EP3802025B1 - Verfahren zur optimierung einer scherbank und entsprechende scherbank - Google Patents

Verfahren zur optimierung einer scherbank und entsprechende scherbank Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3802025B1
EP3802025B1 EP19726716.4A EP19726716A EP3802025B1 EP 3802025 B1 EP3802025 B1 EP 3802025B1 EP 19726716 A EP19726716 A EP 19726716A EP 3802025 B1 EP3802025 B1 EP 3802025B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
film
parameters
bench
counter
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Active
Application number
EP19726716.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3802025C0 (de
EP3802025A1 (de
Inventor
Gildas HUBERT
Paul CALVEZ
Frédéric THEPAUT
Christophe Derennes
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Armor SAS
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Armor SAS
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Publication of EP3802025B1 publication Critical patent/EP3802025B1/de
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/005Computer numerical control means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/12Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
    • B26D1/14Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter
    • B26D1/143Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a stationary axis
    • B26D1/15Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a stationary axis with vertical cutting member
    • B26D1/151Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter rotating about a stationary axis with vertical cutting member for thin material, e.g. for sheets, strips or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26DCUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/007Control means comprising cameras, vision or image processing systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for developing a shear bench for a film having a thickness less than or equal to 10 micrometers and an associated shear bench.
  • Shearing benches comprising at least one set of a blade and a counter-blade configured to cut the film.
  • the blade and the counter-blade are typically circular blades fixed on respective rollers.
  • the film is capable of passing through the shearing bench between the rollers.
  • the performance of the shear bench is not entirely satisfactory.
  • the productivity of the shear bench as well as the quality of the film product are not optimal.
  • the present description relates to a method for developing a film shearing bench, the method being according to claim 1.
  • the development method comprises one or more of the characteristics of claims 2 to 7, taken in isolation or in all technically possible combinations.
  • a shear bench 1 of a film is presented on the Figure 1 .
  • the shear bench 1 is configured to cut a film 2 (visible, in particular, on the Figure 2 ).
  • Film 2 has a thickness of between 4 and 10 micrometers, preferably less than or equal to 6 micrometers.
  • Film 2 is, for example, made of polymer, for example of the polyamide or polyester type, such as polyethylene terephthalate, or PET.
  • the film 2 is in particular bi-oriented.
  • bi-oriented it is understood that the film 2 has a first face and a second face opposite the first face.
  • the first face is coated with at least one layer of ink which is in particular heat-meltable.
  • the layer of ink on the first face is intended to be transferred during printing on a receiving medium.
  • the receiving medium is, for example, associated with an adhesion layer and/or a layer for protecting the ink layer of the film 2.
  • the second face of the film 2 is coated with at least one layer called the back intended to protect the film 2.
  • the second face has in particular a sliding surface. In particular, the sliding surface allows scrolling under the print heads.
  • the film 2 has a first PET face coated with a layer of ink composed of waxes, resins and at least one pigment, such as carbon black.
  • the second face is coated with a layer composed of silicone derivatives.
  • the shearing bench 1 is in particular configured to cut the film 2 supplied in the form of a ribbon intended to slide in a direction of travel D1 through the shearing bench 1.
  • the shearing bench 1 is configured to cut the film 2 having a length in the direction of travel D1 of between 300 meters and 1200 meters.
  • a second direction D2 is defined which is substantially orthogonal to the direction of travel D1.
  • the second direction is horizontal.
  • a third direction D3 is defined which is orthogonal to the direction of travel D1 and orthogonal to the second direction D2.
  • the shear bench 1 comprises a plurality of elements. Each element is characterized by a plurality of parameters, all of the parameters forming the parameters of the shear bench 1.
  • the shearing bench 1 comprises at least one set of blades 10, a system 12 for unwinding the film 2 and a system 14 for applying the set of blades 10.
  • Each set of blades 10 comprises a blade 20 and a counter-blade 21 cooperating with the blade 20 (visible in particular on the Figure 2 ).
  • Each blade 20 comprises a knife 22 comprising a cutting edge and a suspension 23 configured to apply the knife 22 against the counter-blade 21.
  • Each blade 20 is a circular blade.
  • circular blade is meant a blade in the shape of a circle in a plane perpendicular to the third direction D3.
  • the cutting edge has a circular shape.
  • Each counterblade 21 is, for example, a ring comprising a cavity 24 configured to receive a portion of the blade 20 comprising the cutting edge.
  • the counterblade 21 is a circular blade.
  • Each set of blades 10 comprises a plurality of technical parameters.
  • the parameters are technical properties of the blade 20 and the counterblade 21.
  • the thickness of the blade 20 is defined according to the third direction D3.
  • the thickness corresponds in particular to that of the cutting edge of the blade 20 which is intended to be in contact with the film 2.
  • the thickness of the blade 20 is equal to 0.5 millimeters (mm).
  • the thickness of the counterblade 21 is defined according to the third direction D3.
  • the thickness of the counterblade 21 corresponds to the maximum thickness according to the third direction D3.
  • the diameter of the blade 20 or the counter-blade 21 is defined according to the direction of travel D1 or according to the second direction D2.
  • the material of the blade 20 and the counterblade 21 comprises, for example, ceramic or steel.
  • the knife 22 of the blade 20 comprises, for example, essentially tungsten carbide which is preferably coated with ceramic.
  • the geometry of the blade 20 is notably defined by a shear angle formed between the blade 20 and the film 2.
  • the shear angle is substantially equal to 90 degrees.
  • the geometry of the blade 20 further includes the shape of the knife 22.
  • the knife 22 includes a rectangular base ending in a point to form the cutting edge.
  • the lateral displacement of the blade 20 relative to the counter-blade 21 is also taken into account.
  • a knife 22 comprising a parabolic shape is particularly advantageous for cutting the film 2.
  • the thickness of the cutting edge of a knife of parabolic shape is smaller than the thickness of the cutting edge of a knife of linear shape.
  • the film 2 unwinding system 12 comprises at least a first roller 25 having a first axis of rotation and a second roller 26 having a second axis of rotation substantially parallel to the first axis of rotation.
  • the unwinding system 12 further comprises carrier supports 28 capable of carrying the first and second rollers 25, 26.
  • the first and second rollers 25, 26 are rotatable about the first and second axis respectively relative to the carrier supports 28.
  • the first roller 25 is provided with the blades 20 and the second roller 26 is provided with the counter-blades 21.
  • the scrolling system 12 further comprises drive motors 30 for the first and second rollers 25, 26.
  • the running speed of film 2 is defined relative to shear bench 1.
  • the running speed is, for example, equal to 400 meters per minute.
  • the film tension 2 corresponds to the physical force applied to film 2 in the direction of travel D1 or in the third direction D3.
  • the force is approximately equal to 10 Newtons.
  • the application system 14 is configured to apply the blade 20 and the counter-blade 21 against each other to shear the film 2.
  • the application system 14 comprises at least one device 40 for moving the first roller 25 and/or the second roller 26 and at least one controller 42.
  • the movement device 40 comprises, for example, a vertical rail on which one end of the first and/or second roller 25, 26 is mounted to move in translation.
  • the movement device 40 is configured to move the first roller 25 and/or the second roller 26 in the second direction D2.
  • the movement device 40 comprises, for example, a vertical rail on which one end of the first and/or second roller 25, 26 is mounted to move in translation.
  • displacement 40 is configured to move the first roller 25 and/or the second roller 26 in the third direction D3.
  • Controller 42 is, for example, a computer.
  • the controller 42 is notably configured to send commands to the movement device 40 and to control the operation of the movement device 40.
  • the rotational speed of each blade 20 is the rotational speed of the first roller 25 and the rotational speed of each counter-blade 21 is the rotational speed of the second roller 26.
  • the pressure applied to each blade 20 or to each counter-blade 21 is a force exerted on each blade 20 or counter-blade 21.
  • the applied pressure depends on a plurality of factors.
  • the applied pressure depends on the rotational speed of the blade 20 or counter-blade 21 and a thickness of the film 2.
  • the applied pressure is, for example, equal to 50 Newtons.
  • the ratio of the rotation speed of the blade 20 to the rotation speed of the counterblade 21 is a technical parameter that has an impact on blade wear. In particular, when the speeds are very different, the blades 20, 21 are more worn. For example, the ratio is equal to 5%.
  • the overlap of the blade 20 with the counter-blade 21 is observed in a plane perpendicular to the direction of travel D1. As visible, for example, on the Figure 2 , a part of blade 20 is contained in the cavity 24, that is to say the blade 20 overlaps with the counter-blade 21.
  • the fine-tuning method 100 is implemented, an example of implementation being described in the following.
  • the method comprises at least one selection step 110, one measurement step 120 and one comparison step 130.
  • the parameters of the shear bench 1 are chosen.
  • the parameters of the blade assemblies 10, of the film 2 unwinding system 12 and of the application system 14 are chosen.
  • the parameters are chosen randomly, from a range of predefined values for each parameter.
  • each parameter is chosen according to a commercially available shear bench.
  • a table of compatible parameters is previously defined.
  • One parameter is chosen, for example randomly, and the other parameters are defined using the table.
  • the controller 42 determines a combination of parameters.
  • the combination of parameters comprises a large number of variants, which implies an automated definition of parameters by the controller 42.
  • the performance of the shear bench 1 having the chosen parameters is measured.
  • This performance is evaluated by assessing a plurality of physical quantities associated with shear bench 1.
  • the throughput sub-criterion is measured by determining the length of film 2 passed through shear bench 1 over a predefined period of time. For example, the length of film 2 passed over 24 hours is measured. For example, when the shear bench is frequently shut down, for example for maintenance reasons, the length of film 2 passed through shear bench 1 is low, while other sub-criteria are kept constant.
  • the speed sub-criterion is evaluated by measuring the rotation speed of the rollers 25, 26, for example by a tachometer.
  • the fouling sub-criterion is measured, for example, by at least one image sensor, such as a camera, in particular capable of determining residues on the blade 20 and/or the counter-blade 21.
  • image sensor such as a camera
  • the sub-criterion of the quality of the film 2 is evaluated by taking into account one or more factors among the homogeneity or not of the thickness of the film 2, the homogeneity or not of the width of the film 2, the straightness or not of a cutting edge of the film 2 and the fraying or not of the cutting edge.
  • the sub-criterion of the quality of the film 2 is evaluated by a user of the shear bench 1 or by a control machine equipped with optical control sensors.
  • the sub-criterion of the service life of the blades is evaluated by measuring the correct operating time of the blade 20 and the counter-blade 21.
  • corrected operation it is understood that the blade assembly 10 cuts the film 2 according to predefined requirements concerning in particular the cutting edge.
  • the service life of the blades 20, 21 is reduced when the blades 20, 21 heat up, for example due to a high rotation speed of the blades 20, 21.
  • the measured value for shear bench 1 corresponding to an evaluation criterion of shear bench 1 is determined.
  • the sub-criteria are combined by applying a weighting during measurement step 120.
  • the weighting includes, for example, at least one multidimensional function.
  • the function includes a functional variable.
  • the function includes two functional variables.
  • the weighting is such that only the speed and fouling sub-criteria are used.
  • the measured speed is a first functional variable and the measured fouling is the second functional variable.
  • the result of the function is the measured value.
  • the measured value is obtained.
  • comparison step 130 the measured value is compared with a desired value.
  • the desired value is preferably defined prior to an implementation of the development method.
  • the desired value is, for example, defined based on requirements for shear bench 1.
  • the steps of choice 110, measurement 120 and comparison 130 are repeated, as visible on the Figure 3 symbolizing an iteration by the arrow 150.
  • at least one of the selected parameters are modified among the parameters of each set of blades 10, of the scrolling system 12 and of the application system 14.
  • the shear angle between blade 20 and film 2 is the angle between the normal to film 2 and the position of blade 20.
  • the previous parameters are called main parameters in the following.
  • the main parameters are the parameters having the highest impact on the performance of the shear bench 1 among the parameters of the blade assemblies 10, the scroll system 12 and the application system 14.
  • the speed of scrolling of the film 2 is linked to the pressure applied to each blade 20 and to the pressure applied to each counter-blade 21, in particular due to the fact that the set of blades 10 cuts, over a period of time considered, a greater length of the film 2 if the speed of movement of the film 2 is increased.
  • Steps 110, 120 and 130 are preferably repeated until the measured value is greater than or equal to the desired value.
  • a selection step 140 is implemented.
  • the parameters chosen during the last previous iteration I of the method 100 are selected for the operation of the shear bench 1.
  • the method of developing 100 the shear bench 1 has a plurality of advantages.
  • the geometry of the films 2 obtained is not taken into account.
  • the development method 100 thus makes it possible to obtain the desired performance of the shear bench 1. Thanks to the development method 100, a shear bench 1 having improved properties is thus obtained.
  • the shear bench 1 in manual use, has a maximum speed of 500 meters per minute (the speed is limited), a service life of the blades 20 / counter-blades 21 of between 5 and 8 million linear meters and makes it possible to obtain 4000 linear meters per hour.
  • the shear bench 1 has a maximum speed of between 800 meters per minute and 900 meters per minute, a service life of the blades 20 / counter-blades 21 greater than or equal to 10 million linear meters and allows 10,000 linear meters per hour to be obtained.
  • the synthetic efficiency rate also called TRS, defined as the ratio between the number of meters produced with shear bench 1 and the number of meters that it would be theoretically possible to produce with shear bench 1 is equal to 85%.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nonmetal Cutting Devices (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Details Of Cutting Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Cutting Processes (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Verfahren zur Optimierung einer Scherbank (1) eines Films (2), der eine Stärke von weniger als oder gleich wie 10 Mikrometer aufweist, die Scherbank (1) umfassend eine Vielzahl von Elementen, wobei jedes Element durch eine Vielzahl von Parametern gekennzeichnet ist, die Gesamtheit der Parameter die Parameter der Scherbank (1) bilden, die Vielzahl von Elementen mindestens eine Klingeneinheit (10) aufweist, umfassend eine Klinge (20) und einer Gegenklinge (21), die mit der Klinge (20) zusammenwirkt, ein System zum Durchlauf (12) des Films (2) und ein System zum Anlegen (14) der Klinge (20) und der Gegenklinge (21) aneinander, um den Film (2) abzuscheren, umfasst, das Verfahren umfassend:
    - einen Auswahlschritt von Parametern der Scherbank (1),
    - einen Messschritt der Leistung der Scherbank (1), der die ausgewählten Parameter aufweist, um einen gemessenen Wert für die Scherbank (1) zu erlangen, der einem Bewertungskriterium der Scherbank (1) entspricht, und
    - einen Vergleichsschritt des gemessenen Wertes mit einem gewünschten Wert,
    wenn der gemessene Wert strikt kleiner ist als der gewünschte Wert, wobei der Auswahl-, der Mess- und der Vergleichsschritt wiederholt werden, indem Parameter, die als Hauptparameter unter den ausgewählten Parametern bezeichnet werden, geändert werden, bis der gemessene Wert größer als oder gleich wie der gewünschte Wert ist, das Verfahren dann umfassend einen Auswahlschritt der in der letzten Iteration gewählten Parameter für den Betrieb der Scherbank (1),
    wobei die Hauptparameter wie folgt sind:
    - die Stärke jeder Klinge (20),
    - das Material jeder Klinge (20),
    - die Stärke jeder Gegenklinge (21),
    - das Material jeder Gegenklinge (21),
    - die Drehgeschwindigkeit jeder Klinge (20),
    - die Drehgeschwindigkeit jeder Gegenklinge (21) und
    - die Durchlaufgeschwindigkeit des Films (2),
    wobei die anderen gewählten Parameter nicht geändert werden.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem der Film (2) eine erste Seite und eine zweite Seite gegenüber der ersten Seite aufweist, wobei die erste Seite mit mindestens einer Tintenschicht beschichtet ist.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei das Bewertungskriterium eine Gewichtung der folgenden Teilkriterien ist:
    - der Takt,
    - die Geschwindigkeit,
    - die Verschmutzung,
    - die Qualität des Films (2) und
    - die Lebensdauer der Klingen (20, 21).
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, wobei die Gewichtung derart ist, dass nur die Teilkriterien Geschwindigkeit und Verschmutzung verwendet werden.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, wobei das Durchlaufsystem (12) des Films (2) eine erste Rolle (25) und eine zweite Rolle (26) umfasst, wobei das Teilkriterium der Geschwindigkeit durch Messen der Drehgeschwindigkeit der ersten und der zweiten Rolle (25, 26) bestimmt wird und wobei das Verschmutzungsunterkriterium durch mindestens einen Bildsensor gemessen wird.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei der Film (2) aus PET ist.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei jede Klinge (20) ein Messer (22) umfasst, umfassend eine Schneidkante, wobei das Messer (22) eine parabolische Form aufweist.
EP19726716.4A 2018-06-01 2019-05-31 Verfahren zur optimierung einer scherbank und entsprechende scherbank Active EP3802025B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1854761A FR3082001B1 (fr) 2018-06-01 2018-06-01 Procede de mise au point d'un banc de cisaillement et banc de cisaillement associe
PCT/EP2019/064166 WO2019229226A1 (fr) 2018-06-01 2019-05-31 Procédé de mise au point d'un banc de cisaillement et banc de cisaillement associé

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3802025A1 EP3802025A1 (de) 2021-04-14
EP3802025C0 EP3802025C0 (de) 2025-05-07
EP3802025B1 true EP3802025B1 (de) 2025-05-07

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ID=62875021

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19726716.4A Active EP3802025B1 (de) 2018-06-01 2019-05-31 Verfahren zur optimierung einer scherbank und entsprechende scherbank

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US11358295B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3802025B1 (de)
JP (1) JP7301074B2 (de)
FR (1) FR3082001B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2019229226A1 (de)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5675338A (en) * 1979-11-16 1981-06-22 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Slitter
JPS5849091Y2 (ja) * 1976-01-29 1983-11-09 株式会社四国製作所 脱穀排稈カツタ−等の円盤刃
JP2007257695A (ja) * 2006-03-20 2007-10-04 Fujifilm Corp 磁気テープの製造方法及び装置
US20100035088A1 (en) * 2008-08-05 2010-02-11 Hitachi Maxell, Ltd. Magnetic tape and method for producing the same

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS59214610A (ja) * 1983-05-20 1984-12-04 Toyobo Co Ltd 非晶性プラスチツクフイルムの切断方法
DE19524519B4 (de) * 1995-07-05 2004-10-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Schneidwerk für Gartenhäcksler
CA2251526C (en) * 1997-11-07 2006-12-05 Terry Raff As Trustee Of The Main Children's Trust Method for variably controlling work feed rate for cutting wood, metal and other materials
JPH11147377A (ja) * 1997-11-18 1999-06-02 Teijin Ltd 感熱転写リボン用二軸配向ポリエステルフィルム
JP2003338033A (ja) * 2002-05-16 2003-11-28 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 磁気テープの製造装置
JP2004276146A (ja) * 2003-03-13 2004-10-07 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 裁断装置及びそれを用いた磁気テープの製造方法
KR101179071B1 (ko) * 2009-03-10 2012-09-03 주식회사 엘지화학 사각형 단위체의 제조방법
JP6872218B2 (ja) * 2016-09-21 2021-05-19 デュプロ精工株式会社 シート加工装置

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5849091Y2 (ja) * 1976-01-29 1983-11-09 株式会社四国製作所 脱穀排稈カツタ−等の円盤刃
JPS5675338A (en) * 1979-11-16 1981-06-22 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Slitter
JP2007257695A (ja) * 2006-03-20 2007-10-04 Fujifilm Corp 磁気テープの製造方法及び装置
US20100035088A1 (en) * 2008-08-05 2010-02-11 Hitachi Maxell, Ltd. Magnetic tape and method for producing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2021526083A (ja) 2021-09-30
FR3082001B1 (fr) 2022-01-28
JP7301074B2 (ja) 2023-06-30
FR3082001A1 (fr) 2019-12-06
US11358295B2 (en) 2022-06-14
WO2019229226A1 (fr) 2019-12-05
EP3802025C0 (de) 2025-05-07
US20210213636A1 (en) 2021-07-15
EP3802025A1 (de) 2021-04-14

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