CN112512375A

CN112512375A - Pull-out unit and method for moving a pull-out guide having a drawer element

Info

Publication number: CN112512375A
Application number: CN201980051375.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: F·哈特曼
Original assignee: Paul Hettich Co ltd
Current assignee: Paul Hettich Co ltd; Paul Hettich GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2018-08-01
Filing date: 2019-07-11
Publication date: 2021-03-16
Also published as: DE102018118721A1; WO2020025287A1; EP3829396B1; ES2968238T3; EP3829396A1

Abstract

A pull-out unit, in particular for furniture or household appliances, comprising: a pull-out guide (1) comprising a fixed rail (2) and a sliding rail (5) which is displaceable relative to the fixed rail (2) and on which a drawer element can be supported; and a pull-out device (10) having a guide track (24) on which a drive (14) prestressed by an energy storage device (15) can be displaced between a parking position, in which an angled end section (13) pretensions the energy storage device (15), and a starting position, in which the energy storage device (15) is not tensioned strongly, wherein the sliding track (5) can be moved in the opening direction by moving the drive (14) into the starting position, wherein the drive (14) in the parking position is not held in a self-locking manner but in an interlocking manner on the angled end section (13) of the guide track (24). The invention also relates to a method for moving a pull-out guide (1) having a drawer element.

Description

Pull-out unit and method for moving a pull-out guide having a drawer element

Technical Field

The invention relates to a pull-out unit, in particular for furniture or household appliances, having: a pull-out guide comprising a fixed rail and a sliding rail, the sliding rail being displaceable relative to the fixed rail and on which a drawer element can be supported; and a pull-out device having a guide rail on which a drive pretensioned by an energy storage device can be displaced between a parking position, in which an angled end section tensions the energy storage device, and a starting position, in which the energy storage device is less strongly tensioned, wherein the sliding rail can be moved in an opening direction by moving the drive to the starting position, and a method for moving a pull-out guide with a drawer element.

Background

It is known to equip the pull-out guide with a self-closing mechanism which supports the drawer when it is moved in the closing direction before it reaches the closed position and pulls it into the closed position by means of an actuator pretensioned by a spring. In this case, the closing movement can also be slowed down by means of a damper. Thus, users are accustomed to jerking open the drawer and thereby switching the drawer to a self-closing mechanism which arrests the movement of the drawer and then gently pulls it to the closed position. Thus, it is not important for such a self-closing mechanism whether a certain amount of force is required to release the drive from the parking position to activate the self-closing mechanism.

From EP 1816927, a pull-out guide for a drawer is known, wherein a rail of the pull-out guide can be moved substantially into a fully open position by means of an energy storage device. The energy storage means is only active over a part of the path of movement and the drive means comprises a tilting segment which is spring-loaded and movable along the guide track. In order to be able to bring the drive in the parking position with the tensioned energy storage device, the inclined section is positioned at the angled end section in a self-locking manner. This has the disadvantage that during the opening movement of the drawer, the user has to exert a force to release the tilting segments from the parking position. In contrast to the closing movement, the user still engages the drawer with one hand during the opening movement and therefore experiences a resistance when triggering the self-closing mechanism with unlocking of the tilting segments. When opening, the self-locking action and the spring force must be overcome.

Disclosure of Invention

It is therefore an object of the invention to create a pull-out unit in which the pull-out means acting in the opening direction are easier to operate.

This object is achieved by a pull-out unit having the features of claim 1 and a method having the features of claim 13.

In a pull-out unit according to the invention, a pull-out device is provided, wherein the drive is movable between a parking position in which the angled end section of the guide rail tensions the energy storage device and a starting position in which the energy storage device is less strongly tensioned, wherein in the parking position the drive is not held at the angled end section of the guide rail in a self-locking manner but in an interlocking manner. The force required to release the pull-out device is therefore significantly less than in a self-locking arrangement of the drive, which must overcome the spring force and self-locking. In the solution according to the invention, the driver is held at the end section of the guide track in an interlocking manner and can therefore easily be pivoted out of the rest position when the activator is engaged in the driver.

Self-locking is the resistance caused by friction against the sliding of the drive along the guide track. Depending on the angle of inclination and the surface roughness of the contact surface, the drive and the guide track may be designed such that essentially no self-locking occurs in the parking position, but only an interlocking arrangement is provided to hold the drive. This allows the drive to be released from the parking position without having to apply a large force. Due to mass inertia, less force is required to pivot the drive, but these forces are negligible relative to other forces caused by the energy storage device and gravity.

Preferably, a pin-shaped guide element is formed or arrangeable on the drive, wherein in the parking position the guide element rests on the interlocking profiles at the angled end section. Such an interlocking profile may have a first wall and a second wall against which the guide element abuts. The first and second walls are arranged at an angle α to each other, wherein the angle α is larger than the sum of the friction angles ρ between the guiding element and the first and second walls. The first wall and the second wall may optionally be arranged at an angle between 70 ° and 110 °. Preferably, the angle α is less than 180 °. The friction angle ρ depends on the material pairing, the surface and the lubrication between the guide element and the first and second walls of the guide track. The friction angle ρ corresponds to half the angle β of the friction cone.

According to a preferred embodiment, the pull-out device allows the sliding rail to be moved to a maximum opening position. The maximum open position is defined by at least one stop that prevents the track from moving in the opening direction. The stop can be designed in particular on the rail guiding the sliding rail, i.e. on the fixed rail or the central rail.

The pull-out device preferably comprises a damper, by means of which the movement of the sliding rail together with the drawer element can be braked. Such a damper can be designed, for example, as a linear damper with a damper housing and a linearly movable piston rod with a piston, or as a rotary damper or a damper made of an elastic material. Preferably, the damper acts directly or indirectly on the drive on the guide rail, thereby ensuring a compact design of the pull-out device.

The energy storage device provided for pulling out the guide can have at least one spring which is designed to tension or compress the spring. This allows the drive to be loaded by the energy storage device over a relatively long travel distance along the guide track.

The activator, which is preferably fixed to the sliding rail or the body rail, can be designed, for example, as a projection or web, which can engage with the drive when the sliding rail is at a short distance before the maximum opening position. The engagement of the activator with the drive takes place, for example, in a region between 2cm and 10cm, in particular 3cm to 8cm, before the maximum opening position. Once the activator has engaged the driver, the damper may be activated to slow the driver. The activator can also be located on the movable furniture part, or on the body part of the pull-out guide (korpous winkel) or on the fixed furniture part. In this case, the activator is essentially moved relative to the pull-out device.

Preferably, the drive is guided in the guide track by means of a guide element which, in the parking position, rests against two contact points of the guide track. In the parking position, the force of the energy storage device is initiated at both contact points, so that preferably the entire force is transmitted to both contact points.

The driver is preferably guided by two spaced apart pins as guide elements in a guide track, which may be for example groove-shaped or slot-shaped.

In the method according to the invention for moving a pull-out guide, first of all the drawer element is moved from the closed position in the opening direction. During the opening movement, a pull-out device with a drive pretensioned by an energy storage device is activated, which drive is transferred from a parking position at an angled end section of the guide rail to a straight section of the guide rail, wherein the drive is not self-locking in the parking position, but is held in an interlocking manner. This means that only a minimum force is required to unlock the drive from the parking position, so that the drive then automatically moves the drawer element with the sliding rail in the opening direction, preferably to the maximum opening position. The actuator may be coupled to the damper to arrest the drawer element having the sliding track after engaging the activator in the actuator.

For ease of handling, in this method the movement of the drawer element from the closed position in the opening direction can be initiated by pushing the drawer element in the closing direction.

The drawer element or the pull-out guide can additionally have a self-closing mechanism which takes over the drawer element shortly before the closed position is reached and then automatically moves the drawer element into the closed position. It can also be provided that the drawer element or the pull-out guide has an opening device which moves the drawer element from a closed position into at least one partially open position.

Drawings

The invention is explained in more detail below by means of exemplary embodiments with reference to the attached drawings, in which:

fig. 1A to 1C show various views of a pull-out unit according to the invention when unlocking a drive from a parking position;

fig. 2A to 2C show various views of the pull-out unit of fig. 1, with the pull-out device in a central position of the drive;

fig. 3A to 3C show various views of the pull-out unit of fig. 1 with the slide rail in a maximally open position;

fig. 4A shows a view of the pull-out unit of fig. 1 in a parking position of the drive;

FIGS. 4B and 4C show two detailed views of the area labeled A in FIG. 4A;

fig. 5A and 5B show two views of a modified pull-out device for a pull-out unit in a parking position;

fig. 6 shows a view of the pull-out device of fig. 5 in an end position;

fig. 7 shows a view of the housing of the pull-out device of fig. 5;

fig. 8A and 8B show two views of the pull-out device of fig. 5 in a parking position and an end position, an

Fig. 9 shows a schematic view of a friction cone.

Detailed Description

The pull-out unit comprises a pull-out guide 1 having a fixing rail 2 fixed to or integral with a mounting bracket 3 fixable to the body of a piece of furniture or household appliance. The central rail 4 is movably held on a fixed rail 2 which in turn serves to displaceably support a sliding rail 5 on which a drawer element, such as a drawer, shelf, grid or other component, is held. The rails are displaceably mounted on each other via rolling elements and/or sliding elements, wherein the drawer element can also be supported on the two pull-out guides 1.

The pull-out guide 1 is provided with a pull-out device 10 which supports the movement of the sliding rail 5 in the opening and pull-out direction until it reaches the maximum pull-out position. To this end, an activator 6 is fixed to the sliding rail 5, which activator protrudes as a projection or web and can be coupled to a drive 14 formed along the guide rail of the guide part 11, which is shown as a housing or plate. The guide part 11 is arranged stationary and can be connected to the stationary rail 2. Alternatively, it is also possible to provide a guide rail with the guide member 11 on the displaceable unit, i.e. on the drawer element or the sliding rail 5, and to arrange the activator 6 in a fixed position.

The pull-out device 10 comprises an energy storage device 15, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is designed as a compression spring and exerts a force on the driver 14. Furthermore, a damper 16, which is represented as a linear damper with a damper housing and a piston rod, is provided on the guide part 11, which damper brakes the movement of the actuator 14 during the opening movement of the sliding rail 5. The design of the energy storage device 15 as a tension or compression spring may vary. In addition, the damper 16 can also be mounted at different positions of the pull-out guide 1 and can optionally be designed as a rotary damper.

Fig. 1A to 1C show the position of the pull-out guide 1, in which the sliding rail 5 has been moved from the closed position in the opening direction just before the maximum opening position, for example at a distance of between 2cm and 10cm before the maximum opening position. In this position, the activator 6 engages with a driver 14 having a U-shaped receptacle surrounding the activator 6. The activator 6 presses on one leg of the drive 14 and thus pivots it away from the parking position of the angled end section 13 of the guide rail. After unlocking the driver 14, the unit consisting of the driver 14 and the activator 6 is pressed further in the opening direction under the force of the energy storage device 15, as shown in fig. 2A to 2C. The drive 14 is now in the linear section 12 of the guide rail and the force of the energy storage device 15 acts in the opening direction to assist the opening movement of the sliding rail 5. On the other hand, the damper 16 slows down the movement in the opening direction to avoid a large impact. For this purpose, the damper 16 is designed as a tension damper, which brakes the drive 14 when the piston rod is extended. Optionally, if the damper 16 is arranged on the opposite side of the driver 14, it can also be designed as a pressure damper.

In fig. 3A to 3C, the sliding track 5 is arranged in a maximum open position, wherein the driver 14 is positioned in the end section of the linear section 12 of the guide track, but said section does not necessarily have to be in contact with a stop on the guide track. In the maximum open position, the sliding rail 5 is held by the energy storage device 15 and the drive 14, so that the drawer element can be loaded and unloaded without the risk of the sliding rail 5 moving in the closing direction due to a difference in inclination or an air impact. Only when the user pushes the drawer element in the closing direction does the driver 14 move in the closing direction against the force of the energy storage device 15 and recharge the energy storage device 15. When the driver 14 is moved in the closing direction, the drawer element is then pressurized by the energy storage device 15, wherein the user shortens the distance by a push-in movement until the driver 14 reaches the angled end section 13 along the guide path and pivots there, so that the coupling between the activator 6 and the driver 14 is released. The drawer element can now be moved further with the sliding rail 5 instrument in the closing direction in the free-wheel mode until, for example, a self-closing mechanism is activated, which takes over the drawer element shortly before reaching the closed position and then automatically moves it into the closed position.

Fig. 4A to 4C show the pull-out guide 1 with the pull-out device 10 in detail, with the drive 14 in the parking position at the angled end section 13. The driver 14 has as guide elements 17 two spaced apart pins which are guided in guide tracks. When the drive 14 is in the parking position with the energy storage device 15 tensioned, the guide element 17 located in the angled end section 13 assumes the retaining function.

As shown in fig. 4B, force F_SActing on the guide element 17 via the energy storage device 15. In the parking position, the guide element 17 rests against the first wall 18 and the second wall 21. The guide element 17 is circular or arcuate at a first contact point 20 on the first wall 18 and a second contact point 23 on the second wall 21. Thus, force F_SDecomposition force F of_S1And F_S2The first wall 18 and the second wall 21 act vertically in the end section 13 of the guide rail. Thus, no lateral forces act, so that the guide element 17 is not held in a self-locking manner or in the parking position without self-locking, but only bears in an interlocking manner against the

walls

18, 21 of the guide rail 24. Fig. 4B and 4C schematically show the

friction cones

19, 22 in dashed lines at the first contact point 20 and the second contact point 23. The angle of the

friction cones

19, 22 depends on the material pairing, the surface and the lubrication between the guide element 17 and the first wall 18 and the second wall 21 of the guide track 24. The angle α to be selected is determined by the vertically acting force F, depending on the value of the friction angle ρ forming the

friction cones

19, 22_S1And F_S2The resulting angle alpha. The angle alpha must be chosen to be greater than the sum of the two values of the friction angle p so that no self-locking occurs. Thus, the first wall 18 with its contact point 20 is at an angle α to the second wall 21 with its contact point 23. In fig. 4B, it can be seen that the resulting spring force F_SIt will not intersect the

friction cones

19, 22 at any point (α > sum of the friction angles ρ). This permanently overcomes the static friction and no self-locking occurs. FIG. 4C shows force F_S1And F_S2The two forces are applied to the friction cone with the dotted line.

Fig. 5A shows a modified pull-out device 10' which can be used for the pull-out unit 1. The guide part 11' is designed as a housing and comprises a receptacle for an energy storage device 15, which is designed to tension a spring and to exert a force on the drive 14 that can be moved along the guide track 24. In addition, the guide part 11' is provided with a receptacle for a damper 16, which is designed as a linear damper and has a damper housing 60 and a piston rod 61 to brake the movement of the actuator 14 during the opening movement. The piston rod 61 is fixed to a holder 63 of the guide member 11' via a connector 62. The damper housing 60 is movable with the slider 30 having the receiving portion 31 for the first end of the damper housing 60 and the stopper 32 for the second end of the damper housing 60. The slide 30 is linearly movable in the guide part 11' and comprises a slot 33 perpendicular to the direction of movement, in which slot the guide element 17 of the driver 14 is arranged. The energy storage device 15 is connected to the slide 30 such that the drive 14 is subjected to the force of the energy storage device 15 in the pull-out direction via the slide 30. This enables the slide 30 to move together with the driver 14, wherein the driver 14 can be pivoted into the angled end section 13 of the guide rail 24 in addition to the linear movement during the movement and then also moved along the slot 33. The drive 14 has a receptacle 40 for an activator (not shown) which moves the drive 14 over a first stop 41 into the parking position and over a second stop 42 out of the parking position. When the activator has moved the drive 14 out of the parking position, the activator is received by the receptacle 40 between the first stop 41 and the second stop 42 and the pull-out guide 1 is moved in the pull-out direction via the energy storage device 15.

Fig. 5B shows the guide element 17 at the angled end section 13, which guide element 17 is at the front in the closing direction. The energy storage device 15 exerts a force F indirectly on the guide element 17_SIn the parking position, the force is applied against the first wall 18 and against the second wall 21, which is oriented at an angle with respect to the first wall 18. The guide elements 17 are designed as pins or cylindrical bolts. There are no lateral forces acting on the guide element 17 and therefore it is not in a self-locking manner but rather in a manner such that it is self-lockingThe interlocking manner remains in the parking position and therefore without any self-locking action. In fig. 5B, the two

friction cones

19, 22 at the first contact point 20 and the second contact point 23, respectively, are shown in dashed lines. The angle β of the

friction cones

19, 22 depends on the material pairing, the surface and the lubrication between the guide element 17 and the first wall 18 and the second wall 21 of the guide track 24.

In fig. 6, the drive 14 is in the maximum opening position or end position, i.e. in the end region of the linear section 12 of the guide track 24. The force exerted by the energy storage means 15 is less than in the case of the parking position. The piston rod 61 has been retracted into the damper housing 60.

Fig. 7 shows the guide member 11' without further components. The guide track 24 may be designed as a slot or a groove. At the angled end section 13, the two

walls

18 and 21 are arranged at an angle to each other to hold the guide member 17 without self-locking.

Fig. 8A shows the pull-out device 10' with the drive 14 in the parking position and with the drive 14 in the end position in fig. 8B. Depending on the position of the driver 14, the damper 16 is compressed or extended and the energy storage device 15 is tensioned or substantially released.

Fig. 9 shows the

friction cones

19, 22. The

friction cones

19, 22 have an angle β, wherein the bisectors of the angles of the

friction cones

19, 22 provide the friction angle ρ.

List of reference numerals

1 pull-out guide

2 track

3 mounting bracket

4 center rail

5 sliding rail

6 actuator

10. 10' pull-out device

11. 11' guide member

12 straight line segment

13 end section

14 driver

15 energy storage device

16 damper

17 guide element

18 first wall

19 first friction cone

20 first contact point

21 second wall

22 second friction cone

23 second contact point

24 guide rail

30 sliding part

31 accommodating part

32 stop

33 slot

40 receiving part

41 first stop

42 second stop

60 damper housing

61 piston rod

62 connecting part

63 holder

F_SForce of

F_S1Force of

F_S2Force of

Angle alpha

Angle of beta friction cone

ρ friction angle.

Claims

1. A pull-out unit, in particular for furniture or household appliances, comprising: a pull-out guide (1) having a fixed rail (2) and a sliding rail (5) which is displaceable relative to the fixed rail (2) and on which a drawer element can be supported; and a pull-out device (10) having a guide rail (24) on which a drive (14) pretensioned by an energy storage device (15) can be displaced between a parking position, in which an angled end section (13) tensions the energy storage device (15), and a starting position, in which the energy storage device (15) is less strongly tensioned, wherein the slide rail (5) can be moved in the opening direction by moving the drive (14) into the starting position, characterized in that in the parking position the drive (14) is not held in a self-locking manner but in an interlocking manner on the angled end section (13) of the guide rail (24).

2. The pull-out unit according to claim 1, characterized in that a pin-shaped guide element (17) is formed or can be arranged on the driver (14), wherein the guide element (17) abuts on an interlocking profile at the angled end section (13) in the parking position.

3. Pull-out unit according to claim 2, wherein the interlocking profile has a first wall (18) and a second wall (21), against which the guide element (17) rests.

4. The pull-out unit according to claim 3, characterized in that the first wall (18) and the second wall (21) are arranged at an angle a to each other, wherein the angle a is larger than the sum of the friction angle (p) between the guiding element (17) and the first wall (18) and the second wall (21).

5. The pull-out unit according to claim 4, wherein the angle a is smaller than 180 °.

6. The pull-out unit according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the guide element (17) is designed to be circular or arc-shaped at a first contact point (20) on the first wall (18) and a second contact point (23) on the second wall (21).

7. Pull-out unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pull-out device (10) is used to move the sliding rail (5) to a maximally open position.

8. Pull-out unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pull-out device (10) has a damper (16) by means of which the movement of the sliding rail (5) together with the drawer element can be braked.

9. The pull-out unit according to claim 8, characterized in that the damper (16) acts on the drive (14) on the guide rail (24).

10. The pull-out unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy storage device (15) has a spring which is designed to tension or compress the spring.

11. Pull-out unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an activator (6) is fixed to the sliding rail displaceable relative to the fixed rail (5), or to the drawer element, or to the fixed rail (5), or to a component of a fixed furniture or household appliance, which activator is movable relative to the pull-out device (10) to engage with the drive (14) when the sliding rail (5) is at a short distance before the maximum open position.

12. The pull-out unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive (14) is guided in the guide track (24) by two pins spaced apart from each other as guide elements (17), and the drive (14) is held in the parking position via the pins arranged in the end section (13).

13. Method for moving a pull-out guide (1) with a drawer element, comprising the steps of:

-moving the drawer element in an opening direction from a closed position;

-activating a pull-out device (10) with a drive (14) which is pretensioned by an energy storage device (5) and is transferred from a parking position at an angled end section (13) of a guide rail to a straight section of the guide rail, wherein the drive (14) is not held in a self-locking manner but in an interlocking manner in the parking position, and

-moving the drawer element via the drive (14) to a maximum open position on a sliding track (5) of the pull-out guide (1).

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the driver (14) is coupled to a damper (16) and brakes movement of the drawer element prior to reaching the maximum open position.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14,

-movement of the drawer element in the opening direction from a closed position is initiated by pushing the drawer element in the closing direction;

the movement of the drawer element in the opening direction is facilitated or carried out at least over part of the distance by the opening device.