EP3796357B1 - Commutateur dépendant de la température - Google Patents

Commutateur dépendant de la température Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3796357B1
EP3796357B1 EP20196350.1A EP20196350A EP3796357B1 EP 3796357 B1 EP3796357 B1 EP 3796357B1 EP 20196350 A EP20196350 A EP 20196350A EP 3796357 B1 EP3796357 B1 EP 3796357B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
latching
temperature
spring
switch according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20196350.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3796357A1 (fr
Inventor
Marcel P. Hofsaess
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP3796357A1 publication Critical patent/EP3796357A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H01H37/54—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting
    • H01H37/5409—Bistable switches; Resetting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/04—Bases; Housings; Mountings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/64—Contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H11/0006—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches for converting electric switches
    • H01H2011/0043—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches for converting electric switches for modifying the number or type of operating positions, e.g. momentary and stable
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H01H37/54—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting
    • H01H2037/549—Details of movement transmission between bimetallic snap element and contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/54—Mechanisms for coupling or uncoupling operating parts, driving mechanisms, or contacts
    • H01H3/58—Mechanisms for coupling or uncoupling operating parts, driving mechanisms, or contacts using friction, toothed, or other mechanical clutch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H01H37/54—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting
    • H01H37/5427—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting encapsulated in sealed miniaturised housing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a temperature-dependent switch with a housing that has an upper part and a lower part closed by the upper part, with a first and a second stationary contact being arranged on the housing, of which at least the first stationary contact is arranged on the upper part, and wherein a temperature-dependent switching mechanism with a movable contact element is arranged in the housing.
  • the switching mechanism presses the movable contact element against the first contact and thereby creates an electrically conductive connection between the two contacts via the contact element.
  • the switching mechanism keeps the movable contact member at a distance from the first contact.
  • a closing lock is also provided, which prevents a switch that has been opened from being closed again by permanently locking the switching mechanism mechanically in its second switching position.
  • Such temperature-dependent switches are used in a known manner to protect electrical devices from overheating.
  • the switch is electrically connected in series with the device to be protected and its supply voltage and arranged mechanically on the device in such a way that it is thermally connected to it.
  • a temperature-dependent switching mechanism ensures that the two stationary contacts of the switch are electrically connected to each other below the response temperature of the switching mechanism. The circuit is therefore closed below the response temperature and the load current of the device to be protected can flow via the switch.
  • the switching mechanism lifts the movable contact element from the mating contact, as a result of which the switch opens and the load current of the device to be protected is interrupted.
  • the now unpowered The device can then cool down again.
  • the switch that is thermally coupled to the device cools down again, which would then actually close again automatically.
  • a closing lock ensures that this switching back does not take place in the cooling position, so that the device to be protected cannot switch on again automatically after it has been switched off.
  • the locking mechanism locks the rear derailleur mechanically so that once opened, the rear derailleur cannot close again, even if there are strong vibrations or temperature fluctuations.
  • switches of this type which do not close again after being opened once, are also referred to as one-time switches.
  • Another switch of this type is from the DE 10 2013 101 392 A1 famous.
  • This switch has a temperature-dependent switching mechanism with a temperature-dependent bimetallic snap-action disc and a bistable spring disc, which carries a movable contact or a current transmission element.
  • the bimetallic snap disk When the bimetallic snap disk is heated to a temperature above its set temperature, it lifts the contact or current transfer member away from the mating contact or contacts against the force of the spring washer, thereby forcing the spring washer into its second stable configuration in which the derailleur is in is in its high temperature position.
  • the switch thus remains in its open position after it has been opened once, even if it cools down again.
  • tests in the applicant's company have shown that the DE 10 2013 101 392 A1 well-known switch closes again in the event of stronger mechanical shocks, so that it may not be optimally usable in some applications from a safety point of view.
  • the dome is a bistable dome that assumes either a high-temperature configuration or a low-temperature configuration depending on the temperature.
  • the spring washer is a circular snap-action spring washer to which the contact member is centrally attached.
  • the contact member is, for example, a movable contact part, which is caused by the snap-action spring disk is pressed against the first stationary contact arranged inside on a cover of the housing of the known switch. With its edge, the snap-action spring disc is pressed against an inner base of a lower part of the housing, which acts as a second contact. In this way, the self-electrically conductive snap-action spring disk creates an electrically conductive connection between the two mating contacts.
  • the bimetallic snap-action disc In its low-temperature position, the bimetallic snap-action disc lies loosely on the contact part. If the temperature of the bimetallic snap-action disc increases, it jumps into its high-temperature position, in which it presses with its edge on the inside of the upper part of the housing and with its center presses on the spring snap-action disc so that it moves from its first in flips over its second stable configuration, lifting the movable contact part from the stationary contact and opening the switch.
  • the bimetallic snap-action disc jumps back to its low-temperature position. In doing so, its edge comes into contact with the edge of the snap-action spring disk and its center comes into contact with the upper part of the housing. However, the actuating force of the bimetal snap-action disc is not sufficient to allow the spring-action snap-action disc to switch back to its first configuration.
  • the edge of the spring snap-action disc is fixed to the lower part of the housing, while the bimetallic snap-action disc is provided between the spring snap-action disc and the inner bottom of the lower part.
  • the spring snap-action disc presses the contact plate against the two stationary contacts. If the bimetallic snap-action disc jumps into its high-temperature position, its edge presses against the spring snap-action disc and its center pulls the spring snap-action disc away from the upper part, so that the contact plate comes out of contact with the two mating contacts. So that this is geometrically possible, the contact plate, spring snap-action disc and bimetallic snap-action disc are captively connected to one another by a centrally running rivet.
  • this switch Due to its design, this switch therefore has a self-locking function. In the event of severe mechanical shock, however, in rare cases the spring snap-in disc can spring back unintentionally.
  • a temperature-dependent switch with a current transmission element designed as a contact bridge in which the contact bridge is pressed against two stationary counter-contacts via a closing spring.
  • the contact bridge is in contact with a temperature-dependent switching mechanism via an actuating bolt, which consists of a bimetallic snap-action disc and a spring washer, both of which are clamped at their edge.
  • the bimetallic snap-action disc presses the spring washer into its second configuration, in which it presses the actuating bolt against the contact bridge, lifting it off the stationary mating contacts against the force of the closing spring.
  • this switch has the disadvantage that in the open state the spring washer lifts the contact bridge against the force of the closing spring from the mating contacts, so that the spring washer in its second Configuration must reliably overcome the force of the closing spring.
  • the closing spring ensures that the contact bridge rests securely on the mating contacts when it is closed, a spring washer with a very high level of stability is required in the second configuration.
  • a cap is formed on this spring tongue, which is pressed into its second configuration by a bimetallic plate also fastened to the spring tongue, in which it distances the movable contact part from the stationary mating contact.
  • the calotte has to keep the movable contact part at a distance from the fixed mating contact against the closing force of the spring tongue clamped on one side, so that the calotte has to apply a high actuating force in its second configuration.
  • the known switch thus has the disadvantages already discussed above, namely that high actuating forces have to be overcome, which leads to high production costs and to an unsafe state in the cooling position.
  • the object of the present invention is to further develop the switch mentioned at the outset in such a way that it can be manufactured more simply and thus more cost-effectively and yet reliable interruption of the circuit is ensured even when the switch is in the cool-down position and in the event of strong vibrations.
  • the closing lock has an essentially disc-shaped or plate-shaped locking element, which is arranged locally between the rear derailleur and an inner floor surface of the lower part, is arranged clamped in the lower part or is connected to it with a material fit and has a first latching element, which cooperates with a arranged on the movable contact member second locking member in the second switching position to lock the switching mechanism.
  • the closing lock is implemented by latching the first latching element arranged on the locking element with the second latching element arranged on the movable contact element.
  • the first and the second latching member thus act as opposing components that guarantee latching of the rear derailleur after it has been opened.
  • both the first and the second latching element can each have one latching element, two latching elements or a plurality of latching elements.
  • the locking element belonging to the closing lock according to the invention is designed as a separate component which can be mounted relatively easily in the lower part of the switch.
  • the lower part as well as the other components of the switch can thus be manufactured relatively easily and inexpensively, independently of the closing lock.
  • the locking element can also be used in a very simple and inexpensive manner in the lower part of the switch. It is either bonded to the lower part or clamped in it. The manufacture of the closing lock is thus as simple and inexpensive as possible.
  • the locking element is preferably an essentially plate-shaped or disc-shaped body.
  • the locking element is preferably at least largely in the form of a cylinder whose radius is many times greater than its thickness.
  • “Essentially plate-shaped or disk-shaped” is understood here to mean that the locking element does not necessarily have to be exactly plate-shaped or disk-shaped, since individual elements or sections of the locking element are simply plates. or disc shape may vary. Overall, however, it is mostly plate- or disk-shaped, i.e. it is always wider than it is high or thick
  • the first locking element (or the locking elements) arranged on the locking element can deviate from the pure plate or disc shape.
  • the locking element is arranged locally between the rear derailleur and the inner bottom surface of the lower part. So it is below the rear derailleur.
  • the two locking members act as a kind of anchor with a corresponding counter-holder. They keep the switching mechanism in the open state after its temperature-dependent opening and prevent a corresponding downshift even after the switch has cooled down below the switching mechanism's reset temperature.
  • the first latching element or the second latching element has a spring tongue, a spring claw or a spring hook, with the respective other of the two latching elements having a recess, a hole or a latching lug.
  • At least one of the two latching members is preferably designed to be resilient (e.g. as a spring tongue, spring claw or spring hook) so that the corresponding latching member yields when the switch is opened and latches with the other latching member without great effort.
  • the rear derailleur only has to overcome a small amount of force when opening in order to activate the closing lock.
  • latching elements can also be provided on the two latching members, several spring tongues, several spring claws or several spring hooks can also be arranged on one latching member and several recesses, several holes or several latching lugs can also be arranged on the other latching member.
  • the locking element is arranged clamped between a spacer element and the lower part or between two spacer elements.
  • the locking element is only clamped in by one or more spacer elements in the lower part and is thereby fixed by this or these on the lower part of the switch.
  • the clamping connection between the locking element and the lower part also has the advantage that the lower part can be manufactured very easily. It then no longer necessarily has to be manufactured as a turned part, but can also be manufactured as a stamped part. This leads to a further reduction in costs.
  • the locking element is arranged clamped between a spacer element and the lower part and a part of the rear derailleur rests on the edge of the spacer element at least in the first switching position.
  • the use of a spacer element for clamping the locking element has the advantage that this allows the rear derailleur to be adjusted in height relatively easily.
  • the position of the switching mechanism can be regulated and thus, for example, the contact pressure can be set when the switch is closed.
  • the use of a spacer element which is arranged between the switching mechanism and the locking element, has the advantage that an ohmic resistance can thereby be introduced between the locking element and the switching mechanism in a simple manner.
  • the spacer element can be made of an electrically insulating material, for example. This prevents current from flowing through the locking element when the switch is in the closed state or during the opening process. This measure ultimately extends the service life of the locking element, since it is guaranteed in any case that the current flowing through the switch is introduced directly into the lower part via the switching mechanism.
  • the spacer element used to clamp the locking element is preferably designed as a spacer ring.
  • a spacer ring can be used very easily in the interior space of the lower part, which is usually cylindrical, or can be clamped to it.
  • the locking element is welded or soldered to the lower part, in particular to the inner floor surface of the lower part.
  • the locking element can also be fixed to the lower part relatively easily in terms of production technology by welding or soldering.
  • the locking element is permanently and captively fixed to the lower part.
  • the locking element is both materially connected to the lower part and is arranged clamped between this and a spacer element.
  • the movable contact element has a latching lug in the region of its lower end facing the inner floor surface, which forms the second latching element.
  • a type of anchor is preferably arranged at the lower end of the movable contact member, in which a locking lug is formed circumferentially.
  • this latching lug forming the second latching element latches with the first latching element arranged on the locking element.
  • the first latching element can have, for example, one or more spring claws which, in the second switching position of the switching mechanism, latch with the latching lug arranged on the armature and thus permanently hold the switching mechanism in the second switching position.
  • the contact element is preferably designed in the shape of a truncated cone, round or tapering between its lower end and the locking lug.
  • the locking element has a substantially annular section from which extends radially inwards two, three or more webs extend, at the ends of which a latching element is arranged, the latching elements together forming the first latching member.
  • the locking element is therefore not configured as a full-surface disk.
  • the bearing surface of the locking element is thus reduced. This is particularly advantageous when the locking element is arranged directly on the inner base surface of the lower part of the switch.
  • the annular section of the locking element is used for clamping and/or integral attachment to the lower part.
  • the radially inwardly extending webs each serve as a holder for a latching element.
  • a spring tongue, a spring claw or a spring hook can be arranged at the radially inner ends of the webs, which protrudes upwards transversely to the respective web.
  • the locking element is designed in the shape of a circular disk and has a central hole through which the second latching element reaches in the second switching position of the rear derailleur in such a way that the second latching element latches with the circular disk-shaped arresting element.
  • the hole arranged centrally in the locking element thus forms part of the first locking member.
  • the disc-shaped locking element with a central hole is preferably arranged clamped between a first and a second spacer element, the first spacer element resting on the inner bottom surface of the lower part and a part of the rear derailleur rests on the edge on the second spacer element, at least in the first switching position.
  • the two spacer elements are also preferably made of electrically insulating material according to this embodiment.
  • the first spacer element arranged under the disk-shaped locking element serves as a support for the locking element.
  • the second spacer element arranged above the disk-shaped locking element serves as a peripheral support for the rear derailleur.
  • the two spacer elements which are preferably each designed as a spacer ring, clamp the locking element between them and thus fix it in its position.
  • the locking element is made of metal and in particular is made of sheet metal.
  • the locking element is therefore a very inexpensive component which hardly increases the production costs of the switch.
  • the temperature-dependent switching mechanism preferably has a temperature-dependent snap-action disc with a geometric high-temperature configuration and a geometric low-temperature configuration, as well as a spring washer on which the movable contact element is arranged.
  • the temperature-dependent snap-action disk is preferably designed as a bistable bi- or tri-metal snap-action disk.
  • the spring washer is designed as a bistable spring washer and has two temperature-independent stable geometric configurations, wherein the Spring washer in its first configuration presses the moveable contact member against the first contact and in its second configuration holds the moveable contact member spaced from the first contact.
  • the spring washer is designed as a bistable spring washer with two geometric configurations that are stable regardless of temperature, this has the additional advantage that the spring washer holds the switch in its open state after opening. Even if the bimetal dome then snaps back to its cryogenic configuration after the switch has cooled, the spring washer will hold the switch in its open position in addition to the mechanical locking mechanism.
  • edge of the snap-action disc is supported on a part of the switch during the transition from its low-temperature configuration to its high-temperature configuration, thereby acting on the spring disc in such a way that it changes over from its first to its second stable configuration, with more preferably the The snap disk and the spring washer are fixed via their respective centers on the movable contact member.
  • the advantage here is that largely conventional temperature-dependent switching mechanisms can be used for the new switch, so that the design effort for starting series production of the new switch is low.
  • the movable contact member comprises a movable contact part that interacts with the first contact, and that the spring washer interacts with the second contact, which is also preferred is that the spring washer, at least in its first configuration, is in electrical communication with the second contact via its edge.
  • This configuration is in principle from the DE 10 2018 100 890 B3 , the DE 10 2007 042 188 B3 or the DE 10 2013 101 392 A1 famous. It means that the snap-action disc is not live in any position of the switch, but that the load current of the electrical device to be protected flows through the spring washer.
  • the movable contact element comprises a current transmission element that interacts with both contacts.
  • the switch can carry significantly higher currents than the one from the DE 10 2007 042 188 B3 known switches.
  • the current transmission element arranged on the contact element ensures the electrical short circuit between the two contacts, so that the load current no longer flows through not only the snap-action disk but also the spring disk, as is already the case in principle from the DE 10 2013 101 392 A1 is known.
  • the first contact or each of the two contacts is arranged on an inner side of the upper part.
  • This measure is structurally known per se, it ensures that when the upper part is mounted on the lower part of the switch, the geometrically correct assignment between the first contact or the first and the second contact to the respective contact element or current transmission element is also produced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic, sectional side view of a switch 10 is shown, which is rotationally symmetrical in plan view and preferably has a circular shape.
  • the switch 10 has a housing 12 in which a temperature-dependent switching mechanism 14 is arranged.
  • the housing 12 includes a pot-like lower part 16 and an upper part 18, which is held to the base 16 by a bent or beaded edge 20.
  • the first exemplary embodiment shown is both the lower part 16 and the upper part 18 made of an electrically conductive material, preferably metal. Between the lower part 16 and the upper part 18 a spacer ring 22 is arranged, which supports the upper part 18 with the interposition of an insulating film 24 and keeps the upper part 18 spaced apart from the lower part 16 .
  • the insulating film 24 ensures that the upper part 18 is electrically insulated from the lower part 16.
  • the insulating film 24 also ensures a mechanical seal, which prevents liquids or contaminants from entering the interior of the housing from the outside.
  • thermal contact with an electrical device to be protected can be established via their outer surfaces.
  • the outer surfaces are also used for the external electrical connection of the switch 10.
  • yet another insulation layer 26 may be attached.
  • the switching mechanism 14 has a spring washer 28 and a temperature-dependent snap-action disc 30 .
  • the spring washer 28 is preferably designed as a bistable spring washer. Accordingly, it has two temperature-independent stable geometric configurations. In 1 their first configuration is shown.
  • the temperature-dependent snap-action disk 30 is preferably also configured as a bistable snap-action disk. This has two temperature-dependent configurations, a high-temperature geometric configuration and a low-temperature geometric configuration. in the in 1 shown first switching position of the switching mechanism 14 is the snap disk 30 in its geometric low-temperature configuration.
  • the spring washer 28 rests with its edge 32 on a peripheral shoulder 34 formed in the lower part 16 and is clamped between this shoulder 34 and the spacer ring 22 .
  • the edge 36 of the snap-action disc 30 rests on a further shoulder 38 which is also formed circumferentially in the lower part 16 .
  • the spring washer 28 With its center 40, the spring washer 28 is fixed to a movable contact member 42 of the switching mechanism 14.
  • the snap disk 30 is also fixed with its center 44 on this contact member 42 .
  • the temperature-dependent switching mechanism 14 is a captive unit made up of contact element 42, spring washer 28 and snap-action disc 30. When the switch 10 is installed, the switching mechanism 14 can thus be inserted directly into the lower part 16 as a unit.
  • the movable contact member 42 has a movable contact part 46 on its upper side.
  • the movable contact part 46 works together with a fixed mating contact 48 which is arranged on the inside of the upper part 18 .
  • This counter-contact 48 is also referred to here as the first stationary contact.
  • the outside of the lower part 16 serves as the second stationary contact 50.
  • the switch 10 is in its low temperature position in which the spring washer 28 is in its first configuration and the snap disk 30 is in its low temperature configuration.
  • the spring washer 28 presses the movable contact part 42 against the first stationary contact 48.
  • the closing lock 52 has an essentially plate-shaped or disk-shaped locking element 54, which in 1 and 2 shown first embodiment is integrally connected to the inner bottom surface 56 of the lower part 16.
  • the locking element 54 has a first locking element 58, which is arranged on the movable contact element 42 with a second locking element 60 in the 2 shown high-temperature position of the switch 10 cooperates to lock the switching mechanism 14 mechanically.
  • the first locking member 58 has a plurality of spring claws 62.
  • the second latching member 60 is designed as a latching lug 64 that is formed circumferentially on a type of anchor 66 that is attached to the underside of the movable contact member 42 .
  • the armature 66 is either attached to the contact member 42 or formed integrally therewith. The armature 66 thus forms part of the movable contact element 42.
  • the locking element 54 can be inserted into the lower part 16 as a separate component during the assembly of the switch 10 together with the first latching element 58 and can then be welded or soldered to the inner base surface 56 . As a result, the locking element 54 is fixed to the lower part.
  • the armature 66 latches with its detent 64 with the spring claws 62 arranged on the locking element 54 as soon as the snap disk 30 snaps over into its high-temperature configuration due to the temperature and the switch 10 is opened. A renewed closing of the switch 10 is then permanently prevented because the spring claws 62 of the locking element 54 permanently hold the armature 66 in the in 2 shown, regardless of whether or not the dome 30 snaps back to its geometric cryogenic configuration.
  • the spring claws 62 are preferably designed to be elastically resilient. As soon as the armature 66 moves into the space between the spring claws 62 when the switch 10 is opened, these are spread radially outwards and then snap radially inwards again into the latching lug 64 provided on the armature 66 as soon as the movable contact element 42 together with the armature 66 moved down far enough (see 2 ).
  • the latching of the spring claws 62 with the latching lug 64 can be further facilitated if the lower end 63 of the movable contact member 42 or of the armature 66 is round, pointed or tapering in the shape of a truncated cone, since the armature 66 then has little resistance when the switch 10 is opened can be moved past the spring claws 62 until they engage with the locking lug 64 .
  • the locking element 54 can be designed in the form of a plate or disk, except for the first latching element 58 or the spring claws 62 . At the in 1 and 2 However, it is advantageous if the locking element 54 is configured only essentially in the form of a plate or disk with a plurality of recesses, as shown schematically in FIG 6 is shown.
  • the locking element 54 has a circular section 68 from which three webs 70 extend radially inward.
  • a spring claw 62 is arranged as a latching element at each end of the webs 70 .
  • the three spring claws 62 act as a type of tripod which interacts with the latching lug 64 formed on the armature 66 when the switch 10 is in the open state. This creates a mechanically determined latching connection.
  • FIG 3 shows a second embodiment of the switch 10 according to the invention.
  • the housing 12 and the switching mechanism 14 are basically constructed in the same way as in FIG 1 and 2 shown first embodiment.
  • the closing lock 52 is basically the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the locking element 54 is not materially connected to the inner base surface 56 but instead is arranged clamped in the lower part 16 .
  • a spacer element 72 is used to clamp the locking element 54 .
  • This spacer element 72 is preferably designed as a spacer ring.
  • the spacer ring 72 can be fixed in the lower part 16 by means of a press fit, for example.
  • the spacer element 72 also offers the advantage that the position of the rear derailleur 14 can be adjusted depending on the height of the spacer element 72 .
  • snap-action disk 30 rests with its edge 36 on spacer element 72 .
  • the spacer element 72 is preferably made of electrically insulating material. At least the ohmic resistance of the spacer element 72 can be set in such a way that the snap-action disk lying on the spacer element 72 is prevented from moving 30 is traversed by current in the closed state of the switch. As a result, the service life of the snap disk 30 is extended.
  • the use of the spacer element 72 offers the further advantage that the shoulder 38 that would otherwise have to be provided can be omitted (cf. 1 and 2 ).
  • the lower part 16 can therefore be manufactured much more easily. For example, it can be produced as a stamped part.
  • FIG 4 shows schematically a third embodiment of the switch 10 according to the invention.
  • the housing 12 of the switch 10 is basically the same or at least similar to that according to FIG Figures 1-3 shown first two embodiments configured.
  • the structure of the switching mechanism 14' and the structure of the closing lock 52' differs from the switch 10 according to the third exemplary embodiment to the first two exemplary embodiments.
  • the movable contact member 42' additionally includes a ring 74 surrounding the contact member 42'. This ring 74 is preferably pressed onto the contact member 42'.
  • the ring 74 has a peripheral shoulder 76 on which the snap disk 30 rests with its center 44 .
  • the spring washer 28 is sandwiched between the ring 74 and the upper enlarged portion of the contact member 42'. In this way, the temperature dependent switching mechanism 14' is off 4 just as a captive unit of contact member 42 ', spring washer 28 and snap disk 30 as the derailleur 14 from the Figures 1-3 .
  • the second latching element 60' is arranged in the region of the lower end of the contact element 42'. This can be configured in one piece with the contact member 42', attached directly to the contact member 42', or attached to the ring 74.
  • the second locking element 60 ′ preferably has one or more spring tongues 78 here. These spring tongues 78 cooperate with the first locking element 58' of the locking element 54' in the sense of the closing lock 52' in the open state of the switch.
  • the locking element 54 ′ is designed as a circular disc with a central hole 80 .
  • the locking element 54' is in 7 shown by way of example in a plan view from above.
  • the hole 80 or the inner edge 82 of the locking element 54' surrounding the hole 80 acts as a second latching element 60 which interacts with the spring tongues 78 to implement the closing lock 52'.
  • the disc-shaped locking element 54 ' is in the 4 shown embodiment is located locally between the derailleur 14 'and the inner bottom surface 56 of the base 16 as before. However, it does not rest directly on the inner floor surface 56 here. Instead, the locking element 54' is in 4 between two spacers 84, 86 clamped.
  • the first spacer element 84 rests on the inner bottom surface 56 of the lower part 16 and is arranged underneath the locking element 54'.
  • the second spacer element 86 is arranged above the locking element 54'.
  • On the second spacer element 86 is a part of the switching mechanism 14 ', in this case the outer edge 36 of the snap disk 30 on.
  • Both spacer elements 84, 86 are preferably designed as spacer rings.
  • the closing lock 52' acts in the aforementioned manner and arrests the switching mechanism 14' after the switch 10 has been opened by means of the snap-action disc 30 due to the temperature.
  • the switch 10 differs fundamentally in the construction of the housing 12'' and the switching mechanism 14''.
  • the lower part 16'' is again made of electrically conductive material.
  • the flat upper part 18'' is here made of electrically insulating material. It is held to the base 16'' by a folded rim 88.
  • a spacer ring 22" is also provided here between the upper part 18" and the lower part 16", which keeps the upper part 18" at a distance from the lower part 16".
  • the upper part 18" On its inside, the upper part 18" has a first stationary contact 48" and a second stationary contact Contact 50" on.
  • the contacts 48'' and 50'' are formed as rivets which extend through the top 18'' and terminate externally in heads 92, 94 which are used to connect the switch 10 to the outside.
  • the movable contact member 42" here includes a current transmission member 96, which is in figure 5
  • the embodiment shown is a contact plate, the upper side of which has an electrically conductive coating, so that when it is in figure 5 shown system at the contacts 48" and 50" for an electrically conductive connection between the two contacts 48" and 50".
  • the power transmission member 96 is connected to the spring washer 28 and the snap disk 30 by a rivet 98 which is also to be considered part of the contact member 42''.

Claims (15)

  1. Commutateur dépendant de la température (10) comportant un boîtier (12) qui comprend une partie supérieure (18) et une partie inférieure (16) fermée par la partie supérieure (18), un premier et un deuxième contact fixe (48, 50) étant disposés sur le boîtier (12), contacts parmi lesquels au moins le premier contact fixe (48) est disposé sur la partie supérieure (18), et un mécanisme de commutation dépendant de la température (14) et doté d'un organe de contact mobile (42) étant disposé dans le boîtier (12),
    le mécanisme de commutation (14), dans sa première position de commutation, pressant l'organe de contact mobile (42) contre le premier contact (48) et produisant ainsi, par le biais de l'organe de contact (42), une connexion électriquement conductrice entre les deux contacts (48, 50) et, dans sa deuxième position de commutation, maintenant l'organe de contact mobile (42) à distance du premier contact (48),
    un dispositif de verrouillage de fermeture (52) étant prévu, lequel empêche un commutateur ouvert (10) une fois de se fermer à nouveau, par le fait qu'il bloque le mécanisme de commutation (14) mécaniquement de manière durable dans sa deuxième position de commutation,
    caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de verrouillage de fermeture (52) comprend un élément de blocage (54) sensiblement en forme de disque ou de plaque, lequel est disposé localement entre le mécanisme de commutation (14) et une surface de fond intérieure (56) de la partie inférieure (16), est disposé de manière serrée dans la partie inférieure et/ou est relié à celle-ci par liaison de matière et comprend un premier organe d'encliquetage (58) qui coopère avec un deuxième organe d'encliquetage (60) disposé sur le deuxième organe de contact mobile (42) dans la deuxième position de commutation, afin de bloquer le mécanisme de commutation (14).
  2. Commutateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le premier organe d'encliquetage (58) ou le deuxième organe d'encliquetage (60) comprend une languette élastique (78), une griffe élastique (62) ou un crochet élastique, et l'autre organe d'encliquetage respectif des deux organes d'encliquetage comprenant un évidement, un trou (80) ou un ergot d'encliquetage (64).
  3. Commutateur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de blocage (54) est disposé de manière serrée entre un élément d'écartement (72) et la partie inférieure (16) ou entre deux éléments d'écartement (84, 86).
  4. Commutateur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de blocage (54) est disposé de manière serrée entre un élément d'écartement (72) et la partie inférieure (16) et une partie du mécanisme de commutation (14) repose sur l'élément d'écartement (72) du côté du bord au moins dans la première position de commutation.
  5. Commutateur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'écartement (72) est configuré sous forme d'anneau d'écartement.
  6. Commutateur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de contact mobile (42) comprend, dans la région de son extrémité inférieure tournée vers la surface de fond intérieure (56), un ergot d'encliquetage (64) qui forme le deuxième organe d'encliquetage (60).
  7. Commutateur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'organe de contact mobile (42) est de forme de tronconique, rond ou se termine en pointe entre l'extrémité inférieure (63) et l'ergot d'encliquetage (64).
  8. Commutateur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de blocage (54) comprend une portion (68) sensiblement en forme d'anneau circulaire, à partir de laquelle deux, trois ou plus de trois nervures (70) s'étendent radialement vers l'intérieur, nervures aux extrémités desquelles est disposé respectivement un élément d'encliquetage (62), les éléments d'encliquetage (62) formant conjointement le premier organe d'encliquetage (58).
  9. Commutateur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de blocage (54) est configuré en forme de disque circulaire et comprend un trou central (80) qui est traversé par le deuxième organe d'encliquetage (60) dans la deuxième position de commutation du mécanisme de commutation (14), de telle sorte que le deuxième organe d'encliquetage (64) s'encliquète avec l'élément de blocage (54) en forme de disque circulaire.
  10. Commutateur selon l'une des revendications 1, 2 ou 6 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de blocage (54) est disposé de manière serrée entre un premier et un deuxième élément d'écartement (84, 86), le premier élément d'écartement (84) reposant sur la surface de fond intérieure (56) de la partie inférieure (16) et une partie du mécanisme de commutation (14) reposant sur le deuxième élément d'écartement (86) du côté du bord au moins dans la première position de commutation.
  11. Commutateur selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le premier et le deuxième élément d'écartement (84, 86) sont configurés respectivement sous forme d'anneau circulaire.
  12. Commutateur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme de commutation dépendant de la température (14) comporte un disque à déclic dépendant de la température (30), présentant une configuration géométrique à haute température et une configuration géométrique à basse température, et un disque élastique (28) sur lequel est disposé l'organe de contact mobile.
  13. Commutateur selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que le disque élastique (28) est configuré sous forme de disque élastique bistable et présente deux configurations géométriques stables en fonction de la température, le disque élastique (28) poussant l'organe de contact mobile (42) contre le premier contact (48) dans sa première configuration et maintenant l'organe de contact mobile (42) à distance du premier contact (48) dans sa deuxième configuration.
  14. Commutateur selon la revendication 12 ou 13, caractérisé en ce que le disque à déclic (30) et le disque élastique (28) sont fixés à l'organe de contact mobile (42) par le biais de leur centre respectif (40, 44).
  15. Commutateur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que le premier contact (48) ou chacun des deux contacts (48, 50") est disposé sur un côté intérieur (90) de la partie supérieure (18).
EP20196350.1A 2019-09-20 2020-09-16 Commutateur dépendant de la température Active EP3796357B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019125451.5A DE102019125451B4 (de) 2019-09-20 2019-09-20 Temperaturabhängiger Schalter

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EP3796357A1 EP3796357A1 (fr) 2021-03-24
EP3796357B1 true EP3796357B1 (fr) 2022-03-30

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US (1) US11469066B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3796357B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102019125451B4 (fr)
DK (1) DK3796357T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2913936T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019128367B4 (de) * 2019-10-21 2021-06-10 Marcel P. HOFSAESS Temperaturabhängiger schalter

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2432901A1 (de) * 1974-07-09 1976-01-29 Thermik Geraetebau Gmbh Temperaturwaechter
DE7531355U (de) 1975-10-03 1978-04-27 Inter Control Hermann Koehler Elektrik Gmbh & Co Kg, 8500 Nuernberg Rückstellbarer Temperaturbegrenzer
US4039991A (en) * 1975-12-18 1977-08-02 Elmwood Sensors, Inc. Thermostatic switch with reset mechanism
AT354140B (de) * 1976-07-23 1979-12-27 Electrovac Thermischer schalter
AT383696B (de) * 1982-03-03 1987-08-10 Electrovac Thermischer schalter
DE8625999U1 (fr) * 1986-09-29 1986-11-13 Temtech-Temperatur-Technik Hans-Peter Bojer, 7530 Pforzheim, De
US5003282A (en) * 1989-07-19 1991-03-26 Texas Instruments Incorporated Trip free/reset free manual reset
GB2240217B (en) * 1990-01-22 1994-04-13 Otter Controls Ltd Improvements in or relating to electric switches
GB2269480A (en) 1992-07-16 1994-02-09 Electrovac Thermal switch
US5703560A (en) * 1995-09-11 1997-12-30 Elmwood Sensors, Inc. Thermostat with one-piece reset mechanism and contact assembly
US5929742A (en) * 1997-03-27 1999-07-27 Elmwood Sensors, Inc. Trip-free, manual reset thermostat
US5986535A (en) * 1998-01-20 1999-11-16 Texas Instruments Incorporated Low cost thermostat apparatus and method for calibrating same
US5861794A (en) * 1998-05-04 1999-01-19 Texas Instruments Incorporated Thermal circuit breaker apparatus
DE19856707A1 (de) * 1998-12-09 2000-06-21 Ellenberger & Poensgen Schutzschalter zur Absicherung von Stromkreisen
US6741159B1 (en) * 2002-05-16 2004-05-25 Robert A. Kuczynski Fail-safe assembly for coacting contacts in a current-carrying system, apparatus or component
US7071809B2 (en) * 2002-11-25 2006-07-04 Honeywell International Inc. Thermal fuse containing bimetallic sensing element
JP4339750B2 (ja) * 2004-06-10 2009-10-07 ワコー電子株式会社 手動復帰型サーモスタット
US7209336B2 (en) * 2004-10-02 2007-04-24 Tsung-Mou Yu Double-protection circuit protector
DE102007042188B3 (de) * 2007-08-28 2009-04-09 Hofsaess, Marcel P. Temperaturabhängiger Schalter mit Selbsthaltefunktion
JP6157856B2 (ja) * 2013-01-10 2017-07-05 カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 熱感知装置
DE202013012037U1 (de) * 2013-02-13 2015-02-10 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Temperaturabhängiger Schalter
DE102018100890B3 (de) * 2018-01-16 2019-07-18 Marcel P. HOFSAESS Temperaturabhängiger Schalter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102019125451A1 (de) 2021-03-25
EP3796357A1 (fr) 2021-03-24
ES2913936T3 (es) 2022-06-06
DK3796357T3 (da) 2022-05-23
DE102019125451B4 (de) 2021-04-08
US11469066B2 (en) 2022-10-11
US20210090834A1 (en) 2021-03-25

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