EP3768906B1 - Wooden module - Google Patents

Wooden module Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3768906B1
EP3768906B1 EP19716284.5A EP19716284A EP3768906B1 EP 3768906 B1 EP3768906 B1 EP 3768906B1 EP 19716284 A EP19716284 A EP 19716284A EP 3768906 B1 EP3768906 B1 EP 3768906B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
timber
pieces
transverse
width
length
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19716284.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3768906A1 (en
Inventor
Werner Grosse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3768906A1 publication Critical patent/EP3768906A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3768906B1 publication Critical patent/EP3768906B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E04B2/06—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/08—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/28—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid
    • E04B2/30—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid using elements having specially designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
    • E04B2/32—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid using elements having specially designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E04B2/12—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having a general shape differing from that of a parallelepiped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/08—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units assembled of block-shaped elements, e.g. hollow stones
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/39—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0206—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of rectangular shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0215—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions
    • E04B2002/0217—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions of prismatic shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
    • E04B2002/0245—Pegs or pins

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wooden building block.
  • the invention also relates to a wall system with at least five such interconnected wooden building blocks.
  • wood is ecologically CO 2 neutral and, compared to concrete, for example, for which limestone must first be mined, ground and burned, saves energy and resources and is also cost-effective.
  • Another advantage of wooden constructions is that they are relatively easy to recycle.
  • DE 10 2015 122919 discloses a wooden building block comprising interconnected longitudinal and transverse timbers.
  • a disadvantage of the wooden constructions previously known from the prior art is their low flexibility, insofar as wood is used for prefabricated houses, for example. In this case, subsequent changes to the plan cannot be implemented, or only with great difficulty.
  • attention must always be paid to the grain of the wood since, for example, the tendency of wood to shrink orthogonally to the grain is significantly greater than parallel to the grain, which often leads to cracks in conventional wooden constructions.
  • wood also has anisotropic compressive and tensile properties and wear resistance that depends on the fiber flow. A high level of wear resistance is therefore achieved, for example, with end grain wood floors in which the individual wood fibers are arranged orthogonally to the load-bearing surface.
  • the present invention deals with the problem of avoiding the disadvantages of wooden structures known from the prior art.
  • the present invention is based on the general idea of specifying a wooden building block that is not only made entirely of wood, but can also be connected to other wooden building blocks in the manner of a Lego brick in a comparatively simple manner and also has almost isotropic properties in terms of strength. Walls, pillars, girders, floors, supports, roofs and/or ceilings can then be built from such wooden building blocks in an extremely flexible manner, which means that subsequent changes to the plan can also be implemented comparatively easily.
  • the wooden building block according to the invention has four longitudinal pieces of wood with a square cross section, each with a width B 1 and a minimum length L 1 of 6B 1 , which are arranged parallel and spaced apart from one another in such a way that they span a square with a width B 2 of 3B 1 at the front . There is thus a parallel distance between two longitudinal timbers lying on one side of this square, which in turn corresponds to the width B 1 .
  • the wooden building block also has at least six cross-section square cross-pieces with a width B 1 and a length L 2 of 3B 1 .
  • at least two dowels with a square cross section and a width B 1 and a length L 3 of 2B 1 are provided.
  • both the longitudinal timbers and the transverse timbers and the dowels can be made from a common squared timber.
  • at least four crossbars are arranged upright and at least two crossbars are arranged horizontally, with the crossbars over the length L 1 of the longitudinal bars between them as follows are arranged standing, lying, standing, standing, lying and standing. This would therefore apply to a wooden building block with an exact length L 1 of 6B 1 .
  • longer wooden building blocks can also be produced without any problems, as long as longer lengthwise wood and more crosswise wood or dowels are used.
  • the at least two dowels are arranged standing parallel to each other and to the vertical crossbars on the at least two horizontal crossbars and protrude from a side surface of the wooden block, similar to a Lego block, with the two dowels opposite, i.e. on the opposite side of the at least two horizontal ones Crossbars, recesses are provided, in which two dowels of another wooden building block can be accommodated.
  • the wooden building block according to the invention can be put together in a similar way to Lego building blocks to form pillar, wall and ceiling constructions.
  • the individual longitudinal beams, transverse beams and dowels of the wooden building block are connected to one another exclusively via connecting dowels made of wood, so that no further fasteners such as screws, nails or glue are required.
  • the wooden building block according to the invention is therefore not a hybrid building block, but a building block made exclusively of wood.
  • Another great advantage of the wooden building block according to the invention is that it can not only be made from standard squared timber, but also overcomes the inherently anisotropic properties of wood, since the grain of the longitudinal timber is transverse to the grain of the transverse timber and the dowel and the standing transverse timber as well as the dowels are aligned transversely to the grain of the lengthwise and crosswise timbers.
  • direction-dependent properties such as a tendency to shrink, tensile strength and compressive strength, can be designed to be the same in all directions.
  • the dowel connection between the individual lengthwise timbers, transverse timbers and dowels can also achieve a firm connection of these individual components and thereby achieve the isotropic, i.e non-directional properties are supported. It is also of particular advantage that the wooden building block according to the invention can be designed in different lengths, ie with a different number of crosspieces and dowels, so that, for example, lintels with correspondingly long wooden pieces can be represented without any problems. With the simple, Lego-like connection of the individual wooden building blocks, it is also possible to implement subsequent changes to the plan comparatively easily, since the individual wooden building blocks then only have to be arranged differently.
  • the assembly of a wall construction from the individual wooden building blocks is also comparatively simple, since only a rubber mallet, for example, is required for connection. Additional tools are not required.
  • rigid corners can also be realized by simple plug connections.
  • the production of the bores for the connecting dowels can be designed in a fully automated manner according to a predefined grid which is based on the width B 1 .
  • the bores for the individual connecting dowels penetrate the respective longitudinal wood, the respective transverse wood and the dowels orthogonally and intersect, whereby a continuous dowel connection with correspondingly long connecting dowels of, for example, two parallel longitudinal woods via a transverse wood arranged in between or a dowel arranged in between is possible .
  • Transporting the wooden blocks to the construction site is also much easier compared to wall elements made of wood, since the wooden blocks can simply be delivered to the construction site on pallets and installed there according to the plans. Special trucks and powerful cranes are not required, which significantly simplifies construction.
  • two filler pieces with a square cross-section and a width B 1 and a length L 3 of 2B 1 are provided, which are arranged parallel to the longitudinal timbers between two adjacent transverse timbers.
  • Such filler pieces can be used to create a completely flat wall surface, which can later be covered with insulation, for example, or with plasterboard in the interior design.
  • the minimum length L 1 is approximately 48 cm or a multiple thereof.
  • a length L 1 of 48 cm a hollow building block according to the invention with four longitudinal timbers, six transverse timbers and two dowels can thus be created.
  • a length L 1 of 96 cm or even longer is also conceivable, so that a door lintel, for example, but also ceiling constructions, support constructions, floors or roofs with a corresponding span width can be realized without any problems with such a wooden building block.
  • the wooden building block has four longitudinal pieces of wood with a square cross-section, each with a width B 1 and a length L 0 of 3B 1 , which are arranged parallel and spaced apart from one another in such a way that they form a square with a width B 2 of 3B 1 open.
  • Two of the crossbars are arranged vertically and one crossbar is arranged horizontally, the crossbars being arranged between them over the length L 0 of the longitudinal bars as follows: standing, lying, standing.
  • the single dowel is arranged upright and parallel to the vertical crossbars on the horizontal crossbar and protrudes from a side surface of the wooden block, with a recess arranged between the two longitudinal bars being provided on the opposite side of the horizontal crossbar to accommodate an adjacent dowel.
  • the lengthwise timbers, the transverse timbers and the dowels are connected to one another via connecting dowels made of wood.
  • the width B 1 of the squared timber to be used for the wooden building block is expediently about 8 cm. 8 cm squared timbers are commercially available and inexpensive to produce, especially if they are made from softwood or small wood, for example.
  • the at least one dowel is rounded off at its end protruding from the side surface of the wooden building block or has chamfers.
  • a rounding makes it easier to assemble a wall or ceiling construction from such wooden building blocks.
  • the dowel can also only have corresponding chamfers on its end protruding from the side surface, which also allow the wooden building blocks to be plugged together more easily.
  • the connecting dowels are made of hardwood.
  • a particularly strong and durable connection of the components of the wooden block, that is, the lengthwise timbers, the transverse timbers and the dowels can be achieved, with the formation of the connecting dowel made of hardwood also the offers the great advantage that, due to their greater strength, they can be driven more easily into the associated holes on the lengthwise beams, the cross beams and the dowels.
  • Such a connecting dowel can, for example, have a diameter of 16 mm, the diameter of the connecting dowel to be used obviously being dependent on the width B 1 of the squared timber used for the lengthwise timbers, the transverse timbers and the dowels.
  • a wooden building block 1 according to the invention has four longitudinal pieces of wood 2 with a square cross section and a width B 1 , which are arranged parallel and spaced apart from one another in such a way that they span a square with a width B 2 of 3B 1 at the front.
  • Wood block 1 shown has two dowels 4 with a square cross section and a width B 1 and a length L 3 of 2B 1 .
  • Four of the crossbars 3 are arranged upright and denoted by the reference numeral 3a, while two crossbars 3 are lying are arranged and provided with the reference numeral 3b.
  • the crossbars 3, 3a and 3b are arranged over the length L 1 of the longitudinal bars 2 between them as follows: standing, lying, standing, standing, lying and standing.
  • the two dowels 4 are arranged upright and parallel to each other and parallel to the upright crossbars 3a on the at least two horizontal crossbars 3b and protrude from a side surface of the wooden building block 1 .
  • a recess 5 for receiving a dowel 4 of an adjacent wooden building block 1 is arranged in the region of the opposite dowel 4 .
  • the longitudinal members 2, the transverse members 3, 3a, 3b and the dowels 4 are pinned together via connecting dowels 6 and are thereby held firmly together. Other fasteners such as screws, nails or glue are not used.
  • the wooden building block 1 has four longitudinal timbers 2 with a square cross section, each with a width B 1 and a length L 0 of 3B 1 , the longitudinal timbers 2 being arranged parallel and spaced apart from one another in such a way that they also form a square with a width B 2 of 3B 1 open.
  • the length L 0 of the longitudinal bars 2 corresponds to the length L 2 of the transverse bars 3 and the width B 2 of the spanned frontal or lateral square.
  • Two crossbars 3a are arranged upright, while a crossbar 3b is arranged horizontally.
  • the crossbars 3, 3a, 3b are arranged over the length L 0 of the longitudinal bars 2 between them as follows: standing, lying, standing.
  • the dowel 4 in turn, is arranged upright and parallel to the standing crossbars 3a on the lying crossbar 3b and protrudes from a side surface of the wooden building block 1, with the longitudinal woods 2, the crossbars 3a, 3b, 3 and the dowel 4 also protruding in this case Connecting dowels 6 made of wood are connected to each other.
  • 6 holes 7 are introduced into the longitudinal beams 2, the transverse beams 3 and the dowels 4, with a predetermined grid spacing, which usually corresponds to the width B1 .
  • the width B 1 can be 8 cm, for example, whereby the wooden building block 1 according to the invention, regardless of its size, always applies that this is due to the dowels 4 arranged orthogonally to the horizontal crossbeams 3b and the longitudinal timbers 2 and the vertical transverse timbers arranged orthogonally to the longitudinal timbers 2 3a has isotropic properties, that is, direction-independent properties, in particular with regard to shrinkage and compressive and tensile strength. This is of immense advantage in particular in the case of wooden building blocks 1, since these have a greater tendency to shrink transversely to a wood fiber direction and a significantly lower tensile strength than along the respective wood fiber direction.
  • the connecting dowels 6 are usually made of hardwood, so that a particularly strong connection of the individual components, ie the lengthwise timbers 2, the transverse timbers 3 and the dowels 4, can be achieved.
  • the longitudinal beams 2, the cross beams 3, 3a and 3b and/or the dowels 4 as well as filler pieces 10 with a square cross section can be made of coniferous wood or small wood and can therefore be produced inexpensively.
  • the holes 7 to be provided for the connecting dowels 6 are introduced crosswise, that is to say crossing one another, in the previously defined grid spacing in the lengthwise timbers 2, the transversal timbers 3 and the dowels 4 or the filler pieces 10. This can be done with automated drilling operations. By using small wood or softwood for the squared timber for the longitudinal beams 2, the crossbeams 3 and the dowels 4 or the filler pieces 10, these can be produced particularly inexpensively.
  • Wall systems 11 and ceiling systems 12 made from individual wooden building blocks 1 are shown, with wooden building blocks 1 having a greater length L 1 being used in particular for the ceiling systems 12 in order to be able to achieve a larger span.
  • the wooden building blocks 1, which are longer in terms of their length L 1 can also be used as lintels without any problems.
  • the side surfaces of the wooden building block 1 can be made flat using the filler pieces 10 .
  • carrier systems, pillar systems, floors, supports or roof systems can also be manufactured.
  • wooden building blocks 1 according to the invention With the wooden building blocks 1 according to the invention, a comparatively simple, resource-saving and ecological construction can also be achieved over several floors, with only a hammer or rubber mallet being required for assembly. Due to the omission of conventional connecting means, such as screws, glue or nails, improved recyclability of the wooden building blocks 1 according to the invention can also be achieved. Another advantage of wooden building blocks is their non-destructive recyclability, which means they can be reused for new constructions. An extremely high degree of flexibility should also be particularly emphasized, so that subsequent plan changes can be made comparatively easily and flexibly with the wooden building block 1 according to the invention, which was previously not possible with prefabricated components prefabricated in halls.
  • the orthogonal arrangement of the longitudinal timbers 2, the transverse timbers 3a, 3b and the dowels 4 makes it possible in particular to achieve isotropic shrinkage properties as well as tensile and compressive strengths, which was previously not possible with timbers processed unidirectionally. Delivery of the wooden building blocks 1 to a construction site is also conceivable without a larger crane truck, that is to say simply in the form of pallets.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Holzbaustein. Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem ein Wandsystem mit zumindest fünf solchen miteinander verbundenen Holzbausteinen.The present invention relates to a wooden building block. The invention also relates to a wall system with at least five such interconnected wooden building blocks.

Einfaches, nachhaltiges, kostengünstiges zugleich ökologisches Bauen rückt in den letzten Jahren zunehmend in den Fokus von Bauingenieuren und Architekten. Ein hierfür eingesetzter und besonders bevorzugter Werkstoff ist Holz, da Holz ökologisch betrachtet CO2 neutral und im Vergleich zu beispielsweise Beton, für dessen Zement zunächst Kalkstein abgebaut, gemahlen und gebrannt werden muss, energie- und ressourcenschonend und darüber hinaus kostengünstig. Ein weiterer Vorteil von Holzbaukonstruktionen ist deren vergleichsweise einfache Recyclebarkeit.In recent years, civil engineers and architects have increasingly focused on simple, sustainable, cost-effective and ecological construction. A particularly preferred material used for this purpose is wood, since wood is ecologically CO 2 neutral and, compared to concrete, for example, for which limestone must first be mined, ground and burned, saves energy and resources and is also cost-effective. Another advantage of wooden constructions is that they are relatively easy to recycle.

DE 10 2015 122919 offenbart einen Holzbaustein, der miteinander verbundene Längs- und Querhölzer umfasst. Nachteilig an bislang aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Holzbaukonstruktionen ist unter Umständen deren geringe Flexibilität, sofern Holz beispielsweise für Fertigteilhäuser eingesetzt wird. In diesem Fall lassen sich nachträgliche Planänderungen nicht oder nur sehr schwierig umsetzen. Darüber hinaus muss bei gängigen Holzbaukonstruktionen stets auch auf den Faserverlauf des Holzes geachtet werden, da beispielsweise eine Schwindneigung von Holz orthogonal zum Faserverlauf deutlich größer ist als parallel zum Faserverlauf, was in herkömmlichen Holzkonstruktionen oftmals zu Rissen führt. Darüber hinaus besitzt Holz auch anisotrope Druck- und Zugeigenschaften sowie eine vom Faserverlauf abhängige Verschleißbeständigkeit. Eine hohe Verschleißbeständigkeit wird deshalb beispielsweise mit Stirnholzböden erreicht, bei welchen die einzelnen Holzfasern orthogonal zur Belastungsfläche angeordnet sind. DE 10 2015 122919 discloses a wooden building block comprising interconnected longitudinal and transverse timbers. A disadvantage of the wooden constructions previously known from the prior art is their low flexibility, insofar as wood is used for prefabricated houses, for example. In this case, subsequent changes to the plan cannot be implemented, or only with great difficulty. In addition, with common wooden constructions, attention must always be paid to the grain of the wood, since, for example, the tendency of wood to shrink orthogonally to the grain is significantly greater than parallel to the grain, which often leads to cracks in conventional wooden constructions. In addition, wood also has anisotropic compressive and tensile properties and wear resistance that depends on the fiber flow. A high level of wear resistance is therefore achieved, for example, with end grain wood floors in which the individual wood fibers are arranged orthogonally to the load-bearing surface.

Die vorliegende Erfindung beschäftigt sich mit dem Problem, die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Nachteile bei Holzkonstruktionen zu vermeiden.The present invention deals with the problem of avoiding the disadvantages of wooden structures known from the prior art.

Dieses Problem wird erfindungsgemäß durch den Gegenstand des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This problem is solved according to the invention by the subject matter of independent claim 1 . Advantageous embodiments are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

Die vorliegende Erfindung beruht auf dem allgemeinen Gedanken, einen Holzbaustein anzugeben, der nicht nur komplett aus Holz ausgebildet ist, sondern in der Art eines Legosteins auch vergleichsweise einfach mit anderen Holzbausteinen verbindbar ist und zudem nahezu isotrope Eigenschaften bezüglich Festigkeit aufweist. Aus derartigen Holzbausteinen können dann Wände, Pfeiler, Träger, Böden, Stützen, Dächer und/oder Decken gebaut werden, und zwar äußerst flexibel, wodurch auch nachträgliche Planänderungen vergleichsweise einfach umsetzbar sind. Der erfindungsgemäße Holzbaustein weist dabei vier im Querschnitt quadratische Längshölzer mit jeweils einer Breite B1 und einer minimalen Länge L1 von 6B1 auf, die parallel und derart zueinander beabstandet angeordnet sind, dass sie stirnseitig ein Quadrat mit einer Breite B2 von 3B1 aufspannen. Zwischen zwei an einer Seite dieses Quadrates liegenden Längshölzern ist somit ein Parallelabstand gegeben, der wiederum der Breite B1 entspricht. Der Holzbaustein weist darüber hinaus zumindest sechs im Querschnitt quadratische Querhölzer mit einer Breite B1 und einer Länge L2 von 3B1 auf. Darüber hinaus vorgesehen sind zumindest zwei im Querschnitt quadratische Dübel mit einer Breite B1 einer Länge L3 von 2B1. Bereits aus dieser Aufzählung kann man erkennen, dass sowohl die Längshölzer als auch die Querhölzer und die Dübel aus einem gemeinsamen Kantholz hergestellt werden können. In dem erfindungsgemäßen Holzbaustein sind zumindest vier Querhölzer stehend und zumindest zwei Querhölzer liegend angeordnet, wobei die Querhölzer über die Länge L1 der Längshölzer zwischen diesen wie folgt angeordnet sind, stehend, liegend, stehend, stehend, liegend und stehend. Dies beträfe somit einen Holzbaustein mit einer exakten Länge L1 von 6B1. Selbstverständlich sind auch längere Holzbausteine problemlos herstellbar, sofern längere Längshölzer und mehr Querhölzer bzw. Dübel eingesetzt werden. Die zumindest zwei Dübel sind stehend parallel zueinander und zu den stehenden Querhölzern auf den zumindest zwei liegenden Querhölzern angeordnet und ragen aus einer Seitenfläche des Holzbausteins, ähnlich einem Legobaustein, heraus, wobei den beiden Dübeln gegenüberliegend, das heißt an der gegenüberliegenden Seite der zumindest zwei liegenden Querhölzer, Ausnehmungen vorgesehen sind, in welche zwei Dübel eines anderen Holzbausteins aufnehmbar sind. Der erfindungsgemäße Holzbaustein kann dabei ähnlich wie bei Legobausteinen zu Pfeiler-, Wand- und Deckenkonstruktionen zusammengesteckt werden. Die einzelnen Längshölzer, Querhölzer und Dübel des Holzbausteins sind dabei ausschließlich über Verbindungsdübel aus Holz miteinander verbunden, so dass keine weiteren Befestigungsmittel, wie beispielsweise Schrauben, Nägel oder Leim erforderlich sind. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Holzbaustein handelt es sich somit nicht um einen Hybridbaustein, sondern um einen ausschließlich aus Holz bestehenden Baustein. Von großem Vorteil bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Holzbaustein ist zudem, dass dieser nicht nur aus gängigen Kanthölzern gefertigt werden kann, sondern auch die an sich anisotropen Eigenschaften von Holz überwindet, da der Faserverlauf der Längshölzer quer zum Faserverlauf des Querhölzer und der Dübel und die stehenden Querhölzer sowie die Dübel quer zum Faserverlauf der Längshölzer und der liegenden Querhölzer ausgerichtet sind. Hierdurch können insbesondere richtungsabhängige Eigenschaften, wie beispielsweise eine Schwindneigung, Zug- und Druckfestigkeit in alle Richtungen gleich gestaltet werden. Durch die Dübelverbindung zwischen den einzelnen Längshölzern, Querhölzern und Dübeln kann zudem eine feste Verbindung dieser einzelnen Komponenten erreicht und dadurch das Erzielen der isotropen, das heißt richtungsunabhängigen Eigenschaften, unterstützt werden. Von besonderem Vorteil ist darüber hinaus, dass der erfindungsgemäße Holzbaustein in unterschiedlichen Längen, das heißt auch mit einer unterschiedlichen Anzahl an Querhölzern und Dübeln, gestaltet werden kann, so dass beispielsweise auch Türstürze mit entsprechend langen Langhölzern problemlos darstellbar sind. Durch das einfache, legoartige miteinander Verbinden der einzelnen Holzbausteine ist es zudem möglich, auch nachträgliche Planänderungen vergleichsweise einfach umzusetzen, da die einzelnen Holzbausteine dann lediglich anders angeordnet werden müssen. Die Montage einer Wandkonstruktion aus den einzelnen Holzbausteinen ist zudem vergleichsweise einfach, da hierfür lediglich beispielsweise ein Gummihammer zum Verbinden erforderlich ist. Weiteres Werkzeug ist nicht erforderlich. Zudem können mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Holzbaustein auch biegesteife Ecken durch einfache Steckverbindungen realisiert werden. Das Herstellen der Bohrungen für die Verbindungsdübel kann dabei vollautomatisiert entsprechend einem vordefinierten Raster, welches sich an der Breite B1 orientiert, gestaltet werden. Die Bohrungen für die einzelnen Verbindungsdübel durchdringen dabei das jeweilige Längsholz, das jeweilige Querholz und die Dübel orthogonal und kreuzen sich, wodurch auch eine durchgehende Dübelverbindung mit entsprechend langen Verbindungsdübeln von beispielsweise zwei parallelen Längshölzern über ein dazwischen angeordnetes Querholz bzw. einen dazwischen angeordneten Dübel möglich sind.The present invention is based on the general idea of specifying a wooden building block that is not only made entirely of wood, but can also be connected to other wooden building blocks in the manner of a Lego brick in a comparatively simple manner and also has almost isotropic properties in terms of strength. Walls, pillars, girders, floors, supports, roofs and/or ceilings can then be built from such wooden building blocks in an extremely flexible manner, which means that subsequent changes to the plan can also be implemented comparatively easily. The wooden building block according to the invention has four longitudinal pieces of wood with a square cross section, each with a width B 1 and a minimum length L 1 of 6B 1 , which are arranged parallel and spaced apart from one another in such a way that they span a square with a width B 2 of 3B 1 at the front . There is thus a parallel distance between two longitudinal timbers lying on one side of this square, which in turn corresponds to the width B 1 . The wooden building block also has at least six cross-section square cross-pieces with a width B 1 and a length L 2 of 3B 1 . In addition, at least two dowels with a square cross section and a width B 1 and a length L 3 of 2B 1 are provided. It can already be seen from this list that both the longitudinal timbers and the transverse timbers and the dowels can be made from a common squared timber. In the wooden building block according to the invention, at least four crossbars are arranged upright and at least two crossbars are arranged horizontally, with the crossbars over the length L 1 of the longitudinal bars between them as follows are arranged standing, lying, standing, standing, lying and standing. This would therefore apply to a wooden building block with an exact length L 1 of 6B 1 . Of course, longer wooden building blocks can also be produced without any problems, as long as longer lengthwise wood and more crosswise wood or dowels are used. The at least two dowels are arranged standing parallel to each other and to the vertical crossbars on the at least two horizontal crossbars and protrude from a side surface of the wooden block, similar to a Lego block, with the two dowels opposite, i.e. on the opposite side of the at least two horizontal ones Crossbars, recesses are provided, in which two dowels of another wooden building block can be accommodated. The wooden building block according to the invention can be put together in a similar way to Lego building blocks to form pillar, wall and ceiling constructions. The individual longitudinal beams, transverse beams and dowels of the wooden building block are connected to one another exclusively via connecting dowels made of wood, so that no further fasteners such as screws, nails or glue are required. The wooden building block according to the invention is therefore not a hybrid building block, but a building block made exclusively of wood. Another great advantage of the wooden building block according to the invention is that it can not only be made from standard squared timber, but also overcomes the inherently anisotropic properties of wood, since the grain of the longitudinal timber is transverse to the grain of the transverse timber and the dowel and the standing transverse timber as well as the dowels are aligned transversely to the grain of the lengthwise and crosswise timbers. In this way, in particular, direction-dependent properties, such as a tendency to shrink, tensile strength and compressive strength, can be designed to be the same in all directions. The dowel connection between the individual lengthwise timbers, transverse timbers and dowels can also achieve a firm connection of these individual components and thereby achieve the isotropic, i.e non-directional properties are supported. It is also of particular advantage that the wooden building block according to the invention can be designed in different lengths, ie with a different number of crosspieces and dowels, so that, for example, lintels with correspondingly long wooden pieces can be represented without any problems. With the simple, Lego-like connection of the individual wooden building blocks, it is also possible to implement subsequent changes to the plan comparatively easily, since the individual wooden building blocks then only have to be arranged differently. The assembly of a wall construction from the individual wooden building blocks is also comparatively simple, since only a rubber mallet, for example, is required for connection. Additional tools are not required. In addition, with the wooden building block according to the invention, rigid corners can also be realized by simple plug connections. The production of the bores for the connecting dowels can be designed in a fully automated manner according to a predefined grid which is based on the width B 1 . The bores for the individual connecting dowels penetrate the respective longitudinal wood, the respective transverse wood and the dowels orthogonally and intersect, whereby a continuous dowel connection with correspondingly long connecting dowels of, for example, two parallel longitudinal woods via a transverse wood arranged in between or a dowel arranged in between is possible .

Auch der Transport der Holzbausteine auf die Baustelle gestaltet sich im Vergleich zu aus Holz gefertigten Wandelementen deutlich einfacher, da die Holzbausteine einfach palettenweise auf die Baustelle angeliefert und dort entsprechend den Plänen verbaut werden können. Spezial-Lastkraftwagen sowie leistungsstarke Kräne sind nicht erforderlich, wodurch der Bau deutlich vereinfacht wird.Transporting the wooden blocks to the construction site is also much easier compared to wall elements made of wood, since the wooden blocks can simply be delivered to the construction site on pallets and installed there according to the plans. Special trucks and powerful cranes are not required, which significantly simplifies construction.

Bei einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung sind zwei im Querschnitt quadratische Füllstücke mit einer Breite B1 und einer Länge L3 von 2B1 vorgesehen, die parallel zu den Längshölzern zwischen zwei benachbart liegenden Querhölzern angeordnet sind. Über derartige Füllstücke lässt sich eine komplett ebene Wandoberfläche erzeugen, die im späteren Bauablauf beispielsweise mit einer Dämmung oder im Innenausbau mit Gipskartonplatten belegt werden kann.In an advantageous further development of the solution according to the invention, two filler pieces with a square cross-section and a width B 1 and a length L 3 of 2B 1 are provided, which are arranged parallel to the longitudinal timbers between two adjacent transverse timbers. Such filler pieces can be used to create a completely flat wall surface, which can later be covered with insulation, for example, or with plasterboard in the interior design.

Bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung beträgt die minimale Länge L1 ca. 48 cm oder ein Mehrfaches davon. Mit einer Länge L1 von 48 cm kann somit ein erfindungsgemäßer Hohlbaustein mit vier Längshölzern, sechs Querhölzern und zwei Dübeln geschaffen werden. Selbstverständlich ist auch eine Länge L1 von 96 cm oder noch länger denkbar, so dass mit einem derartigen Holzbaustein beispielsweise ein Türsturz, aber auch Deckenkonstruktionen, Trägerkonstruktionen, Böden oder Dächer mit einer entsprechenden Spannweiten problemlos realisierbar sind.In a further advantageous embodiment of the solution according to the invention, the minimum length L 1 is approximately 48 cm or a multiple thereof. With a length L 1 of 48 cm, a hollow building block according to the invention with four longitudinal timbers, six transverse timbers and two dowels can thus be created. Of course, a length L 1 of 96 cm or even longer is also conceivable, so that a door lintel, for example, but also ceiling constructions, support constructions, floors or roofs with a corresponding span width can be realized without any problems with such a wooden building block.

Bei einer alternativen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Holzbausteins weist dieser vier im Querschnitt quadratische Längshölzer mit einer jeweiligen Breite B1 und einer Länge L0 von 3B1 auf, die parallel und derart zueinander beabstandet angeordnet sind, dass sie stirnseitig ein Quadrat mit einer Breite B2 von 3B1 aufspannen. Bei diesem deutlich kürzeren Holzbaustein sind zudem drei im Querschnitt quadratische Querhölzer mit einer Breite B1 und einer Länge L2 von 3B1 vorgesehen, ebenso wie ein im Querschnitt quadratischer Dübel mit einer Breite B1 und einer Länge L3 = 2B1. Zwei der Querhölzer sind dabei stehend und ein Querholz liegend angeordnet, wobei die Querhölzer über die Länge L0 der Längshölzer zwischen diesen wie folgt angeordnet sind, stehend, liegend, stehend. Der bei dieser Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Holzbausteins einzige Dübel ist stehend und parallel zu den stehenden Querhölzern auf dem liegenden Querholz angeordnet und ragt aus einer Seitenfläche des Holzbausteins heraus, wobei auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des liegenden Querholzes eine zwischen den beiden Längshölzern angeordnete Ausnehmung zur Aufnahme eines benachbarten Dübels vorgesehen ist. Auch bei diesem Holzbaustein sind die Längshölzer, die Querhölzer und der Dübel über Verbindungsdübel aus Holz miteinander verbunden. Die zuvor beschriebenen Eigenschaften bezüglich Isotropie, Ressourcenschonung, einfacher Verbindungstechnik, Flexibilität, etc. sind dabei selbstverständlich auch auf diese alternative Ausführungsform des Holzbausteins analog übertragbar. Zweckmäßig beträgt die Breite B1 des für den Holzbaustein zu verwendenden Kantholzes ca. 8 cm. 8 cm Kanthölzer sind dabei handelsüblich und kostengünstig herzustellen, insbesondere sofern diese beispielsweise aus Nadelholz oder aus Schwachholz hergestellt werden.In an alternative embodiment of the wooden building block according to the invention, it has four longitudinal pieces of wood with a square cross-section, each with a width B 1 and a length L 0 of 3B 1 , which are arranged parallel and spaced apart from one another in such a way that they form a square with a width B 2 of 3B 1 open. This significantly shorter wooden building block also has three cross-section square crosspieces with a width B 1 and a length L 2 of 3B 1 , as well as a square cross-section dowel with a width B 1 and a length L 3 = 2B 1 . Two of the crossbars are arranged vertically and one crossbar is arranged horizontally, the crossbars being arranged between them over the length L 0 of the longitudinal bars as follows: standing, lying, standing. In this variant of the wooden building block according to the invention The single dowel is arranged upright and parallel to the vertical crossbars on the horizontal crossbar and protrudes from a side surface of the wooden block, with a recess arranged between the two longitudinal bars being provided on the opposite side of the horizontal crossbar to accommodate an adjacent dowel. With this wooden building block, too, the lengthwise timbers, the transverse timbers and the dowels are connected to one another via connecting dowels made of wood. The properties described above with regard to isotropy, conservation of resources, simple connection technology, flexibility, etc. can of course also be transferred analogously to this alternative embodiment of the wooden building block. The width B 1 of the squared timber to be used for the wooden building block is expediently about 8 cm. 8 cm squared timbers are commercially available and inexpensive to produce, especially if they are made from softwood or small wood, for example.

Bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung ist der zumindest eine Dübel an seinem aus der Seitenfläche des Holzbausteins herausragenden Ende abgerundet oder weist Fasen auf. Eine derartige Abrundung erleichtert einen Zusammenbau einer Wand- bzw. Deckenkonstruktion aus derartigen Holzbausteinen. Selbstverständlich kann der Dübel auch nur entsprechende Fasen an seinem aus der Seitenfläche herausragenden Ende aufweisen, die ebenfalls ein vereinfachtes Zusammenstecken der Holzbausteine ermöglichen.In a further advantageous embodiment of the solution according to the invention, the at least one dowel is rounded off at its end protruding from the side surface of the wooden building block or has chamfers. Such a rounding makes it easier to assemble a wall or ceiling construction from such wooden building blocks. Of course, the dowel can also only have corresponding chamfers on its end protruding from the side surface, which also allow the wooden building blocks to be plugged together more easily.

Bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung sind die Verbindungsdübel aus Hartholz ausgebildet. Hierdurch kann eine besonders feste und dauerhafte Verbindung der Komponenten des Holzbausteins, das heißt der Längshölzer, der Querhölzer und der Dübel erreicht werden, wobei eine Ausbildung der Verbindungsdübel aus Hartholz zudem den großen Vorteil bietet, dass diese aufgrund ihrer höheren Festigkeit einfacher in zugehörige Bohrungen an den Längshölzern, den Querhölzern und den Dübel einschlagbar sind. Ein derartiger Verbindungsdübel kann beispielsweise einen Durchmesser von 16 mm aufweisen, wobei selbstverständlich ein Durchmesser der zu verwendenden Verbindungsdübel abhängig von der Breite B1 des jeweils für die Längshölzer, die Querhölzer und die Dübel verwendeten Kantholzes abhängig ist.In a further advantageous embodiment of the solution according to the invention, the connecting dowels are made of hardwood. As a result, a particularly strong and durable connection of the components of the wooden block, that is, the lengthwise timbers, the transverse timbers and the dowels can be achieved, with the formation of the connecting dowel made of hardwood also the offers the great advantage that, due to their greater strength, they can be driven more easily into the associated holes on the lengthwise beams, the cross beams and the dowels. Such a connecting dowel can, for example, have a diameter of 16 mm, the diameter of the connecting dowel to be used obviously being dependent on the width B 1 of the squared timber used for the lengthwise timbers, the transverse timbers and the dowels.

Selbstverständlich ist auch denkbar, dass Standardkanthölzern (10 × 10 cm) für die Holzbausteine verwendet werden und die Dübel einen Dübeldurchmesser von ca. 20 mm aufweisen. Diese Maße sind sowohl statisch-konstruktiv wie auch aus Effizienzgründen besonders bevorzugt.Of course, it is also conceivable that standard squared timber (10×10 cm) is used for the wooden building blocks and the dowels have a dowel diameter of approx. 20 mm. These dimensions are particularly preferred for reasons of static construction as well as for reasons of efficiency.

Weitere wichtige Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, aus den Zeichnungen und aus der zugehörigen Figurenbeschreibung anhand der Zeichnungen.Further important features and advantages of the invention result from the dependent claims, from the drawings and from the associated description of the figures with reference to the drawings.

Es versteht sich, dass die vorstehend genannten und die nachstehend noch zu erläuternden Merkmale nicht nur in der jeweils angegebenen Kombination, sondern auch in anderen Kombinationen oder in Alleinstellung verwendbar sind, ohne den Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zu verlassen.It goes without saying that the features mentioned above and those still to be explained below can be used not only in the combination specified in each case, but also in other combinations or on their own, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und werden in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert, wobei sich gleiche Bezugszeichen auf gleiche oder ähnliche oder funktional gleiche Komponenten beziehen.Preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and are explained in more detail in the following description, with the same reference symbols referring to identical or similar or functionally identical components.

Dabei zeigen, jeweils schematisch

Fig. 1
eine Ansicht auf einen erfindungsgemäßen Holzbaustein gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform,
Fig. 2
eine Darstellung wie in Fig. 1, jedoch gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform,
Fig. 3
eine Darstellung wie in Fig. 2, jedoch bei einer längeren Ausführungsform,
Fig. 4
eine Darstellung wie in Fig. 1, jedoch bei einer kürzeren Ausführungsform,
Fig. 5
ein Wand- und Deckensystem, hergestellt aus den erfindungsgemäßen Holzbausteinen,
Fig. 6
eine aus den erfindungsgemäßen Holzbausteinen hergestellte biegesteife Ecke.
Show, each schematically
1
a view of a wooden block according to the invention according to a first embodiment,
2
a representation as in 1 , but according to a second embodiment,
3
a representation as in 2 , but in a longer embodiment,
4
a representation as in 1 , but in a shorter embodiment,
figure 5
a wall and ceiling system made from the wooden building blocks according to the invention,
6
a rigid corner made from the wooden building blocks according to the invention.

Entsprechend den Figuren 1 bis 6, weist ein erfindungsgemäßer Holzbaustein 1 vier im Querschnitt quadratische Längshölzer 2 mit einer Breite B1 auf, die parallel und derart zueinander beabstandet angeordnet sind, dass sie stirnseitig ein Quadrat mit einer Breite B2 von 3B1 aufspannen.According to the Figures 1 to 6 , a wooden building block 1 according to the invention has four longitudinal pieces of wood 2 with a square cross section and a width B 1 , which are arranged parallel and spaced apart from one another in such a way that they span a square with a width B 2 of 3B 1 at the front.

Gemäß der Figur 1 weist der dort abgebildete erfindungsgemäße Holzbaustein 1 sechs im Querschnitt ebenfalls quadratische Querhölzer 3 mit einer Breite B1 und einer Länge L2 = 3B1 auf. Ebenso weist der gemäß der Figur 1 dargestellte Holzbaustein 1 zwei im Querschnitt quadratische Dübel 4 mit einer Breite B1 und einer Länge L3 von 2B1 auf. Vier der Querhölzer 3 sind dabei stehend angeordnet und mit dem Bezugszeichen 3a bezeichnet, während zwei Querhölzer 3 liegend angeordnet und mit dem Bezugszeichen 3b versehen sind. Die Querhölzer 3, 3a und 3b sind dabei über die Länge L1 der Längshölzer 2 zwischen diesen wie folgt angeordnet, stehend, liegend, stehend, stehend, liegend und stehend. Die beiden Dübel 4 sind stehend und parallel zueinander sowie parallel zu den stehenden Querhölzern 3a auf den zumindest zwei liegenden Querhölzern 3b angeordnet und ragen aus einer Seitenfläche des Holzbausteins 1 heraus. Auf der Unterseite des Holzbausteins 1 (vergleiche insbesondere die Figur 5) ist im Bereich des gegenüberliegenden Dübels 4 eine Ausnehmung 5 zur Aufnahme eines Dübels 4 eines benachbarten Holzbausteins 1 angeordnet. Die Längshölzer 2, die Querhölzer 3, 3a, 3b und die Dübel 4 sind dabei über Verbindungsdübel 6 miteinander verstiftet und dadurch fest aneinander gehalten. Weitere Befestigungsmittel, wie beispielsweise Schrauben, Nägel oder Leim, werden nicht eingesetzt.According to the figure 1 the wooden building block 1 according to the invention shown there has six transverse timbers 3, which are also square in cross-section and have a width B 1 and a length L 2 =3B 1 . Likewise, according to the figure 1 Wood block 1 shown has two dowels 4 with a square cross section and a width B 1 and a length L 3 of 2B 1 . Four of the crossbars 3 are arranged upright and denoted by the reference numeral 3a, while two crossbars 3 are lying are arranged and provided with the reference numeral 3b. The crossbars 3, 3a and 3b are arranged over the length L 1 of the longitudinal bars 2 between them as follows: standing, lying, standing, standing, lying and standing. The two dowels 4 are arranged upright and parallel to each other and parallel to the upright crossbars 3a on the at least two horizontal crossbars 3b and protrude from a side surface of the wooden building block 1 . On the underside of the wooden building block 1 (compare in particular the figure 5 ) A recess 5 for receiving a dowel 4 of an adjacent wooden building block 1 is arranged in the region of the opposite dowel 4 . The longitudinal members 2, the transverse members 3, 3a, 3b and the dowels 4 are pinned together via connecting dowels 6 and are thereby held firmly together. Other fasteners such as screws, nails or glue are not used.

Betrachtet man den erfindungsgemäßen Holzbaustein 1 gemäß der Figur 2, so sind dessen Längshölzer 2 deutlich länger, weshalb insgesamt neun Querhölzer 3 angeordnet sind. Über die Länge L1 der Längshölzer 2 gemäß der Figur 2 sind dabei die Querhölzer 3 wie folgt angeordnet, stehend, liegend, stehend, stehend, liegend, stehend, stehend, liegend und stehend.Considering the wooden building block 1 according to the invention figure 2 , So its longitudinal beams 2 are significantly longer, which is why a total of nine transverse beams 3 are arranged. About the length L 1 of the longitudinal beams 2 according to the figure 2 are the crossbars 3 arranged as follows, standing, lying, standing, standing, lying, standing, standing, lying and standing.

Ein nochmals hinsichtlich seiner Länge L1 längerer Holzbaustein 1 ist gemäß der Figur 3 dargestellt.A again longer in terms of its length L 1 wooden block 1 is according to figure 3 shown.

Der in Figur 4 dargestellte erfindungsgemäße Holzbaustein 1 besitzt vier im Querschnitt quadratische Längshölzer 2 mit jeweils einer Breite B1 und einer Länge L0 von 3B1, wobei die Längshölzer 2 parallel und derart zueinander beabstandet angeordnet sind, dass sie stirnseitig ebenso ein Quadrat mit einer Breite B2 von 3B1 aufspannen. In diesem Spezialfall entspricht die Länge L0 der Längshölzer 2 der Länge L2 der Querhölzer 3 und der Breite B2 des aufgespannten stirnseitigen bzw. seitlichen Quadrats. Der gemäß der Figur 4 dargestellte Holzbaustein 1 besitzt drei im Querschnitt quadratische Querhölzer mit einer Breite B1 und einer Länge L2 = 3B1 sowie einen im Querschnitt quadratischen Dübel 4 mit einer Breite B1 und einer Länge L3 von 2B1. Zwei Querhölzer 3a sind dabei stehend angeordnet, während ein Querholz 3b liegend angeordnet ist. Die Querhölzer 3, 3a, 3b sind dabei über die Länge L0 der Längshölzer 2 zwischen diesen wie folgt angeordnet, stehend, liegend, stehend. Der Dübel 4 wiederum ist stehend und parallel zu den stehenden Querhölzern 3a auf dem liegenden Querholz 3b angeordnet und ragt aus einer Seitenfläche des Holzbausteins 1 heraus, wobei auch in diesem Fall die Längsholzer 2, die Querhölzer 3a, 3b, 3 und der Dübel 4 über Verbindungsdübel 6 aus Holz miteinander verbunden sind.the inside figure 4 The wooden building block 1 according to the invention shown has four longitudinal timbers 2 with a square cross section, each with a width B 1 and a length L 0 of 3B 1 , the longitudinal timbers 2 being arranged parallel and spaced apart from one another in such a way that they also form a square with a width B 2 of 3B 1 open. In this special case, the length L 0 of the longitudinal bars 2 corresponds to the length L 2 of the transverse bars 3 and the width B 2 of the spanned frontal or lateral square. The according to figure 4 The wooden building block 1 shown has three cross-section square crosspieces with a width B 1 and a length L 2 =3B 1 and a square cross-section dowel 4 with a width B 1 and a length L 3 of 2B 1 . Two crossbars 3a are arranged upright, while a crossbar 3b is arranged horizontally. The crossbars 3, 3a, 3b are arranged over the length L 0 of the longitudinal bars 2 between them as follows: standing, lying, standing. The dowel 4, in turn, is arranged upright and parallel to the standing crossbars 3a on the lying crossbar 3b and protrudes from a side surface of the wooden building block 1, with the longitudinal woods 2, the crossbars 3a, 3b, 3 and the dowel 4 also protruding in this case Connecting dowels 6 made of wood are connected to each other.

Unabhängig von der gewählten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Holzbausteins 1 werden für die Verbindungsdübel 6 Bohrungen 7 in die Längshölzer 2, die Querhölzer 3 und die Dübel 4 eingebracht, und zwar mit einem vorher festgelegten Rasterabstand, der üblicherweise der Breite B1 entspricht. Die Breite B1 kann beispielsweise 8 cm betragen, wobei für den erfindungsgemäßen Holzbaustein 1 unabhängig von seiner Größe stets gilt, dass dieser aufgrund der orthogonal zu den liegenden Querträgern 3b und den Längshölzern 2 angeordneten Dübeln 4 und der orthogonal zu den Längshölzern 2 angeordneten stehenden Querhölzern 3a isotrope Eigenschaften, das heißt richtungsunabhängige Eigenschaften, insbesondere bezüglich Schwinden sowie Druck- und Zugfestigkeit aufweist. Dies ist insbesondere bei Holzbausteinen 1 von immensem Vorteil, da diese quer zu einer Holzfaserrichtung eine höhere Schwindneigung und eine deutlich geringere Zugfestigkeit aufweisen, als längs der jeweiligen Holzfaserrichtung.Regardless of the selected embodiment of the wooden block 1 according to the invention, 6 holes 7 are introduced into the longitudinal beams 2, the transverse beams 3 and the dowels 4, with a predetermined grid spacing, which usually corresponds to the width B1 . The width B 1 can be 8 cm, for example, whereby the wooden building block 1 according to the invention, regardless of its size, always applies that this is due to the dowels 4 arranged orthogonally to the horizontal crossbeams 3b and the longitudinal timbers 2 and the vertical transverse timbers arranged orthogonally to the longitudinal timbers 2 3a has isotropic properties, that is, direction-independent properties, in particular with regard to shrinkage and compressive and tensile strength. This is of immense advantage in particular in the case of wooden building blocks 1, since these have a greater tendency to shrink transversely to a wood fiber direction and a significantly lower tensile strength than along the respective wood fiber direction.

Betrachtet man die Dübel 4 gemäß der Figur 6, so kann man erkennen, dass diese an ihrem aus der Seitenfläche des Holzbausteins 1 herausragenden Ende 8 abgerundet sind bzw. Fasen 9 aufweisen. Dies ermöglicht insbesondere ein vereinfachtes Zusammenstecken der Holzbausteine 1, insbesondere auch mit lediglich einem Gummihammer.Considering the anchor 4 according to the figure 6 , it can be seen that these are rounded off or have chamfers 9 at their end 8 protruding from the side surface of the wooden building block 1 . In particular, this enables the wooden building blocks 1 to be plugged together more easily, in particular with just a rubber mallet.

Die Verbindungsdübel 6 sind üblicherweise aus Hartholz ausgebildet, wodurch eine besonders feste Verbindung der einzelnen Komponenten, das heißt der Längshölzer 2, der Querhölzer 3 und der Dübel 4 erreicht werden kann. Die Längsträger 2, die Querträger 3, 3a und 3b und/oder die Dübel 4 sowie im Querschnitt quadratische Füllstücke 10 (vergleiche die Figuren 1 bis 3) können dabei aus Nadelholz bzw. aus Schwachholz ausgebildet und dadurch kostengünstig hergestellt werden. Die für die Verbindungsdübel 6 vorzusehenden Bohrungen 7 werden kreuzweise, das heißt sich kreuzend in dem zuvor definierten Rasterabstand in die Längshölzer 2, die Querhölzer 3 und die Dübel 4 bzw. die Füllstücke 10 eingebracht. Dies kann mit automatisierten Bohrvorgängen erfolgen. Durch die Verwendung von Schwachholz bzw. Nadelholz für die Kanthölzer für die Längsträger 2, die Querträger 3 und die Dübel 4 bzw. die Füllstücke 10 lassen sich diese besonders kostengünstig herstellen.The connecting dowels 6 are usually made of hardwood, so that a particularly strong connection of the individual components, ie the lengthwise timbers 2, the transverse timbers 3 and the dowels 4, can be achieved. The longitudinal beams 2, the cross beams 3, 3a and 3b and/or the dowels 4 as well as filler pieces 10 with a square cross section (compare the Figures 1 to 3 ) can be made of coniferous wood or small wood and can therefore be produced inexpensively. The holes 7 to be provided for the connecting dowels 6 are introduced crosswise, that is to say crossing one another, in the previously defined grid spacing in the lengthwise timbers 2, the transversal timbers 3 and the dowels 4 or the filler pieces 10. This can be done with automated drilling operations. By using small wood or softwood for the squared timber for the longitudinal beams 2, the crossbeams 3 and the dowels 4 or the filler pieces 10, these can be produced particularly inexpensively.

Gemäß den Figuren 5 und 6 sind dabei aus einzelnen Holzbausteinen 1 hergestellte Wandsysteme 11 bzw. Deckensysteme 12 gezeigt, wobei insbesondere für die Deckensysteme 12 Holzbausteine 1 mit einer größeren Länge L1 verwendet werden, eine größere Spannweite erreichen zu können. Die hinsichtlich ihrer Länge L1 längeren Holzbausteine 1 können dabei auch als Türstürze problemlos eingesetzt werden. Über die Füllstücke 10 lassen sich die Seitenflächen des Holzbausteins 1 eben gestalten. Mit den Holzbausteinen 1 lassen sich selbstverständlich aber auch Trägersysteme, Pfeilersysteme, Böden, Stützen oder Dachsysteme herstellen.According to the Figures 5 and 6 Wall systems 11 and ceiling systems 12 made from individual wooden building blocks 1 are shown, with wooden building blocks 1 having a greater length L 1 being used in particular for the ceiling systems 12 in order to be able to achieve a larger span. The wooden building blocks 1, which are longer in terms of their length L 1 , can also be used as lintels without any problems. The side surfaces of the wooden building block 1 can be made flat using the filler pieces 10 . With the wooden blocks 1 Of course, carrier systems, pillar systems, floors, supports or roof systems can also be manufactured.

Mit den erfindungsgemäßen Holzbausteinen 1 lässt sich ein vergleichsweise einfaches, ressourcenschonendes und ökologisches Bauen auch über mehrere Stockwerke erreichen, wobei für die Montage lediglich ein Hammer bzw. Gummihammer erforderlich ist. Durch den Entfall von herkömmlichen Verbindungsmitteln, wie beispielsweise Schrauben, Leim oder Nägeln, kann auch eine verbesserte Recyclingfähigkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Holzbausteine 1 erreicht werden. Ein weiterer Vorteil der Holzbausteine ist deren zerstörungsfreie Recyclebarkeit , wodurch diese für neue Konstruktionen wiederverwendet werden können. Besonders hervorzuheben ist auch eine äußerst hohe Flexibilität, so dass mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Holzbaustein 1 nachträgliche Planänderungen vergleichsweise einfach und flexibel darstellbar sind, was bislang mit in Hallen vorgefertigten Fertigbauteilen nicht möglich war. Durch die orthogonale Anordnung der Längshölzer 2, der Querhölzer 3a, 3b und der Dübel 4 lassen sich insbesondere isotrope Schwindeigenschaften sowie Zug- und Druckfestigkeiten erreichen, was mit bislang unidirektional verarbeiteten Hölzern nicht möglich war. Auch eine Anlieferung der Holzbausteine 1 auf eine Baustelle ist ohne größere Kranwagen, das heißt einfach in Palettenform, denkbar.With the wooden building blocks 1 according to the invention, a comparatively simple, resource-saving and ecological construction can also be achieved over several floors, with only a hammer or rubber mallet being required for assembly. Due to the omission of conventional connecting means, such as screws, glue or nails, improved recyclability of the wooden building blocks 1 according to the invention can also be achieved. Another advantage of wooden building blocks is their non-destructive recyclability, which means they can be reused for new constructions. An extremely high degree of flexibility should also be particularly emphasized, so that subsequent plan changes can be made comparatively easily and flexibly with the wooden building block 1 according to the invention, which was previously not possible with prefabricated components prefabricated in halls. The orthogonal arrangement of the longitudinal timbers 2, the transverse timbers 3a, 3b and the dowels 4 makes it possible in particular to achieve isotropic shrinkage properties as well as tensile and compressive strengths, which was previously not possible with timbers processed unidirectionally. Delivery of the wooden building blocks 1 to a construction site is also conceivable without a larger crane truck, that is to say simply in the form of pallets.

Claims (10)

  1. Wooden module (1),
    - having four cross-sectionally square longitudinal pieces of timber (2), with a width B1 and a minimum length L1 = 6B1, which are arranged parallel to and spaced apart from one another in such a way that, at their end sides, they span a square with a width B2 = 3B1,
    - having at least six cross-sectionally square transverse pieces of timber (3, 3a, 3b) with a width B1 and a length L2 = 3B1,
    - having at least two cross-sectionally square plugs (4) with a width B1 and a length L3 = 2B1,
    - wherein at least four transverse pieces of timber (3a) are arranged vertically and at least two transverse pieces of timber (3b) are arranged horizontally,
    - wherein the transverse pieces of timber (3a, 3b) are arranged over the length L1 of the longitudinal pieces of timber (2) and between the latter as follows: vertically, horizontally, vertically, vertically, horizontally, vertically,
    - wherein the at least two plugs (4) are arranged vertically parallel to one another and to the vertical transverse pieces of timber (3a) on the at least two horizontal transverse pieces of timber (3b) and project from a lateral face of the wooden module (1),
    - wherein the longitudinal pieces of timber (2), the transverse pieces of timber (3, 3a, 3b) and the plugs (4) are connected to one another via connection plugs (6) made of wood.
  2. Wooden module according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    two cross-sectionally square filler pieces (10) with a width B1 and a length L3 = 2B1 are provided, which are arranged parallel to the longitudinal pieces of timber (2) between two adjacent horizontal transverse pieces of timber (3b).
  3. Wooden module according to claim 1 and 2,
    characterised in that
    the width B1 is approximately 8 cm.
  4. Wooden module according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the length L1 is approximately 48 cm or a multiple thereof.
  5. Wooden module (1),
    - having four cross-sectionally square longitudinal pieces of timber (2), with a width B1 and a length L0 = 3B1, which are arranged parallel to and spaced apart from one another in such a way that, at their end sides, they span a square with a width B2 = 3B1,
    - having three cross-sectionally square transverse pieces of timber (3, 3a, 3b) with a width B1 and a length L2 = 3B1,
    - having a cross-sectionally square plug (4) with a width B1 and a length L3 = 2B1,
    - wherein two transverse pieces of timber (3a) are arranged vertically and one transverse piece of timber (3b) is arranged horizontally,
    - wherein the transverse pieces of timber (3, 3a, 3b) are arranged over the length L0 of the longitudinal pieces of timber (2) and between the latter as follows: vertically, horizontally, vertically,
    - wherein the plug (4) is arranged vertically and parallel to the vertical transverse pieces of timber (3a) on the horizontal transverse piece of timber (3b) and projects from a
    lateral face of the wooden module (1),
    - wherein the longitudinal pieces of timber (2), the transverse pieces of timber (3, 3a, 3b) and the plug (4) are connected to one another via connection plugs (6) made of wood.
  6. Wooden module according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    at least one plug (4) is rounded or has bevels (9) at its end (8) which projects from the lateral face of the wooden module (1).
  7. Wooden module according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the connection plugs (6) are formed from hardwood.
  8. Wooden module according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    - the longitudinal members (2), the transverse members (3, 3a, 3b) and/or the at least one plug (4) are formed from softwood, and/or
    - the longitudinal members (2), the transverse members (3, 3a, 3b) and/or the at least one plug (4) are produced from weak wood.
  9. Wooden module according to any of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the connection plugs (6) have a diameter of approximately 16 mm and are received in bores (7) in the longitudinal pieces of timber (2), the transverse pieces of timber (3, 3a, 3b) and/or the at least one plug (4).
  10. Wall system (11), ceiling system (12), beam system, pillar system, floor system, support system or roof system having at least five interconnected or plugged-together wooden modules (1) according to any of the preceding claims.
EP19716284.5A 2018-03-19 2019-03-15 Wooden module Active EP3768906B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018204154.7A DE102018204154B3 (en) 2018-03-19 2018-03-19 wood block
PCT/DE2019/100237 WO2019179563A1 (en) 2018-03-19 2019-03-15 Wooden module

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3768906A1 EP3768906A1 (en) 2021-01-27
EP3768906B1 true EP3768906B1 (en) 2022-04-27

Family

ID=66101769

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19716284.5A Active EP3768906B1 (en) 2018-03-19 2019-03-15 Wooden module

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US11578484B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3768906B1 (en)
CA (1) CA3094296A1 (en)
DE (1) DE102018204154B3 (en)
DK (1) DK3768906T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2922535T3 (en)
LT (1) LT3768906T (en)
PL (1) PL3768906T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2019179563A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202021100849U1 (en) 2021-02-19 2022-05-27 Nico Herrmann wooden block
CN115839148B (en) * 2023-02-24 2023-06-16 江苏殷巧建设有限公司 Anti-seepage combined type archaize building brick wood

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR992912A (en) 1944-09-29 1951-10-24 Construction method of frames or frames of all kinds and assembly elements allowing this construction
US3672681A (en) * 1970-05-01 1972-06-27 David Wolf Game method involving competitive arranging of grouped pieces into polyhedric form
CA1178775A (en) * 1982-09-28 1984-12-04 Luc Trudeau Dismantable joint arrangement
US4534563A (en) * 1983-10-06 1985-08-13 Guenther Geoffrey L Three dimensional puzzle
AUPM596394A0 (en) * 1994-05-31 1994-06-23 Dyksterhuis, Francis Henry Games and puzzles
US5823533A (en) * 1997-03-21 1998-10-20 Edwards; Boyd F. Puzzles in two and three dimensions
US5928052A (en) * 1998-05-14 1999-07-27 Buscher; William C. Cube toy blocks
CA2371339A1 (en) * 2002-02-11 2003-08-11 Michael Porter Three dimensional puzzle
TWI542395B (en) * 2014-10-31 2016-07-21 國立臺灣科技大學 Building block monomer
DE102015122919A1 (en) * 2015-12-29 2017-06-29 Thomas Damm Wood brick

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2922535T3 (en) 2022-09-16
DE102018204154B3 (en) 2019-08-08
US11578484B2 (en) 2023-02-14
CA3094296A1 (en) 2019-09-26
PL3768906T3 (en) 2022-09-19
LT3768906T (en) 2022-08-10
DK3768906T3 (en) 2022-07-25
US20210002891A1 (en) 2021-01-07
EP3768906A1 (en) 2021-01-27
WO2019179563A1 (en) 2019-09-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2015000747A2 (en) Panel element made of wood
CH690242A5 (en) Structural component of compound material with elongated and surface extension is particularly for formation of width union, applying especially to boards and planks
EP3768906B1 (en) Wooden module
WO2016116532A1 (en) Formwork support and formwork construction
DE202006015693U1 (en) Wood-concrete connecting unit for use in building construction, has slab and support units connected with each other by connection unit that is embedded in slab unit, where slab unit is made of concrete and support unit is made of wood
EP0593984B1 (en) Wall element and wall made therefrom
EP0563707A1 (en) Shuttering-panel
DE202005002766U1 (en) Wooden wall consists of parallel and abutting squared timber with rectangular cross section, with slots on end faces so that pieces of squared timber can slide into one another
EP2989263B1 (en) Storey ceiling construction and building made of wood
AT520334B1 (en) brick
EP3204568A1 (en) Producing supporting structures from a plurality of individual, easy-to-handle, compatible and modular supporting structure elements, for wooden buildings that are prefabricated in the dry and self-assembly mode of construction
AT517545B1 (en) Prefabricated elements made of planked steel frames for the construction of a building
EP0882849A2 (en) Construction element for walls
DE2310312A1 (en) BUILDING MANUFACTURED USING PREFABRICATED LARGE-FORMAT COMPONENTS
EP3556958B1 (en) Component for producing a slab
DE2263027A1 (en) COMPONENT COMPOSED FROM SHORT WOODEN PARTS
EP3130718A1 (en) Composite construction material element
EP3252247A1 (en) Wooden construction element and tongue and groove connection
EP3510210B1 (en) Elevation of wooden elements
DE102006050046A1 (en) Wärmedämmverbundsystem
DE19739402C2 (en) Building corner for a house made of wood
EP1323876A1 (en) Panel, spacer and trusslike beam therefor, building and method of construction
DE2244886C3 (en) Multi-story building and its method of manufacture
DE926878C (en) Support plate made of tightly laid, high-web wooden beams with transverse reinforcement, especially for floor slabs and roof coverings
DE721195C (en) Structure that can be dismantled

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20200916

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R079

Ref document number: 502019004206

Country of ref document: DE

Free format text: PREVIOUS MAIN CLASS: E04B0002080000

Ipc: E04B0002120000

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: E04B 2/08 20060101ALI20211008BHEP

Ipc: E04B 2/12 20060101AFI20211008BHEP

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20211111

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1487038

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20220515

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502019004206

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FI

Ref legal event code: FGE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

Effective date: 20220719

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: FP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NO

Ref legal event code: T2

Effective date: 20220427

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: EE

Ref legal event code: FG4A

Ref document number: E022519

Country of ref document: EE

Effective date: 20220718

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2922535

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

Effective date: 20220916

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220829

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220427

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220728

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220727

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220427

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220827

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502019004206

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220427

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220427

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220427

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220427

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220427

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20230130

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NO

Payment date: 20230329

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20230323

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: FI

Payment date: 20230323

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20230323

Year of fee payment: 5

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220427

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20230329

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: PL

Payment date: 20230324

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: LV

Payment date: 20230327

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20230327

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20230323

Year of fee payment: 5

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LT

Payment date: 20230323

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20230424

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20230402

Year of fee payment: 5

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220427

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230315

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230315

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LT

Payment date: 20240315

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20240326

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20240319

Year of fee payment: 5

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20240319

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Payment date: 20240326

Year of fee payment: 6

Ref country code: EE

Payment date: 20240326

Year of fee payment: 6

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20240328

Year of fee payment: 6

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20240319

Year of fee payment: 6