EP3748657A1 - Dispositif de commutation pour un circuit électrique - Google Patents

Dispositif de commutation pour un circuit électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3748657A1
EP3748657A1 EP20171955.6A EP20171955A EP3748657A1 EP 3748657 A1 EP3748657 A1 EP 3748657A1 EP 20171955 A EP20171955 A EP 20171955A EP 3748657 A1 EP3748657 A1 EP 3748657A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrically conductive
textile
threads
switching device
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20171955.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Molls
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heimbach GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Heimbach GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heimbach GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Heimbach GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3748657A1 publication Critical patent/EP3748657A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/14—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch adapted for operation by a part of the human body other than the hand, e.g. by foot
    • H01H3/141—Cushion or mat switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/022—Emergency operating parts, e.g. for stop-switch in dangerous conditions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a switching device for an electrical circuit which is designed to interrupt the electrical circuit in an initial state and to close the electrical circuit in an actuating state, the switching device being designed in particular as an emergency stop switch for the electrical circuit of a Emergency stop device, which can be brought into its actuation state in order to close the electrical circuit of the emergency stop device and thus activate an emergency stop function. Furthermore, the invention relates to an emergency stop device with an electrical circuit and a switching device designed as an emergency stop switch, the emergency stop switch being designed to interrupt the electrical circuit in an initial state and the electrical circuit in one To close the actuation state and thus activate an emergency stop function.
  • Switching devices of this type are known and are used in particular as emergency stop switches - also called emergency stops - on machines, vehicles and systems in order to quickly put them into a safe state in the event of danger or to avert danger.
  • Various strategies are used to establish the safe state; in the simplest case, actuation of the emergency stop switch causes the power supply to the respective device to be interrupted.
  • Emergency stop switches on machines are usually designed as mushroom-shaped buttons in red on a yellow background. There are also Emergency stop switches in the form of pull cord switches and safety light barriers.
  • emergency stop switches must lock after they have been actuated and can then - depending on the security level to be observed - only be brought back to their original starting position or state with a key, by turning the emergency stop switch or by actively pulling it out will.
  • emergency stop switches are often used in connection with emergency stop switching devices, which are activated by the emergency stop switch and initiate the necessary protective processes. If such emergency stop switching devices are used, the emergency stop switches can be designed so that they close a circuit connected to the emergency stop switching device when they are actuated, so that a corresponding circuit in the emergency stop -Switching device is supplied with power or receives a switching signal, which then puts the secured machine, system or the like in the secured state.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to design a switching device of the type mentioned at the beginning so that it can be used flexibly and in particular over a large area on moving or stationary components or for lining machine rooms. Furthermore an emergency stop device with such a switching device is to be specified.
  • the switching device is designed as a switching mat with two electrically conductive textile layers, which consist of or have textile materials and are positioned at a distance from one another, and with an electrically insulating provided between the textile layers Spacer layer which has spacer threads made of electrically non-conductive material running transversely and in particular perpendicular to the textile layers, which are rigid and elastic and define between them vertical or essentially vertical open channels or areas between the textile layers, the textile layers having electrically conductive contact means which are positioned on the textile layers in such a way that the contact means of the two textile layers are electrically isolated from one another by the spacer layer in the initial state of the switching mat, but with one another he come into electrically conductive contact when the switching mat is pressed together with a predetermined pressure in its actuation state in order to close the electrical circuit and thus in particular to activate an emergency stop function.
  • An emergency stop device of the type mentioned at the beginning is correspondingly characterized in that such a switching device is used.
  • the invention is thus based on the idea of using a switching mat with two electrically conductive textile layers and an electrically insulating spacer layer arranged between them as the switching device.
  • the switching mat is to be designed in such a way that in its initial state the textile layers are separated from one another by the spacing between them be electrically isolated, but that by applying a predetermined pressure it can be compressed to such an extent that the two textile layers and in particular their electrically conductive contact means come into contact with one another (actuation state), so that an electrical circuit connected to the safety mat is closed.
  • the textile layers and the spacer layer are designed to be correspondingly elastically flexible.
  • the spacer layer offers the necessary free spaces to allow contacting of the electrically conductive contact means of the two textile layers.
  • the safety mat according to the invention can be used in particular as an emergency stop switch for the electrical circuit of an emergency stop device, which is closed to close the electrical circuit of the emergency stop device and thus an emergency stop function, for example in to activate a connected emergency stop switch when the textile layers come into contact with each other.
  • a switching device and in particular an emergency stop switch in the form of a safety mat offers the advantage that the switching device extends over a large area, e.g. B. over defined floor or wall sections to be secured work spaces, and can be easily attached to both stationary and moving parts such as a robot. If the moving component collides with another object, the safety mat is compressed in the contact area and, if necessary, the emergency stop function is activated.
  • the sensitivity of the safety mat can be adjusted via the pressure sensitivity of the safety mat.
  • the main influencing factors are here the total thickness of the switching mat, which is in the range from 1 to 30 mm, preferably 2 to 20 mm, in particular 3 to 10 mm, and the distance between the outer textile layers, which corresponds to the length of the spacer threads.
  • Further influencing factors are the flexural rigidity and elasticity of the spacer threads, as well as the angle that the spacer threads assume to align the outer textile layers. The flatter the angle, the easier it is to squeeze the safety mat.
  • the sensitivity of the safety mat is influenced by the number and size of the possible contact points, which are predetermined by the electrically conductive contact means of the two textile layers, and by the number and size of the open channels or areas provided in the spacer layer.
  • the sensitivity of the safety mat can be set precisely via the influencing factors and also adapted to the respective conditions. If there is little space available, relatively thin switching mats can be used, in which case the sensitivity of the respective switching mat is primarily set via the stiffness / elasticity of the spacer threads and their angle to the outer textile layers. If there is enough space available, all influencing factors can be used to adjust the sensitivity of the safety mat.
  • the setting is very easy, since the safety mat only needs to be designed in such a way that in normal operation - i.e. in its initial state - the textile layers are kept at a distance by the spacer threads, and in an emergency situation the textile layers come into direct contact with one another so that a Short circuit is caused between the textile layers.
  • the electrically conductive textile layers are designed as woven layers and / or as knitted layers.
  • the open channels of the spacer layer can thereby also extend through the textile layers.
  • openings corresponding to the channels can be formed in one, preferably in the two textile layers, by corresponding fabric and / or mesh openings.
  • openings are formed in one, preferably in both, textile layers by in particular punched perforations which penetrate the switching mat in particular with the formation of continuous open channels.
  • the cross-sectional area of the open channels is in the range of 30-350 mm 2 and / or the density of the open channels is two to six channels / cm 2 , in particular four channels / cm 2 .
  • the electrically conductive contact means can have electrically conductive and / or electrically conductive threads.
  • the electrically conductive and / or electrically conductive threads can be woven and / or knitted in and / or braided and / or sewn and / or threaded into the respective textile layer.
  • the electrically conductive and / or electrically conductive threads are provided in the one textile layer as longitudinal threads and in the other textile layer as transverse threads.
  • the electrically conductive and / or conductive threads can run in a floating manner on textile webs of the inner surface and / or outer surface of the respective textile layer.
  • the electrically conductive and / or electrically conductive threads have a thread diameter of 0.1-0.8 mm, in particular 0.2-0.6 mm.
  • the electrically conductive and / or electrically conductive threads preferably have a thread density of 2-20 threads / cm.
  • the electrically conductive contact means can comprise electrically conductive or electrically conductive textile planar structures.
  • the electrically conductive or electrically conductive fabricated textile fabrics are glued and / or welded and / or melted onto the outer surface of a textile layer facing away from the opposite textile layer, in particular both textile layers, whereby they are provided in the respective textile layer Cover openings - if available as described above.
  • the electrically conductive or electrically conductive fabricated textile fabrics can be designed as woven and / or knitted fabrics and / or as fiber fleece and consist of or have metal fibers and / or metal threads.
  • the electrically conductive or electrically conductive fabricated textile fabrics can have a thickness of 0.05-0.5 mm and / or a weight per unit area of 30-800 g / m 2 .
  • the electrically conductive or electrically conductive finished textile fabrics are formed at least partially from polymeric materials with electrically conductive finish.
  • the electrically conductive or electrically conductive fabricated textile fabrics can have a thickness of 0.08-0.25 mm and / or a weight per unit area of 30-120 g / m 2 .
  • the electrically conductive contact means have an electrically conductive, non-textile coating and / or have or consist of an electrically conductive, non-textile finish.
  • the electrically conductive coating and / or finishing can be applied to the respective textile layer by painting, plating, spraying, vapor deposition or electroplating.
  • the electrically conductive coatings and / or finishes preferably have a thickness of 0.001-0.05 mm and / or a weight per unit area of 10-1000 g / m 2 .
  • they can be applied to the outer surface of the respective textile layer, in particular laminated, and thereby cover openings provided in the textile layer - if they exist as described above.
  • the rigid, elastic spacer threads of the electrically insulating spacer layer are designed as or have polymer threads, the polymer threads in particular consisting of polyamide and / or polyethylene terephthalate and / or polypropylene.
  • the polymer threads can have a diameter of 0.05 to 0.3 mm and / or a thread density of 50-60 threads / cm.
  • At least one textile layer in particular each textile layer, carries a cover layer on its outside facing away from the opposite textile layer, which is laminated in particular onto the textile layer.
  • the cover layer can have a polymer coating, in particular made of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene and / or polyvinyl chloride and / or polyurethane.
  • the cover layer with a textile reinforcement in particular in be provided in the form of a woven and / or knitted fabric and / or a fleece.
  • the thickness of the cover layer (s) is 0.2-1 mm, in particular 0.4-0.8 mm, and the cover layers provided can have a weight per unit area of 200-1200 g / m 2 , in particular 400 - have 1000 g / m 2 .
  • the electrically conductive contact means can have metal, in particular aluminum and / or gold and / or copper and / or nickel and / or silver and / or an electrically conductive metallic alloy, as the electrically conductive material.
  • connection means for connection to an electrical circuit can be provided on the electrically conductive contact means.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a switching device designed as a switching mat for an electrical circuit not otherwise shown.
  • the safety mat is designed in particular to be used as an emergency stop switch in an electrical circuit of an emergency stop device.
  • the switching mat has a basic structure with two electrically conductive textile layers 1, 2, which are positioned at a distance from one another and are each connected to a pole of a circuit, and an electrically insulating spacer layer 3 provided between the textile layers.
  • the arrangement is made so that the spacer layer 3 in unloaded initial state of the safety mat (see Figure 1 ) keeps the two electrically conductive textile layers 1, 2 at a distance, so that a circuit connected to the safety mat is interrupted, but the safety mat can be elastically compressed so that the two textile layers 1, 2 come into electrically conductive contact with one another.
  • This operating state of the safety mat which in the Figure 3 is achieved when the safety mat is pressed together locally with a predetermined pressure, and leads to the connected electrical circuit being closed and so in particular an emergency stop function of an emergency stop device is activated.
  • the electrically conductive textile layers 1, 2 are designed as woven or knitted layers and provided with electrically conductive contact means 4, 5, which are positioned on the textile layers 1, 2 in such a way that the contact means 4, 5 of the two textile layers 1, 2 fit together Make electrically conductive contact when the safety mat is in its actuation state.
  • the electrically conductive contact means 4, 5 are designed as electrically conductive threads. Electrically conductive threads can also be provided.
  • the electrically conductive threads of one, here upper textile layer 1, are provided as longitudinal threads and the electrically conductive threads of the other, here lower textile layer 2, are provided as transverse threads, which are threaded into the respective textile layer 1, 2.
  • the electrically conductive threads can also be woven, knitted, braided or sewn into the respective textile layer 1, 2.
  • the electrically conductive threads can also be glued and / or welded and / or melted onto the respective inner surface and / or outer surface of a textile layer 1, 2 facing the opposite textile layer.
  • the electrically conductive threads have a thread diameter of 0.1 to 0.8 mm, in particular 0.2 to 0.6 mm, and are provided with a thread density of 2 to 20 threads / cm.
  • the spacer layer 3 according to the first embodiment Figure 1 has transverse, here perpendicular to the textile layers 1, 2 spacer threads 6 made of electrically non-conductive material, which are rigid and elastic and define open channels / areas 7 between the two textile layers 1, 2 that run perpendicular or essentially perpendicular between them.
  • spacer threads 6 running diagonally to the textile layers 1, 2 can also be provided, as shown in FIG Figure 2 is indicated.
  • the cross-sectional area of the open channels 7 is in the range from 30 to 350 mm 2 .
  • the density of the open channels 7 is 2 to 6 channels / cm 2 and can in particular be 4 channels / cm 2 .
  • the spacer threads 6 of the electrically insulating spacer layer 3 are designed as polymer threads and consist in particular of polyamide and / or polyethylene terephthalate and / or polypropylene.
  • the polymer threads have a diameter of 0.05 to 0.3 mm and a thread density of 50 to 60 threads / cm.
  • the switching mat comprises upper and lower cover layers 8, 9, which are positioned on the outside of the textile layers 1, 2 and serve as protective layers.
  • the cover layers 8, 9 can, for example, have a polymer coating, in particular made of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene and / or polyvinyl chloride and / or polyurethane.
  • the cover layers 8, 9 can also comprise a textile reinforcement, in particular in the form of a woven fabric and / or a knitted fabric and / or a fleece.
  • the thickness of the cover layers 8, 9 is 0.2 to 1 mm and, in the embodiment shown, is 0.4 to 0.8 mm.
  • the weight per unit area of the outer layers is between 200 and 1200 g / m 2 and is in particular 400 to 1000 g / m 2 .
  • the textile layers 1, 2 of the switching mat can be designed differently.
  • the Figures 4 to 9 show textile layers which are provided with relatively large fabric or mesh openings 10 to form textile webs.
  • the spacer threads 6 of the electrically insulating spacer layer 3 extend between the textile webs of the two textile layers 1, 2, so that the open channels 7 of the spacer layer 3 are formed between the fabric or mesh openings 10.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show top views of the outside of an upper textile layer 1 or the inside of the lower textile layer 2 of a switching mat, with longitudinal metal threads 4 in the upper textile layer 1 and transverse metal threads 5 in the lower textile layer 2 as electrically conductive contact means 4, 5 .
  • the arrangement is such that the longitudinal metal thread floats running along the inside of the upper textile layer 1 come into (crossing) contact with the transverse metal thread floats on the inside of the lower textile layer 2 when pressure is applied.
  • the textile layers 1, 2 can, as in the Figures 7 and 8 is shown to be 100% aligned one above the other.
  • electrically conductive contact means 4, 5 different configurations are then available.
  • electrically conductive or electrically conductive threads can be incorporated into the two textile layers 1, 2 as contact means 4, 5, which are provided as longitudinal threads in one textile layer 1 and as transverse threads in the other textile layer 2 and are on the textile webs of the inner surface and / or outer surface of the respective textile layer 1, 2 float.
  • electrically conductive or electrically conductive textile fabrics such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics or nonwovens can be provided as electrically conductive contact means 4, 5, which are applied to the outer surfaces of the two textile layers so that they cover the openings 10 in the textile layers 1, 2.
  • the textile fabrics come into contact with one another through the openings 10 in the textile layers 1, 2 when the switching mat is pressed together in its actuated state.
  • the textile fabrics can be glued and / or welded and / or melted onto the outer surface of the respective textile layer 1, 2.
  • the textile fabrics consist of electrically conductive material such as metal fibers and / or metal threads or have such.
  • the textile fabrics are 0.05 to 0.5 mm thick and have a weight per unit area of 30 to 800 g / m 2 .
  • the textile fabrics can be formed at least partially from polymeric materials with an electrically conductive finish.
  • the textile fabrics have a thickness of 0.08 to 0.25 mm and a weight per unit area of 30 to 120 g / m 2 .
  • an electrically conductive or electrically conductive non-textile coating and / or electrically conductive finish as electrically conductive contact means 4, 5 on the two outer surfaces of the textile layers 1, 2, which cover the openings 10 in the textile layers 1, 2 and come into conductive contact with one another through the openings 10 when the switching mat is compressed in its actuated state.
  • the coating / finishing can be applied to the respective textile layer 1, 2 by painting, plating, spraying, vapor deposition or electroplating.
  • the coatings or finishes have a thickness of 0.001 to 0.05 mm and a weight per unit area of 10 to 1000 g / m 2 .
  • the electrically conductive contact means 4, 5 of the one textile layer 1, 2 can be used as an electrically conductive textile fabric which is provided, in particular laminated, on the outer surface of the textile layer 1, 2, so that it covers the openings 10 in the textile layer 1, 2 , be designed, while the electrically conductive contact means 4, 5 of the other textile layer 1, 2 in the form of an electrically conductive or electrically conductive equipped non-textile coating on the outer surface this textile layer 1, 2 is provided so that it covers the openings 10 in the textile layer 1, 2.
  • the textile layers 1, 2, as in the Figure 9 is shown, offset and positioned only partially in alignment one above the other.
  • electrically conductive contact means 4, 5 there are then different design options.
  • electrically conductive or electrically conductive threads can be incorporated into the textile layer 1 as electrically conductive contact means 4 in the one textile layer 1, which threads float on the textile webs of the inner surface of the textile layer 1.
  • the electrically conductive contact means 5 of the other textile layer 2 can then be designed as electrically conductive flat textile structures which are laminated onto the outer surface of the textile layer 2 so that they cover the openings 10 in the textile layer 2.
  • the electrically conductive or electrically conductive finished threads in the one textile layer 1 come into contact with the electrically conductive flat textile structures through the openings 10 in the other textile layer 2.
  • the one textile layer 1 with electrically conductive or electrically conductive threads as electrically conductive contact means 4, which float on the textile webs of the inner surface of the textile layer 1, and the other textile layer 2 with an electrically conductive or electrically conductive one not textile coating as electrically conductive contact means 5, which is provided on the outer surface of the textile layer 2 so that it covers the openings 10 in the textile layer 2.
  • the electrically conductive or electrically conductive threads of one textile layer 1 come into contact with the electrically conductive or electrically conductive one through the openings 10 of the other textile layer 2 equipped coating when the switching mat is pressed together in its actuation state in order to produce an electrical short circuit between the textile layers 1, 2.
  • the Figures 10 to 12 show further configurations of the textile layers 1, 2, which are provided with relatively small fabric or mesh openings 10.
  • FIGS 11 and 12 show top views of the outside of an upper textile layer 1 and the inside of the lower textile layer 2 of a safety mat, wherein in FIG Figure 11 the textile layers are 100% aligned one above the other, while in Figure 12 the textile layers are offset from one another in such a way that they are not aligned with one another at all.
  • the electrically conductive contact means 4, 5 are possible, with electrically conductive or electrically conductive threads, electrically conductive or electrically conductive textile fabrics and electrically conductive or electrically conductive non-textile coatings or equipment as electrically conductive contact means 4, 5 Can be used.
  • FIG. 8 and 9 show top views of the outside of an upper textile layer 1 and the inside of the lower textile layer 2 of a safety mat, wherein in FIG Figure 11 the textile layers are 100% aligned one above the other, while in Figure 12 the textile layers are offset from one another in such a way that they are not aligned with one another at all.
  • electrically conductive contact means 4, 5 are possible, with electrically conductive or electrically

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  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
EP20171955.6A 2019-06-06 2020-04-29 Dispositif de commutation pour un circuit électrique Withdrawn EP3748657A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202019103191.3U DE202019103191U1 (de) 2019-06-06 2019-06-06 Schalteinrichtung für einen elektrischen Stromkreis

Publications (1)

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EP3748657A1 true EP3748657A1 (fr) 2020-12-09

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20171955.6A Withdrawn EP3748657A1 (fr) 2019-06-06 2020-04-29 Dispositif de commutation pour un circuit électrique

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EP (1) EP3748657A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202019103191U1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2026894A1 (en) * 1970-06-02 1971-12-16 Hedrix H Electric warning device - with a perforated polyurethane foam - layer between two aluminium foils connected to battery
DE8802446U1 (de) * 1988-02-25 1988-05-26 Kromberg & Schubert, 42389 Wuppertal Kraftfahrzeugsitz mit eingebauter Schaltmatte
US20090065344A1 (en) * 2007-09-12 2009-03-12 Atek Products Group Mat system and method therefor
DE102015120369B3 (de) * 2015-11-25 2016-11-03 Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg Trittmatte zum Absichern einer technischen Anlage

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2026894A1 (en) * 1970-06-02 1971-12-16 Hedrix H Electric warning device - with a perforated polyurethane foam - layer between two aluminium foils connected to battery
DE8802446U1 (de) * 1988-02-25 1988-05-26 Kromberg & Schubert, 42389 Wuppertal Kraftfahrzeugsitz mit eingebauter Schaltmatte
US20090065344A1 (en) * 2007-09-12 2009-03-12 Atek Products Group Mat system and method therefor
DE102015120369B3 (de) * 2015-11-25 2016-11-03 Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg Trittmatte zum Absichern einer technischen Anlage

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