Munition oder Treibladung vollständig verschließen kann. Durch das sich nach unten bewegenden Verschlusselement kann das Mittel wieder in die untere Ausgangsposition verschoben und durch die wenigstens eine Fangeinrichtung in der Position gesichert werden. Zusätzlich kann der wenigstens eine Sensor diese Position detektieren und die Sicherung bestätigt werden.The device is designed in such a way that the locking element can be moved without interference and can completely close the charge space with the ammunition or propellant charge contained therein. The means can be pushed back into the lower starting position by the closing element moving downwards and secured in the position by the at least one catching device. In addition, the at least one sensor can detect this position and the securing can be confirmed.
Der Vorteil einer derartigen Vorrichtung liegt darin, dass nach dem Ladevorgang ein Herausfallen der Munition oder Treibladung verhindert wird. Bei einer insbesondere automatisierten Waffenanlage kann ein sicherer und ein störungsfreier Betrieb geschaffen werden.The advantage of such a device is that the ammunition or propellant charge is prevented from falling out after the loading process. In the case of a particularly automated weapon system, safe and trouble-free operation can be created.
Ein weiterer Vorteil liegt in der fernbedienbaren Auslösung der Vorrichtung. Die Fernauslösung der Fangeinrichtung(en) ermöglicht es, den Auslösezeitpunkt der Vorrichtung und insbesondere der Fangeinrichtung(en) über die Auslöseeinrichtung einstellen zu können. In Verbindung mit einem Ladeautomaten können das Beladen der Waffenanlage und das Auslösen der Vorrichtung genau aufeinander abgestimmt werden.A further advantage lies in the fact that the device can be triggered remotely. The remote triggering of the arresting device(s) makes it possible to be able to set the triggering time of the device and in particular the arresting device(s) via the triggering device. In conjunction with a loading machine, the loading of the weapon system and the triggering of the device can be precisely coordinated.
Des Weiteren lässt die Konstruktion der Vorrichtung eine einfache Arbeitsweise zu. Die ausgelöste Vorrichtung wird durch den sich nach unten bewegenden Verschlusskeil wieder in die untere Ausgangslage gebracht. Hierdurch wird die Vorrichtung wieder gespannt und das Mittel gleichmäßig mit der Verschlusselementbewegung nach unten geführt. Dadurch ist der Ladungsraum permanent gegen herausfallende Treibladungen gesichert. Zur Vervollständigung eines automatischen Ladevorgangs sieht die Vorrichtung zudem einen Sensor vor, der die gesicherte untere Ausgangslage des Mittels bestätigt und an eine Systemsteuerung der Waffenanlage weitergibt.Furthermore, the construction of the device allows for a simple way of working. The triggered device is brought back into the lower starting position by the locking wedge moving downwards. As a result, the device is tensioned again and the agent is guided downwards evenly with the movement of the closure element. As a result, the cargo space is permanently secured against propellant charges falling out. To complete an automatic loading process, the device also provides a sensor that confirms the secured lower starting position of the means and forwards it to a system control of the weapon system.
Die Vorrichtung arbeitet ihrerseits unabhängig der Elevation bzw. eines Elevationswinkels der Waffe bzw. der Waffenanlage.For its part, the device works independently of the elevation or an elevation angle of the weapon or weapon system.
Vorgeschlagen wird eine Vorrichtung zur Sicherung bzw. zum Zurückhalten insbesondere einer Treibladung oder Munition gegen ein Herausfallen aus einem Ladungsraum einer Waffenanlage und betrifft insbesondere eine schaltbare Vorrichtung, die im Rahmen großkalibriger Rohrwaffen verwendet werden kann. Vorgeschlagen wird zudem eine Waffenanlage mit der Vorrichtung. Die Vorrichtung zeichnet sich durch eine Bodenplatte mit einem Profil zum Führen eines Mittels aus, wobei die Bodenplatte obere und untere Endanschläge aufweist. Diese definieren einen Verfahrweg des Mittels. Das Mittel kann mit einer Brücke verbunden sein, derart, dass über die Brücke das Mittel entlang des Profils verschiebbar ist. Die Vorrichtung weist an einer Unterseite der Brücke zumindest eine Tasche zur Aufnahme eines Federelementes auf. Das Federelement kann flach aufrollbar, eine Zugfeder oder eine Gasfeder sein. Zumindest eine Fangeinrichtung ist derart ausgeführt, dass das Mittel in einer unteren Position sichern kann. Die Brücke weist zumindest einen Zapfen auf, wobei am unteren Ende des Zapfens eine Kontur oder ein Magnet ein- bzw. angebracht sein kann. Die zumindest eine Fangeinrichtung umfasst einen parallel zur Rohrseelenachse verschiebbaren und federbelasteten Haltebügel, wobei der Haltebügel durch einen Bügelhalter gehalten und linear geführt wird. In einer vorderen Innenseite des Haltebügels ist eine Gegenkontur oder ein Magnet ein- bzw. angebracht. Eine Auslöseeinheit der Vorrichtung ist fernbedienbar, insbesondere elektromechanisch, ausgeführt. Die Vorrichtung ist in eine Waffenanlage integrierbar. Dabei kann die Bodenplatte der Vorrichtung am Bodenteil der Waffenanlage befestigt werden. Weitere Teile der Vorrichtung, wie Fangeinrichtung, Haltebügel, Bügelhalter und die Auslöseeinrichtung werden ebenfalls in der Waffenanlage untergebracht. Erzielt wird eine fernbedienbare Auslösung der Vorrichtung innerhalb der Waffenanlage.A device for securing or retaining a propellant charge or ammunition in particular against falling out of a charge chamber of a weapon system is proposed and relates in particular to a switchable device which can be used in the context of large-calibre barrel weapons. A weapon system with the device is also proposed. The device is characterized by a base plate with a profile for guiding a medium, the base plate having upper and lower end stops. These define a travel path of the means. The means can be connected to a bridge in such a way that the means can be displaced along the profile via the bridge. On the underside of the bridge, the device has at least one pocket for receiving a spring element. The spring element can be rolled up flat, be a tension spring or a gas spring. At least one catching device is designed in such a way that the means can be secured in a lower position. The bridge has at least one peg, with a contour or a magnet being able to be integrated or attached to the lower end of the peg. The at least one catching device comprises a spring-loaded retaining bracket that can be displaced parallel to the axis of the pipe core, the retaining bracket being held by a bracket holder and guided linearly. A counter-contour or a magnet is integrated or attached in a front inner side of the holding bracket. A triggering unit of the device can be operated remotely, in particular electromechanically. The device can be integrated into a weapon system. The base plate of the device can be attached to the base part of the weapon system. Other parts of the device, such as the safety catch, retaining bracket, bracket holder and the triggering device are also included in housed in the weapon system. A remote-controlled triggering of the device within the weapon system is achieved.
Anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels mit Zeichnungen soll die Erfindung näher erläutert werden. Erläutert wird im Ausführungsbeispiel eine Vorrichtung bevorzugt in Kombination mit einer Waffenanlage. Die Vorrichtung kann aber auch als eine eigenständige Baugruppe betrachtet werden. Die Funktionsweise gleicht wie nachfolgend erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment with drawings. In the exemplary embodiment, a device is explained, preferably in combination with a weapon system. However, the device can also be regarded as an independent assembly. The functionality is the same as explained below.
Es zeigt:
- Fig. 1
- einen Längsschnitt durch eine andeutungsweise dargestellte Waffenanlage,
- Fig. 2
- eine vergrößerte Darstellung des in
Fig. 1 gekennzeichneten Ausschnitts II, in der ein Verschluss vollständig geöffnet ist, mit einer Vorrichtung in einer gesicherten Ausgangsposition, - Fig. 3
- die vergrößerte Darstellung des in
Fig. 1 gekennzeichneten Ausschnitts II mit der Vorrichtung im ausgelösten Zustand, - Fig. 4
- die vergrößerte Darstellung des in
Fig. 1 gekennzeichneten Ausschnitts II, in der ein Verschluss vollständig geschlossen ist, mit der Vorrichtung in einer gesicherten Position.
- 1
- a longitudinal section through a weapon system that is indicated,
- 2
- an enlarged view of the in
1 marked section II, in which a closure is fully open, with a device in a secured initial position, - 3
- the enlarged representation of the in
1 Marked section II with the device in the triggered state, - 4
- the enlarged representation of the in
1 marked section II, in which a closure is fully closed, with the device in a secured position.
In der
Im Geschützrohr 16 dargestellt sind ein Geschoss 6 sowie eine Treibladung 7, hier in Form von mehreren Treibladungsmodulen.Shown in the
Die Wiege 5 ist schwenkbar um einen Elevationswinkel mit einem umliegenden System, z.B. einem Geschützturm, verbunden.The cradle 5 is pivotally connected through an elevation angle to a surrounding system, such as a turret.
Kernstück der Erfindung ist eine Vorrichtung 1. Teile der Vorrichtung 1 sind teilweise mit dem rücklaufenden Bodenstück 2 und teilweise mit der Wiege 5 verbunden. Insbesondere eine Auslöseeinrichtung 31 zur Auslösung der Vorrichtung 1 ist in einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung an der Wiege 5 angeordnet.The core of the invention is a device 1. Parts of the device 1 are partly connected to the returning
Die Vorrichtung 1 umfasst zumindest eine Bodenplatte 21, die über ein lineares Profil 11 als Führungsbahn(en) eines Mittels 10 verfügt. Das Mittel 10 ist mit einer Brücke 20 derart verbunden, dass über die Brücke 20 das Mittel 10 entlang des linearen Profils 11 verschiebbar ist.The device 1 comprises at least one
Mit Hilfe von oberen und unteren Endanschlägen 34, 37 der Bodenplatte 21 und der an dem Mittel 10 angebrachten Brücke 20 ist ein Verfahrweg des Mittels 10 in eine Anfangsposition (37,
Die Brücke 20 weist zumindest einen Zapfen 24 auf. Dieser kann mittig eingebunden sein. Dieser Zapfen 24 wirkt mit zumindest einer Fangeinrichtung 13 zusammen. Am unteren Ende des Zapfens 24 ist eine Kontur 25 eingebracht, die mit einer Gegenkontur der Fangeinrichtung 13 eine formschlüssige Rastung schafft. Die Fangeinrichtung 13 verfügt über einen parallel zur Rohrseelenachse 9 verschiebbaren und bevorzugt federbelasteten Haltebügel 27, der zum Zapfen 24 ausgerichtet durch einen am Bodenstück 2 montierten Bügelhalter 28 gehalten und linear geführt werden kann. Die auf den Haltebügel 27 wirkende Federkraft 30 wirken hierbei in Richtung Waffenrohrmündung. Auf der vorderen Innenseite des Haltebügels 27 ist eine Gegenkontur zur Kontur 25 eingebracht.The
Bevorzugt werden jedoch zwei Zapfen 24 an den beiden Außenseiten der Brücke 20, an deren unteren Enden sich jeweils zumindest eine Kontur 25 befindet, sowie zwei Fangeinrichtungen 13, 26. Die beiden Fangeinrichtungen 13, 26 verfügen über parallel zur Rohrseelenachse 9 verschiebbare und federbelastete Haltebügel 27, welche durch zwei am Bodenstück 2 montierte Bügelhalter 28, 29 gehalten und linear geführt werden. Die auf die Haltebügel 27 wirkenden Federkräfte 30 wirken hierbei in Richtung Waffenrohrmündung. Auf der vorderen Innenseite der beiden Haltebügel 27 ist eine Gegenkontur eingebracht, die genau in der Kontur 25 der beiden Brückenzapfen 24 greift und somit die Brücke 20 in der unteren Anfangsposition (37) sichert.However, preference is given to two
Mit Hilfe der Kontur 25 und den unter dem Bodenstück 2 angebrachten Fangeinrichtung(en) 13, 26 wird das federbelastete Mittel 10 in der unteren Anfangsposition gehalten.The spring-loaded
Zur Bestätigung dieser Position befindet sich eine um die Achse 38 schwenkbare drehfederbelastete Schaltwippe 19 am rechten Bügelhalter 29. Die Schaltwippe 19 wird durch eine vordere Spitze des rechten Bügelzapfens 24 in der nach oben geschwenkten Position gedrückt. In dieser Stellung befindet sich die rechte Seite der Schaltwippe 19 im Erfassungsbereich des an der Wiege 5 montierten Sensors 15, wodurch ein entsprechendes Signal an eine Systemsteuerung, beispielsweise der Waffenanlage 100, weitergegeben wird. Der Sensor 15 kann induktiver Natur sein.To confirm this position, there is a torsion spring-loaded
Zur Auslösung des/der verschiebbaren Haltebügel(s) 27, einer Verschiebung entgegen der Richtung der Waffenrohrmündung, befindet sich unterhalb des Bodenstücks 2 eine elektromechanische Auslöseeinheit 31. Mit Hilfe der Halteplatte 18 kann die Auslöseeinheit 31 auf/an der Wiege 5 fixiert werden. Die Halteplatte 18 hat die Aufgabe, einen Aktuator 14 aufzunehmen und einen längs zur Rohrseelenachse verschiebbaren Öffnerbügel 17 in seiner Bahn zu führen und zu halten. Der Öffnerbügel 17 wird durch die Federkräfte 38 vorgespannten Federelemente in Richtung Waffenrohrmündung belastet und durch eine mechanisch bewegliche Verbindung 32 zum Aktuator 14 in seiner Anfangsposition begrenzt und gesichert.An electromechanical triggering
Nachdem der Treibladungsansetzer den Ladungsraum 4 verlassen hat, kann nun der Aktuator 14 der Auslöseeinheit 31 angesteuert werden, um eine parallel zur Rohrseelenachse 9 und entgegen der Rohrmündung gerichtete Zugkraft 33 zu erzeugen. Die Zugkraft 33 wird über die mechanisch bewegliche Verbindung 32 an den längs zur Rohrseelenachse 9 verschiebbaren Öffnerbügel 17 weiter geleitet. Hierdurch wird dieser in Richtung der beiden verschiebbaren Haltebügel 27 gedrückt, wodurch sich diese nach einem gewissen Weg ebenfalls entgegen ihrer Federkräfte 30 bis hin zu den Endanschlägen der beiden Bügelhalter 28, 29 verschieben (
Nachdem der Ladevorgang abgeschlossen ist, schließt der Verschlusskeil 3 und bewegt sich zurück in seine untere Position, wodurch der Ladungsraum 4 durch den Verschlusskeil verschlossen wird. Während dieser Bewegung nach Unten treffen nach einem gewissen Weg die beiden Unterseiten 39 des Verschlusskeils 3 auf die beiden Kontaktflächen 36 links und rechts der Brücke 20 auf, wodurch diese und damit auch das verbundene Mittel 10 mit nach unten verschoben werden (
Bei Schussabgabe entsteht ein Waffenrücklauf, wodurch die rücklaufenden Teile nach hinten beschleunigt werden. Im Bereich der Vorrichtung 1 sind diese Teile die bodenstückseitig befestigten Bauteile Bodenplatte 21 samt Mittel 10 und Brücke 20 sowie die beiden Fangeinrichtungen 13, 26 mit der dazugehörigen Schaltwippe 19. Die am Bodenstück 2 befestigten Bauteile der Vorrichtung 1 sind so angeordnet, dass diese sich bei der Schussabgabe nicht verschieben. Die wiegenseitig montierten Bauteile, zu denen die gesamte Auslöseeinheit 31 mit Öffnerbügel 17, die Halteplatte 18 sowie der induktive Sensor 15 gehören, erfahren keine Beschleunigung durch den Waffenrücklauf.When a shot is fired, the weapon recoils, which accelerates the receding parts backwards. In the area of device 1, these parts are the
Nachdem die rücklaufenden Massen der Waffenanlage 100 zurückgelaufen sind, laufen diese wieder vor und öffnen dabei den Verschlusskeil 3, sodass dieser bei vollständig vorlaufender Waffe geöffnet ist und den Ladungsraum 4 freigibt. Die beiden Kontaktflächen 36 der Brücke 20 werden hierdurch entlastet. Die Brücke 20 und damit das Mittel 10 werden vollständig durch die eingerasteten Konturen 25 der beiden Brückenzapfen 24 und Haltebügel 27 in der unteren Position gehalten (
- 11
- Vorrichtungcontraption
- 22
- Bodenstückground piece
- 33
- Verschlusselement, VerschlusskeilClosing element, locking wedge
- 44
- Ladungsraumcargo space
- 55
- Wiegecradle
- 66
- Geschossbullet
- 77
- Treibladung, TreibladungsmodulePropellant charge, propellant charge modules
- 88th
- AbsatzUnit volume
- 99
- Rohrseelenachsepipe core axis
- 1010
- Mittel, Gabelmedium, fork
- 1111
- Profil, Führungsbahnprofile, track
- 1212
- Federelement, Federelementespring element, spring elements
- 1313
- Fangeinrichtungcapture device
- 1414
- Aktuatoractuator
- 1515
- Sensor, z.B. induktiver SensorSensor, e.g. inductive sensor
- 1616
- Geschützrohrgun barrel
- 1717
- Öffnerbügelopener bracket
- 1818
- Haltelattesupport bar
- 1919
- Schaltwippepaddle shifter
- 2020
- BrückeBridge
- 2121
- Bodenplattebottom plate
- 2222
- Schraubescrew
- 2323
- KraftPower
- 2424
- Zapfen, Bügelzapfentrunnion, trunnion
- 2525
- Konturcontour
- 2626
- Fangeinrichtungcapture device
- 2727
- Haltebügelmounting bracket
- 2828
- Bügelhalter, linksBracket holder, left
- 2929
- Bügelhalter, rechtsBracket holder, right
- 3030
- Federkraft,spring force,
- 3131
- Auslöseeinheittrigger unit
- 3232
- Verbindung, beweglichconnection, moveable
- 3333
- Zugkrafttraction
- 3434
- Endanschlag, obenend stop, above
- 3535
- Finger, Gabelfingers, fork
- 3636
- Kontaktflächencontact surfaces
- 3737
- Endanschlag, untenend stop, below
- 3838
- Federkraftspring force
- 3939
- Unterseite VerschlusskeilUnderside locking wedge
- 100100
- Waffenanlageweapon system
Claims (15)
- Apparatus (1) for securing ammunition or a propellant charge (7) in a charge space (4) of a weapon system (100), comprising a base plate (21) having a profile (11) for guiding a means for securing the ammunition or propellant charge (10), the base plate (21) having upper and lower end stops (34, 37) defining a travel path of the means for securing the ammunition or propellant charge (10),
characterized in that the means for securing the ammunition or propellant charge (10) is connected to a bridge (20) such that the means for securing the ammunition or propellant charge (10) is displaceable along the profile (11) via the bridge (20). - Apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one pocket for receiving a spring element (12) is provided on an underside of the bridge (20).
- Apparatus (1) according to claim 2,
characterized in that two pockets are provided for each receiving a spring element (12). - Apparatus (1) according to claim 2 or claim 3,
characterized in that the spring element (12) can be rolled up flat, is a tension spring or is a gas spring. - Apparatus (1) according to any of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that at least one catch device (13, 26) is provided, which is designed to secure the means (10) in a lower position. - Apparatus (1) according to any of claims 2 to 5,
characterized in that the bridge (20) has at least one pin (24), with a contour (25) or a magnet being introduced at or attached to the lower end. - Apparatus (1) according to claim 5 or claim 6,
characterized in that the at least one catch device (13, 26) comprises a displaceable and spring-loaded holding bracket (27) parallel to the tube bore axis (9), the retaining bracket (27) being held and linearly guided by a bracket holder (28, 29). - Apparatus (1) according to claim 7,
characterized in that a counter contour or a magnet is introduced or attached in a front inner face of the holding bracket (27). - Apparatus (1) according to any of claims 1 to 8,
characterized by a trigger unit (31) which is designed to be remote-controllable. - Apparatus (1) according to claim 9,
characterized in that the trigger unit (31) is electromechanical. - Apparatus (1) according to claim 9 or claim 10,
characterized in that the trigger unit (31) comprises at least one actuator (14), which is fixed on a holding plate (18). - Apparatus (1) according to any of claims 9 to 11,
characterized in that at least one opening bracket (17) is provided, the at least one opening bracket (17) being designed such that it effects the triggering of the at least one displaceable holding bracket (27). - Apparatus (1) according to claim 12,
characterized in that a mechanically movable connection (32) is provided for limiting and securing the opening bracket (17) in its initial position. - Apparatus (1) according to any of claims 1 to 13,
characterized by a sensor (15) which is designed such that it senses a securing of the means (10) in a secured initial position. - Weapon system (100) comprising at least one barrel (16) having a charge space (4), a base piece (2) and a bolt element (3), the barrel (16) being connected to the base piece (2) and being movably mounted in a cradle (5), characterized by an apparatus (1) according to any of claims 1 to 14 located in the region of a tube plate of the barrel (16) on the base piece (2),
the apparatus (1) being able to partially close the charge space (4).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102020106157.9A DE102020106157B4 (en) | 2020-03-06 | 2020-03-06 | Device for securing ammunition or propellant charge, as well as a weapon system with such a device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3875882A1 EP3875882A1 (en) | 2021-09-08 |
EP3875882B1 true EP3875882B1 (en) | 2023-07-26 |
Family
ID=74191590
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP21152302.2A Active EP3875882B1 (en) | 2020-03-06 | 2021-01-19 | Device for securing a munition or propellant charge and weapon system comprising such a device |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3875882B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102020106157B4 (en) |
DK (1) | DK3875882T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2961317T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HUE064000T2 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3875882T3 (en) |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR931240A (en) | 1948-02-20 | |||
FR566410A (en) | 1922-08-08 | 1924-02-14 | Schneider & Cie | Device for loading and discharging projectiles for guns |
DE687724C (en) * | 1930-09-13 | 1940-02-03 | Rheinmetall Borsig Akt Ges | Loading device for guns |
US3474560A (en) * | 1968-04-04 | 1969-10-28 | Olin Mathieson | Caseless cartridge chamber-sleeve ejector and binary feed system |
SE413264B (en) | 1976-03-31 | 1980-05-12 | Bofors Ab | CHARGING DEVICE AT AN ELECTRIC WEAPON |
CH667719A5 (en) * | 1985-10-23 | 1988-10-31 | Oerlikon Buehrle Ag | Weapon with wedge action breech block - uses pin sensing extraction groove on cartridge to release insertion arm and breech block |
DE102005029413A1 (en) | 2005-06-24 | 2006-12-28 | Kraus-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Propellant feed system |
DE102010017809A1 (en) | 2010-07-08 | 2012-01-12 | Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Loading device and method for loading a weapon with divided ammunition and gun with a weapon and a loading device |
DE102010038233A1 (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2012-04-19 | Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method and apparatus for attaching a projectile and a propellant separate from the projectile into the cargo space of a weapon |
DE102011050637B4 (en) | 2011-05-26 | 2019-10-31 | Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Loading device for loading a weapon, weapon and method for operating a weapon |
DE102011050937A1 (en) | 2011-06-08 | 2012-12-13 | ThyssenKrupp Fördertechnik GmbH | conveyor belt system |
DE102012108834A1 (en) | 2012-09-19 | 2014-03-20 | Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Propellant charge applicator, weapon and method of applying propellants |
-
2020
- 2020-03-06 DE DE102020106157.9A patent/DE102020106157B4/en active Active
-
2021
- 2021-01-19 EP EP21152302.2A patent/EP3875882B1/en active Active
- 2021-01-19 PL PL21152302.2T patent/PL3875882T3/en unknown
- 2021-01-19 ES ES21152302T patent/ES2961317T3/en active Active
- 2021-01-19 DK DK21152302.2T patent/DK3875882T3/en active
- 2021-01-19 HU HUE21152302A patent/HUE064000T2/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HUE064000T2 (en) | 2024-02-28 |
ES2961317T3 (en) | 2024-03-11 |
DE102020106157A1 (en) | 2021-09-09 |
PL3875882T3 (en) | 2024-01-15 |
DK3875882T3 (en) | 2023-10-23 |
DE102020106157B4 (en) | 2021-11-04 |
EP3875882A1 (en) | 2021-09-08 |
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