EP3746707B1 - Procédé pour la surveillance et le réglage d'une flamme de brûleur d'un brûleur d'appareil de chauffage - Google Patents

Procédé pour la surveillance et le réglage d'une flamme de brûleur d'un brûleur d'appareil de chauffage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3746707B1
EP3746707B1 EP19713741.7A EP19713741A EP3746707B1 EP 3746707 B1 EP3746707 B1 EP 3746707B1 EP 19713741 A EP19713741 A EP 19713741A EP 3746707 B1 EP3746707 B1 EP 3746707B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
flame
ionization
burner flame
monitoring
Prior art date
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Application number
EP19713741.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3746707A1 (fr
Inventor
Hartmut Henrich
Stephan Wald
Volker Kleine
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ebm Papst Landshut GmbH
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Ebm Papst Landshut GmbH
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Publication of EP3746707A1 publication Critical patent/EP3746707A1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
    • F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/24—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements
    • F23N5/242—Preventing development of abnormal or undesired conditions, i.e. safety arrangements using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/02—Starting or ignition cycles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2231/00—Fail safe
    • F23N2231/10—Fail safe for component failures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2241/00—Applications
    • F23N2241/06—Space-heating and heating water

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for monitoring and regulating a burner flame of a heater burner using an ionization electrode in the burner flame, wherein the ionization electrode is positioned in contact with the burner flame, a voltage is passed through a flame amplifier to the ionization electrode via a voltage generator and a voltage from the ionization electrode in the Burner flame measured ionization current is measured by the flame amplifier and transmitted to the control unit.
  • Ionization monitoring of burner flames are basically known from the prior art and use the rectifying effect of a flame to detect the presence of safe combustion.
  • an alternating voltage is usually fed via an amplifier to the ionization electrode, which is in contact with the flame.
  • a direct current flows through the flame, which is measured by the flame amplifier.
  • the flame amplifier is designed in such a way that only the direct current component is evaluated, a possible alternating current component, e.g. due to contact resistance caused by moisture or soot, is filtered out.
  • the control unit evaluates the signal from the flame amplifier for flame monitoring of the burner or to regulate the combustion quality.
  • the flame amplifier can be brought back into the reliable operating range by increasing the ionization voltage, but this has the disadvantage that if the oxidation decreases later, e.g. due to thermal cracks on the electrode surface, the mixture control of the fuel gas-air mixture is reduced deteriorated based on the ionization current.
  • the combustion is controlled according to the so-called SCOT method and the amount of air supplied to the burner of the heater is controlled in accordance with the burner output.
  • a flame signal measurement is carried out by means of an ionization sensor and the fuel gas-air mixture is regulated to a target ionization measurement value stored in a characteristic curve.
  • the disadvantage of the SCOT process is that the flame signal drops sharply at low burner outputs, making the control unreliable.
  • increasing transition resistances, for example by the described Oxidation on the ionization electrode results in small flame signals that make reliable control more difficult or impossible.
  • a high voltage can be used for flame detection or flame monitoring and, after the flame detection, a lower voltage can be used for flame control.
  • This can be done by an ionization control with two voltages that can be switched via a relay or electronically controlled for the flame current control mode and the flame monitoring mode.
  • a high voltage is well suited for monitoring, but delivers poorer results in flame control mode.
  • a low voltage is better in normal operation, but less suitable for monitoring the flame signal.
  • JP S62 252824 discloses a method for monitoring and regulating a burner flame of a burner according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method with which the burner flame of the heater burner is continuously monitored in all operating states using the ionization measurement, without differentiating between the phases of burner start and burner control.
  • a method for monitoring and control is used to solve the problem a burner flame of a burner of a heating device with a control device, in which an ionization electrode is positioned in contact with the burner flame, a voltage is fed to the ionization electrode via a voltage generator via a flame amplifier and an ionization current measured by the ionization electrode in the burner flame is measured and applied by the flame amplifier the control unit is transmitted.
  • the voltage generator supplies the flame amplifier and thus the ionization electrode alternately and continuously with at least two set different voltages during the entire burner operation, ie during the starting process, burner control and shutdown.
  • the at least two ionization currents resulting from the different voltages are measured by the ionization electrode and a resulting difference in the ionization currents is determined.
  • the control unit monitors the burner flame or regulates the burner flame. For this purpose, a comparison value is stored in the control unit, from which level of the ionization current the regulation begins.
  • the invention takes into account that the flame signal, ie the ionization currents measured at the ionization electrode, depends not only on the flame itself, but also on the level, shape and frequency of the ionization voltage. Particularly in those areas in which higher contact resistances are to be found in the flame signal circuit due to changed framework conditions, significantly different ionization currents result with different voltages.
  • An active determination of the phases is avoided by the continuous, cyclical change of the voltages over the entire burner operation.
  • a comparatively simple circuit structure without a changeover relay is also possible.
  • the ionization current can be used to control the burner flame independently of fixed predetermined threshold values and continuously during the entire burner operation, and to monitor it in the case of a large current difference. If the state of the ionization electrode changes during burner operation due to creeping oxidation, this is recognized by a deviation in the ionization currents resulting from the two different voltages. The difference is also used, for example during the start-up process of the burner, to ensure that the burner flame is not regulated if the difference in the ionization currents is too high. The generation of the fuel gas-air mixture is then exclusively controlled by the control unit and not regulated until the difference value falls below a limit value.
  • the two specified different voltages are generated by a switchable voltage generator.
  • the method is characterized in that the voltage generator continuously adjusts a level, frequency and / or shape of the two specified different voltages as a function of a parameter of a quality of the burner flame.
  • the parameter is the burner flame stability, which is reflected in an absolute level of the ionization current.
  • the flame amplifier 3 and the ionization electrode 2 are alternately and continuously supplied with two fixed, differently high ionization voltages 32, 33 in the form of a square-wave voltage via the voltage generator 5.
  • the two ionization currents and the difference 34 of the ionization voltages resulting from the two ionization currents are also measured in an identical cycle over the entire combustion operation certainly.
  • the first ionization voltage 32 the ionization current results in accordance with characteristic curve 21, with the second ionization voltage 32 the ionization current in accordance with characteristic curve 31.
  • the difference 34 between the voltages is initially equal to zero, but increases noticeably in the region of the drop in the ionization current after the start approaches the value zero again as soon as burner 1 has reached a state that is necessary for regulating the burner flame above control limit 26 (see Fig Figure 2 ) suitable is.
  • the ionization current is below the control limit 26 and the difference 34 between the ionization voltages is high, the burner flame is monitored, the formation of the mixture of fuel gas and air being exclusively controlled by the control unit. In the area above the control limit 26, the mixture formation and consequently the burner flame for modulating the heater takes place in the period 35.
  • Figure 3 relates to the starting method of burner 1.
  • the method disclosed can, however, also be used for continuous monitoring of burner operation, since the continual cyclical change in the two voltages 32, 33 results in both a creeping change in the ionization electrode 2, for example due to oxidation, and an acute change of the ionization electrode 2 can be determined, for example, by a spontaneous breakdown of the oxidation layer on the ionization electrode 2 in a changing difference 34 in the ionization current.
  • the control device 7 can adjust the level of the ionization voltages 32, 33 and consequently the level of the ionization currents at any time in order to ensure a continuously safe operation at a consistently high level.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé pour la surveillance et le réglage d'une flamme de brûleur d'un brûleur (1) d'un appareil de chauffage avec un appareil de commande (7), dans lequel une électrode d'ionisation (2) est positionnée en contact avec la flamme de brûleur, une tension est amenée via un amplificateur de flamme (3) à l'électrode d'ionisation (2) par le biais d'un générateur de tension (5) et un courant d'ionisation mesuré dans la flamme de brûleur par l'électrode d'ionisation (2) est mesuré par l'amplificateur de flamme (3) et transmis à l'appareil de commande (7), caractérisé en ce que
    le générateur de tension (5) alimente pendant tout le fonctionnement du brûleur l'amplificateur de flamme (3) et ainsi l'électrode d'ionisation (2) en alternance et en permanence avec au moins deux tensions (32, 33) différentes de façon définie, dans lequel les au moins deux courants d'ionisation en résultant sont mesurés et une différence (34) en résultant des courants d'ionisation est déterminée, dans lequel
    une surveillance de la flamme de brûleur ou un réglage de la flamme de brûleur a lieu en fonction de l'ampleur de la différence (34) des courants d'ionisation par l'appareil de commande (7).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le générateur de tension (5) alimente l'amplificateur de flamme (3) et ainsi l'électrode d'ionisation (2) dans un cycle identique récurrent en alternance et en permanence avec les deux tensions (32, 33) différentes de façon définie.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les tensions (32, 33) différentes se distinguent en niveau, forme et/ou fréquence.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les deux tensions (32, 33) différentes de façon définie sont commutées cycliquement.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la différence (34) respectivement déterminée est comparée avec une valeur de comparaison déposée dans l'appareil de commande (7).
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le réglage de la flamme de brûleur a lieu jusqu'à une valeur limite définie pour l'ampleur de la différence (34) et exclusivement la surveillance de la flamme de brûleur a lieu à partir d'un dépassement de la valeur limite.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un mélange gaz combustible-air amené au brûleur (1) est réglé par l'appareil de commande (7) pendant le réglage de la flamme de brûleur et le mélange gaz combustible-air amené au brûleur (1) est commandé pendant la surveillance de la flamme de brûleur.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le générateur de tension (5) adapte un niveau, une fréquence et/ou forme des deux tensions (32, 33) différentes de façon définie en continu en fonction d'un paramètre d'une qualité de la flamme de brûleur.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que le paramètre est la stabilité de la flamme de brûleur.
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le générateur de tension (5) modifie un niveau, une fréquence et/ou forme des deux tensions (32, 33) de niveau différent de façon définie, lorsque le niveau absolu des courants d'ionisation passe sous une valeur minimum.
EP19713741.7A 2018-07-27 2019-03-21 Procédé pour la surveillance et le réglage d'une flamme de brûleur d'un brûleur d'appareil de chauffage Active EP3746707B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018118288.0A DE102018118288A1 (de) 2018-07-27 2018-07-27 Verfahren zur Überwachung und Regelung einer Brennerflamme eines Heizgerätebrenners
PCT/EP2019/057067 WO2020020494A1 (fr) 2018-07-27 2019-03-21 Procédé pour la surveillance et le réglage d'une flamme de brûleur d'un brûleur d'appareil de chauffage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3746707A1 EP3746707A1 (fr) 2020-12-09
EP3746707B1 true EP3746707B1 (fr) 2021-05-05

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EP (1) EP3746707B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102018118288A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020020494A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021113220A1 (de) 2021-05-21 2022-11-24 Vaillant Gmbh Verfahren zur Überwachung des Betriebes eines Heizgerätes, Heizgerät sowie Computerprogramm und computerlesbares Medium

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019107367A1 (de) * 2019-03-22 2020-09-24 Vaillant Gmbh Verfahren zum Prüfen des Vorhandenseins einer Rückschlagklappe in einer Heizungsanlage
EP4435322A1 (fr) 2023-03-24 2024-09-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Régulation d'un dispositif de combustion

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0745932B2 (ja) * 1986-04-23 1995-05-17 松下電器産業株式会社 炎電流検出装置
DE202005003642U1 (de) * 2005-03-03 2005-05-25 Schütt Labortechnik GmbH Laborgasbrenner
DE102007018122B4 (de) * 2007-04-16 2013-10-17 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Flammenüberwachungsvorrichtung mit einer Spannungserzeugungs- und Messanordnung und Verfahren zum Überwachen eines Brenners mittels der Flammenüberwachungsvorrichtung
DE102010001307B4 (de) * 2010-01-28 2013-12-24 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur auf Ionisationsstrommessung basierenden Flammenerkennung sowie Flammenüberwachungssystem
DE102015222263B3 (de) * 2015-11-11 2017-05-24 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und vorrichtung zur flammensignalerfassung
DE102015222155B4 (de) * 2015-11-11 2019-06-19 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Heizeinheit sowie Heizeinheit und Computerprogrammprodukt zur Ausführung des Steuerverfahrens

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021113220A1 (de) 2021-05-21 2022-11-24 Vaillant Gmbh Verfahren zur Überwachung des Betriebes eines Heizgerätes, Heizgerät sowie Computerprogramm und computerlesbares Medium

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WO2020020494A1 (fr) 2020-01-30
EP3746707A1 (fr) 2020-12-09
DE102018118288A1 (de) 2020-01-30

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