EP3733476A1 - Waggon eines schienenfahrzeugs - Google Patents

Waggon eines schienenfahrzeugs Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3733476A1
EP3733476A1 EP20160399.0A EP20160399A EP3733476A1 EP 3733476 A1 EP3733476 A1 EP 3733476A1 EP 20160399 A EP20160399 A EP 20160399A EP 3733476 A1 EP3733476 A1 EP 3733476A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ballast
receiving
slide
frame
space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20160399.0A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3733476B1 (de
Inventor
Thibault VANDAMME
Bruno CHIARANDINI
Arnaud HEIDET
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
Original Assignee
Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Transport Technologies SAS filed Critical Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
Publication of EP3733476A1 publication Critical patent/EP3733476A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3733476B1 publication Critical patent/EP3733476B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B12/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups B61B7/00 - B61B11/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
    • B61C15/00—Maintaining or augmenting the starting or braking power by auxiliary devices and measures; Preventing wheel slippage; Controlling distribution of tractive effort between driving wheels
    • B61C15/04—Maintaining or augmenting the starting or braking power by auxiliary devices and measures; Preventing wheel slippage; Controlling distribution of tractive effort between driving wheels by controlling wheel pressure, e.g. by movable weights or heavy parts or by magnetic devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rail vehicle car.
  • a rail vehicle may exhibit a lack of adhesion to the track on which it is traveling. In traction, this results in the vehicle slipping on the track, complicating the acceleration of the vehicle. When braking, this results in the vehicle stalling on the track, and a greater braking distance. These two phenomena are not desirable.
  • the object of the invention is in particular to improve the grip of such a rail vehicle car, in a simple and rapid manner.
  • the invention relates in particular to a rail vehicle car comprising at least one chassis, characterized in that the chassis defines, as a sub-chassis, at least one space for receiving a ballast, the space of reception comprising a sheath, and the ballast comprising a slide, the sleeve and the slide being complementary so that the sleeve is configured to receive the slide of the ballast.
  • the invention also relates to an assembly comprising a rail vehicle car according to the invention and at least one ballast having a slide complementary to the sleeve of the space for receiving the ballast, in which the slide of the ballast is received in the sleeve of the ballast. ballast reception area.
  • the method comprises the use of a forklift to introduce the ballast slide inside the sheath of the ballast reception space.
  • an assembly 10 comprising a car 12 of a railway vehicle and four ballasts 14, 15.
  • Car 12 is suitable for traveling on a railway track (not shown).
  • the car 12 is a power unit.
  • the car 12 comprises a chassis 16.
  • the chassis 16 extends between two longitudinal ends 18, 19 in a main longitudinal direction L.
  • the frame 16 is for example made of metal.
  • Car 12 shown on figure 1 comprises two bogies 20.
  • Each bogie 20 is arranged in a sub-frame near a longitudinal end 18, 19 of the frame 16.
  • Each bogie has wheels 21.
  • the frame 16 defines, in a sub-frame, at least one space 22, 23 for receiving a ballast 14, 15.
  • the frame defines four spaces 22, 23, each suitable for receiving a respective ballast 14,15. Two of these spaces 22, 23 are visible on the Figure 1 .
  • the four spaces 22, 23 are identical.
  • the four spaces 22, 23 for receiving a ballast 14, 15 are arranged between the two bogies 20.
  • the four spaces 22, 23 are arranged two by two on either side of a longitudinal center line separating the frame 16 into two longitudinal halves.
  • the four spaces 22, 23 are arranged in pairs symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal center line.
  • two spaces 22, 23 of the same longitudinal half are separated by a distance along the longitudinal direction L of between 0 and 5 meters.
  • two spaces 22 symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal center line are separated by a distance between 0 and 3 meters.
  • the frame delimits two spaces 22, 23, each suitable for receiving a respective ballast 14, 15.
  • receiving space 22, 23 An example of receiving space 22, 23 is shown in more detail on the figure 2 . As indicated above, the reception spaces 22, 23 being similar, only one of them will be described in detail below.
  • each receiving space 22, 23 comprises a sheath 24.
  • Sheath 24 typically has two pairs of L-shaped support members 26, two of a pair of support members 26 facing each other and being symmetrical with respect to a main direction of the sleeve, so that each pair of support elements 26 defines a space for receiving a slide 28.
  • the sheath 24 is for example made of metal.
  • the sleeve 24 is made of the same material as the frame 16.
  • the sleeve 24 is configured to receive a ballast 14,15.
  • the ballast 14,15 comprises the slide 28 intended to be received in the reception space.
  • the sleeve 24 and the slide 28 are complementary.
  • the slide 28 of the ballast 14,15 is then received in the sleeve 24.
  • the slide 28 is typically a T-shaped section whose branches bear on the support elements 26 of the sleeve 24.
  • each ballast 14,15 When it is received in a space 22, each ballast 14,15 has for example, under the slide 28, a generally trapezoidal shape of constant thickness and forming three substantially right angles.
  • substantially right angle it is understood that the angle has a value between 85 ° and 95 °.
  • the ballast 14,15 has any other suitable shape.
  • Each ballast 14,15 is for example made of metal, for example steel.
  • the ballast (s) 14, 15 have a total cumulative mass of between 5000 kg and 7000 kg.
  • the ballast (s) 14, 15 have a cumulative total mass of between 5950 kg and 6050 kg.
  • each of the four ballasts 14,15 has a mass of between 1250 kg and 1750 kg, preferably equal to 1500 kg.
  • the ballast 14,15 is fixed to the frame 16, and in particular fixed to the support elements 26, by fixing means 30 comprising screws and nuts.
  • the step of introducing the slide 28 of each ballast 14,15 inside the sleeve 24 of each space 22,23 for receiving a respective ballast 14.15 is repeated as many times as necessary depending on the number of ballast 14.15 desired.
  • the method comprises the use of a forklift to introduce the slide 28 of the ballast 14,15 inside the sleeve 24 of the space 22,23 for receiving the ballast 14,15.
  • Each ballast 14,15 is then fixed to the frame 16 by the fixing means 30.
  • the installation of a plurality of weights on the car 12 is therefore simple and rapid, and can thus last less than an hour.
  • the means 30 for fixing the ballast 14,15 to the frame 16 are first removed.
  • the slide 28 of the ballast 14,15 is slid out of the sleeve 24 in order to remove the ballast 14,15 from the receiving space 22,23.
  • a forklift is used to remove the ballast 14,15 from the receiving space 22,23.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
EP20160399.0A 2019-03-04 2020-03-02 Anordnung mit einem waggon eines schienenfahrzeugs und mindestens einem ballast Active EP3733476B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1902185A FR3093491B1 (fr) 2019-03-04 2019-03-04 Voiture de véhicule ferroviaire

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3733476A1 true EP3733476A1 (de) 2020-11-04
EP3733476B1 EP3733476B1 (de) 2022-07-13

Family

ID=67441314

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20160399.0A Active EP3733476B1 (de) 2019-03-04 2020-03-02 Anordnung mit einem waggon eines schienenfahrzeugs und mindestens einem ballast

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3733476B1 (de)
CN (1) CN111645706A (de)
FR (1) FR3093491B1 (de)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1835673A (en) * 1930-01-17 1931-12-08 Gen Steel Castings Corp Cab underframe
DE1455141B1 (de) * 1964-10-31 1969-09-11 Krauss Maffei Ag Rahmen für Lokomotiven
DE102017214140A1 (de) * 2017-08-14 2019-02-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ballastanordnung für ein Schienenfahrzeug und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Ballastvorrichtung

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1835673A (en) * 1930-01-17 1931-12-08 Gen Steel Castings Corp Cab underframe
DE1455141B1 (de) * 1964-10-31 1969-09-11 Krauss Maffei Ag Rahmen für Lokomotiven
DE102017214140A1 (de) * 2017-08-14 2019-02-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ballastanordnung für ein Schienenfahrzeug und Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Ballastvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3093491A1 (fr) 2020-09-11
FR3093491B1 (fr) 2021-03-19
EP3733476B1 (de) 2022-07-13
CN111645706A (zh) 2020-09-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
FR2511961A1 (fr) Suspension primaire pour vehicule ferroviaire
EP1826092A1 (de) Radsatz für ein Niederflur-Schienenfahrzeug und Drehgestell und Schienenfahrzeug, die einen solchen Radsatz enthalten
FR3064238A1 (fr) Bogie de vehicule ferroviaire comprenant des essieux fixes rigidement au chassis du bogie
EP3733476B1 (de) Anordnung mit einem waggon eines schienenfahrzeugs und mindestens einem ballast
EP2307617A1 (de) Ausdehnungsvorrichtung für eine führungsschiene
EP2133258A1 (de) System zur Wiederherstellung des Drucks auf den unteren Teil des Hecks eines Fahrzeugs
CA2484766C (fr) Roue de vehicule ferroviaire, et bogie de vehicule ferroviaire correspondant
FR2887217A1 (fr) Structure de support d'un pavillon de vehicule automobile
EP3222486B1 (de) Schienenfahrzeugdrehgestell, das ein abgesenktes fahrgestell umfasst
EP1068396B1 (de) Tragvorrichtung für eisenbahnschienen
CA2864452C (fr) Voie ferree, vehicule ferroviaire pour circuler sur la voie ferree et ensemble comprenant la voie ferree et le vehicule ferroviaire
EP3257703B1 (de) Transportfahrzeug für reisende, das eine aufgehängte sitzvorrichtung umfasst
EP1895052A1 (de) Tragwerk mit reduziertem Schwingungsniveau für Gleisanlage
EP3299659B1 (de) Optimiertes drehgestell für schienenfahrzeug, insbesondere strassenbahn
WO2016046461A1 (fr) Travée de voie aérienne de transport guidé et viaduc formé par de telles travées
FR3055873A1 (fr) Voiture de restauration a deux niveaux pour vehicule ferroviaire
EP1118711B1 (de) Gleisschienenstützeinrichtung
FR2780739A1 (fr) Rail de guidage pour un ensemble de guidage a galets inclines d'un vehicule routier
FR3022626A1 (fr) Systeme de mesure de charge d'un vehicule ferroviaire, voie ferroviaire equipee d'un tel systeme et procede de mesure de charge d'un vehicule ferroviaire
FR3070355A1 (fr) Dispositif de remorquage ferroviaire
EP1958845B1 (de) Schienenfahrzeug für Reisende und entsprechender Zug für den Transport von Reisenden
KABIKA et al. L’intégration de la RDC dans la Zone de libre-échange continentale africaine et son impact sur la jeunesse Congolaise (cas de la ville de Bukavu)
BE1010926A6 (fr) Contacteur de type crocodile pour voies ferrees.
EP1954511B1 (de) Kleinlok zum schienentransport für strukturell verschiedenen führungs- und zugbetrieb
EP1067034B1 (de) Rollende Eisenbahn - Vorrichtung, insbesondere für den Transport von Strassenfahrzeugen

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20201023

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: B61B 12/00 20060101ALI20220124BHEP

Ipc: B61C 15/04 20060101AFI20220124BHEP

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20220215

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602020003939

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1504135

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20220815

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG9D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20220713

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220713

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220713

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221114

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221013

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220713

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220713

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220713

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220713

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220713

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 1504135

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20220713

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220713

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221113

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220713

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20221014

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602020003939

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220713

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220713

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220713

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220713

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220713

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220713

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220713

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20230414

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220713

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20230401

Year of fee payment: 4

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220713

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230823

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220713

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20230331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230302

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20220713

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230302

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20230331

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20240320

Year of fee payment: 5