EP3869527B1 - Appareil de commutation pourvu d'au moins deux zones d'effacement en communication l'une avec l'autre - Google Patents

Appareil de commutation pourvu d'au moins deux zones d'effacement en communication l'une avec l'autre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3869527B1
EP3869527B1 EP21157513.9A EP21157513A EP3869527B1 EP 3869527 B1 EP3869527 B1 EP 3869527B1 EP 21157513 A EP21157513 A EP 21157513A EP 3869527 B1 EP3869527 B1 EP 3869527B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching device
extinguishing
switching
arc
area
Prior art date
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Application number
EP21157513.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3869527A1 (fr
Inventor
Korbinian Kreuzpointner
Andrej Ignatov
Martin GESCHKE
Johannes Schmid
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Schaltbau GmbH
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Schaltbau GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3869527A1 publication Critical patent/EP3869527A1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/342—Venting arrangements for arc chutes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/53—Cases; Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluid; Accessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/36—Metal parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/546—Contact arrangements for contactors having bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H01H9/443—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using permanent magnets

Definitions

  • a generic switching device comprises closable contacts and an arcing chamber assigned to the contacts, which has a first arcing area and a second arcing area arranged directly next to the first arcing area, the first arcing area and the second arcing area being connected by are spatially separated from one another by a partition, and the switching device is designed in such a way that a switching arc that occurs when the contacts open is always blown away from the point of origin in one of the two quenching areas by means of an arc blowing device of the switching device and is extinguished, while the other of the both extinguishing areas is not used for extinguishing.
  • a switching device is off U.S. 5,004,874 known.
  • This publication describes a bidirectional contactor in which, depending on the direction of the current, one of the two quenching areas is used, while the other quenching area is not used.
  • Switching devices are used in various areas. There is a general trend towards ever smaller and lighter switching devices. In order to avoid damage to neighboring parts and to be able to comply with the ever more stringent safety regulations, it is necessary to prevent plasma, which is created by the switching arc during the switch-off process inside the switching device, from escaping to the outside.
  • the object of the present invention is to specify a switching device of the generic type that guarantees a high switching capacity with a compact design, while at the same time it must be ensured that the plasma produced inside the housing due to the switching arc does not escape to the outside.
  • the object is achieved by the features of independent claim 1. Accordingly, in a switching device according to the preamble of independent claim 1, the object is achieved according to the invention if the partition wall between the first extinguishing area and the second extinguishing area has at least one overflow opening which connects the first quenching area to the second quenching area in such a way that plasma, which is generated by the switching arc, can flow from the quenching area in which the switching arc is extinguished into the respective other, unused quenching area.
  • each of the two quenching areas represents a space which has a first end, which is closest to the place where the switching arc occurs, a second end opposite the first end, to which the switching arc is due to the moved towards the action of the arc blowing device, has a first side connecting the first end and the second end to one another, and a second side opposite the first side and also connecting the first end and the second end to one another, the partition wall forming a third side of the space in each case and interconnecting the first end, the second end, the first side, and the second side, and wherein the space further includes a fourth side opposite the partition.
  • the distance between the first side and the second side defines a width of the erasing area
  • the distance between the first end and the second end defines a height of the erasing area
  • the distance between the partition and each fourth side defines a depth of the erasing area.
  • the first end, second end, first side, and second side of the first erasing area correspond in position to the respective ends and sides of the second erasing area. This means, for example, that the first side of the first erasing area coincides with the first side of the second erasing area or is only separated from the first side of the second erasing area by the partition.
  • the direction of movement of the switching arc in the first quenching area which is predetermined due to the arc blowing device, runs essentially parallel to the direction of movement of a switching arc to be extinguished in the second quenching area.
  • the arc blowing device ensures that the switching arc, regardless of whether the switching arc is in the first extinguishing region or in the is extinguished in the second extinguishing area is always blown away in the same direction from the place of its origin.
  • essentially parallel means a deviation of at most 15°, preferably of at most 10°, more preferably of at most 5°. More preferably, there is parallelism.
  • the arc blowing device is designed in such a way that the direction of movement of the switching arc runs essentially parallel to the partition wall.
  • essentially parallel also means a deviation of at most 15°, preferably of at most 10°, more preferably of at most 5° and particularly preferably of 0°.
  • the arc blowing device is designed in such a way that a longitudinal extent of the switching arc runs essentially parallel to the partition.
  • This embodiment also contributes to a compact design.
  • essentially parallel also means a deviation of at most 15°, preferably of at most 10°, more preferably of at most 5° and particularly preferably of 0°.
  • each erasing area is formed by side walls.
  • the overflow opening is formed on the first side and/or on the second side in the partition.
  • the overflow opening(s) is/are preferably located only on the outside on the first side and/or the second side.
  • the central region of the partition wall viewed in the width direction preferably has no overflow opening, at least near the first end. More preferably, the central region of the partition wall, viewed in the width direction, has no overflow opening at least between the first end and preferably provided extinguishing elements arranged at the second end.
  • the central region of the partition without an overflow opening, viewed in the width direction more preferably occupies at least 70% of the width measured between the first side and the second side. This ensures an effective separation between the two extinguishing areas.
  • the overflow opening is formed in a section of the partition wall that faces the first end and faces away from the second end. This also contributes to an effective separation of the two extinguishing areas and leads to an advantageous flow behavior through the overflow opening.
  • quenching elements are arranged in each of the two quenching areas, into which the switching arc is driven by means of the arc blowing device and thereby extinguished.
  • the erasing elements are preferably arranged at or near the second end.
  • the extinguishing elements preferably protrude from the partition or extend between the partition and the respectively opposite fourth wall of the respective extinguishing area.
  • the overflow opening preferably as an additional overflow opening in addition to the overflow openings described above, is formed in the partition between the extinguishing elements and a cover or a housing wall of the switching device at the second end. This ensures that plasma can flow through the additional overflow opening from the currently used extinguishing area into the unused extinguishing area. A back pressure generated by the plasma is reduced or eliminated by the overflow opening, so that the switching arc can continue to lengthen, which leads to a higher breaking capacity.
  • the overflow opening preferably extends essentially over the entire width of the two extinguishing areas measured between the first side and the second side, so that the partition wall (13) actually ends at the height of the extinguishing elements.
  • a particularly advantageous flow behavior or a particularly advantageous gas exchange between the two extinguishing areas is achieved.
  • essentially over the entire width of the two erasing areas measured between the first side and the second side means at least 80%, preferably 90%, particularly preferably 100% of the width of the respective erasing area.
  • the switching device is not hermetically sealed on the other hand, so that a pressure equalization with the environment, for example through gaps in a housing of the switching device, is possible.
  • the switching device is a bidirectional switching device, with one of the two quenching areas being used depending on the current direction. More preferably, the switching device according to the invention is a contactor.
  • figure 1 shows a perspective view of a switching device 1 according to the invention.
  • figure 1 both the front of the housing facing the viewer and the left housing wall are not shown. For the same reason, the front view of the case has also been changed to figure 2 not shown.
  • the switching device 1 has two fixed contacts 2, 3, which can be electrically connected to one another by means of a contact bridge 4.
  • the drive of the contact bridge 4 is not important for the present invention and was therefore also not shown in detail.
  • the two fixed contacts 2, 3 protrude laterally from the housing 7 of the switching device 1 according to the invention and thus simultaneously form the connection contacts of the switching device.
  • a switching arc 20 occurs, the base point of which on the contact bridge side is caused to jump to the opposite fixed contact by means of a correspondingly designed arc blowing device.
  • the switching arc 20 is subsequently driven by the arc blowing device into the arcing chamber above the two fixed contacts 2, 3 and extinguished there.
  • the quenching chamber is divided by a partition 13 into a front, first quenching area 5 and a rear, second quenching area 6.
  • the switching device shown is a bidirectional switching device.
  • the base of one of the two switching arcs jumps from the contact bridge to the opposite fixed contact, which leads to the extinction of the other switching arc.
  • the remaining switching arc 20 is located either in front of or behind the partition wall 13, so that depending on the direction of the current, either the first quenching area 5 or the second quenching area 6 is used to extinguish the switching arc. This means that one of the two extinguishing areas is not used during the shutdown process.
  • the two quenching areas 5 and 6 of the quenching chamber essentially have a cuboid volume and begin above the two fixed contacts 2 and 3.
  • the two fixed contacts 2 and 3 thus mark a lower first end 9 of the respective quenching area.
  • the arc blowing device is designed in such a way that it drives the switching arc 20 from the first end 9 of the quenching area to the opposite second end 10 of the respective quenching area, which in turn is formed by the housing top 17 .
  • the housing wall on the left marks a first side 11 of the two extinguishing areas, the right-hand housing wall marks the opposite second side 12 of the two extinguishing areas.
  • the partition wall 13 forms a third side of each of the two erasing areas.
  • Each extinguishing area 5, 6 also has a partition wall opposite fourth page 14, which is formed by the respective housing front and rear housing, which is particularly in the Figures 3 and 4 is shown.
  • Each of the two quenching areas 5, 6 has several quenching elements into which the switching arc is driven and thereby extinguished.
  • the extinguishing elements protrude from the upper end of the partition 13 or each extend between the partition and the opposite side of the housing.
  • the exemplary embodiment shown involves, on the one hand, simple quenching plates 15 and, on the other hand, cylindrical permanent magnets 16, each of which is encased in a protective sleeve, attracting the switching arc and at the same time acting as quenching elements or quenching magnets.
  • the rear second erasing area 6 also has corresponding erasing elements 15 and 16, which is particularly evident figure 4 emerges.
  • the actually used quenching space of the two quenching areas 5 and 6 ends at the height of the quenching elements 15 and 16 since the switching arc 20 is extinguished by the quenching elements 15 and 16 if it is not already extinguished on the way to the quenching elements.
  • Housing ribs 18 are provided above the extinguishing elements 15 and 16 on the housing side. These protrude inwards from the top of the housing and extend over the entire depth of the two quenching areas 5 and 6. They prevent the switching arc from re-igniting above the quenching elements 15 and 16.
  • the switching device 1 is a closed switching device.
  • overflow openings 8 are provided in the central partition 13 between the two quenching areas 5 and 6 in the switching device according to the invention.
  • Two such overflow openings 8 are located laterally in the lower area of the partition, ie at the lower first end 9 of the two extinguishing areas.
  • the immediate proximity to the lower end and to the respective side wall 11 or 12 also guarantees an effective separation of the two extinguishing areas, at least as far as unintentional propagation or displacement of the switching arc is concerned.
  • the overflow openings enable a certain gas exchange between the two quenching areas, which makes a decisive contribution to preventing the plasma, which is generated inside the housing due to the switching arc, from escaping to the outside.
  • overflow opening 19 which essentially extends over the entire width of the two extinguishing areas, so that the partition wall 13 actually ends at the level of the extinguishing elements 15, 16.
  • the additional overflow opening 19 reinforces the positive effect described above.

Claims (11)

  1. Appareil de commutation (1) avec des contacts (2, 3, 4) pouvant être fermés et une chambre d'extinction associée aux contacts, qui présente une première zone d'extinction (5) ainsi qu'une seconde zone d'extinction (6) agencée directement à côté de la première zone d'extinction, dans lequel la première zone d'extinction et la seconde zone d'extinction sont séparées spatialement l'une de l'autre par une paroi de séparation (13), et dans lequel l'appareil de commutation (1) est conçu de telle sorte qu'un arc électrique de commutation (20) formé lors de l'ouverture des contacts est toujours soufflé à partir du lieu de sa formation dans l'une des deux zones d'extinction au moyen d'un dispositif de soufflage d'arc électrique de l'appareil de commutation, puis est amené à s'éteindre, tandis que l'autre respective des deux zones d'extinction n'est pas utilisée pour l'extinction, caractérisé en ce que la paroi de séparation (13) présente au moins une ouverture de décharge (8, 19) entre la première zone d'extinction (5) et la seconde zone d'extinction (6), qui relie la première zone d'extinction et la seconde zone d'extinction de telle sorte que du plasma, qui est généré par l'arc électrique de commutation, peut circuler à partir de la zone d'extinction, dans laquelle l'arc électrique de commutation est généré lors de l'extinction, jusque dans l'autre zone d'extinction non protégée, respectivement.
  2. Appareil de commutation (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chacune des deux zones d'extinction (5, 6) représente un espace qui présente une première extrémité (9) qui est la plus proche du lieu de formation de l'arc de commutation, une seconde extrémité (10) opposée à la première extrémité (9), vers laquelle l'arc de commutation se déplace en raison de l'action du dispositif de soufflage d'arc, un premier côté (11) reliant la première extrémité (9) et la seconde extrémité (10) l'une à l'autre, ainsi qu'un deuxième côté (12) opposé au premier côté (11) et reliant également la première extrémité (9) et la seconde extrémité (10) l'une à l'autre, dans lequel la paroi de séparation (13) forme respectivement un troisième côté de l'espace et relie la première extrémité (9), la seconde extrémité (10), le premier côté (11) et le deuxième côté (12), et dans lequel l'espace présente en outre un quatrième côté (14) opposé à la paroi de séparation (13).
  3. Appareil de commutation (1) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture de décharge (8) est formée sur le premier côté (11) et/ou sur le deuxième côté (12) dans la paroi de séparation (13).
  4. Appareil de commutation (1) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'une ouverture de décharge (8) est formée dans la paroi de séparation (13) à la fois sur le premier côté (11) et sur le deuxième côté (12).
  5. Appareil de commutation (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture de déversement (8) est formée dans une section de la paroi de séparation (13) tournée vers la première extrémité (9) et opposée à la seconde extrémité (10).
  6. Appareil de commutation (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que des éléments d'extinction (15, 16) sont agencés au niveau de la seconde extrémité (10) ou à proximité de la seconde extrémité (10), dans lequel l'arc de commutation (20) est entraîné au moyen du dispositif de soufflage d'arc et est ainsi éteint.
  7. Appareil de commutation (1) selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture de décharge (19) est formée, de préférence sous la forme d'une ouverture de décharge supplémentaire (19), entre les éléments d'extinction (15, 16) et un couvercle ou une paroi de boîtier (17) de l'appareil de commutation (1) existant au niveau de la seconde extrémité (10) dans la paroi de séparation (13).
  8. Appareil de commutation (1) selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture de décharge (19) s'étend sensiblement sur toute la largeur des deux zones d'extinction (5, 6) mesurée entre le premier côté (11) et le deuxième côté (12) de telle sorte que la paroi de séparation (13) se termine effectivement au niveau des éléments d'extinction (15, 16).
  9. Appareil de commutation (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'appareil de commutation (1) est réalisé fermé.
  10. Appareil de commutation (1) selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'aucune ouverture de sortie dédiée n'est prévue pour l'arc de commutation (20) et/ou pour le plasma qui est généré par l'arc de commutation (20) à l'intérieur de l'appareil de commutation (1), dans lequel l'appareil de commutation (1) n'est d'autre part pas fermé de manière hermétique, de sorte qu'une compensation de pression avec l'environnement est possible, par exemple par une fente dans un boîtier (7) de l'appareil de commutation.
  11. Appareil de commutation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'appareil de commutation (1) est réalisé comme un appareil de commutation bidirectionnel, dans lequel l'une des deux zones d'extinction (5, 6) est utilisée en fonction de la direction du courant.
EP21157513.9A 2020-02-18 2021-02-17 Appareil de commutation pourvu d'au moins deux zones d'effacement en communication l'une avec l'autre Active EP3869527B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020104258.2A DE102020104258B4 (de) 2020-02-18 2020-02-18 Schaltgerät mit zumindest zwei miteinander kommunizierenden Löschbereichen

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EP3869527A1 EP3869527A1 (fr) 2021-08-25
EP3869527B1 true EP3869527B1 (fr) 2022-07-27

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US (1) US11615929B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3869527B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP7163434B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR102588002B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN113345740A (fr)
DE (1) DE102020104258B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2925309T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL3869527T3 (fr)
TW (1) TWI782407B (fr)

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US11615929B2 (en) 2023-03-28
TW202147365A (zh) 2021-12-16
KR102588002B1 (ko) 2023-10-11
PL3869527T3 (pl) 2022-12-19
ES2925309T3 (es) 2022-10-14
CN113345740A (zh) 2021-09-03
TWI782407B (zh) 2022-11-01
EP3869527A1 (fr) 2021-08-25
JP2021132032A (ja) 2021-09-09
KR20210105829A (ko) 2021-08-27
DE102020104258A1 (de) 2021-08-19
US20210257173A1 (en) 2021-08-19
JP7163434B2 (ja) 2022-10-31
DE102020104258B4 (de) 2022-09-29

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