EP3850168A1 - Elément de construction - Google Patents
Elément de constructionInfo
- Publication number
- EP3850168A1 EP3850168A1 EP19762978.5A EP19762978A EP3850168A1 EP 3850168 A1 EP3850168 A1 EP 3850168A1 EP 19762978 A EP19762978 A EP 19762978A EP 3850168 A1 EP3850168 A1 EP 3850168A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cavity
- block
- frame
- construction
- construction element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000021615 conjugation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
- E04B2/06—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
- E04B2/08—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
- E04B2002/0289—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material
- E04B2002/0293—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material solid material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a building element for example for building a wall or a vertical wall.
- Document US3885363 A describes a construction element comprising a preformed insulating insert placed in a cavity of a concrete frame.
- Such building elements can be used to build a wall by joining them with mortar for example. This assembly requires precision so that the building elements are properly aligned and time to place the mortar and also because of this precision.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a building element easy and quick to assemble, and not requiring the laying of mortar.
- the invention provides a construction element comprising:
- a frame comprising a cavity opening through an upper opening and a lower opening
- a block arranged to move in a first direction in the cavity under the action of an external pressure and to remain blocked at least partially in the cavity in the absence of external pressure
- the block when two frames are superimposed so that the cavities are aligned, the upper end of the block can be engaged in the cavity of the top frame while the lower end of the block can be engaged in the cavity of the bottom frame.
- the block itself serves as a means of fixing and alignment between the building element and a second element identical construction. It is therefore not necessary to put mortar between two superimposed construction elements.
- the block can be moved in the frame gives flexibility on the relative position of the block relative to the frame. In addition, this allows each block to be retracted as much as possible into the frame during transport, in order to reduce the transport volume and that the block is at least partially protected by the frame during transport and on site, before construction.
- the block can for example be in a compressible material or have a surface structure allowing this movement under pressure and blocking in the absence of pressure.
- the block is such that the action of a force causes it to slide in the cavity, but if it is not subjected to other forces than gravity it is stuck immobile in the cavity.
- human force is sufficient to slide the block in the frame.
- the frame is preferably an object formed by a plurality of planar walls parallel to the first direction, so as to delimit the cavity in any direction perpendicular to the first direction.
- Each wall can for example be formed of a panel.
- the frame is preferably devoid of grooves on its outer surface.
- the cavity is arranged to allow the block to slide from its lower end to its upper end.
- the frame can for example be between 100 and 800 mm in height, preferably about 300 mm.
- the frame can for example be between 100 and 800 mm deep, preferably around 300 mm.
- the frame can for example be between 100 and 800 mm in width, preferably around 300 mm.
- the walls of the frame are, for example, between 10 and 30 mm thick, preferably around 18 mm.
- the frame can for example be cubic.
- a function of the frame is to provide the outer walls of the wall. It also makes it possible to permanently fix several construction elements together so as to form removable modules with respect to each other. A wall can thus be constructed by placing modules offset from each other, for example in staggered rows.
- the frame is preferably formed from a thermal insulating material.
- the upper opening of the cavity is located on an upper end of the frame and the lower opening of the cavity is located on a lower end of the frame.
- the upper opening of the cavity is identical to the lower opening of the cavity.
- the block is preferably a solid and solid object.
- the block is preferably formed from a homogeneous and isotropic material.
- the block is thermal insulating.
- the block may for example be made of or comprise expanded polystyrene, graphite expanded polystyrene, or polyurethane foam.
- the block can for example be in one or more material (s) having a Young's modulus greater than 1.0 GPa, preferably between 2.0 and 4.0 GPa, more preferably between 2.5 and 3.5 GPa.
- the block is rigid enough to block the frame when it is partially engaged in the frame cavity.
- the block is preferably made of a flame resistant material.
- the block preferably extends between all the side walls of the frame, so as to be in contact with them.
- the block is preferably such that it extends between all the side walls of the two frames, so as to be in contact with them.
- the height of the block is equal to the height of the frame.
- the block extends laterally between several parts of surfaces forming a triangle, a rectangle or a square.
- These surface portions preferably include a flat portion intended to be in contact with the interior surface of the cavity and a recessed portion so as to form a chamfer at the upper end of the block.
- the block can for example be between 100 and 800 mm in height, preferably about 300 mm.
- the block can for example be between 100 and 800 mm deep, preferably about 263 mm.
- the block can for example be between 100 and 800 mm in width, preferably around 263 mm.
- the width of the block is preferably equal to its depth.
- the cavity and the block are such that the block can enter the cavity through its lower opening and leave it through its upper opening.
- the difference, taken in absolute value, between at least one lateral extent of the cavity and a corresponding lateral extent of the block measured when the block is outside the cavity is less than 3 mm, preferably less than 2 mm, more preferably less than 1 mm.
- the lateral extent of the block can be less, greater than or equal to the lateral extent of the cavity, but the difference between these two ranges is preferably less than 3 mm, 2 mm or 1 mm .
- the block is intended to be inserted in a particularly adjusted manner in the cavity.
- a "lateral extent" of an element can be for example its length, its width, its depth.
- a lateral extent of the block generally corresponds to a lateral extent of the cavity: for example the width of the block corresponds to the width of the cavity and the depth of the block corresponds to the depth of the cavity.
- the absolute value of the difference between the lateral extent of the block and the corresponding lateral extent of the cavity is preferably less than 1% of the lateral extent of the block, more preferably less than 0.5% of the lateral extent of the block.
- the block can be sufficiently compressible laterally so that its lateral extent decreases when it is engaged, at least partially, in the cavity.
- the difference, in absolute value, between the width of the cavity and the width of the block measured when the block is outside the cavity is less than 3 mm, preferably less than 2 mm, more preferably less than 1 mm and / or the difference, in absolute value, between the depth of the cavity and the depth of the block measured when the block is outside the cavity is less than 3 mm, preferably less than 2 mm, more preferably less than 1 mm.
- the upper end of the block is chamfered and / or the corners of the upper end of the block are rounded.
- the frame comprises side walls delimiting the cavity laterally, and the block is designed to be in mechanical contact with all the side walls of the frame when it is blocked, at least partially , in the cavity.
- the block is in mechanical contact with all the side walls over at least 50% or 80% of the height of the block which is in the cavity.
- the height of the frame is substantially equal to the height of the block.
- a "height" of an object is preferably the maximum distance between the lower end and the upper end of the object.
- the frame and the block have a polygonal, hexagonal, rectangular, triangular or square section in a plane perpendicular to the first direction.
- the horizontal section of the frame and that of the block are preferably rectangular, more preferably square.
- the cavity is delimited by plane surfaces parallel to the first direction.
- the flat surfaces which delimit the cavity are not inclined relative to the first direction. This in particular prevents any narrowing of the cavity up or down.
- the frame is at least partially made of wood and / or polymer.
- the frame can be of any material comprising wood. It can for example be made of oriented strand board, which is sometimes known as OSB. MDF is also possible.
- the frame can also be made of a polymer.
- the frame does not include concrete.
- concrete walls should be much thicker than wooden and / or polymer walls, which would make the building element heavy.
- the invention further provides an assembly comprising first and second construction elements, in which the frame of the second construction element is placed on the frame of the first construction element and the block of the first construction element is blocked. mechanically in the frame cavity of the first building element and in the frame cavity of the second building element.
- this assembly does not include any bonding means between the frame of the first building element and the frame of the second building element.
- the invention further provides a construction module comprising first and second construction elements according to any embodiment of the invention, and in which the frame of the first construction element is fixed laterally, for example by screwing and / or bonding, to the frame of the second construction element.
- the different construction elements of a module are preferably identical.
- the construction module further comprises a third construction element according to any embodiment of the invention fixed laterally to the frame of the second construction element.
- the three construction elements of the module are aligned or arranged in a corner.
- the invention further provides a wall comprising at least three construction modules according to any embodiment of the invention, at least one first of the construction modules comprising:
- a first block located on the one hand in a first cavity of the first construction module and on the other hand in a cavity of a second of the construction modules, and
- the modules are thus arranged in offsets with respect to each other so as to obtain a particularly solid wall.
- the wall may further include in addition to the amounts fixed to several building modules. This helps to strengthen the stability of the wall
- the wall may further include a board on which are fixed some of the building elements, the frame of the building elements fixed to the board having a lower cutout receiving at least an upper part of the board.
- the board can be called a sandpit.
- the invention further provides a building comprising at least one construction element according to any embodiment of the invention, or a module according to any embodiment of the invention, or a wall according to any mode for carrying out the invention.
- the invention further provides a method of constructing a wall or a vertical wall and comprising the steps of:
- FIG. 1a is a vertical section of a construction element according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 1b is a horizontal section of a frame forming part of a building element according to an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 1 c is a horizontal section of a block forming part of a building element according to an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 1d is a three-dimensional view of a building element according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a vertical section of an assembly of two construction elements according to an embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view of a construction module according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 4 is a vertical section of a construction module according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 5a is a vertical section of an assembly according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 5b is a vertical view of a frame which can be used in the assembly of FIG. 5a,
- FIG. 6 is a vertical view of a wall according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 7 is a vertical view of a wall according to an embodiment of the invention comprising a window.
- Figures 1 a to 1d illustrate an example of frame 1 and an example of block 2 may be part of a building element 10 according to an embodiment of the invention.
- the first direction 101 is preferably considered to be a vertical direction.
- the frame 1 comprises a cavity 22.
- the cavity 22 passes through the frame 1 between an upper end of the frame 1 and a lower end of the frame 1.
- the cavity 22 is opened by an upper opening 22a and a lower opening 22b opposite l to one another.
- the frame 1 comprises side walls 23, for example two first walls 1a (front and rear walls) and two second walls 1b (left and right walls). It is preferred that the second walls 1b are blocked laterally between the first two walls 1a. This can be seen in Figure 1b.
- the block 2 is arranged to be mechanically wedged in the cavity 22 when no external pressure is exerted on it, and to move in the first direction 101 when it undergoes an external pressure capable of moving it according to the first direction 101.
- the block 2 has an upper end 25 and a lower end 26.
- the upper end 25 of the block 2 is arranged to be engaged, in the first direction 101, in the upper opening 22a and in the lower opening 22b of the cavity 22.
- the upper end 25 of the block 2 can thus engage in the upper opening 22a of the cavity of a first frame 1 and in the lower opening 22b of the cavity of a second frame 1, identical to the first frame 1, and located above the first frame 1.
- the whole block 2 can be engaged in the cavity 22 following the upper end 25 of the block 2.
- the block 2 has a chamfer 21 on an edge of its upper end 25, so that it can be easily inserted into frame 1.
- the block 2 is can slide in the frame 1 in the first direction 101, and its dimensions are chosen so that, in the absence of pressure, the block 2 is mechanically locked in the frame 1.
- the frame 1 and the block 2 are of square horizontal section, but it could have another shape while remaining within the scope of the invention.
- FIG. 1a illustrates the block 2 partially inserted into the cavity 22 of the frame 1, so that it protrudes from the cavity 22 through its upper end 25. This figure makes it possible to illustrate the height 51 of the frame 1 and the height 52 of block 2.
- FIG. 1b makes it possible in particular to illustrate the width 53 of the cavity 22, as well as its depth 55.
- FIG. 1c in particular allows to illustrate the width 54 of the block 2, as well as its depth 56.
- Figure 2 illustrates two building elements 10 stacked.
- the block 2 of the lower construction element 10 is partially engaged, by its upper end 25, in frame 1 of the upper construction element 10.
- the construction elements 10 are assembled by interlocking on each other, by shifting the block 2 relative to the frame 1, so that the block 2 is partially received in two frames located one on the other.
- FIG. 3 and 4 illustrate construction modules 100 according to embodiments of the invention.
- the construction module 100 comprises several construction elements 10 according to the invention, for example two construction elements 10 for the module 100 illustrated in FIG. 3 and three construction elements 10 for the module 100 illustrated in FIG. 4.
- the elements 10 are preferably fixed together via a side wall at a junction 3 between two frames 1, so as to be at the same height.
- a single panel forms the front walls 1 has frames 1 of several construction elements 10 and a single panel forms the rear walls 1 has frames 1 of several construction elements.
- the blocks 2 of the various construction elements can be moved independently.
- FIG. 5a illustrates a possible assembly with a construction element 10 according to an embodiment of the invention. This assembly is particularly advantageous for forming the lowest level of a wall.
- This assembly can for example include base blocks 8, a hermetic layer 7, a board 5 and construction elements 10.
- the basic blocks 8 are for example Ytong blocks aligned in a direction perpendicular to the plane of Figure 5a.
- the hermetic layer 7 is for example formed of a sheet of EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene monomer).
- the board 5, which can be called a sandpit, is preferably fixed by fixing means or screws 9 to the base blocks 8.
- the construction elements 10, with a frame 1 where the second walls 1b are shortened as shown in the Figure 5b, are arranged so that the board 5 is engaged between the first walls 1a and preferably is in abutment against the lower ends of the second walls 1b. Fixing means or screws 6 can be used to fix the first walls 1a to the board 5.
- FIG. 5b illustrates the frame 1, the second walls 1b of which are shorter than the first walls 1a, so as to create a passage 16 arranged to receive at least the upper part of the board 5.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a wall 200 comprising modules 100, 100a, 100b, 100c according to an embodiment of the invention and uprights 4. For reasons of clarity, only certain blocks are shown. They are shown in dotted lines to indicate that they are hidden inside the modules.
- the modules 100 are preferably arranged in vertical offset, so that a first part of an upper module rests on a first lower module and a second part of an upper module rests on a second lower module.
- this allows the first 120 and second 130 blocks belonging to a first module 100a to be located partially in the first module 100a and partially respectively in a second module 100b and third module 100c. This results in mechanical coupling between the second 100b and third 100c modules, via the first module 100a.
- the amounts 4, which can also be called rafters, are fixed, for example screwed or nailed, to several superimposed construction elements.
- Figure 7 illustrates a wall part comprising a window 1 1.
- the window 1 1 is an open wall part. It is delimited for example by a lower board 14 at the bottom, an upper board 15 at the top and construction elements 10 on the sides.
- the upper board 15 preferably rests on second walls 1b of two of these lateral construction elements, which can be called first lateral construction elements 10c.
- the wall also includes a lintel 12 located above the soup plate 15 and these first lateral construction elements 10c.
- the lintel 12 is a building module in which central building elements 10a have their two second walls 1b shorter than their first two walls 1a, and end building elements 10b have one of their two second walls 1 b shorter than their first two walls 1 a.
- the blocks 2 of the first lateral construction elements 10c are partially inserted into the cavities of the end construction elements 10b.
- the invention relates to a construction element 10 comprising a frame 1 and a block 2 which can slide in the frame 1 when it is subjected to an external force.
- the block 2 can thus form a tenon between two superimposed frames 1 forming mortises.
- Construction elements 10 fixed laterally together form modules 100 which can be assembled offset from one level to the other so as to form a wall.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP24167565.1A EP4372167A2 (fr) | 2018-09-10 | 2019-09-04 | Elément de construction |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BE20185622A BE1026597B1 (fr) | 2018-09-10 | 2018-09-10 | Elément de construction |
PCT/EP2019/073592 WO2020053047A1 (fr) | 2018-09-10 | 2019-09-04 | Elément de construction |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP24167565.1A Division EP4372167A2 (fr) | 2018-09-10 | 2019-09-04 | Elément de construction |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3850168A1 true EP3850168A1 (fr) | 2021-07-21 |
EP3850168B1 EP3850168B1 (fr) | 2024-04-24 |
Family
ID=63762140
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP24167565.1A Pending EP4372167A2 (fr) | 2018-09-10 | 2019-09-04 | Elément de construction |
EP19762978.5A Active EP3850168B1 (fr) | 2018-09-10 | 2019-09-04 | Elément de construction |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP24167565.1A Pending EP4372167A2 (fr) | 2018-09-10 | 2019-09-04 | Elément de construction |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20210189723A1 (fr) |
EP (2) | EP4372167A2 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN112639232A (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2019339595A1 (fr) |
BE (1) | BE1026597B1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3111044A1 (fr) |
CR (1) | CR20210107A (fr) |
DO (1) | DOP2021000037A (fr) |
MA (1) | MA53590A (fr) |
MX (1) | MX2021002334A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2020053047A1 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA202101466B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20220081902A1 (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2022-03-17 | Charles H. Leahy | Pre-insulated block |
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-
2018
- 2018-09-10 BE BE20185622A patent/BE1026597B1/fr active IP Right Grant
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2019
- 2019-09-04 AU AU2019339595A patent/AU2019339595A1/en active Pending
- 2019-09-04 US US17/272,757 patent/US20210189723A1/en active Pending
- 2019-09-04 CA CA3111044A patent/CA3111044A1/fr active Pending
- 2019-09-04 MA MA053590A patent/MA53590A/fr unknown
- 2019-09-04 EP EP24167565.1A patent/EP4372167A2/fr active Pending
- 2019-09-04 CR CR20210107A patent/CR20210107A/es unknown
- 2019-09-04 MX MX2021002334A patent/MX2021002334A/es unknown
- 2019-09-04 CN CN201980057119.3A patent/CN112639232A/zh active Pending
- 2019-09-04 WO PCT/EP2019/073592 patent/WO2020053047A1/fr unknown
- 2019-09-04 EP EP19762978.5A patent/EP3850168B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-02-26 DO DO2021000037A patent/DOP2021000037A/es unknown
- 2021-03-03 ZA ZA2021/01466A patent/ZA202101466B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BE1026597B1 (fr) | 2020-04-09 |
US20210189723A1 (en) | 2021-06-24 |
EP4372167A2 (fr) | 2024-05-22 |
AU2019339595A1 (en) | 2021-03-25 |
CR20210107A (es) | 2021-06-11 |
EP3850168B1 (fr) | 2024-04-24 |
BE1026597A1 (fr) | 2020-04-01 |
BR112021004179A2 (pt) | 2021-05-25 |
WO2020053047A1 (fr) | 2020-03-19 |
MA53590A (fr) | 2021-12-15 |
DOP2021000037A (es) | 2021-05-31 |
ZA202101466B (en) | 2022-07-27 |
CA3111044A1 (fr) | 2020-03-19 |
MX2021002334A (es) | 2021-04-28 |
CN112639232A (zh) | 2021-04-09 |
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