EP3865599A1 - Charge zur herstellung von ferrosilicium - Google Patents

Charge zur herstellung von ferrosilicium Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3865599A1
EP3865599A1 EP19921060.0A EP19921060A EP3865599A1 EP 3865599 A1 EP3865599 A1 EP 3865599A1 EP 19921060 A EP19921060 A EP 19921060A EP 3865599 A1 EP3865599 A1 EP 3865599A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
charge
ferrosilicon
pellets
quartzite
reducing agent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19921060.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3865599A4 (de
Inventor
Dmitrij Aleksandrovich KASATKIN
Boris LIBENSON
Andrei Petrovich LOKHANKIN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
"slavross" LLC
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"slavross" LLC
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Publication date
Application filed by "slavross" LLC filed Critical "slavross" LLC
Publication of EP3865599A1 publication Critical patent/EP3865599A1/de
Publication of EP3865599A4 publication Critical patent/EP3865599A4/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/006—Making ferrous alloys compositions used for making ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C35/00—Master alloys for iron or steel
    • C22C35/005—Master alloys for iron or steel based on iron, e.g. ferro-alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to metallurgy, manufacturing ferroalloys, in particular, to manufacturing ferrosilicon.
  • Ferrosilicon with the silicon content of 18-95 % is smelted in ferroalloy furnaces.
  • the ore constituent of charge is quartzites containing more than 95% SiO 2 and a small amount of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ). Quartzite is crushed and washed from clay.
  • Metallurgical fine coke is used as a reducing agent.
  • silicon carbide is undesirable, since due to its refractory quality, the lower part of the furnace is cluttering up and its efficiency is decreased.
  • the electrodes are lowering slowly, as soon as they are burnt out, and the charge is settling down evenly around the electrodes.
  • the smelted ferrosilicon is run into a ladle 12-15 times per day and poured.
  • the charge for smelting ferrosilicon contains quartzite, pitch coke, wood and metal wastes, which is characterized in that it contains additionally metallurgical coke, which is used in the form of a mixture with the pitch one, at the following ratio of components, wt%: the wood wastes - 4-50, the mixture of the pitch and metallurgical coke - 10-30, the metal wastes - 5-20, the quartzite - the rest, the metallurgical coke proportion being 5-50% of the total mass of the coke mixture.
  • Banichi quartzite is used as the quartzite.
  • the chips with a size of not more than 50 mm are used as the wood wastes.
  • the shavings of 14 A grade and the transformer steel scraps with a size of not more than 42 mm are used as the metal wastes.
  • an invention that relates to ferrous metallurgy, namely, to charges for manufacturing ferrosilicon alloys.
  • the charge contains quartzite, wood and metal wastes, as well as metallurgical coke in the form of a mixture with the pitch one, at the following ratio of components, wt%: the wood wastes - 4-50, the mixture of the pitch and metallurgical coke - 10-30, the metal wastes - 5-20, the quartzite - the rest, the metallurgical coke proportion being 5-50% of the total mass of the coke mixture.
  • the charge for smelting ferrosilicon contains quartzite, coke, metal wastes and the pellets of the spent contact mass of the chemical manufacture at the following ratio of components, wt%: the coke - 10-40, the metal wastes - 6-30, the pellets - 0,3-20, the quartzite - the rest.
  • the charge for smelting ferrosilicon contains quartzite, a carbonaceous reducing agent and iron shavings, which is characterized in that for the purpose of decreasing aluminum in the alloy, it contains additionally pyrite at the following ratio of components, wt.%: the quartzite - 40-70; the carbonaceous reducing agent - 15-45; the pyrite - 2-40; the iron shavings - the rest.
  • the charge for manufacturing low-silicon ferrosilicon includes a ferruginous material and coke, which is characterized in that for the purpose of increasing manganese in the alloy, decreasing the release of graphite spill, excluding the use of scarce iron shavings, the charge contains additionally limestone and poor ferromanganese ore, and ferruginous quartzite as the ferruginous material at the following ratio of components, wt%: the ferruginous quartzite - 44-58; the poor ferromanganese ore - 19-20; the limestone - 6-9.
  • the charge for preparing ferrosilicon includes a carbonaceous reducing agent, a metal additive, and quartzite, which is characterized in that for the purpose of increasing the silicon reduction degree and increasing the furnace efficiency, it contains additionally silicate slag and quartzite barite at the following ratio of components, wt%: the carbonaceous reducing agent - 20-35; the metal additive - 1-40; the silicate slag - 1-10; the quartzite barite - 0.5-10; the quartzite - the rest.
  • the charge for smelting low-silicon ferrosilicon is known that includes quartzite, iron shavings, coke, which is characterized in that for the purpose of decreasing its electrical conductivity on the furnace top and decreasing the silicon losses, it contains additionally carbonate manganese ore at the following ratio of components, wt%: the quartzite - 28-32; the iron shavings - 40-47,5; the carbonate manganese ore - 7-12; the coke - 16.5-18.
  • the charge for smelting ferrosilicon contains quartzite, fine coke and iron shavings, which is characterized in that for the purpose of increasing the mechanical strength and deoxidizing capacity of the resulting alloy and decreasing its smelting point, it contains additionally boron-bearing briquettes at the following ratio of components, wt.%: the quartzite - 20-58; the fine coke - 10-34; the iron shavings - 5-50; the boron-bearing briquettes - 3-20, while the boron-bearing briquettes have the following composition, wt%: the datolite concentrate - 63-70; the fine coke riddlings - 25-34; the sulfite-alcohol liquor- 3-5.
  • an invention that relates to metallurgy, more specifically to manufacturing ferroalloys, in particular, to preparing ferrosilicon.
  • the essence of the invention is in the fact that the charge for preparing ferrosilicon contains additionally a mixture of fluxed iron-ore pellets and iron scale in the ratio of 1 : (1-3) at the following ratio of components, wt%: the quartzite - 35-55; the carbonaceous reducing agent - 20-30; the mixture of the fluxed iron ore pellets and the iron scale - 10-30; the steel shavings - the rest.
  • the charge composition disclosed in patent RU 2109836 is adopted, where the charge contains quartzite, a carbonaceous reducing agent (nut coke), steel shavings and additionally a mixture of fluxed pellets and iron scale in the ratio of 1 : (1-3) at the following ratio of components, wt%: the quartzite - 35-55, the carbonaceous reducing agent - 20-30, the mixture of the fluxed iron ore pellets and the iron scale in the ratio of 1 : (1-3) - 10-30, the steel shavings - the rest.
  • the charge contains quartzite, a carbonaceous reducing agent (nut coke), steel shavings and additionally a mixture of fluxed pellets and iron scale in the ratio of 1 : (1-3) at the following ratio of components, wt%: the quartzite - 35-55, the carbonaceous reducing agent - 20-30, the mixture of the fluxed iron ore pellets and the iron scale in the ratio of 1 : (1-3) - 10-30, the steel shaving
  • the prototype significant disadvantage is the presence in the charge composition of the scarce and expensive steel shavings of grade 14 A GOST 2787-75 "Ferrous Secondary Metals" and the iron scale, which is prone to caking and freezing down in winter conditions due to the presence of moisture, which makes its transporting and loading-unloading difficult, including on the charge-feeding conveyor lines of the furnaces.
  • the charge for manufacturing ferrosilicon does not contain the scarce metal shavings from carbonaceous steels as a ferruginous component, but it contains the pellets prepared from the pyrite cinder (technogenic wastes) having the exemplary composition given in Table 1 and liquid glass as a binder.
  • the essence of the invention is in that the pellets prepared from a mixture of pyrite cinder and liquid glass form a porous structure, which accelerates the processes of an indirect reduction (with the help of CO) of the iron of the pellets by the components of a ferroalloy gas (these processes are developed in the upper horizons of the furnace):
  • the implementation of the claimed invention will alloy solving the problem of disposal of the harmful manufacturing waste.
  • the task of the present invention is to remedy the disadvantages of the prior art, to develop the charge composition for manufacturing ferrosilicon, which is not inferior in quality, but which allows replacing without the losses for the manufacture scarce steel shavings with the low-quality waste from the sulfuric acid manufacture, while solving a double task, reducing the expenses for the raw materials and disposing the technogenic product.
  • the technical result is in expanding the charge compositions range, using the cheap and non-scarce raw materials and improving the operating performance of a furnace device by using in the process of the ferrosilicon manufacture the charge composition having low electrical conductivity, which leads to an increase in silica recovery, while increasing the charge filter layer and to a decrease in the formation of the non-technological slag and, as a result, to a possibility of the furnace transformer operation at a higher voltage level, which increases the electrical efficiency of the furnace device.
  • the charge composition for manufacturing ferrosilicon which includes quartzite, a carbonaceous reducing agent and a ferruginous material, while the ferruginous material is pyrite cinder pellets at the following ratio of components, wt%: the quartzite - 34-50, the carbonaceous reducing agent - 30-34, the pyrite cinder pellets - the rest.
  • the carbonaceous reducing agent contains the nut coke - 40-67 wt% and the wood wastes - 33-60% wt%, while the wood wastes are pellets or chips.
  • the pellets contain pyrite cinder and liquid glass as a binder in the amount of 7-15 wt% on a dry basis.
  • Figure 1 shows an electronic image of the pyrite cinder taken by a microscope.
  • the average composition is Spectrum 1.
  • Table 2 shows an analysis of the composition of the pyrite cinder of the spectra shown in Figure 1 .
  • Table 2 Spectrum O Na Mg Al Si S Ca Fe Zn Ba Spectrum 1 35 1.0 1.0 2.7 10.2 1.9 0.9 44.7 0.6 1.4 Spectrum 2 45 2.1 7.1 16.6 18.8 0.0 0.1 8.3 0.3 1.8 Spectrum 3 19 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.6 27.5 0.2 51.6 0.2 0.0
  • Figure 2 shows an electronic image of the ferrosilicon taken by a microscope.
  • the average composition is Spectrum 5.
  • Table 3 Spectrum Si Fe Total: Spectrum 1 32.7 67.3 100.0 Spectrum 2 37.4 62.6 100.0 Spectrum 3 18.1 81.9 100.0 Spectrum 4 18.6 81.4 100.0 Spectrum 5 30 70 100.0 average
  • Figure 4 shows an X-ray image of the ferrosilicon, where the experimental line is red, the calculated line is blue, and the difference between the experimental and calculated lines of the X-ray images is pink.
  • Figure 5 shows an X-ray image of the ferrosilicon, where the experimental line (red) is indicated with the assignment of the peaks to the phases.
  • the studies of the said charge with the use of the pyrite cinder were conducted with the use of the experimental ore reduction electric furnace with three graphitized electrodes and the graphite lining.
  • the nominal power of the transformer of the furnace device was 160 KVA at a voltage on the electrodes of 48V.
  • Embodiment 1 A typical portion ("charge batch") of the charge for smelting the ferrosilicon of the following composition: Component Fraction Content in kg Content in wt% Quartzite 20-40 mm 15 34 Nut coke 10-25 mm 7 16 Wood pellets or chips - 8 18 Pyrite cinder pellets 5-30 mm 14 32 Total: 44 100 Embodiment 2. Component Fraction Content in kg Content in wt% Quartzite 20-40 mm 15 50 Nut coke 10-25 mm 4 13 Wood pellets or chips - 6 20 Pyrite cinder pellets 5-30 mm 5 17 Total: 30 100 Embodiment 3. Component Fraction Content in kg Content in wt% Quartzite 20-40 mm 15 36 Nut coke 10-25 mm 8 20 Wood pellets or chips - 4 10 Pyrite cinder pellets 5-30 mm 14 34 Total: 41 100
  • the embodiments of the charge compositions 1-3 confirm the achievement of the technical result in the specified ranges of the content of the components, namely: the quartzite - 34-50 wt%, the carbonaceous reducing agent (the nut coke and the wood wastes) - 30-34 wt%, the pyrite cinder pellets - the rest.
  • the method for manufacturing the charge is the method for manufacturing the charge.
  • the charge mixture was prepared by loading in layers into a "flexible disposable container” (FDC) having a bottom unloading gate, placing in layers at first the light-weight components of the charge (the nut coke, the pellets), then the heavy-weight ones (the pyrite cinder pellets and the quartzite) within one "charge batch.” In total, 4 charge batches were placed per FDC.
  • the FDC was unloaded to a working site through the bottom unloading gate, thereby exercising the charge components mixing. This charge was then fed into the furnace manually with shovels. In the furnace, the charge cones were maintained around the electrodes to block the radiation of the burning arcs. If necessary, the fragments of the sintered charge were sewn with wood battens and pushed into the hot zones of the furnace closer to the electrodes.
  • the taphole of the furnace was pierced every 2-3 hours and the melt was released directly into a flat casting-form lined up with the fireclay bricks covered with a nonstick sand mixture.
  • the amount of the slag coming out of the furnace was negligible, and the majority of the surface of the ferrosilicon ingot was free from non-metallic inclusions.
  • the silicon content in the obtained ferrosilicon varied from 41 to 64%, depending on the selected composition of the particular charge formulation.
  • ferrosilicon sample phase composition wt%: Formula % Si 6 FeSi 2 94
  • Figure 6 shows an electronic image of the phase ferrosilicon composition taken by a microscope.
  • the chemical composition of the ferrosilicon confirms its phase composition. From the represented electronic images, it can be seen that a fairly homogeneous phase of FeSi 2 is obtained. The average impurity content in wt% is coherent with the X-ray images shown in figures 4 and 5 .
  • a weak sensitivity of the electrode position in the furnace to the level of the charge loading was noted: before the start of smelting, the electrode position was fixed according to the gear batten of a lifting appliance drive. An upward manoeuvre of the electrode was not more than 100 mm, while the thickness of the charge loading was 400 mm. At the same time, the transformer working tap was the same (48V between the electrodes), and the current of the electrode corresponded to a nominal value (1900 ⁇ 50A). This means that the electrical conductivity of the charge was negligible.
  • the level of the charge loading was determined by the forecast of the integrity of the electrode body within the duration of one smelting.
  • the improvement of the operating performance of the furnace device is achieved due to the use in the process of the ferrosilicon manufacture the charge composition having low electrical conductivity, which leads to an increase in the silica recovery, while increasing the charge filter layer and, as a result, to a possibility of the furnace transformer operation at a higher voltage level, which increases the electrical efficiency of the furnace device.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
EP19921060.0A 2019-03-25 2019-11-25 Charge zur herstellung von ferrosilicium Withdrawn EP3865599A4 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2019106088A RU2704872C1 (ru) 2019-03-25 2019-03-25 Шихта для изготовления ферросилиция
PCT/RU2019/000850 WO2020197437A1 (ru) 2019-03-25 2019-11-25 Шихта для изготовления ферросилиция

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3865599A1 true EP3865599A1 (de) 2021-08-18
EP3865599A4 EP3865599A4 (de) 2022-07-13

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EP19921060.0A Withdrawn EP3865599A4 (de) 2019-03-25 2019-11-25 Charge zur herstellung von ferrosilicium

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EP (1) EP3865599A4 (de)
CN (1) CN113166863A (de)
RU (1) RU2704872C1 (de)
WO (1) WO2020197437A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU618437A1 (ru) * 1976-04-12 1978-08-05 Mukhin Yurij Шихта дл выплавки ферросицили
US4155753A (en) * 1977-01-18 1979-05-22 Dekhanov Nikolai M Process for producing silicon-containing ferro alloys
SU765389A1 (ru) * 1978-12-25 1980-09-23 Сибирский металлургический институт им.С.Орджоникидзе Шихта дл производства низкокремнистого ферросилици
SU1565913A1 (ru) * 1988-06-08 1990-05-23 Грузинский политехнический институт им.В.И.Ленина Шихта дл выплавки ферросилици
RU2109836C1 (ru) * 1994-04-22 1998-04-27 Акционерное общество открытого типа "Челябинский электрометаллургический комбинат" Шихта для получения ферросилиция
RU2094518C1 (ru) * 1996-06-25 1997-10-27 Акционерное общество "Новолипецкий металлургический комбинат" Шихта для выплавки ферросилиция
RU2106423C1 (ru) 1997-03-19 1998-03-10 Акционерное общество "Новолипецкий металлургический комбинат" Шихта для выплавки ферросилиция
KR100363608B1 (ko) * 2000-12-26 2002-12-05 동부한농화학 주식회사 집진 더스트 재활용에 의한 저탄소 훼로망간의 제조방법
ZA200610458B (en) * 2006-03-10 2008-06-25 Renova Invest Proprietary Ltd Production of ferrosilicomanganese alloys
CN101457289A (zh) * 2009-01-08 2009-06-17 云南常青树投资有限公司 中低品位硫铁矿综合利用副产高铝渣和硅铁的方法
CN102628099B (zh) * 2012-05-09 2013-10-30 长沙矿冶研究院有限责任公司 以水玻璃为粘结剂的矿粉冷固结球团的方法
CN107675067B (zh) * 2017-09-20 2019-07-23 内蒙古鄂尔多斯电力冶金集团股份有限公司 一种硅铁冶炼方法

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Publication number Publication date
CN113166863A (zh) 2021-07-23
WO2020197437A1 (ru) 2020-10-01
EP3865599A4 (de) 2022-07-13
RU2704872C1 (ru) 2019-10-31

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