EP3767057B1 - Equipment for forming an overhead car park including timber deck modules - Google Patents

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates to the technical field of aerial car parks with at least one floor. The object of the invention finds a particularly advantageous, but not exclusively, application in the field of aerial car parks of modular design.

Prior technique

In many situations, there appears the need to quickly and temporarily increase the capacity of an existing car park by creating an aerial car park with one or more floors made up of prefabricated modules assembled together on the site of the parking facility. For example, the French patent FR 2 642 784 proposed a modular aerial car park comprising deck modules assembled together by bolting. Each deck module comprises a chassis consisting of a frame provided with crosspieces and assembled by bolting to posts using angle brackets. Each frame is provided with a sheet forming a floor element.

It appears that the assembly of these different floor modules remains a tedious and time-consuming operation due to the large number of bolts that have to be put in place in order to ensure the connection between the deck module and the posts. Additionally, the floor modules are difficult to handle and transport given their relatively heavy weight.

The patent application FR 3 065 977 also proposed to create an aerial car park with at least one floor, using a set of structural elements intended to be assembled together. These structural elements include deck modules supported by posts. To this end, each apron module comprises, at each of its two longitudinally opposite ends, two open housings each capable of receiving a head of a post, and support means capable of coming to rest on a respective post after threading of the housings on the heads of the posts so that the apron module is stably supported by the posts.

If such structural elements make it possible to simplify assembly operations, these structural elements require high-capacity handling and transport means given their relatively heavy weight. The weight of such a car park leads to stresses on the ground on which this car park is erected, whereas the ground is not necessarily suitable for supporting them. The multiplication of support points is detrimental to the comfort and ergonomics of the car park. In addition, the principle of supporting each deck module by two posts arranged at the longitudinal ends of the module leads to encroachment on the parking spaces located below this parking floor.

The patent EP0364414 also describes a structure for constructing a modular parking deck comprising deck modules of rectangular shapes having longitudinal sides and transverse sides. These deck modules are supported by a load-bearing structure comprising in particular beams supported by height-adjustable pillars. Each module has a composite floor slab that can be assembled directly on site. This composite floor slab is made of two layers of different materials, for example, a corrugated iron sheet and plywood panels coated with epoxy resin. Also, the patent EP2093352 also describes a structure for constructing a modular parking floor, the floor slab of which can be made of a ribbed sheet filled with lightweight concrete or of flat or expanded sheet panels or even panels based on wood or fibreglass. Such structures have the same drawbacks as the other structures with regard in particular to the difficulty of assembling these various floor modules.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to remedy the drawbacks of prior techniques by proposing equipment for quickly and easily assembling different apron modules to form an aerial car park, these modules apron having a weight that does not require high capacity handling means while being supported by a suitable supporting structure so that the parking spaces on the lower floor are retained.

Another object of the invention is to provide equipment for quickly and easily assembling different apron modules to form an overhead car park that can be easily dismantled.

• chaque module de tablier comporte un caisson en bois comportant une plaque supérieure et une plaque inférieure assemblées par des nervures de liaison, la plaque supérieure étant pourvue d'un revêtement d'étanchéité ;
• des systèmes d'étanchéité inter caissons assurant une continuité d'étanchéité entre les plaques supérieures des caissons voisins.

To achieve such objectives, the object of the invention relates to equipment for forming a parking floor comprising deck modules of rectangular shapes having longitudinal sides and transverse sides, these deck modules being supported by a load-bearing structure in being arranged to, in the assembled position, form at least part of the apron of an air car park floor. According to the invention:

• each apron module comprises a wooden box comprising an upper plate and a lower plate assembled by connecting ribs, the upper plate being provided with a sealing coating;
• inter-box sealing systems ensuring continuity of sealing between the upper plates of neighboring boxes.

According to a first embodiment, two adjacent deck modules delimit by their neighboring transverse sides, a gap opening into a transverse gutter mounted below the upper plate and forming part of the sealing systems.

According to a second embodiment, the inter-box sealing systems are made by sealing strips fixed to the upper plates of two neighboring wooden boxes, overlapping the interstices delimited between the adjacent transverse sides of the upper plates.

According to a preferred variant embodiment, the support structure comprises two stringer bases arranged to support the wooden boxes and supported by posts.

According to this variant, each winding bed base is supported by the posts positioned to be centered in the plane of symmetry of the transverse sides of two neighboring deck modules, preferably with a spacing pitch equal to two deck modules.

For example, the posts are positioned at a distance from the longitudinal sides comprised between substantially 0 and 1.1 m making it possible to preserve the parking spaces.

In addition, each post is supported by a support plate and equipped with a height adjustment device.

Advantageously, the posts and the string springs are linked together by an embedding system in the longitudinal direction, preferably removable.

Advantageously, the wooden caissons are fixed to the string springs by an embedding system in the transverse direction, preferably removable.

According to one embodiment, each wooden box is provided with an RFID chip.

Brief description of the drawings

• [ Fig. 1 ] The figure 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a floor of a car park formed from equipment according to the invention.
• [ Fig. 2 ] The picture 2 is a view analogous to figure 1 partly cut away showing characteristic details of the equipment according to the invention.
• [ Fig. 3 ] The picture 3 is a perspective view from below of the car park floor shown in figure 1 .
• [ Fig. 4 ] The figure 4 is an elevation sectional view of a characteristic detail of the equipment according to the invention.
• [ Fig. 5 ] The figure 5 is a perspective view from below of the parking floor showing a detail of the equipment according to the invention.

Description of embodiments

The object of the invention relates to equipment 1 comprising deck modules 2 supported by a supporting structure 3. These deck modules 2 are arranged to, in the assembled position, form at least part of a deck 4 of a floor of car park as shown in figure 1 . Advantageously, the apron 4 covers a ground floor surface 5 delimiting locations 6 intended for parking vehicles. Conventionally, the apron 4 is fitted on its banks with identical or different guardrails 7.

Of course, this parking floor is equipped with at least one access ramp for vehicles, not shown in the drawings. The parking deck configuration shown in the drawings is for illustration purposes only. In the example shown, the parking floor is in a single bay configuration with a ramp at the end. Of course, the apron modules 2 can be arranged in different configurations to take account in particular of the capacity sought in terms of the number of parking spaces, the organization of circulation and the location of the entrances and exits, and the possible changes in needs and the development of the existing car park on the ground floor. Thus, the equipment 1 according to the invention makes it possible to produce multiple single-span or multi-span configurations, with single or multiple ramps, placed at the end or laterally.

In known manner, the apron modules 2 have a rectangular shape having two longitudinal sides 2l and two transverse sides 2t. Conventionally, the transverse sides of the 2t of an apron module 2 have a width corresponding to two depths of a parking space 6 added to a width of central service track while the longitudinal sides 2l of an apron module 2 have a length corresponding to the width of a parking space 6. Typically, the transverse sides of the 2t of an apron module 2 have a width of the order of 15m while the longitudinal sides 2l of a module of deck 2 have a length of around 2.5m. By juxtaposing a number N of deck modules 2 along their transverse sides, an deck 4 is obtained with a length of the order of Nx2.5m and a transverse width of the order of 15m conventionally dividing into a central traffic lane of the order of 5m bordered on either side by parking rows of the order of 5 m delimiting each of the parking spaces perpendicular to the central traffic lane. Of course, the dimensions of the apron modules 2 are given solely by way of examples and are in no way limiting.

In accordance with the invention, each deck module 2 comprises a wooden box 8 comprising an upper plate 9 and a lower plate 10 assembled by connecting ribs 12. It should be understood that the upper plate 9 of the wooden boxes 8, has a ninth outer face, that is to say its face opposite that in contact with the connecting ribs 12. The ninth outer face of the upper plate 9 is intended to serve as a running surface for vehicles. Similarly, the lower plate 10 has an outer face 10e intended to be in contact with the supporting structure 3.

Each wooden box 8 has an upper plate 9 and a lower plate 10 having substantially identical surface dimensions. Each wooden box 8 has two longitudinal sides 2l and two transverse sides 2t. The thicknesses of the upper plate 9 and of the lower plate 10 are identical or different.

Thus, this wooden box 8 has an upper plate 9 of wood, a lower plate 10 of wood and connecting ribs 12 of wood. The connecting ribs 12, which can have different shapes, delimit between them cavities or housings 13. Advantageously, this wooden box 8 is a cross-laminated wood box or CLT (Cross Laminer Timber) box. This type of wooden box 8 makes it possible to present a long range while having a reduced weight compared to previous solutions, for example metal. Advantageously, each wooden box 8 is equipped with an RFID (radio frequency identification) chip making it possible to durably identify each wooden box 8, in particular facilitating management, control and maintenance operations.

According to a variant embodiment, it should be noted that the lower plate 10 of the wooden boxes 8 and in particular the outer face 10e can receive a treatment or a coating, allowing a gain in terms of fire resistance.

As explained above, the apron modules 2 are intended to be mounted in a juxtaposed manner, along their transverse sides 2t so that two neighboring apron modules 2 delimit a clearance or a gap 14 between the two transverse sides 2t located opposite opinion. Thus, the upper plates 9 of two neighboring wooden boxes 8 delimit between their transverse edges 2t, a clearance or a gap 14. It should be noted that the lower plates 10 of two neighboring wooden boxes 8 also delimit between their transverse edges 2t , the play or the gap 14. The play or the gap 14 does not necessarily have the same width between the upper plates 9 and the lower plates 10 on the one hand.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the wooden boxes 8 are assembled two by two, by means of an anti-pianotage assembly device 15 so that the upper plates 9 delimit a substantially flat running surface devoid of projections. In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in the drawings, an anti-tear assembly device 15 for a pair of adjacent wooden boxes 8 comprises a bar 15a fixed to the outer faces 10e of two lower plates 10 of said boxes, and a bar 15c placed on the inner faces of the two lower plates 10 of the two wooden boxes 8, overlapping the gap 14 located between these two lower plates 10 ( figure 3 and 4 ). In the example illustrated, the bars 15a and 15c extend over the entire width of the wooden boxes 8. According to an advantageous characteristic of embodiment, the anti-pianotage assembly device 15 has a removable character. To this end, the bars 15a, 15c are fixed to the wooden boxes 8 using threaded elements 15b. The tightening of these threaded elements 15b has the effect of aligning in the vertical plane, the two adjacent wooden boxes 8. Removing these threaded elements 15b eliminates the assembly between two adjacent wooden boxes 8.

According to a characteristic of the invention, the upper plate 9 of the wooden boxes 8 is provided with a sealing coating, of course, on its face. exterior 9th. This sealing coating can be produced in any suitable way, such as, for example, using a treatment or by depositing a film. Typically, this coating falls under liquid sealing systems (SEL) having functions in particular of watertightness, protection, non-slip and rolling resistance of vehicles.

According to a feature of the invention, the equipment 1 comprises inter-box sealing systems 16 providing continuity of sealing between the upper plates 9 of the neighboring wooden boxes 8. As explained above, the apron modules 2 are intended to be mounted in juxtaposed manner, along their transverse sides 2t so that the upper plates 9 of two neighboring wooden boxes 8 delimit between their transverse edges, a clearance or a gap 14. The function of these inter-cabinet sealing systems 16 is to prevent liquids from passing through the apron 4 produced by the juxtaposition of the apron modules 2.

According to a first embodiment not illustrated in the drawings, the inter-box sealing systems 16 are made by sealing strips fixed to the upper plates 9 of two neighboring wooden boxes 8 by overlapping the interstices 14 delimited between the transverse sides neighbors of the upper plates 9. These sealing strips are made in any suitable manner. According to this embodiment, the wooden boxes 8 have a counter-arrow to conduct the liquids in the direction of the longitudinal sides 21 of the wooden boxes, provided with longitudinal gutters for collecting these liquids.

According to a second embodiment illustrated in the drawings, the inter-box sealing systems 16 comprise transverse gutters 16a each mounted below a gap 14 delimited between the two adjacent upper plates 9. It should be understood that these transverse gutters 16a which have a drainage function, provide a seal between the upper plates by preventing liquids from passing through the apron 4.

Thus, as it emerges more precisely from the figure 4 , each transverse gutter 16a opens in the direction of the gap 14 with an opening greater than the width of the gap 14 to recover in particular the liquids falling from the gap. Of course, each transverse gutter 16a extends over the entire width of the transverse side 2t of the wooden box 8. Advantageously, the transverse gutters 16a take place in the housings 13 opening onto the transverse sides 2t of the wooden boxes 8. Each transverse gutter 16a is fixed in any appropriate manner to two adjacent wooden boxes 8. For example, supports 16b are fixed on the connecting ribs 13 located near the two transverse sides 2t of the wooden boxes 8. For example, the transverse gutters 16a are put in place by sliding from the longitudinal sides 2l of the wooden boxes wood 8.

Of course, the transverse gutters 16a open at least one and preferably at both ends into longitudinal gutters 16c. Each longitudinal gutter 16c extends along the longitudinal sides 21 adjacent to the wooden boxes 8. These longitudinal gutters 16c make it possible to collect not only the liquids crossing the interstices 14 presented by the apron and recovered by the transverse gutters 16a but also the liquids falling from the longitudinal sides 2l. Each longitudinal gutter 16c is fixed by any appropriate means, to the support structure 3 or to the longitudinal sides 2l of the wooden boxes 8. The longitudinal gutters communicate with downspouts fixed to the support structure 3.

Advantageously, the load-bearing structure 3 of the equipment 1 comprises two stringer 19 arranged to support the wooden boxes 8 and supported by posts 21. Each stringer 19 is in the form of a beam 19a mounted to extend parallel to the longitudinal sides 2l and at a limited distance from these longitudinal sides 2l. Typically, each beam 19a of a stringer 19 is mounted at a determined distance from the neighboring longitudinal sides 21 of approximately between 0 and 1.1 m. For example, the two beams 19a of the string springs 19 are spaced apart by a distance of the order of 14 m so that each beam of the string springs 19 is located approximately 0.5 m from the neighboring longitudinal sides 21.

According to an advantageous embodiment characteristic, the wooden boxes 8 are fixed to the string springs 19 by embedding systems 24 in the transverse direction. The embedding systems 24 ensure a complete connection between the wooden boxes 8 and the string springs 19. According to an advantageous characteristic of embodiment, the embedding systems 24 provide a complete removable connection.

According to the exemplary embodiment illustrated in the drawings, the embedding systems 24 are made by crosspieces or arms 24a integral with the beams 19a of the string springs 19, extending perpendicularly with respect to the beams 19a ( figure 5 ). The wooden boxes 8 come to rest via the outer face 10e of the lower plates 10, on the crosspieces 24a. The wooden boxes 8 are fixed to the crosspieces 24a for example, using threaded elements 24b allowing the dismantling of the wooden boxes 8 with respect to the string springs 19.

According to a preferred embodiment, each wooden box 8 is supported by two crosspieces 24a presented by each running bed base 19. Thus, each wooden box 8 is supported in its corners by four crosspieces 24a located on the edge of the two transverse sides 2t . Furthermore, it should be noted that the end of the crosspieces 24a facing the outside of the wooden box 8 extends substantially to the plumb of the longitudinal sides 2l. For example, each beam 19a of a stringer 19 is in the form of a series of unitary beam elements (for example of length of the order of 5 m), placed end to end and each provided with a crosspiece 24a at each of its ends and a pair of adjacent crosspieces 24a in its middle part. For example, these string springs 19 are made of steel and concrete.

According to an advantageous embodiment characteristic, the string springs 19 are linked to the posts 21 by an embedding system 28 in the longitudinal direction. The embedding systems 28 between the string springs 19 and the posts 21 ensure a complete connection between the string springs 19 and the posts 21. According to an advantageous embodiment characteristic, these systems embedding 28 between the string springs 19 and the posts 21 provide a complete removable connection.

According to the exemplary embodiment illustrated in the drawings, the embedding systems 28 between the string springs 19 and the posts 21 are made by fixing studs 28a extending to the right and below the beams 19a, at the level of each of the crosspieces 24a located at the ends of each beam element 19a. These fixing studs 28a allow the assembly of the string springs on the posts 21 preferably using threaded elements 28b to allow dismantling between the string springs 19 and the posts 21 ( figure 5 ).

Each fixing stud 28a has a support surface extending in a plane perpendicular to the direction of extension of the winding bedsteads 19. These fixing studs 28a are fixed to the posts 21, with the crosspieces 24a bearing and on the other a post head 21a in the form of a plate ( figure 4 ).

According to a preferred embodiment feature, each running bed base 19 is supported by posts 21 mounted to each be centered in the plane of symmetry for the two transverse sides of two adjacent wooden boxes 8 ( figure 4 ).

According to a preferred embodiment characteristic, the posts 19 are distributed over each stringer 19 with a spacing pitch equal to two apron modules 2. In other words, the posts 19 are regularly spaced every 5 m approximately. that is to say every two parking spaces 6. Thus, the fixing studs 28a are also evenly spaced on each running base 19 with a spacing pitch equal to two apron modules. Thus, as explained above, the fixing studs 28 are fixed at each of the crosspieces 24a located at the ends of each beam element 19a.

Advantageously, the posts 21 are positioned at a determined distance from the longitudinal sides 2l comprised between substantially 0 and 1.1 m allowing the parking spaces 6 to be preserved. Each post 21 has also a section less than about 0.5m x 0.5m and advantageously less than about 0.25m x 0.25m.

According to an advantageous characteristic, each post 21 is supported by a support plate 31 and equipped with a device 32 for height adjustment of all types such as a jack or a screw-nut system. The support plates 31 are arranged under each post 21 so as to distribute the pressure over a sufficient ground surface. The support plates 31 are advantageously oriented in the transverse direction.

It emerges from the foregoing description that the equipment 1 according to the invention makes it possible to quickly produce at least one parking floor using reduced weight apron modules. Given the weight of such a car park, its construction does not generally require special arrangements to be made at ground level on which this car park is installed. In addition, this parking floor is built while retaining the parking spaces made on the ground floor overlooked by this parking floor. This car park level makes it possible to quickly increase the capacity of an existing car park permanently or temporarily by its ease of dismantling.

Claims (10)

1. Equipment for forming a parking lot level comprising deck modules (2) of rectangular shapes having longitudinal sides (2l) and transverse sides (2t), these deck modules being supported by a load-bearing structure (3) by being arranged to form, in the assembled position, at least part of the deck (4) of an above-ground parking lot level, characterized in that:

   - each deck module (2) includes a timber box (8) including an upper plate (9) and a lower plate (10) assembled by connecting ribs (12), the upper plate (9) being provided with a sealing coating;

   - inter-box sealing systems (16) ensuring a continuity of sealing between the upper plates (9) of the neighboring boxes.
2. Equipment according to claim 1, wherein two adjacent deck modules (2) delimit by their neighboring transverse sides (2t), a gap (14) opening out into a transverse gutter (16a) mounted below the upper plate (9) and forming part of the sealing systems.
3. Equipment according to claim 2, wherein the inter-box sealing systems (16) are made by sealing strips fixed on the upper plates (9) of two neighboring timber boxes (8) by overlapping the gaps (14) delimited between the neighboring transverse sides of the upper plates (9).
4. Equipment according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the load-bearing structure (3) includes two continuous beams (19) arranged to support the timber boxes (8) and supported by posts (21).
5. Equipment according to the preceding claim, wherein each continuous beam (19) is supported by the posts (21) positioned to be centered in the plane of symmetry of the transverse sides of two neighboring deck modules (2), preferably with a spacing pitch equal to two deck modules.
6. Equipment according to any of claims 4 or 5, wherein the posts (21) are positioned at a distance from the longitudinal sides (21) comprised between substantially 0 and 1.1 m allowing the parking lot spaces to be preserved.
7. Equipment according to any of claims 4 to 6, wherein each post (21) is supported by a bearing plate (31) and equipped with a height adjustment device (32).
8. Equipment according to any of claims 4 to 7, wherein the posts (21) and the continuous beams (19) are linked together by a preferably dismountable embedding system (28) along the longitudinal direction.
9. Equipment according to any of claims 4 to 8, wherein the timber boxes (8) are fixed to the continuous beams (19) by a preferably dismountable embedding system (24) along the transverse direction.
10. Equipment according to any of the preceding claims, wherein each timber box (8) is provided with an RFID chip.

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