EP3511968B1 - Commutateur dépendant de la température - Google Patents

Commutateur dépendant de la température Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3511968B1
EP3511968B1 EP18212149.1A EP18212149A EP3511968B1 EP 3511968 B1 EP3511968 B1 EP 3511968B1 EP 18212149 A EP18212149 A EP 18212149A EP 3511968 B1 EP3511968 B1 EP 3511968B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
temperature
switch
contact member
switch according
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Application number
EP18212149.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3511968A1 (fr
Inventor
Marcel P. Hofsaess
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Individual
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H01H37/54—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting
    • H01H37/5409—Bistable switches; Resetting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H01H37/54—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting
    • H01H37/5427—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting encapsulated in sealed miniaturised housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/64—Contacts
    • H01H37/70—Resetting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H01H37/54—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting
    • H01H2037/549—Details of movement transmission between bimetallic snap element and contact

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a temperature-dependent switch which has a first and a second stationary mating contact, a temperature-dependent switching mechanism with a contact element and a housing on which the two mating contacts are provided and in which the switching mechanism is arranged, the switching mechanism being in its first switching position presses the contact element against the first counter-contact and thereby creates an electrically conductive connection between the two counter-contacts via the contact element and keeps the contact element at a distance from the first counter-contact in its second switching position, with a closing lock being provided which prevents a switch once opened from being closed again .
  • a switch which forms the basis for the preambles of claims 1 and 2, is known from EP 0 591 755 A1 famous. Another such switch is from DE 10 2013 101 392 A1 famous.
  • the known switch has a temperature-dependent switching mechanism with a temperature-dependent bimetallic snap-action disc and a bistable spring disc, which carries a movable mating contact or a current transmission element.
  • the bimetallic snap disk When the bimetallic snap disk is heated to a temperature above its set temperature, it lifts the mating contact or current transfer member away from the mating contact or contacts against the force of the spring washer, thereby forcing the spring washer into its second stable configuration in which the derailleur is in is in its high temperature position.
  • the known switch thus remains in its open position after it has been opened once, even if it cools down again.
  • tests in the applicant's company have shown that the known switch closes again in the event of stronger mechanical shocks, so that it may not be optimally usable in some applications from a safety point of view.
  • the one from the DE 10 2007 042 188 B3 known switch has three switch positions. In its low-temperature position, the switch is closed, so that the two mating contacts are electrically connected to one another.
  • the switch In its high temperature position, the switch is open so no current can flow through the switch. In its cool down position, the switch remains open even though the dome has cooled back down and thus resumed its cryogenic configuration.
  • the temperature-dependent switch is a one-time switch which, after being opened once, also remains open when the temperature of the snap-action disk has decreased again.
  • Comparable one-time switches are from DE 86 25 999 U1 as well as the DE 25 44 201 A famous.
  • Such temperature-dependent switches are used in a known manner to protect electrical devices from overheating.
  • the switch is electrically connected in series with the device to be protected and its supply voltage and arranged mechanically on the device in such a way that it is thermally connected to it.
  • the two mating contacts are electrically connected with one another so that the circuit is closed and the load current of the device to be protected flows through the switch. If the temperature rises above a permissible value, the snap-action disc lifts the contact element from the counter-contact against the actuating force of the spring disc, as a result of which the switch opens and the load current of the device to be protected is interrupted.
  • the now de-energized device can then cool down again.
  • the switch that is thermally coupled to the device cools down again, which would then actually close again automatically.
  • the dome is a bistable dome that assumes either a high-temperature configuration or a low-temperature configuration depending on the temperature.
  • the spring washer is a circular snap-action spring washer to which the contact member is centrally attached.
  • the contact member is, for example, a movable contact part which is pressed by the snap-action spring disc against the first stationary mating contact which is arranged on the inside of a cover of the housing of the known switch.
  • the snap-action spring disc presses against an inner base of a lower part of the housing, which acts as a second mating contact.
  • the self-electrically conductive snap-action spring disk creates an electrically conductive connection between the two mating contacts.
  • the external connection of the known switch takes place on the one hand via the outside of the electrically conductive lower part and on the other hand via a plated-through hole of the first stationary mating contact through the upper part on its outer side, where a solder connection can be provided, for example.
  • the bistable snap-action disk is a bimetallic snap-action disk which changes over from its convex to a concave configuration when its response temperature is exceeded.
  • the bimetallic snap-action disc has a central passage opening with which it is slipped over the movable contact part that is attached to the spring snap-action disc.
  • the bimetallic snap-action disc In its low-temperature position, the bimetallic snap-action disc lies loosely on the contact part. If the temperature of the bimetallic snap-action disc increases, it jumps over to its high-temperature position, in which it presses with its edge on the inside of the upper part of the housing and with its center presses on the spring snap-action disc so that it moves from its first in flips over its second stable configuration, lifting the movable contact part from the stationary mating contact and opening the switch.
  • the bimetallic snap-action disc jumps back to its low-temperature position. In doing so, its edge comes into contact with the edge of the snap-action spring disk and its center comes into contact with the upper part of the housing. However, the actuating force of the bimetal snap-action disc is not sufficient to allow the spring-action snap-action disc to switch back to its first configuration.
  • the known switch leads the load current of the device to be protected through the spring snap-action disc, which is only possible up to a certain current intensity.
  • the spring snap-action disc heats up to such an extent that this self-heating of the current leads to the switching temperature of the bimetallic snap-action disc being reached before the device to be protected has actually reached its permissible temperature.
  • a current transmission element as a contact element, for example in the form of a contact plate, which is carried by the snap-action spring disk.
  • Both stationary mating contacts are now arranged on the inside of the cover of the housing, with an electrically conductive connection being produced between these two mating contacts by the contact plate being in contact with them.
  • the edge of the spring snap-action disc is fixed to the lower part of the housing, while the bimetallic snap-action disc is provided between the spring snap-action disc and the inner bottom of the lower part.
  • the spring snap-action disc presses the contact plate against the two mating contacts. If the bimetal snap-action disc jumps into its high-temperature position, its edge presses against the spring snap-action disc and its center pulls the spring snap-action disc away from the upper part, so that the contact plate comes out of contact with the two mating contacts. So that this is geometrically possible, the contact plate, spring snap-action disc and bimetallic snap-action disc are captively connected to one another by a centrally running rivet.
  • this switch Due to its design, this switch therefore has a self-locking function. In the event of strong mechanical shocks, however, in rare cases the spring snap-in disc can spring back unintentionally.
  • DE 25 44 201 A1 discloses a temperature-dependent switch with a current transmission element designed as a contact bridge, in which the contact bridge is pressed against two stationary counter-contacts via a closing spring.
  • the contact bridge is in contact with a temperature-dependent switching mechanism via an actuating bolt, which consists of a bimetallic snap-action disc and a spring washer, both of which are clamped at their edge.
  • the spring washer and the bimetal snap-action disc are both bistable, the bimetal snap-action disc in a temperature-dependent manner and the spring disc in a temperature-independent manner.
  • the bimetallic snap-action disc presses the spring washer into its second configuration, in which it presses the actuating bolt against the contact bridge, lifting it off the stationary mating contacts against the force of the closing spring.
  • this switch has the disadvantage that in the open state the spring washer lifts the contact bridge against the force of the closing spring from the mating contacts, so that the spring washer in its second configuration must reliably overcome the force of the closing spring.
  • the closing spring ensures that the contact bridge rests securely on the mating contacts when it is closed, a spring washer with a very high level of stability is required in the second configuration.
  • Another three-position switch is from the one already mentioned DE 86 25 999 U1 famous.
  • a cantilevered spring tongue is provided, which carries a movable contact part at its free end, which interacts with a fixed mating contact.
  • a cap is formed on this spring tongue, which is pressed into its second configuration by a bimetallic plate also fastened to the spring tongue, in which it distances the movable contact part from the stationary mating contact.
  • the calotte has to keep the movable contact part at a distance from the fixed mating contact against the closing force of the spring tongue clamped on one side, so that the calotte has to apply a high actuating force in its second configuration.
  • the known switch thus has the disadvantages already discussed above, namely that high actuating forces have to be overcome, which leads to high production costs and to an unsafe state in the cooling position.
  • the present invention has the object of further developing the switch mentioned above in such a way that it has a simple design construction ensures a safe interruption of the circuit even when the switch is in the cool-down position and in the event of strong shocks.
  • this object is achieved in that the locking device interacts directly with the contact element and has at least a first locking element on the contact element and a second locking element that interacts therewith and is arranged in the housing and connected to it, and that the locking device has the temperature-dependent The rear derailleur is permanently locked mechanically in its second switching position.
  • the object is achieved in that the closing lock interacts directly with the contact element and has at least one locking element, which interacts with the contact element and a component arranged between the upper part and the lower part, and that the closing lock activates the temperature-dependent switching mechanism in its second switching position permanently mechanically locked.
  • the closing lock permanently locks the derailleur mechanically, it cannot close again after it has been opened once, even if strong vibrations or temperature fluctuations occur.
  • the switch is also mechanically locked, which is used synonymously in the context of the present application.
  • the closing lock is realized by snapping between the contact member and the switch housing or by resilient tongues which change their position after opening the switch and are positioned so that they act as spacers between the contact member or the spring bearing this or snap-action disc and a component lying above the spring or snap-action disc.
  • the temperature-dependent switching mechanism contains a temperature-dependent snap-action element, preferably a bimetallic snap-action disc, which opens in the usual way of the rear derailleur caused by it or she lifts the contact member from the counter-contact. According to the invention, once the switch has been opened, it is then locked in the open state.
  • the temperature-dependent switching mechanism can, as is often the case, also have a bistable spring washer which, when the switch is closed, causes the closing force and thus the contact pressure between the movable contact element and the counter-contact.
  • the bimetal snap-action disc is mechanically relieved, which has a positive effect on its service life and the long-term stability of the response temperature.
  • the temperature-dependent switching mechanism comprises a temperature-dependent snap-action disk with a geometric high-temperature configuration and a geometric low-temperature configuration and a bistable spring disk on which the contact element is arranged, the spring disk having two temperature-independent stable geometric configurations and in its first configuration the Contact member presses against the first mating contact and, in its second configuration, keeps the contact member spaced from the first mating contact.
  • edge of the snap-action disc is supported on a part of the switch during the transition from its low-temperature configuration to its high-temperature configuration, thereby acting on the spring disc in such a way that it changes over from its first to its second stable configuration, with more preferably the Snap disk and the spring washer are fixed on their respective center on the contact member.
  • the advantage here is that largely conventional temperature-dependent switching mechanisms can be used for the new switch, so that the design effort for starting series production of the new switch is low.
  • the snap-action disk is fixed to the contact element and a free space is provided for the edge of the snap-action disk, into which the edge protrudes at least partially when the snap-action disk assumes its low-temperature configuration again when the spring disk is in its second configuration.
  • the bimetallic snap-action disc would exert pressure on the spring washer when it springs back into its low-temperature configuration, which would allow it to snap back into its other stable geometric configuration. According to the invention, however, this process is prevented by the closing lock.
  • the free space for the edge of the bimetallic snap-action disk is provided in addition to the mechanical locking by the closing lock, there is initially no closing pressure that the closing lock has to absorb.
  • the switch remains permanently open.
  • the closing lock only has to absorb the closing pressure in rare cases, which further increases the reliability of the new switch.
  • the contact element comprises a movable contact part that interacts with the first mating contact, and the spring washer interacts with the second mating contact, with the spring washer preferably being electrically connected to the second mating contact via its edge, at least in its first configuration.
  • This configuration is in principle already from the DE 10 2007 042 188 B3 or the DE 10 2013 101 392 A1 famous. It causes the snap disk to be in any position of the switch is current-loaded, but that the load current of the electrical device to be protected flows through the spring washer.
  • the contact element comprises a current transmission element that interacts with the two counter-contacts.
  • the new switch can carry significantly higher currents than the one from the DE 10 2007 042 188 B3 known switches.
  • the contact element ensures the electrical short circuit between the two mating contacts, so that the load current no longer flows through not only the snap-action disk but also the spring disk, as is already the case in principle from the DE 10 2013 101 392 A1 is known.
  • the switch comprises a housing on which the two mating contacts are provided and in which the switching mechanism is arranged.
  • the case can be an individual case of the switch or a pocket on the device to be protected from overheating.
  • the edge of the spring washer is fixed to the housing and the contact element is a movable contact part, the edge of the spring washer is always firmly connected to the housing, so that good electrical contact resistance is ensured there.
  • the new switch can carry larger currents than the one from the DE 10 2007 042 188 B3 known switch, where also the contact resistance to the base is determined by the contact pressure of the spring washer itself.
  • the fixing of the spring washer with its edge on the housing ensures that the contact element remains securely positioned relative to the mating contacts.
  • the housing has a lower part closed by an upper part, with the first mating contact or each of the two mating contacts being arranged on an inside of the upper part.
  • the lower part has an inner base, over the edge area of which the free space is provided.
  • This measure is particularly advantageous in terms of design, since it makes it possible in the simplest way to provide a known temperature-dependent switch with the three switch positions mentioned at the outset if a bistable spring part with two temperature-independently stable configurations is used there in each case.
  • the actuating force of the spring washer would have to be so high in its second configuration to be interpreted so that it cannot be pushed back into its first configuration by the dome.
  • the new switch is not only easy to manufacture, it also remains securely open in its cool down position.
  • the bottom part can be made of electrically conductive material and preferably the top part can be made of electrically insulating material, with the bistable snap-action disk being able to be a bimetal or trimetal snap-action disk.
  • closing lock interacts directly with the contact element.
  • the advantage here is that the closing lock acts in the center of the snap-action washer and possibly the spring washer, ie where the closing force is exerted that the closing lock has to absorb.
  • Another advantage is that known temperature-dependent switching mechanisms can be used in the new switch. Only the contact element has to be modified.
  • the closing lock has at least a first latching element on the contact element and a second latching element cooperating therewith, which is arranged in the housing and connected to it.
  • This measure is structurally advantageous because, in addition to the minor structural change to the contact element, only at least one latching element also needs to be provided in the housing.
  • the first latching element can be arranged in the area of an outer surface of the contact element and/or an inner surface in a bottom opening of the contact element preferably the first or second latching member can be designed as a circumferential groove, a circumferential bead, a resilient tongue, recess or latching lug, wherein the first latching member can also have circumferentially distributed latching lugs and/or resilient tongues.
  • the first and/or second latching element can be designed to be radially flexible.
  • latching members can be resilient and/or made of elastic material, which enables the two latching members to engage with one another when the switch or switching mechanism is first opened without having to overcome major forces .
  • the closing lock has at least one locking member which interacts with the contact member and a component arranged between the upper part and the lower part.
  • the locking elements are arranged above the snap and possibly spring washer and serve as a kind of spacer that prevents the contact element from coming into contact again after the switch has been opened reaches the first mating contact, the blocking member preferably being connected to the contact member or to a spring washer or snap-action washer carrying the contact member.
  • This measure is also advantageous in terms of design, with the blocking elements acting like spacers also ensuring that the switch is reliably kept open.
  • the component comprises a disc with a through-opening for the contact element
  • the blocking element has at least one radially outwardly resilient tongue which sits under tension in the through-opening when the temperature-dependent switching mechanism is in its first switching position, and which is supported on an underside of the disc when the temperature-dependent switching mechanism is in its second switching position.
  • the advantage here is that conventional temperature-dependent switching mechanisms can be used, on whose contact element and/or whose spring washer or snap-action disk the blocking element or elements can also be subsequently mounted.
  • the insulating film that is present between the upper part and the lower part of the housing anyway serves as a disc, which serves as a seal and/or for electrical insulation.
  • the component is designed as a spacer ring and the blocking member has at least one radially outwardly resilient tongue which is arranged on the contact member designed as a current transmission member, the tongue resting under tension on an inner surface of the spacer ring when the temperature-dependent switching mechanism is in its first switching position, and is supported on the spacer ring when the temperature-dependent switching mechanism is in its second switching position, or when the component is designed as a spacer ring, and the locking member has at least one radially inwardly resilient tongue which is attached to a Inner surface of the spacer ring is arranged and is applied under tension to the contact member designed as a power transmission member when the temperature-dependent switching mechanism is in its first switching position, and is supported on the power transmission member when the temperature-dependent switching mechanism is in its second switching position.
  • Such spacer rings are often inserted between the lower part and the upper part in temperature-dependent switches in order to achieve the required overall height, which allows a sufficiently large switching path between counter-contact and contact element in order to ensure the necessary electrical insulation in the open switch.
  • the blocking element can have several resilient tongues arranged to form a ring, which is arranged like a kind of crown or spring broom on the contact element, the snap-action or spring washer or the spacer ring, and can also be provided subsequently without major structural changes in existing switch constructions.
  • a switch 10 is shown in a schematic, sectional side view, which is rotationally symmetrical in plan view, preferably having a circular shape.
  • the switch 10 has a housing 11 in which a temperature-dependent switching mechanism 12 is provided.
  • the housing 11 comprises a pot-like lower part 14 made of electrically conductive material and a flat, insulating upper part 15 which is held on the lower part 14 by a bent edge 16 .
  • the folded edge 16 is not shown as a solid line across the upper part 15 .
  • a spacer ring 17 is provided between the upper part 15 and the lower part 14 and keeps the upper part 15 at a distance from the lower part 14 .
  • the upper part 15 has an inner side 18 on which a first stationary mating contact 19 and a second stationary mating contact 21 are provided.
  • the mating contacts 19 and 21 are designed as rivets which extend through the upper part 15 and end in heads 22 and 23 on the outside, which are used for the external connection of the switch.
  • the rear derailleur 12 comprises a current transmission element 24 as a contact element, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is a contact plate whose upper side 25 has an electrically conductive coating, so that when it is in FIG 1 shown plant on the counter-contacts 19 and 21 for an electrically conductive connection between the two counter-contacts 19 and 21 provides.
  • the current transmission element 24 is connected to a bistable spring washer 27 and a bistable snap-action disk 28 via a rivet 26, which is also to be regarded as part of the contact element.
  • the spring washer 27 has two temperature-independent configurations, the first of which is shown in 1 and the second configuration in 2 is shown.
  • the snap disk 28 has two temperature dependent configurations, namely its cryogenic configuration, shown in 1 is shown, as well as its high-temperature configuration, which is shown in 2 is shown.
  • the center 35 rests freely on the shoulder 34.
  • the snap-action disk 28 With its edge 36, the snap-action disk 28 lies freely above an inner base 37 of the lower part 14.
  • the inside 37 is designed as a wedge-shaped, radially outwardly rising support shoulder 38, which, as in the case of the DE 10 2011 016 142 A1 known switch as a support surface for the edge 36 is used.
  • the rivet 36 also has a base 42 which points towards the inner base 37, but in relation to this in the low-temperature position of the switch 10 according to FIG 1 has a spacing indicated at 43.
  • the snap-action disc 28 On transition from their low-temperature configuration, the 1 to their high temperature configuration 2 the snap-action disc 28 is thus supported with its edge 37 on the spring washer 27, with its center 35 pressing on the shoulder 34 of the rivet 26 and thereby pushing the current transmission member 24 away from the stationary mating contacts 19 and 21 against the force of the spring washer 27.
  • the spring washer 27 in its first configuration 1 keeps the power transmission member 24 in contact with the mating contacts 19 and 21, keeps them in accordance with their second configuration 2 the current transmission member 24 at a distance from the mating contacts 19 and 21, so that the switch 10 is open.
  • While the switch is 10 in 1 is in its cryogenic closed position, it is in 2 in its high temperature open position.
  • the snap disk 28 snaps back from its high-temperature configuration 2 return to their cryogenic configuration that they were already in 1 had taken.
  • the snap disk 28 is again in its cryogenic configuration, to which it has cooled as a result of the cooling of the device to be protected.
  • the edge 36 of the snap disk 28 has 3 moved down, he is now on the support shoulder 38 on.
  • the snap disk 28, in transitioning to its cryogenic configuration, will urge the spring washer 27 back to its first configuration, as in the switch of FIG DE 10 2011 016 142 A1 the case is.
  • a closing lock 39 is provided, which is in the area of the in 2 indicated circles I, II, III, IV and V is arranged. For reasons of clarity are in the Figures 6 to 12 various embodiments of the closing lock 39 are shown.
  • a first exemplary embodiment of the new switch 10 is shown, in which a current transmission element 24 with rivet 26 is used as the contact element, show the Figures 3 to 5 a second exemplary embodiment of the new switch, in which a movable contact part 45, which is part of the switching mechanism 12', is used as the contact element.
  • the switch 10' off 3 again has a pot-like lower part 14', on whose peripheral shoulder 29 a spacer ring 17 again rests, which carries the upper part 15' with an insulating film 46 interposed.
  • Lower part 14' and upper part 15' are each made of electrically conductive material here, so that their outer surfaces make contact with an electrical device that is to be protected can be made. The outer surfaces are also used for the external electrical connection.
  • the upper part 15′ is again held on the lower part 14′ by the bent edge 16 thereof, a further insulation layer 47 being attached to the upper part 15′ on the outside.
  • the switching mechanism 12 ′ includes the spring washer 27 and the snap-action washer 28 , the spring washer 27 being clamped with its edge 31 between the shoulder 29 and the spacer ring 17 .
  • the spring washer 27 With its center 32, the spring washer 27 is fixed to the contact part 45, for which purpose a ring 49 is pressed onto it.
  • the ring 49 has a peripheral shoulder 51 on which the snap disk 28 rests with its center 35 .
  • the temperature dependent circuit 12' is off 3 just as a captive unit of contact member, spring washer 27 and snap disk 28 as the derailleur 12 from 1 and 2 .
  • the switching mechanism 12, 12' can thus be inserted directly into the lower part 14, 14' as a unit.
  • the movable contact part 45 cooperates with a fixed mating contact 19', which is arranged on the inside of the upper part 15.
  • the outside of the lower part 14' which is made of electrically conductive material, serves as the second mating contact 21'.
  • the switch 12' is in its low temperature position in which the spring washer 27 is in its first configuration and the snap disk 28 is in its low temperature configuration.
  • the spring washer 27 presses the movable contact part 45 against the stationary counter-contact 19'.
  • the movable contact part 45 has a base 52 which points towards the inner base 37 of the lower part 14 ′ and is at a distance from it which is comparable to the distance 43 1 is.
  • the switch 10' described so far has roughly the same geometric features as an exemplary embodiment of a switch from the aforementioned DE 10 2013 101 392 A1 .
  • the spring washer 27 is clamped with its edge 31 between the spacer ring 17 and the shoulder 29, it is electrically conductively connected there to the lower part 14' with a very low contact resistance.
  • the spring washer 27 is clamped between the movable contact part 45 and the ring 49, so that there is also a very low electrical contact resistance there.
  • the snap-action disk 28 rests freely below the spring washer 27 on the support shoulder 38 .
  • the snap-action disc 28 is supported with its edge 26 on a part of the switch 10', in this case on the edge 31 of the spring washer 27.
  • the snap-action disc 28 presses on the shoulder 51 and thus lifts the movable contact part 45 from the stationary contact part 19'.
  • the spring washer 27 presses the bottom 52 of the contact part 45 against the inner bottom 37 of the base 14'.
  • the snap-action disc 28 snaps back into its low-temperature position, as shown, for example, in 3 is shown. To do this, the edge moves 36 in 4 down and thus into the space 40 inside.
  • the spring washer 27 is still in its geometrically stable second configuration, in which it keeps the contact part 45 at a distance from the counter-contact 19 ′, the contact part 45 resting with its base 52 on the inner base 37 of the lower part 14 .
  • the snap disk 28 is again in its low-temperature configuration, having moved into the free space 40 with its edge 36 .
  • the snap-action disc 28 is therefore not able to move the contact part 45 or the spring washer 27 at its center 32 in figure 5 to push up.
  • the task of the closing locks 39 is to permanently mechanically lock the temperature-dependent switching mechanism 12, 12' in the high-temperature position in a switch 10, 10' once it has been opened so that it cannot close again even when the snap-action disc 28 cools down.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic side view of a contact member 55 having an outer surface 54 , which forms the movable contact part 45 figure 5 , the rivet 26 off 2 or the power transmission member 24 off 2 to symbolize.
  • a component 56 of the switch 10 or 10' is indicated, which in Figure 6a a rest carrier symbolized, which is arranged on the floor 37, and in Figure 6b the spacer ring 17 of the switch 10.
  • the component 56 is thus arranged in the switch 10, 10' and connected to it.
  • the closing lock 39 comprises a first latching element which is arranged on the outer surface 54 and a second latching element which is attached to the component 56, more precisely the outer surface 59 thereof.
  • latching members are designed as latching lugs 57, 58 which slide past one another when the switch is opened, for which purpose they are designed to be resilient or elastically yielding.
  • Figure 6a is the switch 10, 10 'in the closed state according to 1 or 3
  • Figure 6b in the open state according to 2 , 4 or 5 .
  • the depictions in the 7 and 8th correspond to the one from the 6 , except that the locking members are designed as a circumferential groove 61 or circumferential bead 62.
  • the bead 61 consists of elastic material and is therefore radially flexible. When the switch 10, 10' is opened, it slides along the outer surface 54 or 59 until it engages in the groove 62 and mechanically locks the contact element 55 permanently on the component 56.
  • the resilient tongue 68 is radially flexible. It lies under tension on the outer surface 54 or 59 and slides along the outer surface 54 or 59 when the switch 10, 10' is opened until it engages in the recess 69 and mechanically locks the contact element 55 permanently on the component 56.
  • the closing locks 39 from the Figures 6 to 10 can be formed in circles I to IV, VI and VII.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic side view of a preferably central bottom opening 64 having contact member 55, which the movable contact part 45 from 3 or the rivet 26 1 to symbolize.
  • the bottom opening 64 has an inner surface 65 and is seated on a spigot 66 which is fixed to the inner bottom 37 of the switch 10, 10' and has an outer surface 67. As shown in FIG.
  • the locking members 57, 58; 61, 62 from the Figures 6 to 10 be arranged to mechanically lock the contact member 55 to the floor 37 when the switch 10, 10' has first moved to its high temperature position in which the contact member rests on the floor 37.
  • the closing lock 39 from the 11 may be formed in circles V and VIII.
  • FIG. 12 shows a detail of the switch 10' in a schematic side view Figures 3 to 5 in the area of the movable contact part 45, where 12a the low temperature position and Figure 12b corresponds to the high temperature position.
  • the insulating film 46 can be seen above the contact part 45, in which a through-opening 71 is provided, through which the contact part 45 comes into contact with the counter-contact 19.
  • a through-opening 71 is provided, through which the contact part 45 comes into contact with the counter-contact 19.
  • Distributed around the contact part 45 are a plurality of locking members 72 which are in the form of spring tongues and are arranged in the manner of a crown or a spring broom.
  • the spring tongues extend obliquely upwards from a ring 73, via which they are attached to the contact part 45 and/or to the spring washer 27. In the low temperature position 12a the spring tongues run through the through-opening 71 and have no mechanical function.
  • the closing lock 39 from the 12 may be formed in circles IX and X.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)

Claims (21)

  1. Commutateur dépendant de la température qui présente un premier et un deuxième contact complémentaire stationnaire (19, 21 ; 19', 21'), un mécanisme de commutation dépendant de la température (12 ; 12') doté d'un élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45), et un boîtier (11, 11') sur lequel les deux contacts complémentaires (19, 21 ; 19', 21') sont prévus et dans lequel le mécanisme de commutation (12 ; 12') est disposé,
    dans lequel le mécanisme de commutation (12 ; 12'), dans sa première position de commutation, pousse l'élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45) contre le premier contact complémentaire (19, 19') et établit ainsi par l'intermédiaire de l'élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45) une liaison électriquement conductrice entre les deux contacts complémentaires (19, 21 ; 19', 21'), et dans sa deuxième position de commutation, maintient l'élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45) à distance du premier contact complémentaire (19 ; 19'), un verrouillage de fermeture (39) étant prévu qui coopère directement avec l'élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45) et empêche une nouvelle fermeture d'un commutateur une fois ouvert,
    caractérisé en ce que le verrouillage de fermeture (39) présente au moins un premier élément d'arrêt (57, 58 ; 61, 62 ; 68, 69) sur l'élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45) et un deuxième élément d'arrêt (57, 58 ; 61, 62 ; 68, 69) coopérant avec celui-ci, qui est disposé dans le boîtier (11, 11') et relié à celui-ci, et en ce que le verrouillage de fermeture (39) arrête de manière mécaniquement permanente le mécanisme de commutation dépendant de la température (12 ;12') dans la deuxième position de commutation de celui-ci.
  2. Commutateur dépendant de la température, qui présente un premier et un deuxième contact complémentaire stationnaire (19, 21 ; 19', 21'), un mécanisme de commutation dépendant de la température (12 ; 12') doté d'un élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45), ainsi qu'un boîtier (11, 11') sur lequel les deux contacts complémentaires (19, 21 ; 19', 21') sont prévus et dans lequel le mécanisme de commutation (12 ; 12') est disposé, le boîtier (11 ; 11') présentant une partie inférieure (14 ; 14') fermée par une partie supérieure (15 ; 15'), et le premier contact complémentaire (19 ; 19') ou chacun des deux contacts complémentaires (19, 21) étant disposé sur une face intérieure (18 ; 18') de la partie supérieure (15 ; 15'),
    dans lequel le mécanisme de commutation (12 ; 12'), dans sa première position de commutation, pousse l'élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45) contre le premier contact complémentaire (19, 19') et établit ainsi par l'intermédiaire de l'élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45) une liaison électriquement conductrice entre les deux contacts complémentaires (19, 21 ; 19', 21'), et dans sa deuxième position de commutation, maintient l'élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45) à distance du premier contact complémentaire (19 ; 19'), un verrouillage de fermeture (39) étant prévu qui coopère directement avec l'élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45) et empêche une nouvelle fermeture d'un commutateur une fois ouvert,
    caractérisé en ce que le verrouillage de fermeture (39) présente au moins un élément de verrouillage (72) qui coopère avec l'élément de contact (45) et un composant (17 ; 46) disposé entre la partie supérieure (15 ; 15') et la partie inférieure (14 ; 14'), et en ce que le verrouillage de fermeture (39) arrête de manière mécaniquement permanente le mécanisme de commutation dépendant de la température (12 ;12') dans la deuxième position de commutation de celui-ci.
  3. Commutateur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le mécanisme de commutation dépendant de la température (12 ; 12') comprend un disque à déclic dépendant de la température (28) ayant une configuration géométrique haute température et une configuration géométrique basse température, ainsi qu'une rondelle élastique bistable (27) sur laquelle est disposé l'élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45), la rondelle élastique (27) présentant deux configurations géométriques stables dépendant de la température et poussant dans sa première configuration l'élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45) contre le premier contact complémentaire (19, 19') et maintenant dans sa deuxième configuration l'élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45) à distance du premier contact complémentaire (19 ; 19').
  4. Commutateur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le disque à déclic (28), lors de la transition de sa configuration basse température à sa configuration haute température, prend appui par son bord (36) sur une partie du commutateur (10 ; 10') et agit ainsi sur la rondelle élastique (27) de telle sorte que celle-ci passe de sa première à sa deuxième configuration stable.
  5. Commutateur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le disque à déclic (28) est immobilisé sur l'élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45), et en ce que pour le bord (36) du disque à déclic (28) un dégagement (40) est prévu dans lequel le bord (36) fait saillie au moins partiellement lorsque le disque à déclic (28) occupe à nouveau sa configuration basse température, la rondelle élastique (27) se trouvant dans sa deuxième configuration.
  6. Commutateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le disque à déclic (28) et la rondelle élastique (27) sont immobilisés par leur centre respectif (35, 32) sur l'élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45).
  7. Commutateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45) comprend une pièce de contact (45) mobile coopérant avec le premier contact complémentaire (19'), et en ce que la rondelle élastique (28) coopère avec le deuxième contact complémentaire (21').
  8. Commutateur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la rondelle élastique (27), au moins dans sa première configuration, est par l'intermédiaire de son bord (31) en liaison électrique avec le deuxième contact complémentaire (21').
  9. Commutateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45) comprend un élément de transmission de courant (24) coopérant avec les deux contacts complémentaires (19, 21).
  10. Commutateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le boîtier (11 ; 11') présente une partie inférieure (14 ; 14') fermée par une partie supérieure (15 ; 15'), le premier contact complémentaire (19 ; 19') ou chacun des deux contacts complémentaires (19, 21) étant disposé sur une face intérieure (18 ; 18') de la partie supérieure (15 ; 15').
  11. Commutateur selon la revendication 2 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que la partie inférieure (14 ; 14') présente un fond intérieur (37) par l'intermédiaire de la zone de bord (41) duquel le dégagement (40) est prévu.
  12. Commutateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le disque à déclic bistable (28) est un disque à déclic bimétallique ou trimétallique.
  13. Commutateur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le premier élément d'arrêt (57, 58 ; 61, 62 ; 68, 69) est disposé au niveau d'une surface extérieure (54) de l'élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45).
  14. Commutateur selon la revendication 1 ou 13, caractérisé en ce que le premier élément d'arrêt (57, 58 ; 61, 62 ; 68, 69) est disposé au niveau d'une surface intérieure (65) dans une ouverture de fond (64) de l'élément de contact (24 ; 45).
  15. Commutateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 13 ou 14, caractérisé en ce que le premier ou le deuxième élément d'arrêt (57, 58 ; 61, 62 ; 68, 69) est réalisé sous forme de rainure périphérique (61), de bourrelet périphérique (62), de languette élastique (68), d'évidement (69 ou de taquet d'arrêt (57, 58).
  16. Commutateur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1, 13, 14 ou 15, caractérisé en ce que le premier et/ou le deuxième élément d'arrêt (57, 58 ; 61 ; 68) sont réalisés de manière radialement flexible.
  17. Commutateur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le composant (46) comprend un disque doté d'une ouverture de passage (71) pour l'élément de contact (45), et l'élément de verrouillage (72) présente au moins une languette élastique radialement vers l'extérieur qui est située dans l'ouverture de passage (71) sous tension lorsque le mécanisme de commutation dépendant de la température se trouve dans sa première position de commutation, et qui prend appui sur une face inférieure (74) du disque lorsque le mécanisme de commutation dépendant de la température se trouve dans sa deuxième position de commutation.
  18. Commutateur selon la revendication 2 ou 17, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de verrouillage (72) est relié à l'élément de contact (45).
  19. Commutateur selon la revendication 2 ou 17, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de verrouillage (72) est relié à une rondelle élastique (27) ou à un disque à déclic (28) portant l'élément de contact (45).
  20. Commutateur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le composant est réalisé sous forme de bague d'écartement (17), et l'élément de verrouillage (72) présente au moins une languette élastique radialement vers l'extérieur (68) qui est disposée sur l'élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45) réalisé sous forme d'élément de transmission de courant (24), la languette (68) sous tension étant adjacente à une surface intérieure de la bague d'écartement (17) lorsque le mécanisme de commutation dépendant de la température se trouve dans sa première position de commutation, et prenant appui sur la bague d'écartement (17) lorsque le mécanisme de commutation dépendant de la température se trouve dans sa deuxième position de commutation.
  21. Commutateur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le composant est réalisé sous forme de bague d'écartement (17), et l'élément de verrouillage (72) présente au moins une languette élastique radialement vers l'intérieur (68) qui est disposée sur une surface intérieure de la bague d'écartement (17) et est sous tension adjacente à l'élément de contact (24 ; 26 ; 45) réalisé sous forme d'élément de transmission de courant (24) lorsque le mécanisme de commutation dépendant de la température se trouve dans sa première position de commutation, et prend appui sur l'élément de transmission de courant (24) lorsque le mécanisme de commutation dépendant de la température se trouve dans sa deuxième position de commutation.
EP18212149.1A 2018-01-16 2018-12-13 Commutateur dépendant de la température Active EP3511968B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018100890.2A DE102018100890B3 (de) 2018-01-16 2018-01-16 Temperaturabhängiger Schalter

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EP3511968A1 EP3511968A1 (fr) 2019-07-17
EP3511968B1 true EP3511968B1 (fr) 2022-03-30

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US (1) US10861662B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3511968B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN110047698B (fr)
DE (1) DE102018100890B3 (fr)
DK (1) DK3511968T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2914303T3 (fr)

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DE102019112074B4 (de) * 2019-05-09 2020-12-17 Marcel P. HOFSAESS Temperaturabhängiger Schalter
DE102019125451B4 (de) 2019-09-20 2021-04-08 Marcel P. HOFSAESS Temperaturabhängiger Schalter
DE102019125450B4 (de) * 2019-09-20 2021-04-08 Marcel P. HOFSAESS Temperaturabhängiger Schalter
DE102019125452B4 (de) 2019-09-20 2021-04-22 Marcel P. HOFSAESS Temperaturabhängiger Schalter
DE102019127678B3 (de) 2019-10-15 2021-02-11 Marcel P. HOFSAESS Temperaturabhängiger schalter
DE102019128367B4 (de) 2019-10-21 2021-06-10 Marcel P. HOFSAESS Temperaturabhängiger schalter
CN111540646B (zh) * 2020-04-24 2022-07-12 扬州五岳电器有限公司 一种小型过流过热保护器
CN113113264B (zh) * 2021-03-24 2021-11-09 宁波通宝华硕温控器有限公司 一种小型复位温控器

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK3511968T3 (da) 2022-05-23
ES2914303T3 (es) 2022-06-09
CN110047698B (zh) 2021-06-11
EP3511968A1 (fr) 2019-07-17
CN110047698A (zh) 2019-07-23
DE102018100890B3 (de) 2019-07-18
US20190221390A1 (en) 2019-07-18
US10861662B2 (en) 2020-12-08

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