EP1358983B1 - Vorrichtung zum Füllen der Pressformen für die Herstellung von Fliesen - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zum Füllen der Pressformen für die Herstellung von Fliesen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1358983B1 EP1358983B1 EP03425254A EP03425254A EP1358983B1 EP 1358983 B1 EP1358983 B1 EP 1358983B1 EP 03425254 A EP03425254 A EP 03425254A EP 03425254 A EP03425254 A EP 03425254A EP 1358983 B1 EP1358983 B1 EP 1358983B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- carriage
- mould
- auxiliary tray
- loading
- main grid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000549 coloured material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
- B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
- B28B13/023—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo by using a feed box transferring the moulding material from a hopper to the moulding cavities
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
- B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
- B28B13/022—Feeding several successive layers, optionally of different materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
- B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
- B28B13/023—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo by using a feed box transferring the moulding material from a hopper to the moulding cavities
- B28B13/0255—Disposal of residual material, e.g. by means of the return stroke of the feed drawer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
- B28B13/0295—Treating the surface of the fed layer, e.g. removing material or equalization of the surface
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device to load powders in a mould to make tiles, and in particular a device comprising a so-called double-loading carriage, i.e. a carriage of the type comprising a main grid which is filled with base powder material, and a hopper or an auxiliary tray which is loaded with a small quantity of additional powder material (for example a coloured powder material), which is deposited on the surface intended to form the visible side, that is the top side of the tile, and which provides the coloured pattern on the surface of the tile.
- a so-called double-loading carriage i.e. a carriage of the type comprising a main grid which is filled with base powder material, and a hopper or an auxiliary tray which is loaded with a small quantity of additional powder material (for example a coloured powder material), which is deposited on the surface intended to form the visible side, that is the top side of the tile, and which provides the coloured pattern on the surface of the tile.
- additional powder material for example a coloured powder material
- a layer of noteworthy thickness, constituted by a base material (for example atomized clay) and intended to form the body of the tile, on which a small quantity of a colouring material is deposited, generally constituted by a mixture of granules of various colours and/or various effects.
- a base material for example atomized clay
- the Italian patent ITM0O990141 A1 describes a loading device for ceramic presses to produce tiles with a technique of this type, which is provided with a carriage with a loading grid, which is filled with the base material and which is then transferred above the cavity of the mould to deposit the base material. Disposed in front of the loading grid is a means to distribute a specific quantity of coloured powder material.
- This means comprises a perforated flexible screen which slides in front of a hopper, with a movement synchronized with the movement of the carriage, in order to distribute the coloured material according to a specific pattern.
- the Italian patent ITM0990016 A1 describes a similar device to the previous one, wherein the coloured material is however distributed through a series of rotating and perforated hollow cylinders inside which the coloured material is placed.
- EP-A-0444730 describes a device to load ceramic presses comprising:
- the auxiliary tray is produced in the form of a hopper moving on the carriage, in a direction parallel to the to-and-fro movement of the carriage. During this movement the hopper passes over a mesh bearing a pattern, while the carriage remains still in a position in which the mesh is above the cavity of the mould, in which a layer of base material has previously been disposed.
- the filling cycle of the mould cavity includes a first phase in which the grid is positioned above the bottom punch of the mould and in which the latter is lowered (performing a first lowering) to create the cavity which is filled with the material contained in the grid.
- a second phase in which the carriage, after having travelled for a certain distance, stops to allow movement of the hopper containing the coloured powders and their distribution through the mesh onto the layer of material previously deposited in the mould cavity.
- the punch must be lowered a second time, between the first and second phase.
- EP-A-0941826 describes a loading device with a double-loading carriage according to the pre-amble of claim 1.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a loading device for presses to produce ceramic tiles, which overcomes entirely or in part the problems of the prior art.
- the object of the invention is to provide a device which may reach high production rates and which has a simple structure.
- the system comprises a press generically indicated with 1, equipped with a mould 3 with a bottom punch or pad 5 and a top punch or pad 7 carried by a moving crosspiece 9.
- the bottom punch 5 moves inside a die 11 to define together with it a cavity which must be filled with powders, which are subsequently pressed by the two punches of the mould to form the tile.
- a powder loading device indicated as a whole with 15, is provided at the side of the press 1 .
- This comprises a carriage 17 moving in the direction of the arrow f17, controlled by an actuator, not shown, along a sliding surface 19, the top surface of which is flush with the top surface of the die 11.
- a continuous conveyor with belts or strips 22 is disposed, to remove the tiles formed by the press 1.
- a base grid or main grid 23 Disposed on the carriage in sequence from right to left are: a base grid or main grid 23, a first scraper 25, an auxiliary tray 29, a second scraper 32 with an actuator, not shown, to raise it and lower it in relation to the surface 19, and a cylindrical brush 31, controlled by an actuator, not shown, suitable to raise and lower it, for reasons explained hereunder.
- the auxiliary tray 29 is closed at the bottom by a gate valve 29A, the opening and closing of which are controlled by an actuator 30 controlled by a central control unit in synchronism with the movement of the carriage 17.
- the carriage 17 is in a position in which the main grid 23 is placed below a base hopper 33, extending orthogonal to the plane of the figure for a width equal to the width of the main grid 23 and equipped with a bottom opening closed by a gate valve 35 controlled by a piston-cylinder actuator 37.
- the hopper 33 is filled with a base powder material, for example atomized clay, through a duct 39 connected to an overhead silo containing the material, not shown.
- the duct 39 is carried by a slide 41 equipped with alternate movement parallel to the hopper 33 and therefore orthogonal to the plane of the drawing and to the movement according to f17 of the carriage 17.
- the transverse movement of the duct 39 guarantees uniform filling of the main hopper 33.
- the gate valve 35 to close the hopper 35 is opened to fill the main grid 23.
- This is divided internally, in a per se known way, by a series of vertical slats orthogonal to the direction of movement of the carriage 17, or if necessary distributed according to another pattern, to obtain a desired distribution of the base material in the mould cavity of the press 1.
- the main grid 23 is of the so-called tray type, that is of noteworthy height and with a reduced dimension in the direction parallel to the movement of the carriage 17, that is a dimension lower than the corresponding dimension of the mould cavity.
- filling of the main grid 23 is completed during the first length of the travel towards the press 1 of the carriage 17, so that most of the compartments into which the grid is divided by the respective slats are filled completely.
- the gate valve 35 may not be required, as the carriage has a seal-plate behind the grid 23.
- the auxiliary tray 29 is below the preload hopper 51 closed at the bottom by a gate valve 53 controlled by an actuator 55.
- the preload hopper 51 is filled with coloured powder material (for example a mixture of enamels) through a mixer 57 moving along guides 59 transverse in relation to the movement of the carriage 17.
- the mixer 57 is filled with coloured powders from the silos overhead, not shown, through flexible ducts 61.
- the gate valve 53 can be opened to load the coloured material into the tray 29.
- the base material with which the main grid 23 is filled forms the base of the tile, while the coloured material (enamel or the like) which is loaded into the auxiliary tray 29 forms the surface layer of the visible face of the tile.
- the auxiliary tray 29 is at a distance from the main grid 23 lower than the dimension, in the direction of movement of the carriage 17, of the mould cavity 5, that is than the dimension of the tile produced by the press 1.
- the distance between the auxiliary tray 29 and the main grid 23 is sufficient to house the scraper 25.
- Fig. 2A the carriage 17 is in the filling position, the crosspiece of the press is raised and the bottom punch 5 has been raised until it is flush with the top surface of the die 11 and therefore with the sliding surface 19 of the carriage 17.
- a tile P1 produced in the previous pressing cycle is laid on the top surface of the bottom punch 5 to be ejected by the carriage 17 during its movement to enter the press 1.
- Fig.2B the carriage 17 has moved to its most forwardly position.
- the auxiliary tray 29 is beyond the mould cavity, the main grid 23 is in proximity to the outlet edge of the mould cavity, that is the edge nearest to the conveyor 22.
- the tile P1 has been pushed by the carriage 17 out of the press 1 to the conveyor 22, by which it is removed and conveyed towards the firing kiln.
- the bottom punch 5 is lowered (so-called first lowering of the mould) to form between its top surface and the die 11 the mould cavity which must be filled with the powders destined to form the tile.
- the powder material contained in the main grid 23 starts to fill the mould cavity.
- the first lowering is anticipated to improve loading of the front part of the cavity.
- the grid is a tray grid, of reduced longitudinal dimension, filling of the mould cavity is completed with reverse movement of the carriage 17, towards the original filling position ( Fig.2A ).
- the height of the main grid 23 is sufficient to house the quantity of powder material required to fill the entire mould cavity.
- a layer MC of coloured powder material or of another additional material is deposited by the auxiliary tray 29 on the free and levelled surface of the layer of base material MB deposited by the base grid 23.
- the auxiliary tray is promptly opened in order to start unloading the coloured material contained in it starting from the edge of the mould cavity nearest to the outlet of the press. For this purpose it may be necessary to anticipate opening slightly, according to the speed of the carriage 17.
- the layer MC of coloured powders formed by the auxiliary tray 29 is positioned above the surface defined by the top surface of the die 11.
- the brush 31 is promptly raised before it starts to pass over the mould cavity, to be lowered again as soon as it has exceeded the area of the cavity.
- the auxiliary tray 29 is also promptly closed as soon as it reaches the inlet edge of the mould cavity, that is the edge opposite the conveyor 22.
- a door or trap 63 is provided between the die 11 and the filling position of the carriage 17, along the sliding surface 19 of the carriage, which is opened when the second scraper 32 travels over it; this is lowered onto the sliding surface 19, after it has passed through the area of the mould cavity during the return travel of the carriage.
- the scraper 32 will unload through the opening thus formed in the sliding surface 19 all the residual powder material, and in particular the enamel powders, collected during the return travel of the carriage 17. This prevents subsequent contamination of the loading system by enamel powders which may have aggressive chemical properties and the presence of which on the rear face or brand of the tiles must be avoided to prevent problems from arising during the firing phase of the tile in the kiln.
- the cylindrical brush 31 has the function of cleaning the top punch during the return travel of the carriage and for this purpose is promptly raised by the relative driving actuator.
- the loading cycle of the mould is very brief, as the bottom punch must perform a single lowering movement and not two lowering movements as is the case in traditional devices. Even if, for the purpose of preventing the layer MC of coloured powders from extending beyond the top surface of the die 11, the bottom punch 5 implements a second downward travel, this operation does not prolong the time of a cycle. In fact, the second lowering of the mould may be implemented as soon as the main grid 23 has left the loading area of the mould cavity, when the auxiliary tray 29 is already above the cavity.
- the quantity of coloured material deposited on the top surface of the tile is not determined by the distance between the outlet of the tray and the free surface of the layer of base material, but by the speed at which the carriage moves, by the amplitude to which the gate valve of the auxiliary tray 29 opens and by the flowability of the material applied.
- the carriage 17 is extremely short, thanks to the fact that the auxiliary tray 29 may be disposed very close to the main grid 23.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
- Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Claims (5)
- Vorrichtung zum Füllen von Pulver in eine Form zur Bildung von Fliesen, die Folgendes umfasst:- einen Schlitten (17), der eine alternierende Füllbewegung auf einer Gleitfläche (19) ausführt;- ein Hauptgitter (23) auf dem Schlitten, das ein Pulverausgangsmaterial (MB) von einem ersten Füllmittel (33) aufnimmt und das Pulverausgangsmaterial in ein Gesenk der Form (11, 5) befördert;- vor dem Hauptgitter auf dem Schlitten ein Zusatztablett (29) zum Einfüllen eines zusätzlichen Pulvermaterials (MC), etwa eines farbigen Emails oder dergleichen;wobei das Zusatztablett in einem Abstand vom Hauptgitter in Bewegungsrichtung des Schlittens auf der der Form zugewandten Seite des Schlittens angeordnet ist, der kleiner ist als die Abmessung des Gesenks in dieser Richtung, und wobei das Zusatztablett eine Bodenschließkomponente (63) aufweist, die synchron mit der Bewegung des Schlittens in Relation zu der Form gesteuert wird; dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine erste Abstreichkomponente (25) zwischen dem Hauptgitter (23) und dem Zusatztablett (29) angeordnet ist, um das vom Hauptgitter des Schlittens im Formgesenk abgelegte Ausgangsmaterial zu glätten, und wobei auf der der ersten Abstreichkomponente gegenüber liegenden Seite des Zusatztabletts eine zweite Abstreichkomponente (32) angeordnet ist, die mit einem Stellglied verbunden ist, das das Anheben und Senken der zweiten Abstreichkomponente synchron zu der Position des Schlittens in Relation zu der Form steuert.
- Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Abstreichkomponente ein Abstreicher mit einem Hebemechanismus ist.
- Vorrichtung gemäß einem oder mehrerer der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zusatztablett eine Bodenöffnung in größerer Höhe als die Gleitfläche des Schlittens aufweist.
- Vorrichtung gemäß einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass entlang der Gleitfläche des Schlittens zwischen der Form und einer Station zum Einfüllen des Materials in den Schlitten eine Abladeöffnung (63) angeordnet ist, die synchron mit der Bewegung des Schlittens geöffnet werden kann, um Pulvermaterial abzuladen, das von dem ersten und/oder zweiten Abstreichelement entfernt worden ist.
- Vorrichtung gemäß einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch eine zylindrische Bürste (31), die von einem Stellglied, das diese anheben und absenken kann, gesteuert wird und vor der zweiten Abstreichkomponente (32) auf der Seite gegenüber dem Zusatztablett angeordnet ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ITFI20020071 | 2002-04-29 | ||
IT2002FI000071A ITFI20020071A1 (it) | 2002-04-29 | 2002-04-29 | Dispositivo per il caricamento di stampi in una pressa per la produzione di piastrelle |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1358983A2 EP1358983A2 (de) | 2003-11-05 |
EP1358983A3 EP1358983A3 (de) | 2005-04-13 |
EP1358983B1 true EP1358983B1 (de) | 2008-12-31 |
Family
ID=28800820
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03425254A Expired - Lifetime EP1358983B1 (de) | 2002-04-29 | 2003-04-24 | Vorrichtung zum Füllen der Pressformen für die Herstellung von Fliesen |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1358983B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE419100T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE60325527D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2318104T3 (de) |
IT (1) | ITFI20020071A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1391558B1 (it) * | 2008-09-01 | 2012-01-11 | Emar S R L | Sistema di caricamento per presse di prodotti ceramici |
WO2016083881A1 (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2016-06-02 | Scater S.R.L. | High mechanical performance three layers glass-ceramic articles produced by pressing and subsequently baking powders and method for their production |
CA3041355C (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2024-01-16 | Techo-Bloc Inc. | Casted block molding apparatus and method |
CN111231085B (zh) * | 2020-01-20 | 2022-04-19 | 广东萨米特陶瓷有限公司 | 一种组合模口对位定位布料系统及使用方法 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0444730A2 (de) * | 1990-02-26 | 1991-09-04 | L.B. Officine Meccaniche S.P.A. | Schieber zur Zweistufenbefüllung von Keramikformen, insbesondere zur Herstellung druckglasierter Keramikplatten |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1214093B (it) * | 1987-04-30 | 1990-01-10 | Mass Spa | Carrello a doppio caricamento per stampi formatori di piastrelle ceramiche |
JPH08207037A (ja) * | 1994-11-09 | 1996-08-13 | Inax Corp | 坏土の供給装置及び方法 |
IT1303927B1 (it) * | 1998-03-10 | 2001-03-01 | Lb Officine Meccaniche Spa | Metodo di fabbricazione di piastrella decorata,relativo dispositivo di caricamento degli stampi della pressa e piastrella cosi' fabbricata. |
IT1310965B1 (it) * | 1999-08-02 | 2002-02-27 | Lb Officine Meccaniche Spa | Attrezzatura per il caricamento del materiale nella cavita' dellamatrice di uno stampo, in particolare, per la pressatura di piastrelle |
-
2002
- 2002-04-29 IT IT2002FI000071A patent/ITFI20020071A1/it unknown
-
2003
- 2003-04-24 DE DE60325527T patent/DE60325527D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-24 EP EP03425254A patent/EP1358983B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-24 ES ES03425254T patent/ES2318104T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-24 AT AT03425254T patent/ATE419100T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0444730A2 (de) * | 1990-02-26 | 1991-09-04 | L.B. Officine Meccaniche S.P.A. | Schieber zur Zweistufenbefüllung von Keramikformen, insbesondere zur Herstellung druckglasierter Keramikplatten |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1358983A2 (de) | 2003-11-05 |
ES2318104T3 (es) | 2009-05-01 |
DE60325527D1 (de) | 2009-02-12 |
ITFI20020071A1 (it) | 2003-10-29 |
ATE419100T1 (de) | 2009-01-15 |
EP1358983A3 (de) | 2005-04-13 |
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