EP3770545B1 - Dispositif et procédé pour nettoyer des installations - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour nettoyer des installations Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3770545B1
EP3770545B1 EP19187636.6A EP19187636A EP3770545B1 EP 3770545 B1 EP3770545 B1 EP 3770545B1 EP 19187636 A EP19187636 A EP 19187636A EP 3770545 B1 EP3770545 B1 EP 3770545B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
detonator
mixture
casing
housing
cartridge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19187636.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3770545A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Thiemer
Fred Wanschers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Conservator Tyche Beheer BV
Original Assignee
Conservator Tyche Beheer BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Conservator Tyche Beheer BV filed Critical Conservator Tyche Beheer BV
Priority to EP19187636.6A priority Critical patent/EP3770545B1/fr
Priority to AU2020318762A priority patent/AU2020318762A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2020/070728 priority patent/WO2021013905A2/fr
Priority to EP20746599.8A priority patent/EP4004484A2/fr
Priority to JP2022504018A priority patent/JP2022541598A/ja
Publication of EP3770545A1 publication Critical patent/EP3770545A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3770545B1 publication Critical patent/EP3770545B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/18—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved
    • F42C15/188—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a rotatable carrier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
    • B08B7/0007—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by explosions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D25/00—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag
    • F27D25/006—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag using explosives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G7/00—Cleaning by vibration or pressure waves
    • F28G7/005—Cleaning by vibration or pressure waves by explosions or detonations; by pressure waves generated by combustion processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/18—Safety initiators resistant to premature firing by static electricity or stray currents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/26—Arrangements for mounting initiators; Accessories therefor, e.g. tools
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/18—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved
    • F42C15/184—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a slidable carrier

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cartridge for on- or offline cleaning installations, such as incinerators, heat exchangers, flue gas channels, and silos, comprising a casing, e.g. a sleeve, containing a pyrotechnical mixture, in particular a class P2 pyrotechnical mixture, and/or components of a pyrotechnical mixture and comprising an electrical detonator for initiating deflagration of the mixture.
  • Other applications include, but are not limited to, bundles of heat exchanger pipes, evaporators, economizers, washers/scrubbers, cyclones, catalysts, absorbers, spray dryers, cooling towers, funnels, and various filters.
  • the invention also relates to a system comprising such a cartridge and a lance for holding, cooling, and positioning the cartridge inside an installation.
  • WO 2011/096872 relates to a rock cracker cartridge (numeral 1 in the figures of WO 2011/096872 ) which contains a cracking powder charge (6) and an ignition capsule (30) with an ignition powder charge (29) in an ignition unit sleeve (31) which does not possess the mechanical strength that would be required for the ignition powder charge to be exploded in the open air when ignited.
  • an ignition assembly sleeve (7a) which surrounds the ignition unit sleeve when the rock cracker cartridge is primed.
  • the assembly which surrounds the cracking powder charge and which comprises the ignition unit sleeve and the ignition assembly sleeve, has a sufficient strength for an adequate pressure to be developed in the assembly such that the ignition powder charge will explode and generate a flame of fire and the ignition unit sleeve as well as the ignition assembly sleeve be penetrated by the pressure and the flame of fire, said flame of fire igniting the cracking powder charge.
  • DE 20 2017 001549 relates to a system for deslagging containers and plants by means of blasting, wherein a classified as a so-called firecrackers / pyrotechnics, disintegrants (z. B. class IV, T1 or T2), in the vicinity of the pollution or Caking or slagging is brought, and the explosive mixture is made to explode.
  • pyrotechnics are by some perceived as relatively safe when compared to gelatinous explosives, such as ethylene glycol dinitrate, diethylene glycol dinitrate, nitro-glycerine, in practice they are not safer.
  • the cartridge comprises a housing which accommodates the detonator and which housing is attached to the casing and movable between a first (safe) position, wherein the detonator is isolated from the pyrotechnical mixture, and a second (primed) position, wherein the detonator extends in the pyrotechnical mixture.
  • the housing or detonator on the one hand and the casing on the other hand comprise engaging parts that enable moving, and preferably also locking after priming, of the detonator to inside the mixture by relative sliding and/or rotation of the detonator and the casing.
  • the housing or detonator on the one hand comprises at least one protrusion, such as a cam, key, or external screw thread, or a groove, such as an bayonet slot or an internal screw thread
  • the casing on the other hand comprises a groove or protrusion, respectively, cooperating with the protrusion or groove in or on the housing to define a path of the relative movement.
  • the cartridge can be primed at the work, e.g. some moments prior to its use, by establishing e.g. a screw, bayonet, or snap fit connection between the detonator and the casing.
  • a blocking mechanism such as a ring that can be torn off e.g. by breaking it, is located between the housing and the casing, to prevent inadvertent priming.
  • the donator is at the distal end of the housing and exposed at least laterally.
  • the mixture is a suspended, e.g. fluidized (upon shaking) powder, i.e. a powder loose in the casing, a compactable powder, i.e. a coherent mass which can still be compacted to such an extent that it allows the detonator to be extended directly into the mixture, or a compacted powder with a defined cavity for receiving the detonator.
  • a suspended powder e.g. fluidized (upon shaking) powder
  • a compactable powder i.e. a coherent mass which can still be compacted to such an extent that it allows the detonator to be extended directly into the mixture, or a compacted powder with a defined cavity for receiving the detonator.
  • the detonator is configured to initiate deflagration of the mixture at a current of at least ten Ampère, preferably at least twenty Ampère.
  • the Meta-pyro pyrotechnical igniter mentioned in WO 2011/096872 has a firing current of max 2,12 A, see http://www.meta-pyro.cz/en/technical-specifications .
  • the detonator is enclosed or encapsulated by a synthetic material, such as a thermoplastic polymer.
  • the casing is made of or laminated with a synthetic material.
  • the casing is water- and/or dust tight.
  • the casing is enveloped by a thermally insulating material and/or a liquid absorbing material.
  • the cartridge is for, e.g. a few minutes, protected from heat and/or cooled by a coolant, such as water soaking the liquid absorbing material.
  • a coolant such as water soaking the liquid absorbing material.
  • system comprises a plurality of compartments and wherein the compartments contain different components of the pyrotechnical mixture.
  • the nett mass (NEM) of the mixture is in a range from 20 to 1000 grams, preferably in a range from 20 to 500 grams.
  • the nett mass of the mixture and the dimensions and shape of the cartridge determine to some extend the speed of the deflagration and the size and shape of the shock wave. E.g. a smaller nett mass will typically result in a higher deflagration speed and a shock wave of relatively small dimensions, providing a fierce and localized blow.
  • the mixture is in accordance with class P2 of directive 2007/23/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 May 2007 on the placing on the market of pyrotechnic articles.
  • the mixture may for example comprise a reducing agent or fuel, such as black powder, aluminum, boron, titanium and/or magnesium; and an oxidant such as sodium nitrate, potassium chlorate and/or potassium perchlorate.
  • a reducing agent or fuel such as black powder, aluminum, boron, titanium and/or magnesium
  • an oxidant such as sodium nitrate, potassium chlorate and/or potassium perchlorate.
  • Preferred examples of pyrotechnical mixtures include black powder, aluminum and potassium perchlorate.
  • the detonator is a wireless detonator configured to initiated deflagration upon receiving an encrypted radio signal.
  • the cartridge is coupled to a controller by a set of wires, which controller is configured to continually measure electrical resistance of the wires and the detonator.
  • the wires of the detonator are connected to the wires in the lance, the cartridge is primed and the cartridge is fixed in the head of the lance.
  • the coolant supply is turned on and the cartridge is inserted, by means of the lance, through an opening, such as a manhole, in an online installation and positioned adjacent a surface or element, such as a bundle of heat exchanger pipes, to be cleaned.
  • a spray or mist of coolant surrounds the cartridge to prevent it from untimely deflagration.
  • the detonator is activated and the mixture deflagrates, thus cleaning the adjacent surface or element.
  • EP 1 275 925 relates to a process and device for local destruction of compact material, e.g. clinker coating, masonry remains, etc., in hot thermal systems such as heat exchangers, industrial ovens, furnaces, and metallurgical melting vessels, which uses an explosive (numeral 5 in the Figures) arranged on the front end of a lance (3) in a cooling container (1) through which coolant (4) flows.
  • hot thermal systems such as heat exchangers, industrial ovens, furnaces, and metallurgical melting vessels
  • EP 1 067 349 relates to a device, system and method permitting online explosives-based cleaning and deslagging of a fuel burning facility (31) such as a boiler, furnace, incinerator, or scrubber.
  • a coolant such as ordinary water, is delivered to the explosives (101) to prevent them from detonating due to the heat of the online facility.
  • US 5,494,004 relates to an online pulsed detonation/deflagration soot blower.
  • FR 2 445 186 relates to a system that removes deposits in apparatus and piping in a chemical installation, metered quantities of explosive being inserted and fired.
  • the explosive is inserted in the deposited material, typically by drilling holes in the material at right angles to the plane tangential to the bottom of the vessel concerned, into which the charges are inserted.
  • Liquid-filled pipes temporarily closed at the top end, can be mounted along the vessel casing before setting to work. When the deposit has reached a predetermined thickness these pipes are filled with explosive and liquid and the charges are fired.
  • FR 2 971 583 relates to a method for triggering at least one detonator provided in the inner space of a plant for the destroying explosive waste from a power source located outside said plant by means of an explosion.
  • the method comprises the following steps: coupling the explosive waste to pyrotechnic elements (5, 6) including at least one electrical detonator (6), the minimum operating voltage of which is no lower than 200 V; electrically connecting the detonator (6) to a power supply circuit of said plant, the detonator (6) being coupled to a grounding member (10) contacting said wall with a resistance of no lower than 50 kOhms; electrically connecting said power supply circuit to a circuit for distributing electric pulses provided by the energy source (11, 13); and said energy source (11, 13) generating an electric ignition signal in the form of electric pulses having a strength of at least 5 A in order to initiate the explosion.
  • US 4,920,852 relates to a system for forming an explosive and more particularly to a system that is portable, self-contained and is capable of mixing essentially non-explosive ingredients from separate containers or separate compartments within a container to form an explosive.
  • the system is particularly adaptable for military or tactical applications.
  • FIG 1 shows a cartridge 1 for on- or offline cleaning installations, such as incinerators, heat exchangers, flue gas channels, and silos.
  • the cartridge comprises a casing, in this example, a cylindrical sleeve 2 closed at one end and open at the other end, a detonator 3 that is accommodated in a housing 4, which housing in turn is mounted in the open end of the sleeve, such that it is movable between a first (safe) position, shown in cross-section in Figure 2 , wherein the detonator is isolated from the pyrotechnical mixture 5 inside the sleeve, and a second (primed) position, shown in cross-section in Figure 3 , wherein the detonator extends directly in the pyrotechnical mixture.
  • a first (safe) position shown in cross-section in Figure 2
  • a second (primed) position shown in cross-section in Figure 3 , wherein the detonator extends directly in the pyrotechnical mixture.
  • the open end of the sleeve 2 is provided with an internal groove 6, in this this example an internal screw thread that defined in an insert 7, shown in more detail in Figures 5A and 5B , that is fixed, e.g. clamped, welded, or glued, in the open end of the sleeve.
  • the housing 4 accommodating the detonator 3 has a first section 4A, that has the same cylindrical shape and the same diameter as the sleeve 2 and from which section the wires 8 of the detonator 3 extend, and a second section 4B that carries at least one protrusion, e.g. two projections 9, or an external screw thread.
  • the (distal) end of the second section 4B contains the actual detonator 3 and comprises a plurality of openings 10 and a disc-shaped front wall 11 having a diameter that is equal to the internal diameter on the insert 7.
  • the detonator 3 when the housing 4 is in the first (safe) position, the detonator 3 is in a closed chamber defined by the inner wall of the insert 7 and the front wall 11 of the housing 4 and, when the housing 4 has been moved to the second (primed) position, the detonator 3 is, via the openings, in direct contact with the pyrotechnical mixture 5 or at least communicates directly with the cavity in the sleeve 2 containing the mixture 5.
  • the angle between the safe and primed positions of the housing and the detonator is defined by the pitch, P, of the internal screw thread and the distance, D, between the (proximal) end of the sleeve and the (distal) end of the first section 4A of the housing 4.
  • the pitch, P, of the internal thread is twice the distance, D, the housing must be turned over an angle of 180 degrees to prime that cartridge and lock, by friction, the housing and the detonator with respect to the sleeve.
  • a blocking mechanism such as a ring (not shown) that can be torn off e.g. by breaking it, is placed in the space provided by the distance, D, to prevent inadvertent priming.
  • the casing, housing, and insert were made from an thermoplastic material. Suitable manufacturing methods include injection moulding, extrusion, and 3D printing.
  • the cartridge of the present invention can be primed at the work, e.g. some moments prior to its use, efficiently and by a straightforward act.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Système de nettoyage d'installations, telles que des incinérateurs, des échangeurs de chaleur, des conduites de gaz de combustion, et des silos, comprenant une cartouche (1) comprenant un boîtier (2) contenant un mélange pyrotechnique (5) et/ou des composants d'un mélange pyrotechnique, un détonateur électrique (3) pour initier la déflagration du mélange, lequel détonateur (3) est configuré pour initier une déflagration à un courant d'au moins cinq Ampères, et une lance, qui est pourvue à son extrémité proximale d'une alimentation pour un liquide de refroidissement et d'un connecteur et/ou de fils électriques pour connecter le détonateur à un dispositif de commande et qui est pourvue à son extrémité distale d'une tête pour maintenir la cartouche et pourvue de sorties ou de conduits pour fournir un liquide de refroidissement à ou autour de la cartouche (1).
  2. Système selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la cartouche (1) comprend un logement (4) qui loge le détonateur (3) et lequel logement (4) est fixé au boîtier (3) et mobile entre une première position, dans laquelle le détonateur (3) est isolé du mélange pyrotechnique (5), et une seconde position, dans laquelle le détonateur (3) s'étend dans le mélange pyrotechnique (5).
  3. Système selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel le logement (4) ou le détonateur (3) d'une part et le boîtier (2) d'autre part comprennent des pièces d'accouplement (9 ; 6) qui permettent le déplacement du détonateur (3) vers l'intérieur du mélange (5) par coulissement et/ou rotation relative du détonateur (3) et du boîtier (2).
  4. Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le logement (4) ou le détonateur (2) comprend d'une part au moins une saillie (9) ou une rainure et le boîtier (2) comprend d'autre part une rainure (6) ou saillie, respectivement.
  5. Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le détonateur (3) est situé au niveau ou à proximité de l'extrémité distale du logement (4) et exposé au moins latéralement.
  6. Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le mélange (5) est une poudre en suspension, une poudre compactable, ou une poudre compactée ayant une cavité définie pour recevoir le détonateur (3).
  7. Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le détonateur (3) est configuré pour initier une déflagration à un courant d'au moins dix Ampères, de préférence d'au moins vingt Ampères.
  8. Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel, dans la première position du logement (4), le détonateur (3) est enfermé ou encapsulé par un matériau synthétique, tel qu'un polymère thermoplastique.
  9. Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le boîtier (2) et/ou le logement (4) est fabriqué ou stratifié avec un matériau synthétique.
  10. Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le boîtier (2) est étanche à l'eau et/ou à la poussière.
  11. Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le boîtier (2) est enveloppé par un matériau thermiquement isolant et/ou un matériau absorbant les liquides.
  12. Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant une pluralité de compartiments et dans lequel les compartiments contiennent différents composants du mélange pyrotechnique (5).
  13. Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la masse nette (NEM) du mélange est dans une plage allant de 20 à 1 000 grammes.
  14. Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le mélange (5) comprend un agent ou combustible réducteur, tel que de la poudre noire, de l'aluminium, du bore, du titane et/ou du magnésium ; et un oxydant tel que le nitrate de sodium, le chlorate de potassium et/ou le perchlorate de potassium.
  15. Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, qui est couplé à un dispositif de commande par un ensemble de fils (8), lequel dispositif de commande est configuré pour mesurer en continu la résistance électrique des fils (8) et du détonateur (3).
EP19187636.6A 2019-07-22 2019-07-22 Dispositif et procédé pour nettoyer des installations Active EP3770545B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19187636.6A EP3770545B1 (fr) 2019-07-22 2019-07-22 Dispositif et procédé pour nettoyer des installations
AU2020318762A AU2020318762A1 (en) 2019-07-22 2020-07-22 Device for and method of cleaning installations
PCT/EP2020/070728 WO2021013905A2 (fr) 2019-07-22 2020-07-22 Dispositif et procédé de nettoyage d'installations
EP20746599.8A EP4004484A2 (fr) 2019-07-22 2020-07-22 Dispositif et procédé de nettoyage d'installations
JP2022504018A JP2022541598A (ja) 2019-07-22 2020-07-22 設備を清掃する為のデバイス及び設備を清掃する方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19187636.6A EP3770545B1 (fr) 2019-07-22 2019-07-22 Dispositif et procédé pour nettoyer des installations

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3770545A1 EP3770545A1 (fr) 2021-01-27
EP3770545B1 true EP3770545B1 (fr) 2024-05-22

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EP19187636.6A Active EP3770545B1 (fr) 2019-07-22 2019-07-22 Dispositif et procédé pour nettoyer des installations
EP20746599.8A Pending EP4004484A2 (fr) 2019-07-22 2020-07-22 Dispositif et procédé de nettoyage d'installations

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EP20746599.8A Pending EP4004484A2 (fr) 2019-07-22 2020-07-22 Dispositif et procédé de nettoyage d'installations

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EP (2) EP3770545B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2022541598A (fr)
AU (1) AU2020318762A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021013905A2 (fr)

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TWI751919B (zh) * 2021-02-26 2022-01-01 印能科技股份有限公司 接觸式電軌高架搬運車（ｏｈｔ）集塵系統

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Publication number Publication date
JP2022541598A (ja) 2022-09-26
WO2021013905A3 (fr) 2021-03-04
WO2021013905A2 (fr) 2021-01-28
EP4004484A2 (fr) 2022-06-01
AU2020318762A1 (en) 2022-02-17
EP3770545A1 (fr) 2021-01-27

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