EP3784489A1 - Lange sammelschienen mit segmenten für eine erhöhte robustheit - Google Patents
Lange sammelschienen mit segmenten für eine erhöhte robustheitInfo
- Publication number
- EP3784489A1 EP3784489A1 EP19712805.1A EP19712805A EP3784489A1 EP 3784489 A1 EP3784489 A1 EP 3784489A1 EP 19712805 A EP19712805 A EP 19712805A EP 3784489 A1 EP3784489 A1 EP 3784489A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- electrically conductive
- pdlc
- vehicle window
- vehicle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004983 Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 64
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000307 polymer substrate Polymers 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 271
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 10
- -1 Polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GVFOJDIFWSDNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Sb] GVFOJDIFWSDNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical class [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005344 low-emissivity glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920009441 perflouroethylene propylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002620 polyvinyl fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004812 Fluorinated ethylene propylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKUAPTKRCMAZPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N I=O.[Sn] Chemical compound I=O.[Sn] GKUAPTKRCMAZPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005358 alkali aluminosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011529 conductive interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000450 iodine oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- AFSVSXMRDKPOEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidoiodine(.) Chemical compound I[O] AFSVSXMRDKPOEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004984 smart glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
- H02G5/00—Installations of bus-bars
- H02G5/02—Open installations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10174—Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
- B32B17/10201—Dielectric coatings
- B32B17/10211—Doped dielectric layer, electrically conductive, e.g. SnO2:F
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10376—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing metal wires
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10431—Specific parts for the modulation of light incorporated into the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10467—Variable transmission
- B32B17/10495—Variable transmission optoelectronic, i.e. optical valve
- B32B17/10504—Liquid crystal layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1345—Conductors connecting electrodes to cell terminals
- G02F1/13452—Conductors connecting driver circuitry and terminals of panels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
- H01B5/14—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive layers or films on insulating-supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
- B32B2307/102—Insulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/20—Displays, e.g. liquid crystal displays, plasma displays
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a PDLC vehicle window having long busbars with increased robustness.
- PDLC layers polymer dispersed liquid crystal, liquid crystal dispersed in polymer
- PDLC disks also referred to as PDLC (smartglazing smart) or smart glass
- PDLC discs made of PDLC glass are also interesting for vehicles, especially for automotive glazing. Here you can, for example, make the installation of sun visors superfluous.
- PDLC films also requires busbars that make contact with the electrical power supply and distribute the electrical current to the PDLC film.
- the busbars used today are either short or divided into several sections.
- PDLC glasses are mainly used in buildings where the glasses are flat, which reduces the load on the busbars.
- a conventional busbar connected to a PDLC film, as shown in Fig. 1, with the conventional materials is realized in 4 steps.
- the PET carrier layer 6 is cut instead of the PET carrier layer 2.
- Such voltages can be the very thin electrical conductive layer of the PDLC film, e.g. an ITO coating, local to the polymeric support layer of the PDLC film, e.g. a PET layer, which can lead to a connection break.
- an ITO coating local to the polymeric support layer of the PDLC film, e.g. a PET layer, which can lead to a connection break.
- US 2013/265511 A1 relates to a liquid-crystal multiple glazing, in which between a first disc and a second disc
- Liquid crystal device which is formed of two indium tin oxide coated glass sheets and an intermediate liquid crystal layer.
- the indium-tin-oxide layers serve as electrodes, each connected to a bus bar of flexible copper foil.
- EP 0719075 A2 describes an electrically heated window comprising two panes which are laminated together by means of an intermediate layer,
- Connecting devices wherein the connecting device has at least one bus bar with a corner, which comprises a separate corner part, which is electrically connected to at least one adjacent part of the busbar.
- the connection of the parts can be formed by an overlapping arrangement.
- a solder can be used to connect a solder.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a vehicle window with a PDLC layer, the installation of long busbars improved electrical properties, in particular a more homogeneous circuit allows, at the same time an increased mechanical robustness of the bus bar is achieved to the problems described above Bending and / or
- Advantages of the invention are a much more robust design of the busbar, which mechanical stresses, eg in bending and / or Temperature fluctuations, can be better resisted. Therefore, longer embodiments of the busbar, z. With lengths of more than 50 cm and even more than 1 00 cm, without causing problems such as delamination, local increase in electrical current, local temperature increase, local reduction of opacity in off mode, and loss of electrical contact. Through the use of long busbars improve the
- the invention thus relates to a vehicle window 1 comprising, in this order, an outer glass pane, one or more outer laminating layers, one or more inner laminating layers and an inner glass pane, wherein between the outer laminating layer (s) and the inner laminating layer (s) a PDLC layer stack is arranged, which is formed in this order
- the outer polymeric support layer 2 wherein on one side portion of the PDLC layer stack, the outer polymeric support layer 2, the outer electrically conductive layer 3 and the PDLC layer 4 are recessed such that the inner electrically conductive layer 5 overhangs there together with the inner polymeric support layer 6 and another
- the inner polymeric support layer 6 Side portion of the PDLC layer stack, the inner polymeric support layer 6, the inner electrically conductive layer 5 and the PDLC layer 4 are recessed, so that there the outer electrically conductive layer 3 protrudes together with the outer polymeric support layer 2, and
- a respective bus bar 7, 8 is arranged, which is connected via an electrically conductive intermediate layer 19 with the electrically conductive layer 3, 5 of the PDLC layer stack, wherein the bus bars 7, 8 each consist of at least two separate electrically conductive Metal bands 9, 10, 1 1, 12, 1 3, 14 are formed, which are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction, wherein the adjacent separate metal bands via at least one bridge element 15 or an overlapping arrangement 16 are electrically connected.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the electrical connection of a
- Busbar to the PDLC layer stack in a vehicle window Since in this cross-sectional view the subdivision of the busbar according to the invention is not apparent, it does not differ from a cross-sectional view of an embodiment according to the prior art;
- Fig. 2 are schematic plan views of a PDLC vehicle window after
- FIG. 2A shows a PDLC vehicle window with bridge elements (FIG. 2B) according to the invention
- FIG. 2C PDLC vehicle window with overlapping arrangement according to the invention
- Fig. 3 shows schematically a bridge element, the two separate metal bands of
- Busbar connects, in front view (Figure 3A) and rear view ( Figure 3B);
- Fig. 4 shows schematically an overlapping arrangement of two separate
- Fig. 5 shows schematically an overlapping arrangement of two separate
- the vehicle window comprises in this order an outer glass pane, one or more outer laminating layers, one or more inner ones
- Laminating layers and an inner glass sheet wherein a PDLC layer stack is disposed between the one or more outer laminating layers and the one or more inner laminating layers.
- PDLC layer stacks are known and commercially available in great variety.
- the PDLC layer stack is often referred to simply as PDLC film.
- Apart from the PDLC layer are used for the layers contained in the vehicle window usually appropriate films used for the production, which are commercially available.
- the PDLC layer stack is disposed between the outer laminating layer (s) and the inner laminating layer (s). It is made up of the following layers in this order:
- the PDLC layer comprises a polymer matrix in which liquid crystal droplets are embedded.
- the polymer matrix may contain other ingredients, eg. B. spacers made of a non-conductive material made of glass or plastic. The spacers are preferably transparent.
- an electrically conductive layer is further applied to the polymer matrix, which is referred to herein as an inner electrically conductive layer and outer electrically conductive layer.
- the inner electrically conductive layer and the outer electrically conductive layer may be the same or different, but are usually the same. The following statements simply refer to electrically conductive layer and apply equally to both the inner electrically conductive layer and the outer electrically conductive layer.
- the electrically conductive layers are preferably transparent.
- the electrically conductive layer may, for. B. transparent, conductive oxides (TCO) included. Examples are tin-doped iodine oxide (ITO, also referred to as tin-iodine oxide), tin oxide doped with antimony or fluorine (SnO 2 : F), gallium-doped zinc oxide or zinc oxide doped with aluminum (ZnO: Al) ITO is preferred.
- the thickness of the electroconductive layers based on these transparent conductive oxides (TCO) is preferably in the range of 10 nm to 2 mhh, more preferably 30 nm to 500 nm, and more preferably 50 to 100 nm.
- the electrically conductive layer may also be a metal layer, preferably a thin layer or a stack of thin layers comprising metal layers. Suitable metals are for. B. Ag, Al, Pd, Cu, Pd, Pt, I n, Mo, Au, Ni, Cr, W. These metal coatings are referred to as TCC (transparent conductive coating). Typical thicknesses of the individual layers are in the range of 2 to 50 nm.
- the thickness of PDLC layer together with the outer and inner electrically conductive layer may be e.g. in the range from 5 to 40 ⁇ m, preferably from 10 to 25 ⁇ m.
- the (inner and outer) electrically conductive layers on the PDLC layer form electrodes that are in contact with the polymer matrix.
- the electrically conductive layers are formed in the disc according to the invention so that they can be connected via the busbar explained later with a switched on and off voltage source. Without an electric field, the liquid crystal droplets of the polymer matrix are not aligned, resulting in the cloudy or opaque mode of the disks. This is the off or opaque mode. Upon application of an electric field, the liquid crystal droplets are aligned in the same direction and the PDLC layer becomes transparent. This is the switched on or transparent mode. The process is reversible.
- the PDLC layer stack further comprises an outer polymeric support layer and an inner polymeric support layer disposed on the outsides of the PDLC layer stack and in which the PDLC layer and the inner and outer electrically conductive layers are embedded.
- the outer polymeric support layer and the inner polymeric support layer may be the same or different, but are typically the same. The following statements simply refer to polymeric carrier layer and apply equally to both the outer polymeric carrier layer and the inner polymeric ones
- the polymeric carrier layers preferably contain at least one
- thermoplastic polymer The two polymeric carrier layers may be the same or different.
- the polymeric carrier layers may, for. B.
- PET Polyethylene terephthalate
- EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- polypropylene polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacetate resin, casting resins, acrylates, fluorinated ethylene-propylenes, polyvinyl fluoride, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene, or mixtures thereof.
- PET layers PET layers. This is particularly advantageous with regard to the stabilization of the PDLC layer.
- each polymeric carrier layer in particular a PET carrier layer, z. B. in the range of 0, 1 mm to 1 mm, preferably from 0, 1 mm to 0.2 mm.
- the vehicle window according to the invention is a laminated glass pane in which the PDLC layer stack is contained as a functional layer.
- the vehicle window comprises an outer and an inner glass panel which are laminated by one or more laminating films on both sides of the functional layer to a solid composite.
- the glass pane is referred to in the context of the invention, which is provided when installed in a vehicle as the vehicle interior facing the disc of the vehicle window.
- the glass pane is referred to, which is provided when installed in a vehicle as the outer environment facing disc.
- the vehicle window may be a flat or curved vehicle window.
- the inner and outer glass are flat.
- the inner and outer glass pane are bent.
- the inner glass pane and the outer glass pane may be made of the same material or of different material.
- the disks may be inorganic glass and / or organic glass (polymers).
- the inner glass pane and / or the outer glass pane contains glass and / or polymers, preferably flat glass, quartz glass,
- Borosilicate glass soda-lime glass, Alkalialu minosilicate glass, polycarbonate and / or polymethacrylate.
- the inner glass pane and the outer glass pane are preferably made of soda-lime glass.
- the inner glass sheet and the outer glass sheet may have the same thickness or different thicknesses.
- the inner glass sheet and the outer glass sheet independently have a thickness in the range of 0.4 to 5.0 mm, e.g. B. 0.4 to 3.9 mm, more preferably 1, 6 to 2.5 mm, on.
- the outer pane is preferably thicker or the same thickness as the inner pane.
- the inner glass pane and / or the outer glass pane may be clear or tinted. Tinted glass panels are preferably gray or dark gray.
- the inner glass pane and / or the outer glass pane may have further suitable, known per se coatings, for. Non-stick coatings, tinted coatings, anti-scratch coatings or low-E coatings.
- An example of coated glass is low-e glass (low-emissivity glass).
- Low-E glasses are commercially available and coated with one or more metal layers.
- the metal coating is very thin, e.g. it has a thickness of about 1 0 to 200 nm, z. B. about 1 00 nm.
- the coating is preferably on the inner side of the glass pane relative to the vehicle window.
- the vehicle window further comprises one or more outer laminating layers between the outer glass pane and the PDLC layer stack, and one or more inner laminating layers between the inner glass pane and the PDLC layer stack.
- the outer laminating layer and the inner laminating layer may be the same or different, but are usually the same. The following statements simply refer to lamination and apply equally to both the outer lamination layer and the inner lamination layer.
- the laminating layer is in particular a polymeric laminating layer.
- the laminating layers contain a thermoplastic polymer. The following information applies independently to all of these one or more lamination layers unless otherwise specified.
- the laminating layers may be the same or different.
- suitable commercial laminating films are used as the starting material for forming the laminating layers. They are used for bonding or lamination of the components of the vehicle window in order to obtain the adhesive glass composite.
- the laminating layer can, for. Polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate,
- the lamination layer contains polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate, polyurethane, and / or mixtures thereof, and / or copolymers thereof, with PVB lamination layers being preferred.
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- the lamination layers preferably PVB lamination layers, preferably have a thickness of 0.1 to 1.5 mm, more preferably 0.3 to 0.9 mm.
- Vehicle window optionally one or more additional functional
- Layers in particular polymeric functional layers between the inner and outer glass pane.
- examples are acoustic films, absorption films and IR-reflecting films or the acoustic layers or IR-reflecting layers formed therefrom.
- I R is an abbreviation for I nfrarot.
- Absorbent films can serve to absorb UV, I R, or visible light. If, in addition to the laminating layers, further functional layers are contained, the functional layers are preferably between two
- the layers closest to the inner and outer glass sheets are generally laminating layers.
- Acoustic layers are z. B. from several, z. B. three, PVB layers, wherein in the middle of a softer PVB layer is included. Since the acoustic layers are also suitable as laminating layers, they can perform a dual function.
- I R reflective layers are z. B. formed from a polymeric support layer and an I R-reflective coating thereon. The polymers
- Carrier layer may e.g. be formed of polyester, polycarbonate, cellulose acetate, acrylate or polyvinyl chloride, with a PET carrier layer is preferred.
- the I R-reflecting coating can basically be designed differently and preferably comprises at least one silver layer. Generally common
- the outer polymeric support layer, the outer electrically conductive layer, and the PDLC layer are recessed so that the inner electrically conductive layer protrudes there along with the inner polymeric support layer. Further, on another side portion of the PDLC layer stack, the inner polymeric support layer, the inner electrically conductive layer, and the PDLC layer are recessed so that the outer electrically conductive layer protrudes there along with the outer polymeric support layer.
- the corresponding recesses on the side portions of the PDLC layer stack can be achieved in the usual way.
- the polymeric backing layer to be dispensed, including the electrically conductive layer associated therewith, is selectively removed by cutting.
- the released PDLC layer is then released from the
- a bus bar is arranged, which is connected via an electrically conductive intermediate layer to the electrically conductive layer of the PDLC layer stack.
- bus bars are electrically connected to the electrically conductive layers of the PDLC layer stack.
- the busbars can be connected to a power source that can be switched on and off via contact leads.
- bus bars are each formed from at least two separate electrically conductive metal bands which are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction, wherein the adjacent separate metal bands are electrically conductively connected via at least one bridge element or an overlapping arrangement.
- the mechanical stress is due to the subdivision of the busbar in several sections, which are electrically connected via expansion joints, reduced.
- the expansion joints are necessary to reduce the load.
- the overlapping arrangement is advantageous since the metal bands usually used already have on one side a conductive adhesive layer, which can be used in the overlapping arrangement directly for connection to the adjacent metal band of the busbars. In this way, no additional steps are necessary.
- the electrically conductive intermediate layer is preferably a silver layer.
- the electrically conductive intermediate layer e.g. also layers selected from copper layers, carbon layers or tin-antimony layers can be used.
- the electrically conductive intermediate layer in particular the silver layer, can be applied in a conventional manner to the protruding inner electrically conductive layer and the protruding outer electrically conductive layer.
- Coating may e.g. by painting with a brush, a brush or a roller, or by printing, e.g. by screen printing, and optionally
- the electrically conductive intermediate layer may be expedient, before applying the electrically conductive intermediate layer, to apply an adhesive tape between the point at which the electrically conductive intermediate layer is to be applied and the complete PDLC layer stack. After the application of the electrically conductive
- the tape can be removed again.
- the advantage of this procedure is that the electrically conductive intermediate layer can be applied to the supernatant electrically conductive layer in a uniform thickness by alignment with the adhesive tape and the adhesive tape is prevented from undesired contact of the intermediate layer to be applied with the other, not protruding, electrically conductive layer in the complete PDLC layer stack protects.
- a silver layer for a silver layer, as the coating composition, e.g. a usual silver paste or Leitsilberpaste be used. Silver pastes or
- Conductive silver pastes usually contain high amounts of silver or silver alloy, eg at least 30% by weight, eg 30 to 88% by weight, as powder or flakes, organic binders, organic solvents and optionally further additives.
- silver or silver alloy eg at least 30% by weight, eg 30 to 88% by weight, as powder or flakes, organic binders, organic solvents and optionally further additives.
- organic binders e.g., tin-antimony layers, copper contact paste, carbon conductive paste, and tin-antimony conductive paste, respectively, may be used as the coating composition.
- the electrically conductive intermediate layer in particular the silver layer, may have a thickness of up to a few micrometers, eg. Example, a thickness in the range of 0.8 to 1 00 mhh, preferably 1, 5 to 75 mhh have.
- the electrically conductive intermediate layer in particular the silver layer, is preferably applied in a pattern, in particular in strip form.
- the patterned form of the electrically conductive intermediate layer thereby corresponds to the shape of the busbar to be applied thereon, with possibly smaller and / or larger dimensions also being possible.
- the busbar may, for. B. be slightly wider than the underlying electrically conductive intermediate layer.
- the electrically conductive metal band may be any suitable metal band.
- Metal includes metal alloys here.
- the electrically conductive metal strip is preferably a copper strip.
- the copper strip may be a strip of pure copper or a copper alloy, e.g. As a copper-tin alloy, be.
- As a metal band are also coated with tin-coated copper tape, which here also as
- the electrically conductive metal strip in particular the copper strip, is applied to the electrically conductive intermediate layer, in particular the silver layer, and connected thereto, for. B. by gluing or by soldering. For sticking usually a conventional conductive adhesive is used.
- a conductive adhesive is an electrically conductive adhesive: the conductivity can be e.g. be achieved in that in the adhesive electrically conductive particles such. As silver particles are included.
- the electrically conductive metal strip in particular the copper strip, is preferably a self-adhesive metal strip.
- the self-adhesive metal strip in particular self-adhesive copper strip, may be coated on one side or on both sides with a conductive adhesive. Such self-adhesive metal bands or
- Copper tapes are commercially available and are usually provided with a release liner to protect the adhesive layer.
- the self-adhesive metal strip in particular self-adhesive copper strip, is advantageous because it can simply be glued directly to the conductive adhesive layer on the electrically conductive intermediate layer, in particular the silver layer, so that no further steps are required.
- the electrically conductive layers of the PDLC layer stack are preferably formed of transparent, conductive oxides, preferably I-tin-tin oxide. Suitable and preferred thicknesses for these layers have been given above.
- a bridge element connects two adjacent electrically conductive metal bands with each other in an electrically conductive manner.
- the bridge element is made of an electrically conductive material, for. As a metal, including
- the bridge element may be made of the same material as the electrically conductive metal strip.
- the bridge element is formed of copper tape.
- the bridge element can be a
- self-adhesive electrically conductive metal strip in particular a self-adhesive copper strip.
- the bridge element may have any suitable shape.
- B U-shaped, V-shaped or sawtooth-shaped or zigzag-shaped, with U-shaped is preferred.
- the bridge element is U-shaped, one leg of the bridge element being mounted on an electrically conductive metal strip, preferably copper strip, and the other leg of the bridge element
- Bridge element on the adjacent electrically conductive metal strip preferably copper tape
- the legs can be attached by gluing with conductive adhesive or by soldering to the respective electrically conductive metal strip, soldering is preferred because a firmer connection can be achieved.
- a U-shaped bridge element is in particular a suitably folded metal strip or copper strip. This is easily obtained by flatly folding the two end portions on a diagonal piece of a piece of metal strip, in particular copper strip, of suitable length (see Figures 3A and 3B).
- Metal bands in particular copper bands, electrically connected to each other by means of overlapping arrangement.
- an electrically conductive metal strip is not applied in its entirety to the electrically conductive intermediate layer, and the partial length (protruding) not applied to the electrically conductive intermediate layer is overlapped on the adjacent metal strip.
- a metal band is used which is longer than the length with which it is applied to the intermediate layer. The non-applied part length of the metal strip is
- the overlapping connection preferably takes place by means of a bond, in particular by using a self-adhesive metal strip, in particular copper strip.
- the length of the area where the two metal bands overlap may be selected depending on the specific requirements. It can e.g. from 5 to 100 mm, preferably from 10 to 30 mm.
- the at least one bridge element is preferably attached or fixed by gluing or soldering to the adjacent electrically conductive metal strips.
- the applied part of the metal strip is preferably attached or attached by gluing or soldering to the adjacent electrically conductive metal strip.
- gluing a conductive adhesive is used in particular.
- bridge element soldering is preferred, as this stronger connection is achieved, but also bonding is possible.
- adhesive bonding using self-adhesive metal strips or copper strips is preferred, since this is very simple to carry out.
- long busbars can be provided which, despite their length, are mechanically robust.
- the busbars may, for example, each have a length of at least 50 cm.
- the busbars (7, 8) preferably have a length of at least 60 cm, more preferably at least 80 cm and particularly preferably at least 100 cm.
- Copper tapes from which the busbar is formed may e.g. in the range of 25 to 80 cm, preferably 30 to 60 cm. As a length, only the length of the metal strip is considered, which is directly on the electrically conductive
- the actual length of the metal strip may be greater when a portion of the metal strip is overlapped on the adjacent metal strip.
- the distance between two adjacent electrically conductive metal ribbons disposed on the electrically conductive interlayer may vary as desired, taking into account practical considerations. It can e.g. be appropriate, the separate metal bands immediately adjacent, i. virtually no distance to arrange, especially in the overlapping arrangement.
- a certain distance may be expedient to simplify the manufacture and / or to avoid interactions between the separate metal bands.
- Metal bands in particular copper bands, may e.g. in the range of 0 to 50 mm, preferably from 3 to 10 mm, are, in particular when using
- the busbar may be formed of two or more separate electrically conductive metal bands. The appropriate number can be varied as needed, and depends in particular on the desired overall length of the busbar.
- the busbar may be e.g. be formed of two, three, four or more separate electrically conductive metal bands, in particular copper bands, which in
- a bus bar is in one
- Vehicle window arranged. It is preferred that the two sides, in the side regions of the bus bars are arranged, are longer than the other two sides of the vehicle window.
- the longer opposite sides of the vehicle window are usually the sides that represent the top and bottom of the vehicle window when installed.
- the electrically conductive intermediate layer, in particular silver layer, under the busbar is in particular a continuous electrically conductive
- Interlayer This means that the interlayer is consistently present under the entire busbar, even at the points where two metal bands are adjacent to the busbar.
- the PDLC layer stack may be laterally sealed with an adhesive sealant and / or a thermoplastic strip to protect against corrosion.
- the seal may also be the
- Busbars include.
- the lateral refers to the side surfaces of the PDLC layer stack as opposed to the top and bottom of the PDLC layer stack.
- the adhesive sealing compound may be, for example, a polyvinyl butyral (PVB) adhesive composition and / or worked out in the form of a frame.
- the remaining edge is sealed circumferentially by the adhesive sealant, which has the same thickness as the PDLC layer stack and thus also acts as a spacer. In this way, the PDLC layer stack is framed laterally by the adhesive sealant.
- the inner and / or the outer glass pane may have a coating in one or more edge regions, preferably all edge regions, preferably a coating with a ceramic color, such as a black ceramic color.
- a coating of the side edges with ceramic paint is used, for example, gluing, which in the assembly of a glass to a
- busbars are therefore preferably arranged in the side regions of the vehicle window, where the inner and / or the outer glass pane with a
- opaque coating in particular a ceramic paint coating, is provided or are.
- the vehicle window according to the invention is suitable for all vehicles, eg. B.
- Motor vehicles trains, ships or aircraft, with motor vehicles being particularly preferred.
- suitable motor vehicles are buses, tractors, trucks and passenger cars, with passenger cars being particularly preferred.
- the vehicle window is a
- Sunroof panel a glass roof, a rear window, a rear side window or a front side window, preferably in a motor vehicle,
- the invention also relates to a vehicle comprising at least one
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the electrical connection of a busbar to the PDLC layer stack in an inventive
- the PDLC layer stack is made of a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer as an outer polymeric support layer 2, an I ndium-Tin-Oxide (ITO) layer as an outer electroconductive layer 3, a PDLC layer 4, an ITO layer as an inner layer electrically conductive layer 5 and a PET layer as internal polymer
- Carrier layer 6 is formed.
- the ITO layers have a thickness of about 50 to 300 nm.
- the outer polymeric support layer 2, the outer electroconductive layer 3 and the PDLC layer 4 are recessed so that the inner ITO layer 5 together with the inner PET layer 6 overhangs the PDLC layer stack .
- a silver layer as an intermediate layer 1 9 is arranged, which has a thickness of about 25 mhh and a width of about 5 mm.
- the busbar formed of copper band 8 which has a thickness of about 30 to 1 00 mhh and a width of about 6 mm. That for the
- Busbar used copper tape is a self-adhesive tape, which has on one side an adhesive layer of conductive adhesive and thus adhered to the silver layer.
- a tinned copper tape and a double-sided adhesive conductive tape can be used for fixing.
- a bus bar 7 which is arranged through the intermediate layer 1 9 on the protruding outer ITO layer 3.
- busbars 7, 8 are contacted with supply lines, which realize the connection with an on and off electrical voltage source (not shown).
- the remaining components of the vehicle window are also not shown for reasons of clarity.
- the existing in the figure 1 spaces in the vehicle window usually by the material of
- FIG. 2 shows schematic plan views of a PDLC vehicle window 1 00 according to the prior art (FIG. 2A), a PDLC vehicle window 1 according to the invention with bridge elements (FIG. 2B) and a PDLC vehicle window 1 according to the invention with an overlapping arrangement (FIG 2C), all based on the basic connection of the busbar to the PDLC layer stack shown in FIG.
- the outer edge regions of a glass pane are provided with a black ceramic paint (103, 22) as optical protection.
- the upper glass pane and the upper laminating layers have been omitted for reasons of clarity.
- FIG. 2A shows schematic plan views of a PDLC vehicle window 1 00 according to the prior art
- FIG. 2B shows bridge elements
- FIG. 2C a PDLC vehicle window 1 according to the invention with an overlapping arrangement
- FIG. 2A shows a PDLC vehicle window 100 according to the prior art, in which the bus bars 101, 102 each consist of a continuous one
- Copper band are formed.
- the length of the busbars are relatively short (about 40 cm). Both busbars are in the side area of a short side of
- the length of the prior art busbars is generally less than half the side width of the PDLC film and typically not more than 50 cm.
- FIG. 2B shows a PDLC vehicle window 1 according to the invention.
- the two bus bars are arranged on side edge areas of respectively opposite sides 20, 21 of the vehicle window, which are longer than the other two sides of the vehicle window.
- Each busbar is composed of three separate longitudinally successively arranged copper strips 12, 13, 14 or 9, 10,
- the separate copper bands each have a length of about 40 cm.
- the adjacent copper strips are each connected by a bridge element 15 electrically conductive with each other.
- the bridge element is a U-shaped copper strip and described in more detail in FIGS. 3A and 3B.
- the total length of the busbars 7, 8 is about 120 cm each. The great length results in a very homogeneous switchability of the PDLC system. Despite the long length, the busbars show excellent robustness against mechanical loads.
- FIG. 2C shows a further PDLC vehicle pane 1 according to the invention.
- the two bus bars are on side edge areas of, respectively
- Each busbar is formed from three separate longitudinally successively arranged copper bands 12, 13, 14 and 9, 10, 1 1.
- the separate copper strips if they are mounted directly on the silver layer (not shown), each have a length of about 40 cm.
- the copper bands used for the overlap are slightly longer, with the part not applied to the silver layer serving for the overlap.
- the adjacent copper bands are each overlapped by one
- the total length of the busbars 7, 8 is about 120 cm each.
- the great length results in a very homogeneous switchability of the PDLC system.
- the busbars show excellent robustness against mechanical loads.
- FIGS. 3A and 3B schematically show a bridge element 15 connecting two separate copper bands 12, 13 of the busbar.
- Figs. 3A and 3B are a detailed view of Fig. 2B, with Fig. 3A showing the front view and Fig. 3B showing the rear view.
- the separate copper strips 12, 13 as part of the busbar are applied to the silver layer 19.
- the distance between the two separate copper strips 12, 13 is about 5 mm.
- the bridge element is also formed of copper tape.
- the copper strip for the bridge element 15 is folded flat at both end regions on a diagonal so that a U-shaped bridge element 15 results.
- One leg of the bridge element is soldered to the separate copper strip 12, the other leg to the separate copper strip thirteenth
- FIG. 4 schematically shows an overlapping arrangement of two separate copper strips 12, 13 of the busbar in cross-section.
- FIG. 4 is a detailed view of FIG. 2C.
- the cross-section extends in the longitudinal direction of the bus bar on the protruding inner electrically conductive layer of the PDLC layer stack.
- the ITO layer is located as the inner electrically conductive layer 5 and over the ITO layer Silver layer as an intermediate layer 19.
- the copper strips 12, 13 are shown in overlapping arrangement 16.
- the copper strips 12, 13 are self-adhesive copper strips and are glued to the silver layer.
- the copper tape 12 used is longer than for the application on the
- the part of the copper strip 12 which is not applied to the silver layer is overlapped onto the adjacent copper strip 1 3 applied to the silver layer, so that an overlapping arrangement 16 results.
- the overlapping area has z. B. a length of about 1 cm. Since copper tape 12 is a self-adhesive copper tape, it can be adhered to the adjacent copper tape 13 in a simple manner.
- Fig. 5 shows schematically the overlapping arrangement of the copper strips 12, 13 of Fig. 4 in plan view.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP18168755 | 2018-04-23 | ||
PCT/EP2019/058016 WO2019206561A1 (de) | 2018-04-23 | 2019-03-29 | Lange sammelschienen mit segmenten für eine erhöhte robustheit |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3784489A1 true EP3784489A1 (de) | 2021-03-03 |
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EP19712805.1A Pending EP3784489A1 (de) | 2018-04-23 | 2019-03-29 | Lange sammelschienen mit segmenten für eine erhöhte robustheit |
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US (1) | US20210242674A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3784489A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP7245262B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR20200144573A (de) |
CN (1) | CN110636941A (de) |
BR (1) | BR112020021666A2 (de) |
MA (1) | MA52344A (de) |
MX (1) | MX2020011224A (de) |
PE (1) | PE20201260A1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2765961C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2019206561A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA3074543A1 (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-09-08 | Wolf Steel Ltd. | Smart glass for a fireplace |
CN113557131A (zh) * | 2020-02-19 | 2021-10-26 | 法国圣戈班玻璃厂 | 具有多个功能元件和在阻隔膜上的汇流条的复合玻璃板 |
US11686966B2 (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2023-06-27 | Switchble Llc | Busbar anchoring system and method for PDLC films |
Family Cites Families (23)
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US3612745A (en) * | 1970-07-08 | 1971-10-12 | Sierracin Corp | Flexural bus bar assembly |
US4109044A (en) * | 1976-08-27 | 1978-08-22 | Libbey-Owens-Ford Company | Electrically heated window having sharply bent portions |
US4283593A (en) * | 1979-05-25 | 1981-08-11 | Thomas & Betts Corporation | Multiconductor cable |
JPS6299191U (de) * | 1985-12-13 | 1987-06-24 | ||
GB9425986D0 (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1995-02-22 | Pilkington Glass Ltd | Electrically heated window |
JP4391717B2 (ja) * | 2002-01-09 | 2009-12-24 | 富士通マイクロエレクトロニクス株式会社 | コンタクタ及びその製造方法並びにコンタクト方法 |
JP4060249B2 (ja) * | 2003-07-29 | 2008-03-12 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | 調光体及び合わせガラス |
US7223940B2 (en) * | 2005-02-22 | 2007-05-29 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Heatable windshield |
FR2908229B1 (fr) * | 2006-11-03 | 2023-04-28 | Saint Gobain | Couche transparente a haute conductivite electrique avec grille metallique a tenue electrochimique optimisee adaptee pour subir un traitement thermique de type bombage, ou trempe |
FR2961916B1 (fr) * | 2010-06-25 | 2013-04-12 | Saint Gobain | Vitrage feuillete a diffusion variable par cristaux liquides, son procede de fabrication et dispositif pour sa fabrication |
FR2965641B1 (fr) * | 2010-10-04 | 2013-10-11 | Saint Gobain | Vitrage multiple a diffusion variable par cristaux liquides, son procede de fabrication |
FR2985328B1 (fr) * | 2011-12-29 | 2013-12-20 | Saint Gobain | Vitrage multiple a diffusion variable par cristaux liquides |
FR2985327B1 (fr) * | 2011-12-29 | 2013-12-20 | Saint Gobain | Vitrage multiple a diffusion variable par cristaux liquides, son procede de fabrication |
DE102012000290A1 (de) * | 2012-01-10 | 2013-07-11 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Glimmschutz |
ES2804299T3 (es) * | 2012-08-01 | 2021-02-05 | Saint Gobain | Cristal compuesto con puesta en contacto eléctrico |
US9868536B2 (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2018-01-16 | Goodrich Corporation | Electrical interconnects for ice protection systems |
CA2944245C (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2019-11-26 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Transparent pane having a heatable coating |
WO2016000927A1 (de) * | 2014-07-01 | 2016-01-07 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Beheizbare laminierte seitenscheibe |
GB2528899B (en) * | 2014-08-04 | 2019-12-04 | Ford Global Tech Llc | An electrically heated laminated window |
GB201509630D0 (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-07-15 | Pilkington Group Ltd | Laminated glazing |
US10593502B1 (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-03-17 | Superior Essex International LP | Fusible continuous shields for use in communication cables |
WO2017135182A1 (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2017-08-10 | Central Glass Company, Limited | Polymer dispersed liquid crystal glass construction |
WO2019055306A1 (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2019-03-21 | Sage Electrochromics, Inc. | NON-ELECTROLUMINESCENT VARIABLE TRANSMISSION DEVICE AND ITS FORMATION METHOD |
-
2019
- 2019-03-29 PE PE2020001637A patent/PE20201260A1/es unknown
- 2019-03-29 JP JP2020558868A patent/JP7245262B2/ja active Active
- 2019-03-29 RU RU2020138034A patent/RU2765961C1/ru active
- 2019-03-29 BR BR112020021666-6A patent/BR112020021666A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2019-03-29 KR KR1020207033399A patent/KR20200144573A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2019-03-29 CN CN201980000918.7A patent/CN110636941A/zh active Pending
- 2019-03-29 US US17/049,844 patent/US20210242674A1/en active Pending
- 2019-03-29 MA MA052344A patent/MA52344A/fr unknown
- 2019-03-29 EP EP19712805.1A patent/EP3784489A1/de active Pending
- 2019-03-29 MX MX2020011224A patent/MX2020011224A/es unknown
- 2019-03-29 WO PCT/EP2019/058016 patent/WO2019206561A1/de unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2021521093A (ja) | 2021-08-26 |
RU2765961C1 (ru) | 2022-02-07 |
CN110636941A (zh) | 2019-12-31 |
MA52344A (fr) | 2021-03-03 |
JP7245262B2 (ja) | 2023-03-23 |
WO2019206561A1 (de) | 2019-10-31 |
US20210242674A1 (en) | 2021-08-05 |
BR112020021666A2 (pt) | 2021-01-26 |
KR20200144573A (ko) | 2020-12-29 |
PE20201260A1 (es) | 2020-11-19 |
MX2020011224A (es) | 2020-11-09 |
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