EP3739141B1 - Insulated wall element - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a wall component with a concrete inner shell, an insulating layer arranged at a distance and parallel to the inner shell and an outer shell resting against the insulating layer.

Insulated wall components of this type are known from use. The inner and outer shells of these known wall components are connected by lattice girders or bolts that are partially embedded in the shells and pass through the insulation layer, in particular bolts made of glass fiber reinforced plastic.

Also the EP 1 482 101 A1 , the DE 10 2015 110 863 A1 and the GB 2 460 720 A show insulated wall building elements.

The present invention creates a new wall component of the type mentioned at the beginning, which is characterized in that the outer shell is connected to the insulation layer as an attachment shell via pieces of fabric or film partially embedded in the attachment shell.

According to the invention, the insulation layer has a supporting function in this wall component. In contrast to the state of the Technology, the outer shell, which is designed as a facing shell and is connected to the insulation layer via possibly flexible pieces of material, assumes no or only small loads.

The facing shell is preferably a cast concrete shell or a layer of plaster, possibly 10 cm thick, applied to the insulation layer.

Preferably, a fabric layer, in particular a textile fabric layer, parallel to the wall plane is embedded in the facing shell as reinforcement. In addition to concrete and plaster, mineral foam can also be considered as a material for the facing shell. When producing the insulation layer from foam concrete or mineral foam, a reinforcement layer, preferably in the form of a fabric layer, can also be introduced into the insulation layer, preferably as a plaster layer when producing the facing layer.

At least two pieces of fabric or film are preferably provided at least in an upper region of the facing shell.

Preferably, the pieces of fabric or film can each be clamped in the insulation layer by a wedge-shaped insert piece which forms part of the insulation layer.

Preferably, projections projecting from the insulation layer also engage in the facing shell, with which the facing shell can additionally be connected.

These projections can be formed by elements connecting the concrete inner shell to the insulation layer, in particular extensions of connecting bolts.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the connecting elements have an expansion that extends behind the insulation layer to transfer the pressure of in-situ concrete that can be filled between the inner shell and the insulation layer. The expansions of these connecting elements, preferably connecting bolts, which are preferably made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, are expediently designed like a plate. After the in-situ concrete has been softened, the insulation layer is prestressed against the in-situ concrete by the connecting elements, since the tensile stress of the connecting elements is partially retained after the in-situ concrete has been softened. This increases the static friction of the insulation layer on the in-situ concrete and correspondingly increases the load-bearing capacity of the insulation layer for the facing layer.

Fig. 1

einen Teil eines Wandbauelements nach der Erfindung in einem vertikalen Schnitt, und

Fig. 2

einen Teil des Wandbauelements von Fig. 1 in einer Seitenansicht.

The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment and the accompanying drawings relating to this exemplary embodiment. Show it:

Fig. 1

a part of a wall component according to the invention in a vertical section, and

Fig. 2

part of the wall component Fig. 1 in a side view.

A prefabricated, preferably floor-high wall component 15 with a horizontal length of, for example, 4 m has a concrete inner shell 1, an insulation layer 2 arranged at a distance from the plate-shaped concrete inner shell, and an outer shell 3 as a facing shell resting against the insulation layer. In the example shown, the thickness of the inner shell 1 is 4.5 cm, the insulation layer 2 is 10 cm and the thickness of the outer shell 3 is 2 cm. The distance between the concrete inner shell 1 and the insulation layer 2 is 7 cm. Core concrete can be filled into the gap 4 formed on site.

The connection between the plate parts 1 to 3 of the component is provided by bolts arranged in a grid, of which are shown in the partial representation of Fig. 1 a bolt 5 is visible. In the example shown, the bolts 5 are made of glass fiber reinforced Plastic, especially glass fiber reinforced polyamide. How Fig. 1 can also be seen, the bolts 5 are embedded with one end at 6 in the concrete of the inner shell 1 and engage behind the insulation layer 2 with a plate-shaped expansion 7. An end section 8 of the bolts 5 protruding beyond the plate-shaped expansion 7 projects into the outer shell 3 into it. In the example, 4 to 6 such bolts 5 are provided per square meter.

A fabric layer 9 parallel to the plate plane is embedded as reinforcement in the concrete or plaster of the outer shell or facing shell 3, which in the example shown is formed by textile fabric. The fabric layer 9 could also be, for example, a plaster base or screed mat made of stainless steel.

According to Fig. 2 Pieces of fabric 10 with an end section are also embedded in the outer shell 3, the pieces of fabric forming a connecting tab for connecting the outer shell 3 to the insulation 2.

The pieces of fabric 10 each protrude accordingly Fig. 1 into a slot 11 crossing the insulation layer 2 and preferably with an end section 12 beyond the slot 11 into the gap 4 that can be filled with core concrete. In the example shown, the slot 11 is delimited by a wedge-shaped insert 13, which forms part of the insulation layer 2 and can be inserted into the insulation layer 2 in the direction of an arrow 14 while clamping the piece of fabric 10 with the insulation layer 2. It is understood that the pressure resistance of the insert 13 can differ from the pressure resistance of the remaining insulation layer 2.

The insulation layer 2 is a load-bearing insulation layer that gives the component at least sufficient strength for transport to the construction site and also for holding the facing shell 3 together with the bolts 5 be able to. In the vertical orientation of the component according to the installation position, the attachment shell 3 is connected on the one hand to the end sections 8 of the bolts 5 embedded therein, while on the other hand, both a vertical load is absorbed via the fabric pieces 10 and a compressive force is generated perpendicular to the plane of the plate, drawing the attachment shell 3 against the insulation layer 2 becomes.

The end section 8 can advantageously absorb wind suction forces and prevent the facing shell from opening up in the event of larger temperature gradients. It expediently has a profiling. Furthermore, the end section 8 can absorb holding forces that occur when the hardened facing concrete is lifted from a formwork mold. Furthermore, the end section 8 can absorb holding forces that occur when the facing shell is lifted out of the formwork mold.

In the installed state of the wall component 15, the clamped pieces of fabric 10 are further fixed into the solidified core concrete by the embedded end section 12. The plate-shaped expansions 7 that engage behind the insulation layer 2 advantageously counteract the concrete pressure of the core concrete.

To produce the wall component 15 described above, the insulation layer 2 is first prefabricated with the bolts 5 inserted into passages in the insulation layer and, in a next production step, placed on the still liquid concrete of the poured facing shell 3 after the fabric layer 9 and some of the fabric pieces 10 are in place Concrete of the facing shell 3 has been embedded. In a further step, the fabric pieces 10 are then clamped in the insulation layer 2 using an insert 13.

After the facing shell 3 has hardened, the insulation layer and facing shell are inserted with the ends of the bolts 5 first into the still liquid concrete of the poured inner shell 1.

It goes without saying that the facing shell 3 can be profiled for better adhesion to the insulation layer 2. If the adhesion is good, end sections 8 of the bolts 5 protruding into the facing shell 3 can then possibly be dispensed with.

Deviating from the exemplary embodiment described above, the insert 13 could be omitted and only the slots 11 accommodating the fabric pieces 10 could be formed in the insulation layer 2.

The fabric pieces 10 can be made of the same material as the fabric layer 9 forming reinforcement or can be made of a different material. It is understood that pieces of fabric or film only mean pieces of material that are extended in the manner of fabric or film, e.g. textile-like reinforcement grids or angled, less flexible screed grids made of round stainless steel rods. The grid can also consist of two parallel and spaced individual bars, which are connected by short crossing crossbars to form a narrow grid.

In one embodiment, the fabric piece 10 could extend into the inner shell 1, in which case the insert piece 13 would also reach up to the inner shell 1. During transport and assembly, the wall component could be hung over such a piece of fabric, for example on a crane hook.

Reference symbol:

1

Inner shell, concrete inner shell

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insulation layer

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Outer shell

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space

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bolt

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End (of the bolt, in the inner shell 1)

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Plate-shaped expansion

8th

End section (of the bolt, in the outer shell 3)

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fabric layer

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piece of tissue

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slot

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End section (of the piece of fabric, in space 4)

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Wedge-shaped insert

14

Direction (for inserting the insert 13)

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Wall component

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Claims (13)

1. Wall element,

   having a concrete inner shell (1),

   an insulating layer (2) arranged at a distance from the concrete inner shell (1) and an outer shell (3) arranged against the insulating layer (2), characterised in that the outer shell (3) is connected to the insulating layer (2) as a facing shell by means of woven or foil elements (10) that are partly embedded in the outer shell (3).
2. Wall element in accordance with claim 1, characterised in
   that a woven layer (9), in particular a woven textile layer, plaster mat or screed mat that is arranged parallel to the plane of the wall is embedded in the facing shell (3) or insulating layer (2) as reinforcement.
3. Wall element in accordance with claim 1 or 2, characterised in
   that at least two woven or foil elements (10) are provided for in at least one upper section of the wall element (15).
4. Wall element in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the woven or foil elements (10) extend obliquely across the plane of the wall into a slit (11) in the insulating layer (2).
5. Wall element in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the woven or foil elements (10) are fastened firmly in the insulating layer (2) by means of a wedge-shaped insert (13) that forms a component part of the insulating layer (2) and may, if required, have properties in respect of compressive strength that differ from those of the remainder of the insulating layer (2).
6. Wall element in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the woven element (10) extends beyond the insulating layer (2) into an intermediate cavity (4) in the wall element (15) that is to be filled with core concrete and that the woven element (10) may, if necessary, be partly embedded shallowly in or deep inside the concrete inner shell (1).
7. Wall element in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that projecting elements (8) that further protrude from the insulating layer (2) are bonded into the outer shell (3).
8. Wall element in accordance with claim 7, characterised in
   that the projecting elements (8) are formed by elements, particularly by extensions of connecting pins (5), that connect the concrete inner shell (1) to the insulating layer (2).
9. Wall element in accordance with claim 8, characterised in
   that the connecting elements (5) incorporate a widened element (7), particularly a plate-shaped widened element, that engages behind the insulating layer (2) so as to distribute pressure exerted by the core concrete.
10. Wall element in accordance with claim 8 or 9, characterised in
    that the connecting elements (5) are made from glass-fibre-reinforced plastic.
11. Wall element in accordance with any one of claims 7 to 10, characterised in that the projecting elements (8) are embedded in a protruding part of the outer shell (3) that extends into the insulating layer (2).
12. Wall element in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the face shell (3) is manufactured as a concrete shell or plaster layer.
13. Wall element in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the insulating layer (2) is made from mineral foam.

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