EP3733369B1 - Vorrichtung zum zuführen mindestens einer pulverförmigen substanz, insbesondere für pressen zur herstellung von keramikteilen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zum zuführen mindestens einer pulverförmigen substanz, insbesondere für pressen zur herstellung von keramikteilen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3733369B1
EP3733369B1 EP18897198.0A EP18897198A EP3733369B1 EP 3733369 B1 EP3733369 B1 EP 3733369B1 EP 18897198 A EP18897198 A EP 18897198A EP 3733369 B1 EP3733369 B1 EP 3733369B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
receiving element
powdery substance
elements
alveolos
stage
Prior art date
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Application number
EP18897198.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3733369A4 (de
EP3733369A1 (de
Inventor
Agustin Poyatos Mora
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Macer SL
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Macer SL
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Publication of EP3733369A4 publication Critical patent/EP3733369A4/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/026—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo by using a movable hopper transferring the moulding material to the moulding cavities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/023—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo by using a feed box transferring the moulding material from a hopper to the moulding cavities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/04—Discharging the shaped articles
    • B28B13/06—Removing the shaped articles from moulds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of devices for supplying and distributing powdery substances for the manufacture of flat ceramic articles such as cladding tiles and paving tiles that require forming in presses of the raw material that composes them.
  • the powdery substance is stored externally and it is necessary to supply and distribute it uniformly on the matrix provided with housings or receiving cells (alveolos) for the female molds of the press.
  • a filling hopper is usually used for the device for supplying and distributing the powdery substance, which comprises at least one mobile trolley or conveyor provided with a supporting frame and various crossbars or projections to serve as a support and displace on the mold matrix what is usually called a grill (due to its similarity to said utensil), and various elements that are used in the process of manufacturing and obtaining the cake (bizcocho), such as, for example, and in addition, one or more scrapers, combs or blades that serve as elements of trailing excess powdery substance that may remain on the surface of the female mold, and/or a pusher that in the prior position with respect to the grill with respect to a direction of advance horizontally pushes a previously shaped sponge cake (bizcocho) out of the area of the cell (alveolos) in which it has been pressed, leaving the latter free to receive a new charge of powdery substance.
  • a grill due to its similarity to said utensil
  • the aforementioned grill essentially consists of a perimeter frame in whose internal area a grid of various shapes (linear parallel, grill%) is arranged with substantially the same or less height or thickness than that of said perimeter frame.
  • This grill is incorporated into the mobile trolley or conveyor superiorly and by means of various coupling or connection means, generally by means of clamps or claws with an inverted "U” shape, in such a way that the grill is held by gravity and removably fixed to the frame bearing.
  • the grill and the conveyor carriage are positioned horizontally and superiorly in an area immediately prior to the location of the first of the cavities (alveolos) of the matrix of the female mold, and in said position the externally stored powdery substance is deposited and loaded on the grill; the lower part of the grill is completely supported and flushed with the upper surface of the matrix of the female mold, with a generally flat finish or elements or preferably in an inverted "L" shape, called scrapers, among others denominations, of a resistant material and suitable to withstand abrasion and friction inevitably derived from friction and sliding between surfaces in direct contact.
  • the transporting carriage begins to move and advance horizontally in a direction towards and over the location of all the cells (alveolos) in the matrix of the female mold, in such a way that it positions the grill completely on said cells (alveolos), whose compaction punch bottom is in a raised position and flush with the surface of the female mold.
  • the lower compacting punch descends allowing the entry of the powdery substance by gravity into the corresponding cells (alveolos).
  • the transport trolley In a third stage, and with the load supplied to the cells (alveolos), the transport trolley begins a horizontal movement of recoil to its initial position, during which there is a withdrawal by drag of the excess of powdery substance deposited in the previous phase on the cells (alveolos) and protruding from its top edge.
  • This stage ends with the arrival of the transporter car and the grill to the initial starting position in the first stage.
  • the supply and distribution of the powdery substance is carried out by dragging the mobile trolley or conveyor that moves the loaded grill to the mold matrix and the mere action of gravity on said substance that is deposited in a single phase and in a joint on the entire surface of all the alveolos, and a subsequent movement of drag and sweep of the mobile carriage on the mold matrix.
  • IT 12 38 782 B comprises a receiving element which is removable and immovable in the inside of the rack or the external perimetral support frame.
  • This prior art document fails to disclose that the receiving element is higher than the thickness or height of the rack. It also fails to disclose specified coupling platens.
  • JP 2000 20202816 A discloses a device of at least one powdery substance in accordance with the preamble of claim 1, which however does not comprise coupling platens of a receiving element.
  • the object of the present invention is to facilitate the mounting of a variety of different sizes, overcoming the drawbacks of the state of the art detailed above, by means of a device for supplying at least one powdery substance, for presses for forming ceramic pieces, in accordance with claim 1, which dispenses with the conventional grill and replaces it by means that allow a progressive supply and gradual distribution of the powdery substance by means of a continuous flow by curtain in the cells (alveolos) during the entire second stage referred to above and with the additional difference that instead of what is referred to with the conventional procedure in said second stage; according to the invention, the lower compaction punches are in a rest position from the beginning of the second stage, leaving the alveolos exposed to receive the powdery substance in conformity and since the transporting carriage and the device object of the invention start the advance in the second stage, and throughout the entire horizontal displacement phase of it.
  • the device being the object of the invention is intended to be used in presses for shaping ceramic pieces that comprise at least one mobile carriage or a conveyor provided with a supporting frame and various crossbars or projections to serve as a support and to displace on the matrix of the lower female mold (19); the device itself object of the present invention and other additional elements.
  • the device for supplying at least one powdery substance, particularly presses for shaping ceramic pieces comprises a frame/rack (1) or an external perimetral frame which serves for support of various elements inside, which are used in the process of manufacturing and obtaining the sponge cake (bizcocho), such as, for example, and additionally, one or more scrapers, combs or blades that serve as drag elements for excess powdery substance that may remain on the surface of the lower female mold (19), and/or a pusher that in the anterior position with respect to the grill with respect to a direction of advance (A) of the device during its operation in the forming press.
  • a frame/rack (1) or an external perimetral frame which serves for support of various elements inside, which are used in the process of manufacturing and obtaining the sponge cake (bizcocho), such as, for example, and additionally, one or more scrapers, combs or blades that serve as drag elements for excess powdery substance that may remain on the surface of the lower female mold (19), and/or a pusher that in the anterior position with respect to the grill with respect to a
  • progressive discharge means of at least one powdery substance configured in one or more receptacles (2), four in the embodiment shown in Figure 1 , which have an upper outlet (4) with a substantially rectangular area, a lower outlet (5) whose surface is smaller than that of the outlet (4), an inverted truncated-pyramidal shape, and a height greater than the thickness or height of the frame (1).
  • Said receptacle (2) or receptacles is / are removable according to the embodiment shown in the figures.
  • connection means such as external ribs on its lower external part, in correspondence with grooves in some coupling platens (6) arranged inside the frame (1).
  • Said coupling platens (6) in turn can have means for locking and unlocking their position and are horizontally movable on the inside of the frame (1) in order to be able to locate the receptacle (2) in different positions and enable, for example the use and parallel adjustment of several receptacles with different sizes of the outlet (4).
  • the frame (1) comprises coupling means to an external conveyor element that displaces the device object of the invention in the forming press, which can be configured as shown in Figures 1 and 2 in the form of claws or shaped clamps in the form of an inverted "U" in various locations of said exterior of said frame (1).
  • the frame (1) internally includes coupling plates (6) for the receptacle (2), additional fastening means for scraper elements (11) arranged inside the frame (1) and in a position posterior to the receptacle or receptacles in a forward direction (A), to reinforce the sweep and removal of powdery substance left over during the operation procedure of the device in the forming press, as well as upper closure or cover elements (13) intended to prevent the undesired or accidental entry of powdery substance in certain areas of the device object of the invention.
  • the device object of the invention may comprise one or more longitudinal strips (3) in the outlet (4) of the receptacle (2), which are removably fixed in respective grooves (14) made in the upper ends of the outlet (4), and contribute to a better distribution of the powdery substance inside the receptacle (2).
  • said strips (3) can be immobilized to each other by a passage element (15) that interconnects them with each other and immobilizes them in the body of the receptacle by means of threaded fastening elements that fix the through element (15) on the outside of the sides of the outlet (4) of the receptacle (2), to prevent the accidental exit of the strips (3) from the grooves (14) and also keep them equidistant from each other in their central area, for which the passing element at the same time it can incorporate intermediate spacer elements with a larger section or diameter than the connection through holes, in such a way that they keep the strips (3) in the same position relative to each other despite the forces that may affect them during the procedure of operation of the device in the forming press.
  • the device being the object of the invention according to the embodiment shown in Figure 3 , incorporates in the lower outlet (5) of the receptacle (2) scraper perimeter elements (10), some or all of which have a section in the form of an inverted "L” or “V”; they comprise a material capable of supporting friction and serve the purpose of adjusting and closing the perimeter of said outlet (5) with the surface of the lower female mold (19); said scrapers (10) comprise a platen (12) preferably removable to facilitate replacement by wear, to which the aforementioned material capable of withstanding friction, the material including, for example, polymers, is solidly attached.
  • scraper perimeter elements 10
  • said scrapers (10) comprise a platen (12) preferably removable to facilitate replacement by wear, to which the aforementioned material capable of withstanding friction, the material including, for example, polymers, is solidly attached.
  • the device being the object of the invention comprises a pusher element (9) with a depth equal to or greater than that of the frame (1), located outside said frame (1) and in an anterior position with respect to a direction of advance (A).
  • Said pusher (9) presents frontally at its free end at least one longitudinal linear element (23) whose purpose is to move successively the compacted parts or already formed cakes (bizcocho) out of the forming press, once each third stage of the operation of the device according to the invention in the forming press ends, for which, once said third stage has been completed, the lower compacting punches rise to expose said compacted pieces or bizcocho to an advance of the device during an initial phase of the second stage, and then descend for the phase of supply and distribution of powdery substance to the alveoli/cells (22) that takes place during said second stage progressively as the device advances over each part of the cavity of the alveolos (22).
  • the device object of the invention whose embodiment is shown in figure 6 is fed from a filling hopper (17) that pours onto it from an external storage at least one powdery substance, and once loaded on the device this begins its advance in a forming press comprising a lower bed (20) and an upper press cross (21), penetrating molds made up of two semi-molds, an upper male (18) provided with a plurality of upper compacting punches, and another lower female (19) with a matrix of housings or alveolos (22), also provided with a plurality of lower compacting punches, in which the device being the object of the invention supplies and distributes at least one powdery substance, starting from of which, through the subsequent pressing action of the punches, compact pieces of the material called sponge cake (bizcocho) are formed, which are subsequently subjected to treatments such as enamelling, decoration and firing to obtain finished ceramic articles.
  • a filling hopper (17) that pours onto it from an external storage at least one powdery substance
  • the present invention overcomes the drawbacks of the state of the art referred to above and provides an evolutionary alternative by means of an improved device.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Ceramic Capacitors (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Vorrichtung zum Zuführen mindestens einer pulverförmigen Substanz für Pressen zur Formgebung von keramischen Stücken, des Typs, der mindestens ein Gestell (1) oder eine äußere perimetrische Halterung umfasst, die Folgendes umfasst
    - Mittel zur progressiven Entladung von mindestens einer pulverförmigen Substanz;
    - wobei die Mittel zum fortschreitenden Austragen mindestens einer pulverförmigen Substanz mindestens ein Aufnahmeelement (2) mit einem oberen Auslass (4) und mit einem unteren Auslass (5) umfassen;
    - wobei der obere Auslass (4) und der untere Auslass (5) des Aufnahmeelements (2) eine im Wesentlichen rechteckige Fläche aufweisen;
    - wobei der obere Auslass (4) des Aufnahmeelements (2) eine Fläche aufweist, die größer ist als die des unteren Auslasses (5);
    - wobei das Aufnahmeelement (2) eine Höhe zwischen 40 und 150 mm hat und höher ist als die Dicke oder Höhe des Gestells (1);
    - wobei das Aufnahmeelement (2) eine Form aufweist, die im Wesentlichen eine umgekehrte Kegelstumpfform ist;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    - das Aufnahmeelement (2) im Inneren des Gestells (1) oder des äußeren umlaufenden Tragrahmens abnehmbar und unbeweglich ist;
    - im Innenteil des Gestells (1) oder des äußeren perimetralen Tragrahmens Kupplungsplatten (6) für das Aufnahmeelement (2) angeordnet sind,
    - die Kupplungsplatten (6) für das Aufnahmeelement (2) Nuten (14) aufweisen, die den Rippen (7) an der Außenseite des Aufnahmeelements (2) entsprechen
    - die Kupplungsplatten (6) für das Aufnahmeelement (2) horizontal verschiebbar sind und Blockiermittel und Entblockiermittel (8) für ihre Befestigung an jedem Punkt des horizontalen Bereichs, in dem sie verschoben werden, aufweisen.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der obere Auslass (4) des Aufnahmeelements (2) einen oder mehrere lineare Längsstreifen (3) umfasst, die im oberen Auslass (4) des Aufnahmeelements (2) abnehmbar und unbeweglich sind, wobei der oder die abnehmbaren Streifen (3) mittels Nuten (14) in Endpositionen des oberen Auslasses (4) des Aufnahmeelements (2) befestigt sind, die abnehmbare(n) Leiste(n) (3) mittels eines Durchgangselements (15), das die genannte(n) Leiste(n) mit Seitenelementen des oberen Auslasses (4) des Aufnahmeelements (2) verbindet, unbeweglich gemacht werden, der untere Auslass (5) des Aufnahmeelements (2) unten perimetrale Abstreifelemente (10) aufweist, die aus einem Material bestehen, das eine Reibung unterstützen kann, mindestens ein perimetrales Abstreifelement (10) eine Platte (12) umfasst.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Material, das eine Reibung tragen kann, gemeinsam an der Platte (12) befestigt ist.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Material, aus dem das Element oder die Abstreifelemente (10) bestehen, ein Polymer ist.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Element oder die Abstreifelemente (10) abnehmbar sind.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Element oder die Abstreifelemente (10) Öffnungen aufweisen, die mit anderen Öffnungen im unteren Auslass (5) des Aufnahmeelements (2) korrespondieren, um sie mit Hilfe von Durchgangselementen (15), insbesondere Schrauben oder Nieten, zu verbinden und zu befestigen.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ein Schiebeelement (9) mit gleicher Tiefe oder einer Tiefe, die größer ist als die gesamte Vorrichtung, umfasst, das an der Außenseite des Gestells (1) und in einer Position vor der Vorschubrichtung (A) angeordnet ist, die ein lineares Längselement (23) vor seinem freien Ende aufweist.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Aufnahmeelement (2) mindestens ein lineares Längsabstreifelement (11) umfasst, das im Inneren des Gestells (1) in einer Position hinter dem Aufnahmeelement (2) in Bezug auf eine Vorschubrichtung (A) angeordnet ist.
  9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Längsabstreifelement (11) herausnehmbar und im Inneren des Gestells (1) unbeweglich angeordnet ist.
  10. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest ein Teil des Innenbereichs des Gestells (1) ein oder mehrere Verschluss- oder Abdeckelemente (13) aufweist.
  11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das oder die Verschluss- oder Abdeckelemente (13) abnehmbar sind.
  12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das oder die Verschluss- oder Abdeckelemente (13) eine oder mehrere Platten umfassen.
  13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Platte oder die Platten einen Abschnitt in Form eines "L" aufweisen.
  14. Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche in einer Presse zur Formgebung von keramischen Stücken, das eine erste Stufe umfasst, in der ein Transportwagen horizontal und oberhalb in einem Bereich unmittelbar vor dem Ort der ersten der Alveolen (22) der Matrize der Matrizenform positioniert wird, und in dieser Position wird eine extern gelagerte pulverförmige Substanz auf der Vorrichtung zur Zuführung und Verteilung der pulverförmigen Substanz abgelegt und geladen; in einem zweiten Schritt beginnt der Transportwagen seine horizontale Verschiebung und seinen Vorschub in Richtung auf und über den Ort der Alveolen (22) der Matrize der Matrizenform, und zwar so, dass er die Vorrichtung zum Zuführen der pulverförmigen Substanz allmählich und nacheinander auf verschiedenen Teilen der Alveolen (22) positioniert, und eine dritte Phase, in der der Transportschlitten eine horizontale Rückwärtsbewegung in seine Ausgangsposition beginnt, in deren Verlauf die überschüssige pulverförmige Substanz, die in der vorangegangenen Phase auf den Alveolen (22) abgelagert wurde und aus ihrem oberen Rand herausragt, durch Schleppen abgezogen wird; diese Phase mit der Ankunft des Transportwagens und der Vorrichtung zur Zuführung und Verteilung der pulverförmigen Substanz in der anfänglichen Ausgangsposition in der ersten Phase endet,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der oder die Stempel der unteren Verdichtung der Presse sich in einer Position befinden, die zumindest ab der Phase der zweiten Phase unmittelbar vor der ersten Überlappung des Auslasses (5) des Aufnahmeelements (2) oder der Aufnahme auf ihm oder den Alveolen (22) abgesenkt ist, so dass der Eintritt und die Verteilung der pulverförmigen Substanz in den entsprechenden Alveolen (22) progressiv, allmählich und sukzessive aufgrund der kombinierten Wirkung der Schwerkraft und der horizontalen Vorwärtsverschiebung der Zuführungsvorrichtung und einer Zuführung der pulverförmigen Substanz durch einen konstanten Fluss pro Vorhang erfolgt.
EP18897198.0A 2017-12-28 2018-12-18 Vorrichtung zum zuführen mindestens einer pulverförmigen substanz, insbesondere für pressen zur herstellung von keramikteilen Active EP3733369B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201731492A ES2718257B2 (es) 2017-12-28 2017-12-28 Dispositivo de suministro de al menos una sustancia pulverulenta, particularmente para prensas de conformación de piezas cerámicas
PCT/ES2018/070813 WO2019129906A1 (es) 2017-12-28 2018-12-18 Dispositivo de suministro de al menos una sustancia pulverulenta, particularmente para prensas de conformación de piezas cerámicas

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3733369A1 EP3733369A1 (de) 2020-11-04
EP3733369A4 EP3733369A4 (de) 2021-10-06
EP3733369B1 true EP3733369B1 (de) 2023-03-29

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EP18897198.0A Active EP3733369B1 (de) 2017-12-28 2018-12-18 Vorrichtung zum zuführen mindestens einer pulverförmigen substanz, insbesondere für pressen zur herstellung von keramikteilen

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EP (1) EP3733369B1 (de)
ES (2) ES2718257B2 (de)
WO (1) WO2019129906A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2730881C2 (de) * 1977-07-08 1982-10-14 Brohltal-Deumag AG für feuerfeste Erzeugnisse, 5401 Urmitz Fülleinrichtung für Steinpressen oder dergl. zum Einfüllen von Formmasse
DE3147687A1 (de) * 1981-12-02 1983-06-16 Laeis-Werke Ag, 5500 Trier Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen mehrschichtiger presslinge
IT1238782B (it) * 1990-05-11 1993-09-03 Gmv Impianti Impianto di alimentazione e distribuzione in duplice strato di materiale in granuli,particolarmente nelle presse ceramiche.
JP3529650B2 (ja) * 1999-01-13 2004-05-24 玉川窯業株式会社 ２層タイルの成形装置
ITRE20010123A1 (it) * 2001-12-20 2003-06-20 Lb Officine Meccaniche Spa Carrello ceramico a doppio caricamento
RU2468913C2 (ru) * 2007-07-05 2012-12-10 Лангенштайн Энд Шеман Гмбх Загрузочное устройство для наполнения форм наливным формовочным материалом
ES1186083Y (es) * 2017-06-01 2017-09-15 Macer S L Dispositivo de suministro y distribucion de sustancias pulverulentas para prensas de conformacion de piezas ceramicas

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Publication number Publication date
EP3733369A4 (de) 2021-10-06
EP3733369A1 (de) 2020-11-04
WO2019129906A1 (es) 2019-07-04
ES2718257A1 (es) 2019-06-28
ES2946749T3 (es) 2023-07-25
ES2718257B2 (es) 2020-11-27

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