Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A46—BRUSHWARE
  • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
  • A46D3/00—Preparing, i.e. Manufacturing brush bodies
  • A46D3/06—Machines for both drilling bodies and inserting bristles
  • A46D3/065—Machines for both drilling bodies and inserting bristles of the belt or chain type
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A46—BRUSHWARE
  • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
  • A46D3/00—Preparing, i.e. Manufacturing brush bodies
  • A46D3/08—Parts of brush-making machines

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for manufacturing brushes and a brush manufacturing machine.
• a brush base body In the production of brushes, for example toothbrushes, household brushes or even brushes, it is common for a brush base body to be guided one after the other to different processing stations, at each of which a specific processing step is carried out. For example, several holes can be drilled in the brush base body at one processing station and bundles of bristles are stuffed into the holes at a subsequent work station.
• slides are usually used which run along a predetermined path in such a way that the basic bristle bodies arranged on them are successively offered to the various stations for processing.
• the brush manufacturing machine has a loading station, a drilling station, a tamping station and a removal station. Then four slides can be used, which are adjusted one station for each cycle of the brush manufacturing machine.
• the slides are usually attached to a drive element such as a common carrier or a chain, which adjusts all the slides together.
• a drive element such as a common carrier or a chain
• a brush manufacturing machine is known from DE 10 2014 103 599 A1, which is characterized by very short cycle times and thus high productivity. This known machine is described below with reference to Figures 1 to 3.
• the brush manufacturing machine has a guide block 10, along which a plurality of carriages 12 can be adjusted all round.
• a plurality of processing stations 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24 are arranged around the guide block 10. When the carriages 12 are moved around the guide block 10, they move past the processing stations.
• the guide block 10 is provided with a guide 26, the function of which is to move the carriage 12 on the guide block 10 so that it can move.
• the guide 26 is intended in particular to ensure that the slides 12 are guided precisely and with as little tolerance as possible.
• the guide 26 can be designed, for example, as a guide rail on which the slides 12 are guided with rollers, roller bearings or similar elements.
• a drive device 28 is provided, with which each carriage can be moved individually and individually around the guide block 10.
• the only limitation of the individual movability of the sledges is that no sled can overtake the other. Otherwise, each slide can be moved individually and independently of the other slide in terms of travel and speed.
• the drive device 28 can be formed, for example, by a drive motor on each slide 12, which is coupled to a drive element, for example a drive wheel or a gearwheel, which in turn interacts with a corresponding counter element of the central guide block 10, for example a track or a rack.
• the Antriebsvor direction 28 can also be designed as a linear motor, which is assigned to the carriage and adjusts this without contact relative to the guide block 10.
• the drive device 28 can also be formed by a plurality of belt drives with which the slides can be individually adjusted.
• At least one clamping device 30 for a brush base body 32 is attached to each slide 12.
• two clamping devices 30 are used per slide. If necessary, more clamping devices can be provided.
• Each tensioning device 30 can be pivoted or tilted about two axes.
• a swivel device 36 is provided, with which each clamping device 30 can be swiveled about a swivel axis S.
• the pivot axis S is aligned parallel to the direction of adjustment of the slide.
• a tilting device 38 is provided, with which the tensioning device 30 can be tilted about a tilting axis K.
• the tilt axis K is perpendicular to the adjustment direction V of the slide 12.
• a height adjustment 40 is provided, with which the carrier 34 can be adjusted in the vertical direction relative to the carriage 12, that is to say in the direction of the double arrow H.
• the height adjustment 40 adjusts the carrier 34 in the vertical direction, that is to say upwards and downwards.
• the tilting device 38 can tilt the associated clamping device 30 clockwise and counterclockwise around the tilting axis K (see also the double arrow K in FIG. 1).
• the pivoting device 36 can pivot the clamping device 30 assigned to it in a clockwise and counterclockwise direction with respect to the pivot axis S (see also the double arrow S in FIG. 2).
• a control 48 shown schematically here, is provided to adjust the slides 12 along the guide 26 and can be freely programmed in the desired manner. Depending on the desired processing steps, the controller 48 controls the speed and the steps with which the slides 12 move along the guide 26.
• the processing stations can carry out different processing steps.
• the processing station 14 can be a loading station, in which empty clamping devices 30 are equipped with brush base bodies 32 to be processed.
• the processing station 16 here is a drilling station in which a drill 50 is used to drill holes in the brush base body 32 with a reciprocating movement along the direction of the double arrow B.
• the necessary longitudinal adjustment of the brush base body 32 that is to say along the adjustment direction V of the slide 12 on the guide 26, takes place in that the slide 12 is adjusted in small steps relative to the machining station 16 by means of the drive device 28, specifically for each column of holes to be drilled Holes around the hole spacing.
• the brush base 32 are adjusted by means of the height adjustment 40, for each row of holes to be drilled by the hole spacing. If the holes in the brush base body 32 are to be drilled in directions that are not parallel to one another, the brush base body 32 is pivoted and / or tilted in a suitable manner by means of the pivoting device 36 and the tilting device 38.
• the processing station 18 here is a tamping station, in which a tamping tool 52 in a reciprocating movement along the double arrow P stuffs bundles of bristles 60, which are kept ready in a storage box 54, into the holes in the brush base body 32.
• the brush base body 32 is positioned relative to the stuffing tool 52 by suitably actuating the drive device 28, the height adjustment 40, the swivel device 36 and the tilting device 38.
• the processing station 20 can be a removal station in which the brush base body 32 provided with bristle bundles is removed from the clamping device 30 or even ejected.
• further processing stations can be used.
• a trimming station can be provided in which the bristles 60 attached to the brush base body 32 are cut and / or ground in order to obtain a desired length and / or a desired profile.
• the removal station 20, viewed in the adjustment direction V, will of course be arranged behind the trimming station.
• the brush manufacturing machine can be coupled to an injection molding station, so that in an adjacent injection molding station the brush bodies are first injection molded or additional parts are injection molded onto previously produced brush bodies. These brush bodies are then transported manually or, preferably fully automatically, to the brush production machine from the injection molding station and are coupled into the brush production machine in the loading station. This can be done in different ways. If the carriers do not leave the brush making machine, the brush bodies in the brush making machine are inserted into the carriers. In addition, the carriers could also be used in the loading station in the manufacturing machine already loaded. In the embodiment shown, however, it is the case that the carriers circulate in the brush production machine and thus do not leave it.
• FIG. 3 shows the tamping tool 52 which is just tending the last holes in the brush base body 32A with bundles of bristles. Since the bristles 60, viewed in the plan view of FIG. 3, are arranged in a fan shape, the bristle base body 32 must be tilted clockwise about the tilt axis K when it is guided past the tamping tool 52 from left to right.
• the bristle base body 32B to be machined next is correspondingly prepositioned by being counterclockwise tilted from a neutral position into the position shown before the carriage 12B carrying it reaches the machining station 18. In this position, the longitudinal axis L of the first hole of the brush base body B to be plugged is aligned parallel to the plug direction P of the plug tool 52.
• This pre-positioning can take place on the one hand during the infeed movement from one processing station to the next, or by stopping briefly directly in front of the following processing station. This depends above all on how far the processing stations are from each other and how time-consuming the pre-positioning is, which in turn also depends on the geometry of the brush to be produced.
• the carriage 12A is moved further in the adjustment direction V, and at the same time the slide 12B is also moved further in the adjustment direction V. Since the brush base body 32B is already “correctly” aligned, the stuffing tool 52 can continue working without a time delay. In practice, the brush base body 32B in the prepositioned state can be brought much closer to the currently processed brush base body 32A than is shown in FIG. 3. Then, when the processing proceeds from the brush base body 32A to the brush base body 32B, the brush base body 32B only has to be adjusted minimally in the longitudinal direction (that is to say in the adjustment direction V).
• the necessary adjustment movement is so small that the tamping tool can continue to work without interruption and the adjustment does not, or in any case not noticeably, differ from the adjustment that is necessary from hole to hole when tamping one and the same bristle base body.
• the cycle rate with which the brush base body can be drilled and then fitted with bristles depends on the “slowest” of the two stations, drilling and plugging; Since as many holes have to be drilled per plug base as there are to be plugged, neither of these two stations can work faster than the other. If it does, it must then wait until processing at the other station is complete. It has been found that drilling the holes is currently the "bottleneck". In view of the fact that the drilling chips have to be removed from the hole and that the material cannot be processed as quickly as desired (there is a risk that the material will melt with plastic brush base bodies), the machining limits have currently been reached with conventional drills and conventional drilling techniques.
• the object of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing brushes and a brush manufacturing machine with which the processing speed can be increased further.
• a method for brush production by means of a brush manufacturing machine is provided according to the invention, which has a guide, along which several carriages can be successively moved to several drilling stations and then to at least one tamping station, the drilling stations being operated simultaneously with the at least one tamping station and wherein the number of drilling cycles that each drilling station makes per unit of time is equal to the number of tamping cycles of the at least one tamping station in the same unit of time divided by the ratio of the number of drilling stations to the number of tamping stations.
• a brush manufacturing machine in particular for carrying out the aforementioned method, with a guide, a plurality of slides which can accommodate one or more brush base bodies and are adjustably received on the guide, a plurality of drilling stations and a tamping station, the Guidance along the plurality of drilling stations and then along the tamping station, and with a controller having a cycle divider module that steps down a cycle speed of the tamping station into a cycle speed of each drilling station that is an nth of the cycle speed of the drilling station, where n is the number of Drilling stations in relation to the number of tamping stations.
• the invention is based on the basic idea of dividing the work of drilling the holes in the brush base body over two or more drilling stations and reducing the cycle speed of the drilling stations in accordance with the ratio of drilling stations to tamping stations. This allows using the holes Drill two-thirds of the cycle speed (if there are three drilling stations and two tamping stations), half the cycle speed (if there are twice as many drilling stations as there are tamping stations) or a third, a quarter, ... of the cycle speed (if three, four, .. Drilling stations are available) with which tamping is carried out. This leaves enough time to drill the holes with standard drills without having to resort to elaborate techniques that could further increase the drilling speed.
• Cycle speed means the rate at which a cycle (for example plugging a hole or drilling a hole) can be carried out. For example, if there are two drilling stations at a tamping station, a cycle speed of 50 holes / sec. when drilling and a cycle speed of 100 holes / sec. can be used when stuffing. Accordingly, “cycle ratio” means the ratio of the number of different stations to each other and the resulting reduction in the cycle speed of the drilling stations in relation to the cycle speed of the tamping stations.
• the hole pattern drilled by one of the drilling stations corresponds to the hole pattern drilled by the other drilling station, shifted by a row of holes. This reduces the effort involved in programming the drilling scheme because the drills for the two drilling stations can be adjusted synchronously. At most, a small adjustment of the orientation of the brush base body is necessary if the orientation of the holes drilled at the same time differs from one another.
• the drilling stations can be operated synchronously with each other.
• the slides are preferably further adjusted simultaneously within the two drilling stations and the tamping station, that is to say synchronously from the first drilling station to the next, from the second to either the next or to the tamping station, and from the tamping station to a further processing station. This reduces the cycle times for the completion of a brush.
• Figure 1 shows a brush manufacturing machine from the prior art in a schematic plan view
• Figure 2 shows schematically a section along the line II-II of Figure 1;
• FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of a processing station with a currently processed bristle base body and a prepositioned bristle base body to be subsequently processed
• Figure 4 is a schematic plan view of a brush manufacturing machine according to the invention.
• FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of a brush manufacturing machine according to the invention.
• the same reference numerals are used for the components known from FIGS. 1 to 3, and reference is made to the above explanations in this respect.
• the difference between the brush manufacturing machine shown in FIG. 4 and the brush manufacturing machine shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is that in the embodiment according to FIG. 4 there are two drilling stations, namely a drilling station 16A and a drilling station 16B.
• the two drilling stations 16A, 16B like the tamping station 18, are controlled by a controller 48.
• the cycle divider module serves to specify the cycle speed for the two drilling stations 16A, 16A, in a fixed reduction ratio relative to the cycle speed of the tamping station 18. This reduction ratio corresponds to the ratio of the number of drilling stations to the number of tamping stations.
• a tamping station 18 and two drilling stations 16A, 16B are used. Accordingly, the cycle divider module 49 reduces the cycle speed of the tamping station 18 in a ratio of 2: 1. In other words, the cycle speed of the drilling stations 16A, 16B is half the cycle speed of the tamping station.
• the reduction ratio can be set depending on the configuration of the machine, but is constant during the operation of the machine.
• each drilling station 16A, 16B drills half of the holes that have to be drilled in a brush base body 32.
• the brush base bodies 32 are moved synchronously with one another in the drilling stations 16A, 16B, so that the drilling station 16A bores the holes 1, 3, 5, 7,... Of a row of holes in a brush base body 32, while the drilling station 16B holes 2, 4, 6, 8, ... in the same row of holes in another
• Brush body 32 drills.
• the order in which one half of the holes are drilled by the drilling station 16A differs from the order in which the drilling station 16B drills “their” half of the holes.
• all drilling stations are operated synchronously, that is to say drilling the same complete hole pattern simultaneously. This is explained below using FIG. 4. Looking at a particular brush body being moved along the guide, it first encounters the drilling station 16B. This drills (in this example at half the cycle speed like the stuffing station 18) all the holes that have to be drilled on a bristle base. It begins, for example, on the left side of the brush base body 32 and first drills all holes on the left side.
• the carriage is moved further so that a new brush base body 32 is fed to the drilling station 16B. Since the drilling station 16B always drills a complete hole pattern, the holes are now drilled on the right half of the brush body 32, but on a “new” brush body.
• the “old” brush base body 32 has been transported to the drilling station 16A, where the holes on the right half of the old brush base body are now drilled.
• each drilling station 16A is now drilling the holes on the left side of the next brush body, while drilling station 16B is drilling the holes on the right side of a "new" brush body. It is crucial that each drilling station has as much time available for drilling “its” holes as the tamping station needs to fill all holes in a brush base body 32 with bristles.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
• Brushes (AREA)
• Soil Working Implements (AREA)
• Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
• Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=68290226

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Family Cites Families (8)

• 2018
  • 2018-10-30 DE DE102018127030.5A patent/DE102018127030A1/de active Pending
• 2019
  • 2019-10-15 WO PCT/EP2019/077976 patent/WO2020088930A1/de unknown
  • 2019-10-15 BR BR112021006247A patent/BR112021006247A2/pt unknown
  • 2019-10-15 EP EP19790172.1A patent/EP3873297A1/de active Pending
  • 2019-10-15 CN CN201980070582.1A patent/CN112955052B/zh active Active
  • 2019-10-23 TW TW108138178A patent/TWI816917B/zh active

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