EP3724119B1 - Procédé et dispositif de surveillance d'un état d'une installation de transport de passagers à l'aide d'un double numérique - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de surveillance d'un état d'une installation de transport de passagers à l'aide d'un double numérique Download PDF

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EP3724119B1
EP3724119B1 EP18811577.8A EP18811577A EP3724119B1 EP 3724119 B1 EP3724119 B1 EP 3724119B1 EP 18811577 A EP18811577 A EP 18811577A EP 3724119 B1 EP3724119 B1 EP 3724119B1
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Prior art keywords
transport system
passenger transport
components
digital double
data record
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EP18811577.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3724119A1 (fr
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Thomas Novacek
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Inventio AG
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Inventio AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B25/00—Control of escalators or moving walkways
    • B66B25/006—Monitoring for maintenance or repair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/0006—Monitoring devices or performance analysers
    • B66B5/0018—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system
    • B66B5/0025—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system for maintenance or repair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/0087—Devices facilitating maintenance, repair or inspection tasks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B25/00—Control of escalators or moving walkways

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for monitoring properties of a passenger transport system such as an elevator, an escalator or a moving walk. Furthermore, the invention relates to a passenger transport system equipped with a proposed device, a computer program product designed to carry out the proposed method and a computer-readable medium storing this computer program product.
  • Passenger transport systems in the form of elevators, escalators or moving walks are used to transport people within buildings or structures. Sufficient operational reliability must always be guaranteed, but also availability that is as continuous as possible.
  • passenger transport systems are usually checked and/or serviced at regular intervals. The intervals are usually based on experience with similar passenger transport systems, whereby the intervals selected to ensure operational safety must be sufficiently short so that a check or maintenance is carried out in good time before any operating conditions that endanger safety occur.
  • the US2012/138391 A1 proposes to record and electronically evaluate noises from the physical elevator system.
  • the CN 106586796A provides for the use of monitoring sensors in escalators and the electronic evaluation of their measurement signals.
  • a method for monitoring properties of a passenger transport system comprises at least monitoring characteristics of the people-transport system using an updated digital double data set.
  • the updated digital double data set reproduces characterizing properties of components of the passenger transport system in an actual configuration of the passenger transport system after it has been assembled and installed in a building in a machine-processable manner.
  • Changes and change trends in the characterizing properties of components can be determined and assessed.
  • the updated digital double datasets can be created step by step.
  • an order-picking digital doppelganger data record can be created with target data, which reflect characterizing properties of components of the passenger transport system in a target configuration.
  • the picking digital double data set can be created using generic component model data sets and defined component model data sets.
  • a picking digital double data set can be converted into a completion digital double data set.
  • the completed digital double dataset is converted into the updated digital double data set transferred.
  • a passenger transport system which includes a device according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention.
  • a computer program product which comprises machine-readable program instructions which, when executed on a programmable device, cause the device to carry out or control a method according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the invention.
  • a computer-readable medium is proposed, on which a computer program product according to an embodiment of the fourth aspect of the invention is stored.
  • passenger transport systems have usually had to be inspected on site in order to be able to see whether maintenance or repairs are actually necessary and, if this is the case, what specific measures need to be taken, i.e. which ones, for example Replacement parts and/or tools are required.
  • the updated digital doppelganger data record is intended to include data which characterize properties of the components forming the passenger transport system.
  • the data should characterize the properties of the components in their actual configuration, ie in a configuration in which the components were completely finished and then assembled into the passenger transport system and installed in a building.
  • the data contained in the digital doppelganger data record does not merely reflect the target properties of the components, as they are assumed, for example, when planning, designing or commissioning the passenger transport system and as they are obtained, for example, from CAD data relating to the components used here can be removed.
  • the data contained in the digital doppelganger data set should reflect the actual properties of the components installed in the fully assembled and installed passenger transport system. The digital double can thus be viewed as a virtual image of the finished passenger transport system or the components contained therein.
  • the data contained in the digital double data set should reflect the characterizing properties of the components in sufficient detail to be able to derive statements about current structural and/or functional properties of the entire passenger transport system.
  • the digital doppelganger should be used to derive statements about current structural and/or functional properties that characterize an updated state of the entire passenger transport system, which are necessary for an assessment of its current or future operational safety, its current or future availability and/or a current or future need for service or repair.
  • the updated digital double data record thus differs, for example, from digital data which is conventionally generated or used when manufacturing passenger transport systems.
  • digital data which is conventionally generated or used when manufacturing passenger transport systems.
  • CAD data does not indicate which geometry a manufactured component actually has, whereby, for example, manufacturing tolerances or the like can lead to the actual geometry differing significantly from the target geometry.
  • conventionally used data such as CAD data do not indicate which characteristic properties components have assumed after they have been assembled into the people-transport system and installed in a structure.
  • CAD data do not indicate which characteristic properties components have assumed after they have been assembled into the people-transport system and installed in a structure.
  • the updated digital double data set also differs from data as is conventionally used in part during the manufacture of complex workpieces or machines.
  • a method for checking consistency between reference data of a production object and data of a so-called digital twin of the production object is described.
  • a digital image of a workpiece, referred to as a digital twin is synchronized with the status of the workpiece during production. For the production process, this means that after each production step, the data representing the digital twin are modified in such a way that the changes in properties of the workpiece caused by the production step are to be taken into account.
  • a region of the workpiece is removed in a production step by grinding, turning or the like according to target specifications, so that after the production step has been carried out, the digital twin is also modified according to the target specifications.
  • the digital twin should always provide information about the current intermediate status of the workpiece during its production.
  • the digital doppelganger provides information about the characterizing properties of the components installed in the passenger transport system in their actual configuration that goes beyond mere target properties. Such information can advantageously be used, for example, to be able to recognize deviations in the actual characterizing properties from originally designed characterizing properties of the passenger transport system. Appropriate conclusions can then be drawn from such deviations, for example whether there is already a need for maintenance or repair of the passenger transport system, whether there is a risk of increased or premature wear, etc.
  • the deviations can result from manufacturing tolerances occurring during the manufacture of the components changes in the characterizing properties of the components caused during the assembly of the components or when they are installed in the structure and/or changes in the characterizing properties of the components that occur during the ultimate operation of the passenger transport system, for example due to wear.
  • the updated digital double data set like a virtual digital copy of the actual passenger transport system, allows conclusions to be drawn about the characterizing properties currently prevailing in the passenger transport system, information can at best be obtained solely by analyzing and/or processing the updated digital double data set Allow conclusions to be drawn about the current condition of the passenger transport system and in particular conclusions about any necessary maintenance or repairs. If necessary, information can even be derived as to which spare parts and/or tools are required for an upcoming maintenance or repair.
  • the updated digital double data set can be stored, analyzed and/or processed in a computer configured to carry out the method proposed here or in a corresponding data processing system.
  • the computer or the data processing system can be arranged remotely from the passenger transport system to be monitored, for example in a remote monitoring center.
  • the use of the updated digital doppelganger data record enables properties that characterize the state of the passenger transport system to be monitored continuously or at suitable time intervals in order in particular to identify changes that make maintenance or repairs appear necessary. If necessary, based on this, concrete information regarding the work to be carried out during maintenance or repair can be derived in advance based solely on an analysis of the digital double, without a technician having to actually inspect the passenger transport system on site. As a result, considerable effort and costs can be saved.
  • the updated digital double dataset includes data determined by measuring characterizing properties on the completed people transportation system.
  • the data contained in the updated digital doppelganger data set should not only reflect the target properties of the components of the passenger transport system, such as when planning, designing or commissioning the passenger transport system based on specifications, such as those specified by the customer commissioning the passenger transport system or how they result from the conditions prevailing at the place of installation for the passenger transport system.
  • target properties can be designed purely on the computer or on a drawing board and usually represent ideal properties of the passenger transport system as they are assumed during the planning phase. In practice, however, the actually manufactured components already differ from such target specifications after they have been manufactured and their properties usually continue to change during assembly and installation in the building.
  • the updated digital double data set should preferably not include any or at least not only target data, but rather data determined by measuring characterizing properties on the completed passenger transport system, i.e. actual data after the assembly and installation of the passenger transport system.
  • the characterizing properties of the components can be measured, for example, with the aid of separate measuring devices after the individual components have been completed, after the components have been assembled and/or after the passenger transport system has been installed in the building.
  • such separate measuring devices can be, for example, simple pieces of equipment such as measuring tapes, rulers, gauges, scales, etc., with the aid of which a technician can measure the components. Measurement results can then be stored in the updated digital double dataset.
  • the measurement processes are not carried out manually, but by machine.
  • the measuring devices can be configured for the automated measurement of characterizing properties of the components.
  • the components can be measured using robots.
  • various measuring methods can be used, for example non-contact measuring methods based, for example, on measurements using light beams, measurements by analyzing images of the components, etc.
  • the characterizing properties of the components can be measured, for example, by measuring devices integrated into the passenger transport system, in particular by integrated sensors.
  • integrated measuring devices or sensors can be integrated into individual components, arranged on individual components or between several components of the passenger transport system, or between components of the passenger transport system and, for example, areas of the buildings accommodating the passenger transport system.
  • the measuring devices or sensors can, for example, supply signals which change when the characteristics of the respective components to be monitored change. By monitoring the signals, information about currently changing characterizing properties within of the passenger transport system. Measured values derived from the signals can be obtained without, for example, a technician having to take manual measurements and thus in particular without the technician having to inspect the passenger transport system on site.
  • sensors can be provided at suitable points in order to be able to measure the actual properties of the completed passenger transport system regarding the components contained therein, which otherwise may not be precise or not precise enough or only could be measured with great effort in the completed passenger transport system.
  • the characterizing properties to be taken into account when creating the updated digital double dataset are geometric dimensions of the components, weights of the components, material properties of the components and/or surface properties of the components.
  • Geometric dimensions of the components can be, for example, a length, a width, a height, a cross section, radii, roundings, etc. of the components.
  • Material properties of the components can be, for example, a type of material used to form a component or a portion of a component.
  • material properties can also be strength properties, hardness properties, electrical properties, magnetic properties, optical properties, etc. of the components.
  • Surface properties of the components can be, for example, roughness, textures, coatings, colors, reflectivities, etc. of the components.
  • the characterizing properties can relate to individual components or groups of components.
  • the characterizing properties can relate to individual components from which larger, more complex groups of components are assembled.
  • the properties can also relate to more complex components composed of several components Purchase equipment such as drive motors, gear units, conveyor chains, etc.
  • the characterizing properties can be determined or measured with high precision.
  • the characterizing properties can be determined or measured with a precision that is more precise than the tolerances to be observed in the manufacture of the components.
  • the monitoring of the properties of the people transportation system comprises simulating future characterizing properties of the people transportation system using the updated digital double data set.
  • the updated digital doppelganger data set should preferably not only be used to monitor currently prevailing properties in the passenger transport system, but also conclusions about future characterizing properties in the passenger transport system can be drawn by means of simulations to be carried out using the updated digital doppelganger data set be able.
  • the simulations can be run on a computer system. Based on the data currently contained in the updated digital double dataset and, if necessary, taking into account data previously contained in the updated digital double dataset, the simulations can be used to draw conclusions about a development over time in the represented characteristic properties and thus forecasts or extrapolation regarding future characterizing properties of the components. In the simulations, natural laws can be taken into account as well as experiences from other passenger transport systems.
  • simulations can take into account how wear-related changes that have already occurred in the characterizing properties of components affect further changes to be expected in the future characterizing properties.
  • the simulations can take into account experience gained from experiments and/or by observing other passenger transport systems and from which, for example, a statement can be derived as to when a change that has occurred or is to be expected in the future in the characterizing properties of a component as a can be assumed to be essential for the function of the entire passenger transport system, so that suitable measures should be initiated, for example as part of maintenance or repairs.
  • the method proposed herein can also include planning maintenance work to be carried out on the passenger transport system based on the monitored properties of the passenger transport system.
  • the information obtained during the inventive monitoring of the properties of the passenger transport system can be used to plan future maintenance work, including any repairs that may be necessary, in advance. It can be advantageous here that just by analyzing the updated digital double data set, valuable information can already be obtained, for example about what changes have occurred in a monitored passenger transport system and/or what wear and tear on components of the passenger transport system must actually be expected.
  • This information can be used for maintenance work, for example with regard to a maintenance time and/or with regard to activities to be carried out during maintenance and/or with regard to spare parts or tools to be kept available during maintenance and/or with regard to technicians carrying out maintenance, who may need to have special skills or knowledge to be able to plan.
  • the maintenance work can be planned purely on the basis of an analysis of the updated digital double data set, i.e. without a technician having to inspect the people transport system on site.
  • the proposed method also includes an assessment of quality properties of a component type component based on an analysis of updated digital double data sets of several people transport systems containing the component in question.
  • the updated digital double datasets relating to several different passenger transport systems and to analyze them in such a way that information relating to an individual component type of a component installed in the passenger transport systems (or its defined component model dataset) is collected and analyzed will.
  • the analysis can include, for example, comparing the actual values with regard to characterizing properties of the component in its actual configuration after the assembly and installation of the passenger transport system with previously assumed target values and possibly taking into account tolerance values associated with these target values.
  • the actual values of an individual component are compared with the target values for this component. Rather, the actual values of several components of the same component type are compared with the target values of this component type.
  • a suitable, e.g. statistical analysis can thus provide information that not only allows a statement to be made about the quality of an individual component, i.e. whether an individual component corresponds to the target values within acceptable tolerances, but also a statement about the quality properties of the component type , i.e. quality properties that apply to a plurality of components of this component type, can be derived.
  • the updated digital double datasets reflect the characterizing properties of the components in their actual configuration after assembly and installation has an advantageous effect.
  • the analysis of the updated digital doppelganger datasets thus enables a statement to be made about the characterizing properties of components not only directly after their manufacture, but also after they have been assembled into the passenger transport system and installed and have undergone changes with regard to their initial characterizing properties.
  • the method can be implemented particularly advantageously if changes in the characterizing properties of the components during operation of the passenger transport system are also tracked during the creation of the digital double datasets (as is described in more detail below).
  • statistical statements about how the component behaves in real use can be derived by analyzing several updated digital double data sets from different passenger transport systems containing the component in question. This allows conclusions to be drawn about quality properties of the component type, which also reflect its qualities during use (robustness of the design).
  • the design of the component type in question already has quality defects, which then become apparent in real operation lead to recurring problems, for example.
  • the design of a component type already includes the fact that excessive changes, in particular excessive wear, occur in this component type after the assembly and installation of the passenger transport system or at the latest during its operation, which leads to a short service life of the components of this type to lead.
  • the design of the component type can then possibly be suitably changed in order to minimize the signs of wear, that is to say to increase its robustness and to increase the service life of the component type.
  • the updated digital double data set can be created in several partial steps.
  • the data contained in the digital doppelganger data record can be successively refined and made more precise and thus reflect the characterizing properties of the components installed in the passenger transport system more and more precisely with regard to their actual current configuration.
  • a picking digital double data record For this purpose, the creation of a picking digital double data record is started.
  • this picking digital doppelganger data set initially only target data are stored, which are determined during the planning or picking of the passenger transport system. These target data can be obtained, among other things, if, for example, characterizing properties of a passenger transport system to be manufactured are calculated with computer-aided commissioning tools depending on customer specifications. For example, data relating to target dimensions, target numbers, target material properties, target surface textures, etc. of components to be used in the manufacture of the passenger transport system can be stored in the picking digital double data record.
  • the picking digital double data set thus represents a virtual image of the passenger transport system in its planning phase or picking phase i.e. before the passenger transport system is actually manufactured and installed.
  • the target data contained therein can then be successively replaced by actual data and a completion digital double data set can thereby be generated.
  • the actual data indicate characterizing properties of the components of the passenger transport system, initially only defined with regard to their target configuration, in their actual configuration directly after the assembly of the passenger transport system and its installation in the building.
  • the actual data can be determined by manually and/or mechanically measuring the characterizing properties of the components. For this purpose, separate measuring devices and/or sensors integrated into components or arranged on components can be used.
  • the completion digital double dataset thus represents a virtual image of the passenger transport system directly after its completion, i.e. after the assembly of the components and installation in the building.
  • the completion digital double dataset created at this point in time is updated continuously or at suitable time intervals during the subsequent operation of the passenger transport system.
  • the data initially stored in the completion digital double dataset are modified during operation of the passenger transport system such that observed changes in the characterizing properties of the components forming the passenger transport system are taken into account.
  • sensors can be provided as measuring devices in the passenger transport system, with the aid of which the characterizing properties to be observed can be monitored.
  • Such sensors can be geometric, for example Monitor dimensions of single or multiple components.
  • sensors can measure forces acting between components, temperatures prevailing on components, mechanical stresses acting within components or between components, electrical and/or magnetic fields prevailing on components, and much more.
  • the digital doppelganger data set modified in this way thus represents a virtual image of the passenger transport system during operation of the same and taking into account, for example, wear-related changes in comparison to the characterizing properties originally measured directly after completion and can thus be used as an updated digital doppelganger data set be used for continuous or repeated monitoring of the properties of the passenger transport system.
  • the creation of the picking digital double data set includes creating picking data taking into account customer specifications and creating manufacturing data by modifying the picking data taking into account manufacturing specifications.
  • both customer specifications and manufacturing specifications should be taken into account when initially creating the commissioning digital double data set.
  • the Created picking data taking into account the customer specifications and then modified or refined this picking data taking into account the manufacturing specifications.
  • the creation of the picking digital double data set can possibly also iteratively include multiple calculation and modification of picking data, taking into account the customer and/or production specifications.
  • Customer specifications can be understood as specifications that are specified by the customer on a case-by-case basis, for example when ordering the passenger transport system.
  • the customer specifications typically relate to a single passenger transport system to be manufactured.
  • the customer specifications can include prevailing spatial conditions at the installation site, interface information for attachment to load-bearing structures of a building, etc.
  • the customer specifications can indicate, for example, what length the people transport system should have, what height difference should be overcome, how the people transport system should be connected to load-bearing structures within the building, etc.
  • Customer specifications can also include customer requirements in terms of functionality, transport capacity, Optics, etc. include.
  • the order-picking data can be available, for example, as a CAD data record which, among other things, reproduces geometric dimensions and/or other characterizing properties of the components forming the passenger transport system as characterizing properties.
  • the manufacturing specifications typically relate to properties or specifications within a manufacturing factory or production line in which the people-transport system is to be manufactured. For example, depending on the country or location in which a manufacturing plant is located, for example, different conditions can prevail in the manufacturing plant and/or specifications must be observed. For example, certain materials, raw materials, shell parts or similar may not be available or cannot be processed in some manufacturing plants. Some manufacturing factories can use machines that other manufacturing factories lack. Due to their layout, some manufacturing factories have restrictions on who can be manufactured in them Passenger transport systems or components thereof. Some manufacturing plants allow for a high level of automated manufacturing, while other manufacturing plants may use more manual manufacturing, for example due to low labor costs. There may be a variety of other conditions and/or specifications with respect to which manufacturing environments may differ.
  • a virtual image of the passenger transport system is generated using generic component model data sets of the passenger transport system and including the customer specifications.
  • the virtual image can be designed as a kind of wire framework or wire mesh. Components to be used can form structures of this wire framework or grid.
  • the image of the entire passenger transport system can be composed of previously defined component model data sets and generic component model data sets.
  • the defined component model datasets can be datasets that reflect a planned configuration of individual components with regard to all characteristic properties that are essential for manufacturing the passenger transport system.
  • a defined component model data set can thus be used like part of a construction kit, since it always has the same characterizing properties or defined, and can be used as part of the wire framework to be formed.
  • the generic component model data sets can be data sets that reflect a planned configuration of several different components with regard to several characteristic properties that are essential for manufacturing the passenger transport system in such a way that a generic component model data set can be supplemented by data in such a way by taking into account the previously recorded customer specifications that it reproduces or defines an individual component with regard to all the characterizing properties that are essential for the production of the passenger transport system.
  • a component to be installed in a passenger transport system such as an upper chord of a truss of an escalator, can be designed with different lengths depending on the required length of the passenger transport system.
  • the generic component model data record is thus already sufficiently defined with regard to many of its characterizing properties, but not with regard to its length. The length of this component must then be suitably selected or calculated on the basis of the customer-specific configuration data when the passenger transport system is commissioned.
  • static and/or dynamic simulations are carried out when creating the picking data and the picking digital double data record is created taking into account the results of the simulations.
  • simulations can be carried out to create the picking data, which form the basis of the picking digital double dataset, taking into account the customer specifications, with which static and/or dynamic properties of the picked passenger transport system are simulated. Simulations can be carried out in a computer system, for example.
  • Static simulations analyze, for example, a static interaction of several assembled components.
  • Static simulations can be used, for example, to analyze whether there may be complications when assembling several defined component model datasets or component model datasets specified on a case-by-case basis based on generic component model datasets, for example because each of the components corresponds to the characterizing properties stored in the component model dataset is manufactured with certain manufacturing tolerances, so that problems can arise if manufacturing tolerances are added together unfavorably.
  • Dynamic simulations analyze, for example, the dynamic behavior of components during operation of the assembled passenger transport system. Dynamic simulations can be used, for example, to analyze whether moving components within a passenger transport system can be moved in the desired way or whether, for example, there is a risk of collisions between components that can move relative to one another.
  • the passenger transportation system is an escalator or a moving walkway.
  • the components of the passenger transport system are preferably components of a framework and components of a conveyor device.
  • the components of a truss can be upper chords, lower chords, uprights, cross braces, diagonal struts, gusset plates, support angles and/or truss separation points.
  • the components of a conveyor can be driving steps, driving pallets, conveyor chains, conveyor belts, drive machines, service brakes and/or controls.
  • a passenger transport system in the form of an escalator or a moving walk can be composed of a large number of components which, on the one hand, form a truss, which represents a supporting structure of the passenger transport system, and, on the other hand, form a conveyor device, which is held by the truss and with the help of whose passengers can be transported along a travel path.
  • Both the truss and the conveyor should be monitored during their operation with regard to their properties, for example To be able to identify changes in good time that could jeopardize the operational safety and/or availability of the escalator or moving walk.
  • the passenger transport system is an elevator.
  • the components of the passenger transport system can be components of a support structure and/or components of a conveyor structure.
  • the components of the support structure can be guide rails, wall attachments, drive frames, floor attachments, cross braces, longitudinal braces and/or diagonal braces.
  • the components of a conveyor structure can be elevator cars, counterweights, suspension means, drive machines, braking devices and/or controls.
  • Creating the updated digital double data set for the elevator and monitoring the status of the elevator can be designed in a similar way to the way that is described here with focus on the design of the passenger transport system as an escalator or moving walk.
  • Embodiments of the method presented here for monitoring the status of a passenger transport system can be carried out using a device specially configured for this purpose.
  • the device may include one or more computers.
  • the device can be formed from a computer network which processes data in the form of a data cloud (cloud).
  • the device can have a memory in which the data of the digital double data set can be stored, for example in electronic or magnetic form.
  • the device can also have data processing options.
  • the device can have a processor, with the aid of which data of the digital double dataset can be processed.
  • the device can also have interfaces via which data can be input into the device and/or output from the device.
  • the device can be connected to sensors on or in the passenger transport system are arranged and by means of which characterizing properties of components of the passenger transport system can be measured.
  • the device can be part of the passenger transport system.
  • the device is preferably not arranged in the passenger transport system, but remotely from it, for example in a remote control center from which the status of the passenger transport system is to be monitored.
  • the device can also be implemented in a spatially distributed manner, for example when data is processed in a data cloud distributed over a number of computers.
  • the device can be programmable, ie it can be prompted by a suitably programmed computer program product to execute or control the method according to the invention.
  • the computer program product can contain instructions or code which, for example, cause the processor of the device to store, read out, process, modify, etc. data of the digital double data set.
  • the computer program product can be written in any computer language.
  • the computer program product can be stored on any computer-readable medium, for example a flash memory, a CD, a DVD, RAM, ROM, PROM, EPROM, etc.
  • the computer program product and/or the data to be processed with it can also be stored on one or more servers Be stored on servers, for example a data cloud, from where they can be downloaded over a network, for example the Internet.
  • 1 shows a passenger transport system 1 in the form of an escalator 3, the condition of which can be monitored using the method described herein.
  • 2 shows a load-bearing framework 5 of an escalator 3, which in 1 is not shown for reasons of clarity.
  • the escalator 3 connects areas E1 and E2 located at different heights and horizontally spaced apart from one another in a building.
  • the truss 5 here forms a supporting structure and rests at its opposite ends with support brackets 7 on support points 9 of the structure.
  • the truss 5 is composed of a large number of components 11, in particular upper chords 13, lower chords 15, cross braces 17, diagonal struts 19, uprights 21, truss separation points 23 and gusset plates 25. Many of the components 11 of the truss 5 consist at least partially of elongated metal profiles.
  • Dimensions of the components 11 are chosen so that the truss 5 on the one hand can span a free space between opposite support points 9 of the building and on the other hand is sufficiently stable to withstand the forces acting on the escalator 3 formed with the truss 5 .
  • the escalator 3 includes a conveying device 27 which is held by the framework 5 and by means of which passengers can be conveyed between the two areas E1 and E2.
  • the conveyor device 27 includes, among other things, drive stages 29, conveyor chains 31, a drive machine 33, a service brake 35, a controller 36, deflection chain wheels 37 driven by the drive machine 33, and deflection pulleys 39.
  • the escalator 3 also includes a balustrade 41 with a handrail 43 running on it.
  • the passenger transport system 1 can also be designed as a moving walkway (not shown), which is constructed similarly or identically to an escalator 3 with regard to many of its components 11 .
  • the passenger transport system 1 is designed as an elevator 51 .
  • An example elevator 51 is in 3 shown.
  • the elevator 51 has an elevator shaft 53 in which a conveyor device 66 and a support structure 80 holding this conveyor device 66 are accommodated.
  • An elevator car 55 and a counterweight 57 are suspended from suspension means 59 in the form of belts.
  • a drive machine 61 and a braking device 63 drive the support means 59 or, if necessary, brake them.
  • a controller 65 controls the operation of the elevator 51.
  • the elevator car 55 and possibly also the counterweight 57 are guided in their movement through the elevator shaft 53 with the aid of guide rails 67.
  • the guide rails 67 are connected to supporting structures within the elevator shaft 53 via wall attachments 69 and floor attachments 73 .
  • cross braces 75, longitudinal braces 77 and diagonal braces 79 may ensure adequate mechanical stabilization of the guide rails 67.
  • the guide rails also carry a drive frame 71, to which the ends of the support means 59 and the drive machine 61, the braking device 63 and the control 65 are attached.
  • the product life cycle of an escalator 3, a moving walk or an elevator 51 is accompanied by various software systems and databases. These are generally not linked to one another to such an extent that the data contained therein is automatically available throughout all systems. While product development, an order-specific configuration by sales and production documents and data specified on the basis of this configuration are sometimes already more or less well linked, there is usually a lack of consistent support and documentation in the after-sales area. This can mean, for example, that a service technician often first has to examine a passenger transport system 1 on site in order to then carry out appropriate measures, such as e.g. B. to procure the necessary material, to set dates for maintenance and repairs, to dispose of dismantled material properly, etc.
  • appropriate measures such as e.g. B. to procure the necessary material, to set dates for maintenance and repairs, to dispose of dismantled material properly, etc.
  • the method according to the invention provides for the real product to be provided with a digital doppelganger, preferably continuously for the entire product life cycle, ie not only during the manufacture of the passenger transport system 1, but also after its completion and during its subsequent operation.
  • An updated digital doppelganger data set representing the digital doppelganger can already be created during the production process based on picking data, taking into account customer specifications as a picking digital doppelganger data set, for example using CAD data used during the planning.
  • Components can be picked using previously defined component model data sets or generic component model data sets.
  • the commissioned digital double record can then be modified to accommodate manufacturing specifications.
  • the picking digital doppelganger data record includes target data that represent a virtual image of the passenger transport system 1 to be manufactured.
  • the passenger transport system 1 can then be manufactured on the basis of the picking digital double data set.
  • the target data contained in the picking digital double data record can be replaced or supplemented by actual data, such as can be obtained by measuring the actual configuration of the completed passenger transport system 1 . This creates the completion digital double record.
  • This completion digital double data record already contains data which reflect characterizing properties of the components 11 installed in the passenger transport system 1 in their actual configuration, ie after the passenger transport system has been completed and installed in the structure.
  • the completion digital double data record can thus already be used as an updated digital double data record for monitoring properties of the passenger transport system 1 .
  • the completion digital double data record can be stored and processed, for example, in a monitoring device 87, which can be arranged in a remote control center.
  • the actual values of component properties contained in the completion digital doppelganger data set, as they actually exist in the passenger transport system 1, can be compared with target values assumed during order picking. Any recognized differences between the actual values and the target values can be used to draw conclusions about properties of the passenger transport system 1 that are to be expected in the future. For example, based on such differences, it is possible to predict when certain signs of wear are to be expected, from which it can in turn be estimated when and/or in what manner initial maintenance measures are likely to become necessary. In other words, based on the completion digital double data record, an estimation or simulation of future characterizing properties of the passenger transport system 1 can be carried out and maintenance work to be carried out in the future can thus be planned.
  • evaluation criteria assigned to the characterizing properties of components such as a maximum chain elongation of conveyor chains 31, an upper limit of the power consumption of the drive machine 33, maximum and/or minimum dimensions at wear points and the like, can also be assigned in the monitoring device 87 be deposited. These specify the maximum permissible deviations based on the target values of the characterizing properties of components. The characterizing properties of components of the updated digital double data set can then also be compared with these assessment criteria.
  • At least some of the data contained in the completion digital doppelganger data record are updated from time to time during the operation of the passenger transport system.
  • sensors can be provided in the passenger transport system 1, with the aid of which measured values can be determined which reflect changes in characterizing properties of components 11 of the passenger transport system 1 during its operation.
  • the data contained in the completion digital double dataset can be modified taking these measurements into account.
  • the updated digital doppelganger data set generated in this way thus also reproduces a virtual image of a continuously updated state of the passenger transport system 1 in its actual configuration during operation.
  • maintenance work to be carried out can be planned in a targeted manner according to the situation.
  • various sensors 81 can be provided in the passenger transport system 1, with the help of which certain characterizing parameters can be monitored, which allow conclusions to be drawn about changes in the characterizing properties of the components 11 of the passenger transport system 1 allow.
  • a large number of different sensors 81 can be used for this purpose.
  • force sensors 83 are shown in the elevator 51, which can measure forces acting on the various wall attachments 69, on the drive frame 71 and floor attachments 73, which allows conclusions to be drawn regarding the forces acting on the guide rails 61 and thus, for example, any mechanical stresses.
  • a camera system 85 is only shown as an example, with the aid of which the status of, for example, driving steps 29 or the conveyor chains 31 can be monitored for any wear that may occur.
  • force sensors 83 can also be provided in the truss 5 , similar to the elevator 51 . The sensors can, for example, transmit their signals to the monitoring device 87 by wire or via a radio network.
  • the creation of the digital double can first be started, for example by creating an engineering-stage digital double (i.e. an order-specific, generated bill of materials, sometimes also referred to as a EBOM ("Engineering Bill of Materials") is generated.
  • the generic component model data sets contain component data such as their dimensions, tolerances, surface structures, other characterizing properties, interface information on adjacent components and the like.
  • Various simulations such as static simulations, for example in the form of tolerance considerations, and dynamic simulations, for example to check for collisions, can then be carried out.
  • a parts list suitable for production (manufacturing BOM - MBOM) and the associated manufacturing data are generated from the order-specific, generated parts list (EBOM) by applying production-specific rules.
  • an order-specific generated parts list (EBOM) of a truss 5 for the escalator 3 can be used as an example of the interaction of generic component model data records and the customer specification.
  • the customer defines the information relevant to the design of the framework 5, such as an area of application (department store, public building such as train station, subway, etc.), a conveying height, a step width (and thus a conveying capacity), a length (whereby an angle of the inclined area between the access areas is determined from the length and the conveying height) and the type of balustrade (e.g. glass balustrade, balustrade for traffic stairs).
  • the individual components 11 of the truss 5 such as upper chords 13, lower chords 15, cross braces 17, support brackets 7, truss separation points 23, etc. as well as defined component model data sets such as uprights 21, diagonal struts 19, gusset plates 25, etc. are available as generic component model data sets. where, for example, the length of the upper chords 13 and lower chords 15, the length of the cross braces 17 and the number of uprights 21 are dependent on customer specifications. According to the entered customer specifications, the individual components 11 of the framework 5 are generated with their specific dimensions from the generic and defined component model data sets.
  • the design takes place, for example, in such a way that a so-called virtual wire framework of the framework 5 is created using the customer specifications “conveyor height”, “horizontal distance between the support angles”, “step width” and/or “conveyor capacity”.
  • the individual components 11 are now laid out on the basis of this virtual wire framework, in particular with regard to their dimensions, in particular their lengths, and their number.
  • the customer specifications also show how many truss separation points 23 are to be made so that the escalator 3 can be brought into the building in segments, for example. Due to the truss separation points 23, other parts may be required and the upper chords 13 and lower chords 15 generally have to be in several parts.
  • an EBOM can also be created for an elevator 51 by determining a target configuration for a conveyor device 66 and a support structure 80, taking customer specifications into account.
  • a size of the elevator car 55, a weight of the counterweight 57, a design of the suspension means 59, the drive machine 61 and the braking device 63, and the controller 65 can be suitably selected.
  • dimensions and other characterizing properties of the guide rails 67, the wall mounts 69, the drive frame 71, the floor mounts 73, the cross braces 75, the longitudinal braces 77, the diagonal braces 79 and shaft doors and car doors, not shown, can be selected appropriately.
  • Associated data may be stored in the commission's digital double record.
  • Framework 5 can again serve as an example for the MBOM generated from the EBOM.
  • Production-specific rules concern, for example, the material qualities available at the production site or the manufacturing quality of the means of production depending on the production site.
  • Another influencing factor can also be the production layout of the manufacturing facility, which may not allow all desirable production processes. Accordingly, characterizing properties of the component model data sets are modified, cycle plans are added, and the like.
  • the passenger transport system is manufactured on the basis of the manufacturing data (MBOM), with the manufacturing data being replaced by the physical data, ie actual values taken from the physical product, as manufacturing progresses.
  • MOM manufacturing data
  • the real component dimensions and the assembly-relevant data such as tightening torques of screw connections, application points of lubricants and the like are recorded and transferred to the digital doppelganger or commissioning digital doppelganger data set and this is thereby mutated into the completion digital doppelganger data set .
  • the passenger transport system is delivered, there is a parallel digital double or completion digital double data set, which ideally corresponds exactly to the physical product.
  • Periodic queries on the digital doppelganger such as geometric changes caused by wear, can be evaluated and analyzed using collision simulations maintenance work is planned. Maintenance instructions for the maintenance staff can also be generated with the help of the digital double. Consequently, when components are replaced for maintenance reasons, their component model data records are also updated in the digital double of this people transport system with the actual data corresponding to the newly installed physical component. Finally, even before the plant is demolished, its individual components can be evaluated and sent for further use, processing or disposal in an environmentally friendly manner.
  • a generic component model data set is generated (see Fig.4(a) ).
  • Target values for the characterizing properties to be achieved are determined for the component.
  • target variables A, B, ⁇ of geometric properties, ie a width, a height and an angle of the parallelogram, are determined.
  • an associated tolerance range T A , T B , Tc is defined for each target variable.
  • the sheet thickness is the same for all design variants of this component and is therefore one of the defined characterizing properties of this generic component model data set.
  • a suitable target value for the specific passenger transport system is determined for each of the target variables.
  • This determination turns the generic component model data set into a defined component model data set; described by picking data.
  • This defined component model data set can serve as an EBOM.
  • the picking data of the defined component model data record are specified in such a way that the target values previously determined solely based on the customer specifications are modified into production data, taking production specifications into account. For example, material information from the country of manufacture, an OEM manufacturer, or the like can be taken into account.
  • the picking data of the picking digital doppelganger data record are ultimately supplemented in the form of an MBOM identified as manufacturing data, which can be used when manufacturing the component and serves as a virtual image of the component to be manufactured.
  • the production specifications actually prevailing during production are also taken into account when determining tolerance specifications T A ', T B ', T C '.
  • the discrepancies found can, for example, be analyzed statistically for several components of a component type. Results can be taken into account, for example, when researching and developing a modified generic component model data set for the component type in question.
  • the data from many digital double evaluations can also be used to assess the robustness of a device type's design.
  • the cause may be an excessive load due to the customer's specification.
  • the actual dimensions of the bore and axle of an installed production lot cause a bearing gap that is too narrow or too large.
  • another component for example a rail joint that is too large, has caused loads for which the plain bearing was not designed.
  • the corresponding cause can be found by means of dynamic simulations and statistical evaluations of the digital doppelgangers. The cause found can be taken into account in a change in the design of the affected component type or in a change in adjacent components or in a change in the permissible customer specifications in the sales process (e.g. a reduction in the maximum delivery head).
  • the method proposed here and a correspondingly designed device allow the current status of a transport system to be monitored using the suitably created, updated digital double dataset, as a result of which maintenance measures can be planned more appropriately to the situation or to the actual requirements, thus saving considerable costs and/or whereby types of components can be designed or modified in such a way that they better meet the requirements that actually occur in the operation of a passenger transport system.

Landscapes

  • Escalators And Moving Walkways (AREA)
  • Indicating And Signalling Devices For Elevators (AREA)
  • General Factory Administration (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé de surveillance d'un état d'une installation de transport de personnes (1), caractérisé en ce que la surveillance de l'état de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) s'effectue à l'aide d'un jeu de données de double numérique actualisé, lequel reproduit, sous une forme apte à être traitée par machine, des propriétés caractéristiques d'éléments structuraux (11) de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) dans une configuration réelle de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) après son assemblage et son installation dans un édifice, dans lequel la surveillance permet de suivre et d'évaluer les modifications et les tendances de modification des propriétés caractéristiques d'éléments structuraux (11) et dans lequel le procédé comprend en outre la création préalable du jeu de données de double numérique actualisé ; laquelle création comprend au moins les étapes suivantes :
    • création d'un jeu de données de double numérique de mise en service comportant des données de consigne qui reproduisent des propriétés caractéristiques d'éléments structuraux (11) de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) dans une configuration de consigne ;
    • création d'un jeu de données de double numérique de finalisation sur la base du jeu de données de double numérique de mise en service par la mesure de données réelles, lesquelles reproduisent des propriétés caractéristiques d'éléments structuraux (11) de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) dans la configuration réelle de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) directement après son assemblage et son installation dans un édifice, et le remplacement de données de consigne dans le jeu de données de double numérique de mise en service par des données réelles correspondantes ; et
    • création du jeu de données de double numérique actualisé sur la base du jeu de données de double numérique de finalisation par la modification du jeu de données de double numérique de finalisation pendant le fonctionnement de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) en tenant compte de valeurs de mesure qui reproduisent des modifications de propriétés caractéristiques d'éléments structuraux (11) de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) pendant son fonctionnement.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le jeu de données de double numérique actualisé comprend des données qui ont été détectées par la mesure de propriétés caractéristiques au niveau de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) finalisée.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les propriétés caractéristiques d'un élément structural (11) sont choisies dans un groupe comprenant les dimensions géométriques de l'élément structural (11), le poids de l'élément structural (11), les propriétés de matériau de l'élément structural (11) et les constitutions de surface de l'élément structural (11).
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la surveillance de l'état de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) comprend une simulation de propriétés caractéristiques futures de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) à l'aide du jeu de données de double numérique actualisé.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, présentant en outre : la planification de travaux de maintenance à effectuer sur l'installation de transport de personnes (1) sur la base d'informations concernant l'état surveillé de l'installation de transport de personnes (1).
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, présentant en outre : l'évaluation de propriétés de qualité d'un type d'un élément structural (11) sur la base d'une analyse de jeux de données de double numérique actualisés de plusieurs installations de transport de personnes (1) renfermant l'élément structural (11) en question.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel la création du jeu de données de double numérique de mise en service comprend la création de données de mise en service en tenant compte de spécifications du client ainsi que la création de données de fabrication par la modification des données de mise en service en tenant compte de spécifications de fabrication.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, dans lequel, lors de la création des données de mise en service, une image virtuelle de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) est générée à l'aide de jeux de données de modèle d'élément structural (11) génériques de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) et en tenant compte des spécifications du client.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 7 ou 8, dans lequel, lors de la création des données de mise en service, des simulations d'un groupe comprenant des simulations statiques et dynamiques sont effectuées, et dans lequel le jeu de données de double numérique de mise en service est créé en tenant compte de résultats des simulations.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel l'installation de transport de personnes (1) est choisie dans un groupe comprenant des escaliers roulants (3) et des trottoirs roulants, et dans lequel les éléments structuraux (11) de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) sont choisis dans un groupe comprenant :
    - des éléments structuraux (11) d'une charpente (5) comprenant plusieurs éléments structuraux (11) choisis dans un sous-groupe comprenant des membrures supérieures (13), des membrures inférieures (15), des montants (21), des entretoises transversales (17), des entretoises diagonales (19), des goussets (25), un angle de support (7) et des points de séparation de charpente (23) ; et
    - des éléments structuraux (11) d'un appareil de transport (27) comprenant au moins un élément structural (11) choisi dans un sous-groupe comprenant des étages roulants (29), des palettes roulantes, des chaînes de transport (31), des bandes de transport, des pignons à chaîne de renvoi (37), des poulies de renvoi (39), des machines d'entraînement (33), des freins de service (35) et des commandes (36).
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes 1 à 10, dans lequel l'installation de transport de personnes (1) est un ascenseur (51) et dans lequel les éléments structuraux (11) de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) sont choisis dans un groupe comprenant :
    - des éléments structuraux d'une structure de support (80) comprenant plusieurs éléments structuraux (11) choisis dans un sous-groupe comprenant des rails de guidage (67), des fixations murales (69), des châssis d'entraînement (71), des fixations au sol (73), des entretoisements transversaux (75), des entretoisements longitudinaux (77) et des entretoisements diagonaux (79) ; et
    - des éléments structuraux d'un appareil de transport (66) comprenant au moins un élément structural (11) choisi dans un sous-groupe comprenant des cabines d'ascenseur (55), des contrepoids (57), des moyens de support (59), des machines d'entraînement (61), des dispositifs de freinage (63) et des commandes (65).
  12. Dispositif (87) de surveillance d'un état d'une installation de transport de personnes (1), dans lequel le dispositif est configuré pour surveiller l'état de l'installation de transport de personnes (1), dans lequel la surveillance est effectuée à l'aide d'un jeu de données de double numérique actualisé, lequel reproduit, sous une forme apte à être traitée par machine, des propriétés caractéristiques d'éléments structuraux (11) de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) dans une configuration réelle de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) après son assemblage et son installation dans un édifice, et la surveillance peut permettre de suivre et d'évaluer les modifications et les tendances de modification des propriétés caractéristiques d'éléments structuraux (11), caractérisé en ce que le dispositif peut également permettre de créer pas à pas le jeu de données de double numérique actualisé, par le fait :
    • qu'un jeu de données de double numérique de mise en service comportant des données de consigne, lesquelles reproduisent des propriétés caractéristiques d'éléments structuraux (11) de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) dans une configuration de consigne, peut être créé à l'aide de jeux de données de modèle d'élément structural génériques et de jeux de données de modèle d'élément structural définis, dans lequel un jeu de données de modèle d'élément structural défini reproduit une configuration planifiée d'un élément structural en ce qui concerne toutes les propriétés caractéristiques qui sont essentielles pour sa fabrication et un jeu de données de modèle d'élément structural générique reproduit une configuration planifiée de plusieurs éléments structuraux différents en ce qui concerne plusieurs propriétés caractéristiques qui sont essentielles pour la fabrication d'un élément structural, de sorte qu'un jeu de données de modèle d'élément structural générique peut être complété par des données en tenant compte de spécifications du client préalablement enregistrées, de telle sorte que ledit jeu de données reproduit ou définit toutes les propriétés caractéristiques essentielles pour la fabrication d'un élément structural ;
    • qu'un jeu de données de double numérique de finalisation peut être créé sur la base du jeu de données de double numérique de mise en service par la mesure de données réelles qui reproduisent des propriétés caractéristiques d'éléments structuraux (11) de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) dans la configuration réelle de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) directement après son assemblage et son installation dans un édifice, et du remplacement de données de consigne dans le jeu de données de double numérique de mise en service par des données réelles correspondantes ; et
    • que le jeu de données de double numérique actualisé peut être créé sur la base du jeu de données de double numérique de finalisation par la modification du jeu de données de double numérique de finalisation pendant le fonctionnement de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) en tenant compte de valeurs de mesure qui reproduisent des modifications de propriétés caractéristiques d'éléments structuraux (11) de l'installation de transport de personnes (1) pendant son fonctionnement.
  13. Installation de transport de personnes (1), comprenant un dispositif selon la revendication 12.
  14. Produit programme informatique comprenant des instructions de programme lisibles par machine qui, lorsqu'elles sont exécutées sur un dispositif programmable, amènent le dispositif à exécuter ou à commander un procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11 à l'aide de dispositifs de mesure séparés et/ou intégrés dans l'installation de transport de personnes (1).
  15. Support lisible par ordinateur sur lequel est stocké un produit programme informatique selon la revendication 14.
EP18811577.8A 2017-12-14 2018-12-07 Procédé et dispositif de surveillance d'un état d'une installation de transport de passagers à l'aide d'un double numérique Active EP3724119B1 (fr)

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MX2020006175A (es) 2020-09-03
US11577937B2 (en) 2023-02-14
US20210078834A1 (en) 2021-03-18
WO2019115378A1 (fr) 2019-06-20
RU2770721C2 (ru) 2022-04-21
EP3724119A1 (fr) 2020-10-21
CL2020001583A1 (es) 2020-11-06
KR20200095489A (ko) 2020-08-10
AU2018385222A1 (en) 2020-06-11
KR102608492B1 (ko) 2023-11-30
RU2020118002A (ru) 2021-12-01
BR112020008866A2 (pt) 2020-10-20
CA3081454A1 (fr) 2019-06-20
ES2932083T3 (es) 2023-01-11
SG11202004367VA (en) 2020-06-29
RU2020118002A3 (fr) 2022-01-10
AU2018385222B2 (en) 2022-04-28
CN111511668B (zh) 2022-05-17
CN111511668A (zh) 2020-08-07

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