EP3829396B1 - Pull-out unit and method for moving a pull-out guide having a drawer element - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a pull-out, in particular for furniture or household appliances, according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for moving a pull-out guide with a push element according to the preamble of claim 9.

It is known to equip a pull-out guide with a self-closing mechanism, which supports a drawer during movement in the closing direction before reaching the closed position and pulls it into a closed position by means of a driver preloaded by a spring. The closing movement can also be slowed down by a damper. The user is therefore used to closing the drawer and thus hands the drawer over to the self-closing mechanism, which slows down the movement of the drawer and then gently pulls it into the closed position. With such a self-closing mechanism, it is therefore irrelevant whether a certain force has to be used to disengage the driver from a parking position in order to activate the self-closing mechanism.

From the EP 1 816 927 A pull-out guide set for drawers is known, in which a rail of a pull-out guide can be moved essentially to the full open position by a power storage device. The force storage device is only effective over part of the movement path, and the drive device comprises a tilting segment which is acted upon by a spring and can be moved along a guide track. In order to be able to place the driver in a parking position with the energy storage tensioned, the tilting segment is positioned in a self-locking manner on the angled end section. This leads to the disadvantage that the user has to apply force when opening the drawer in order to release the tilting segment from the parking position. In contrast to a closing movement, the user still has one hand in the drawer during an opening movement and therefore feels the resistance when triggering the self-extension when unlocking the tilting segment. When opening, the self-locking mechanism and the spring force must be overcome.

Show further pull-out guides with a lockable pull-out device US 8,678,528 , CN 108 204 708 A and WO2014/114514 .

It is therefore the object of the present invention to create a pull-out in which a pull-out device acting in the opening direction is easier to operate.

This task is solved with an extract with the features of claim 1 and a method with the features of claim 9.

In the pull-out according to the invention, a pull-out device is provided in which a driver can be moved between a parking position on an angled end section of a guideway with a tensioned energy accumulator and a starting position with a less strongly tensioned energy storage device, the driver not being self-locking in the parking position on the angled end section of the guideway , but is held in a form-fitting manner. As a result, the forces for triggering the pull-out device are significantly lower than with a self-locking arrangement of the driver, in which both spring forces and the self-locking mechanism have to be overcome. In the solution according to the invention, the driver is held in a form-fitting manner on the end section of the guide track and can therefore be easily pivoted out of the parking position when an activator engages on the driver.

Self-locking is the resistance caused by friction against slipping of the driver along the guideway. Depending on the angle of inclination and the surface roughness of the support surfaces, the driver and the guideway can be designed so that essentially no self-locking occurs in the parking position, but only a positive arrangement for holding the driver is provided. This allows the driver to be released from the parking position without having to use high forces. Due to the mass inertia, small forces have to be used to pivot the driver, but these are negligible in view of the other forces caused by the energy storage and the weight forces.

According to the invention, a peg-shaped guide element is formed or can be arranged on the driver, with the guide element in the parking position resting on the angled end section on a form-fitting contour. Such a form-fitting contour has a first wall and a second wall, against which the guide element rests. The first wall and the second wall are arranged at an angle α to one another, the angle α being greater than the sum of the friction angles ρ between the guide element and the first and second walls. The first and second walls can optionally be arranged at an angle between 70° and 110°. According to the invention, the angle α is smaller than 180°. The friction angle ρ depends on the material pairing, the surface and the lubrication between the guide element and the first and second walls of the guideway. The friction angle ρ corresponds to half the angle β of the friction cone.

According to a preferred embodiment, the running rail can be moved into a maximum opening position with the pull-out device. The maximum opening position is defined by at least one stop that blocks movement of the running rail in the opening direction. This stop can in particular be formed on a rail on which the running rail is guided, i.e. a stationary rail or a middle rail.

The pull-out device preferably comprises a damper, by means of which the movement of the running rail with the push element can be braked. Such a damper can be designed, for example, as a linear damper with a damper housing and a linearly movable piston rod with a piston, or as a rotation damper or as a damper made of an elastic material. Preferably, the damper acts directly or indirectly on the driver on the guideway, so that a compact structure of the pull-out device is ensured.

The energy accumulator provided for the pull-out guide can have at least one spring, which is designed as a tension or compression spring. This means that the driver can be acted upon by the force accumulator over comparatively long travel distances along the guideway.

An activator is preferably fixed on the running rail or on the body rail, which can be designed, for example, as a projection or web that can be brought into engagement with the driver when the running rail is located shortly before the maximum opening position. The engagement of the activator with the driver takes place, for example, in a range between 2 cm to 10 cm in front of the maximum opening position, in particular 3 cm to 8 cm. After the activator intervenes in the driver, a damper can then come into effect, which brakes the driver. The activator can also be arranged on a movable furniture part or the body angle of the pull-out guide or the stationary furniture part. What is important here is that the activator moves relative to the pull-out device.

The driver is preferably guided in the guide track with a guide element, which rests on two contact points on the guide track in the parking position. In the parking position, the force of the energy storage device is introduced at the two contact points, so that the entire force is preferably transmitted to both contact points. The driver is preferably guided with two spaced-apart pins as guide elements in the guide track, which can be designed, for example, as a groove or as a slot.

In a method according to the invention for moving a pull-out guide, the push element is first moved from a closed position in the opening direction. During the opening movement, a pull-out device is activated with a driver prestressed by an energy storage device, which is transferred from a parking position at an angled end section of the guideway into a straight section of the guideway, the driver not being self-locking in the parking position, but being held in a form-fitting manner. As a result, only a minimal amount of force has to be used to unlock the driver from the parking position, so that the driver then automatically moves the push element with the running rail in the opening direction, preferably up to the maximum opening position. The driver is coupled to a damper in order to brake the thrust element with the running rail after the engagement of an activator on the driver.

In the method, for easy handling, the movement of the thrust element from a closing position in the opening direction is initialized by pressing the thrust element in the closing direction.

The push element or the pull-out guide can additionally have a self-closing mechanism, which takes over the push element shortly before reaching the closed position and then automatically moves it into the closed position. It can also be provided that the push element or the pull-out guide is an opening device which moves the thrust element from a closed position into at least a partially opened position.

Figuren 1A bis 1C

mehrere Ansichten eines erfindungsgemäßen Auszuges beim Entriegeln des Mitnehmers aus der Parkposition;

Figuren 2A bis 2C

mehrere Ansichten des Auszuges der Figur 1 mit der Auszugsvorrichtung in einer mittleren Position des Mitnehmers;

Figuren 3A bis 3C

mehrere Ansichten des Auszuges der Figur 1 mit der Laufschiene in der maximalen Öffnungsposition;

Figur 4A

eine Ansicht des Auszuges der Figur 1 in der Parkposition des Mitnehmers;

Figuren 4B und 4C

zwei Detailansichten des in Figur 4A mit A markierten Bereiches;

Figuren 5A und 5B

zwei Ansichten einer modifizierten Auszugsvorrichtung für einen Auszug in einer Parkposition;

Figur 6

eine Ansicht der Auszugsvorrichtung der Figur 5 in einer Endposition;

Figur 7

eine Ansicht des Gehäuses der Auszugsvorrichtung der Figur 5;

Figuren 8A und 8B

zwei Ansichten der Auszugsvorrichtung der Figur 5 in der Parkposition und der Endposition, und

Figur 9

eine symbolische Darstellung des Reibkegels.

The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

Figures 1A to 1C

several views of an excerpt according to the invention when unlocking the driver from the parking position;

Figures 2A to 2C

several views of the excerpt from the Figure 1 with the pull-out device in a middle position of the driver;

Figures 3A to 3C

several views of the excerpt from the Figure 1 with the running rail in the maximum opening position;

Figure 4A

a view of the excerpt of the Figure 1 in the parking position of the driver;

Figures 4B and 4C

two detailed views of the in Figure 4A area marked A;

Figures 5A and 5B

two views of a modified pull-out device for a pull-out in a parking position;

Figure 6

a view of the pull-out device Figure 5 in a final position;

Figure 7

a view of the housing of the pull-out device Figure 5 ;

Figures 8A and 8B

two views of the pull-out device Figure 5 in the parking position and the end position, and

Figure 9

a symbolic representation of the friction cone.

A pull-out comprises a pull-out guide 1, which has a stationary rail 2, which is fixed to a bracket 3 or is formed integrally with it, which can be fixed to a body of a piece of furniture or a household appliance is. On the stationary rail 2, a middle rail 4 is movably held, which in turn serves to movably support a running rail 5, on which a push element, for example a drawer, shelf, grid or other component, is held. The rails are movably mounted on one another via rolling elements and/or sliding elements, with a push element also being able to be supported on two pull-out guides 1.

A pull-out device 10 is provided on the pull-out guide 1, which supports a movement of the running rail 5 in the opening and pull-out direction until it has reached the maximum pull-out position. For this purpose, an activator 6 is fixed to the running rail 5, which protrudes as a projection or web and can be coupled to a driver 14, which is formed along a guide track of a guide component 11, which is shown as a housing or plate. The guide component 11 is arranged in a stationary manner and can be connected to the stationary rail 2. Alternatively, it is also possible to provide the guide track with the guide component 11 on the movable unit, i.e. on the push element or the running rail 5, and to arrange the activator 6 in a stationary manner.

The pull-out device 10 includes an energy storage device 15, which in the illustrated embodiment is designed as a compression spring and applies a force to the driver 14. Furthermore, a damper 16 is provided on the guide component 11, which is shown as a linear damper with a damper housing and a piston rod, which brakes the movement of the driver 14 when the running rail 5 opens. The design of the energy storage 15 as a tension or compression spring can be varied. In addition, the damper 16 can also be mounted at a different position on the pull-out guide 1 and can optionally also be designed as a rotation damper.

In the Figures 1A to 1C the position of the pull-out guide 1 is shown, in which the running rail 5 has already been moved from the closed position in the opening direction and is shortly before the maximum opening position, for example at a distance between 2 cm to 10 cm before the maximum opening position. In this position, the activator 6 comes into engagement with the driver 14, which has a U-shaped receptacle that surrounds the activator 6. The activator 6 presses against one leg of the driver 14 and thus pivots it out of the parking position on an angled end section 13 of the guideway. After unlocking the driver 14, the unit consisting of driver 14 and activator 6 is further moved in the opening direction by the force of the energy storage device 15 pressed like this in the Figures 2A to 2C is shown. The driver 14 is now located in a straight section 12 of the guideway, and the force of the energy accumulator 15 acts in the opening direction to support the running rail 5 during the opening movement. The damper 16, on the other hand, slows down the movement in the opening direction in order to avoid loud banging. For this purpose, the damper 16 is designed as a tension damper, which brakes the driver 14 when the piston rod is extended, whereby the damper 16 can optionally also be designed as a pressure damper if it is arranged on the opposite side of the driver 14.

In the Figures 3A to 3C the running rail 5 is arranged in the maximum opening position, with the driver 14 being positioned in an end region of the straight section 12 of the guideway, although this does not necessarily have to rest against a stop on the guideway. In the maximum opening position, the running rail 5 is held by the energy accumulator 15 and the driver 14, so that a push element can be loaded and unloaded without the risk of the running rail 5 being moved in the closing direction due to small differences in inclination or a blast of air. Only when the user presses the push element in the closing direction is the driver 14 moved in the closing direction against the force of the energy storage 15 and recharges the energy storage 15. The thrust element is then acted upon by the force accumulator 15 when the driver 14 moves in the closing direction, the distance being traveled by the user being bridged by the pressing movement until the driver 14 reaches the angled end section 13 along the guide track and is pivoted there, so that the coupling between activator 6 and driver 14 is dissolved. The thrust element can now be moved further in the closing direction while freewheeling with the running rail 5 until, for example, a self-closing mechanism is activated, which takes over the thrust element shortly before reaching the closing position and then automatically moves it into the closing position.

In the Figures 4A to 4C the pull-out guide 1 with the pull-out device 10 is shown in detail, with the driver 14 in the parking position at the angled end section 13. The driver 14 has two spaced-apart pins as guide elements 17, which are guided in the guide track. The guide element 17 arranged in the angled end section 13 takes over the holding function when the driver 14 is arranged in the parking position with the energy accumulator 15 tensioned.

As in Figure 4B is shown, the force F _S acts on the guide element 17 through the force accumulator 15. The guide element 17 lies against a first wall 18 and a second wall 21 in the parking position. The guide element 17 is circular or arcuate at the first contact point 20 on the first wall 18 and the second contact point 23 on the second wall 21. As a result, the decomposed forces F _S1 and F _S2 of the force Fs act perpendicularly on the first and second walls 18, 21 in the end section 13 of the guideway. Therefore, no lateral forces act, so that the guide element 17 is not held in the park position in a self-locking or self-locking manner, and only rests positively against the walls 18, 21 of the guide track 24. In the Figures 4B and 4C the friction cones 19, 22 at the first and second contact points 20, 23 are shown schematically as a dashed line. The angle of the friction cone 19, 22 depends on the material pairing, the surface and the lubrication between the guide element 17 and the first and second walls 18, 21 of the guide track 24. Depending on the value of the friction angle p through which the friction cone 19, 22 is formed, the angle to be chosen is α, which results from the vertically acting forces F _S1 and F _S2 . The angle α must be chosen to be larger than the sum of the two values of the friction angle p so that no self-locking occurs. The first wall 18 with its contact point 20 is therefore at an angle α to the second wall 21 with its contact point 23. In Figure 4B one can see that the resulting spring force F _S will not intersect the friction cones 19, 22 at any point (α > sum of the friction angles p). The static friction force is permanently overcome and there is no self-locking mechanism. In Figure 4C the distribution of the forces F _S1 and F _S2 is shown, which are applied to the dashed friction cone.

In the Figures 5A a modified pull-out device 10' is shown, which can be used for a pull-out 1. A guide component 11 'is designed as a housing and includes a receptacle for an energy storage 15, which is designed as a tension spring and applies a force to a driver 14 movable along a guide track 24. Furthermore, a receptacle for a damper 16 is provided on the guide component 11 ', which is designed as a linear damper and has a damper housing 60 and a piston rod 61 in order to brake the movement of the driver 14 during an opening movement. The piston rod 61 is fixed to a holder 63 of the guide component 11 'via a connecting part 62. The damper housing 60 can be moved together with a carriage 30, which has a receptacle 31 for a first end of the damper housing 60 and a stop 32 for a second end of the damper housing 60. The carriage 30 can be moved linearly in the guide component 11 'and has a slot 33 perpendicular to the direction of movement, in which a guide element 17 of the driver 14 is arranged. The energy accumulator 15 is connected to the carriage 30, so that the driver 14 is acted upon by the force of the energy accumulator 15 in the extension direction via the carriage 30. As a result, the carriage 30 can be moved together with the driver 14, whereby the driver 14 can be pivoted in addition to the linear movement when moving into the angled end section 13 of the guide track 24 and is then also moved along the slot 33. The driver 14 has a receptacle 40 for an activator, not shown, which moves the driver 14 into the parking position via the first stop 41 and out of the parking position via the second stop 42. When the activator has moved the driver 14 out of the parking position, the activator is picked up by the receptacle 40 between the first and second stops 41, 42 and the pull-out guide 1 is moved in the pull-out direction via the energy storage 15.

In Figure 5B the front guide element 17 in the closing direction is shown on the angled end section 13. The energy storage 15 indirectly exerts a force F _S on the guide element 17, which in the parking position rests on the first wall 18 and the second wall 21, which is oriented at an angle to the first wall 18. The guide element 17 is designed as a pin or cylindrical bolt. No lateral forces act on the guide element 17 and it is not self-locking, but is held in the park position in a form-fitting manner and without self-locking. In Figure 5B the two friction cones 19, 22 at the first and second contact points 20 and 23 are shown schematically as a dashed line. The angle β of the friction cone 19, 22 depends on the material pairing, the surface and the lubrication between the guide element 17 and the first and second walls 18, 21 of the guide track 24.

In Figure 6 the driver 14 is arranged in the maximum opening position or end position, i.e. in an end region of the straight section 12 of the guide track 24. The energy storage 15 exerts a lower force than in the parking position. The piston rod 61 has been retracted into the damper housing 60.

The Figure 7 shows the guide component 11 'without the other components. The guide track 24 can be designed as a slot or groove. On the angled one The two walls 18 and 21, which are arranged at an angle to one another, are located in the end section 13 for holding the guide element 17 without self-locking.

The pull-out device 10' is connected to the driver 14 in Figure 8A in a parking position and in Figure 8B shown in an end position. Depending on the position of the driver 14, the damper 16 is compressed or pulled apart and the energy storage 15 is tensioned or essentially relaxed.

In Figure 9 the friction cone 19, 22 is shown. The friction cone 19, 22 has an angle β, with the bisector of the friction cone 19, 22 resulting in the friction angle ρ.

Reference symbol list

1

Excerpt guide

2

rail

3

Bracket

4

Middle rail

5

Running track

6

Activator

10, 10'

Pull-out device

11, 11'

Guide component

12

straight section

13

End section

14

taker

15

Energy storage

16

mute

17

Leadership element

18

first wall

19

first friction cone

20

first investment point

21

second wall

22

second friction cone

23

second investment point

24

guideway

30

Sleds

31

Recording

32

attack

33

slot

40

Recording

41

first attack

42

second attack

60

Damper housing

61

Piston rod

62

connecting part

63

holder

FS

Power

FS1

Power

FS2

Power

α

angle

β

Angle of the friction cone

ρ

Friction angle

Claims (9)

1. Pull-out unit, in particular for furniture or domestic appliances, comprising a pull-out guide (1) which has a stationary rail (2) and a running rail (5) which is displaceable relative to the stationary rail (2) and on which a drawer element can be supported, and a pull-out device (10) having a guide track (24), on which a driver (14) pretensioned by an energy storage device (15) is displaceable between a parked position in an angled end section (13) having the energy storage device (15) tensioned and a starting position having a less strongly tensioned energy storage device (15), wherein the running rail (5) is movable in the opening direction by moving the driver (14) into the starting position, and the driver (14) in the parked position is not held on the angled end section (13) of the guide track (24) in a self-locking but in an interlocking manner, and a pin-shaped guide element (17) is formed or can be arranged on the driver (14), wherein the guide element (17), in the parked position, rests against an interlocking contour at the angled end section (13), wherein the interlocking contour has a first wall (18) and a second wall (21) against which the guide element (17) rests, wherein the first wall (18) and the second wall (21) are arranged at an angle α to each other, wherein the angle α is greater than the sum of the friction angles (p) between the guide element (17) and the first and second walls (18, 21) and the angle α is smaller than 180°.
2. Pull-out unit according to one of claim 1, characterized in that the guide element (17) is designed circular or arcuate at a first contact point (20) on the first wall (18) and a second contact point (23) on the second wall (21).
3. Pull-out unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pull-out device (10) is used to move the running rail (5) into a maximum opening position.
4. Pull-out unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pull-out device (10) has a damper (16) by means of which the movement of the running rail (5) with the drawer element can be braked.
5. Pull-out unit according to claim 4, characterized in that the damper (16) acts on the driver (14) on the guide track (24).
6. Pull-out unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy storage device (15) has a spring which is designed as a tension or compression spring.
7. Pull-out unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an activator (6) is fixed to the running rail which is displaceable relative to the stationary rail (5) or to the drawer element or to the stationary rail (5) or to a stationary piece of furniture or domestic appliance, which is movable relative to the pull-out device (10) in engagement with the driver (14) when the running rail (5) is shortly before the maximum opening position.
8. Pull-out unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the driver (14) is guided in the guide track (24) by two pins spaced apart from each other as guide elements (17) and the driver (14) is held in the parked position via the pin arranged in the end section (13).
9. Method for moving a pull-out guide (1) of a pull-out unit according to one of claims 1 to 8 having a drawer element, comprising the following steps of

   - moving the drawer element from a closing position in the opening direction;

   - activating a pull-out device (10) with the driver (14) which is pretensioned by the energy storage device (5) and which is transferred from the parked position at the angled end section (13) of the guide track into the straight section of the guide track, wherein the driver (14) is not held in the parked position in a self-locking manner, but in an interlocking manner, and

   - moving the drawer element on the running rail (5) of the pull-out guide (1) via the driver (14) into the maximum opening position,

   - wherein the driver (14) is coupled to a damper (16) and the movement of the drawer element is braked before reaching the maximum opening position, and

   - the movement of the drawer element from the closing position in the opening direction is initialized by pushing the drawer element in the closing direction, and

   - the movement of the drawer element in opening direction is supported or carried out by an opening device at least over a partial distance.

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