EP3700676B1 - Antriebssystem zum betrieb eines brechers und verfahren zum betrieb eines brechers - Google Patents

Antriebssystem zum betrieb eines brechers und verfahren zum betrieb eines brechers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3700676B1
EP3700676B1 EP18742972.5A EP18742972A EP3700676B1 EP 3700676 B1 EP3700676 B1 EP 3700676B1 EP 18742972 A EP18742972 A EP 18742972A EP 3700676 B1 EP3700676 B1 EP 3700676B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid coupling
switchable
drive
fluid
crusher
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP18742972.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3700676A1 (de
Inventor
Michael Bleher
Manuel Amann
Gerald Ebel
Otto Blessing
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Kleemann GmbH
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Kleemann GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/30—Driving mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/04—Safety devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/31—Safety devices or measures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/18—Details
    • B02C17/24—Driving mechanisms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/24—Drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C25/00—Control arrangements specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
    • B02C1/02—Jaw crushers or pulverisers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2/00—Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/28—Details
    • B02C4/42—Driving mechanisms; Roller speed control

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a drive system for driving a crusher of a material crushing plant with a main drive and a transfer case driven by the main drive, the transfer case driving at least one generator and a first hydraulic pump that is switchably connected to the transfer case.
  • the invention further relates to a method for operating a crusher of a material comminution plant with a drive system driving the crusher, the drive system having at least one main drive and a transfer case.
  • Such crushers are used in material crushing plants as mobile or stationary units for crushing, for example natural stone or recycling materials such as concrete, bricks, rubble and the like.
  • the material to be crushed to a predetermined size is fed to the crusher.
  • This can be designed as an impact crusher.
  • the crushed material is gripped by a high-speed rotor, accelerated and thrown onto a fixed impact mechanism until it is crushed to the desired grain size.
  • a cone crusher With a cone crusher, the crushing takes place in a circumferentially opening and closing crushing gap between a crushing jacket and your crushing cone.
  • the crushing cone rotates on an eccentric path.
  • Jaw crushers are also used in which the crushed material is crushed in a wedge-shaped slot between a fixed jaw and one that is moved by an eccentric shaft.
  • the crushers are driven by adapted, high-performance drives, if necessary with the interposition of a mechanical transmission.
  • a coupling for example a non-positive coupling, is provided between the drive and the crusher, by means of which the torque and power transmission can be interrupted and closed.
  • the clutch can also be operated in the event of a blockage in the crusher. Starting the crusher leads to a high mechanical and thermal load on the clutch when it is closed and the speed of the crusher is slowly adapted to the speed of the drive or a gear output shaft of an interposed gear.
  • the DE 102015118398 A1 describes a drive device and a work machine device as well as a method for starting the drive device and the work machine device.
  • the work machine can be a crusher that is driven by the drive device via a belt drive.
  • a main drive in the form of a diesel engine for example, is connected to a transmission via a transmission input shaft.
  • the transmission is followed by a switchable clutch, from which it is connected to the belt drive via a transmission output shaft.
  • the clutch can be switched, for example, by means of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure, electromagnetic force, spring force or mechanical actuation.
  • the drive device or the work machine device is assigned an auxiliary drive which is set up to drive the transmission output shaft.
  • the main drive can be started with the clutch disengaged and run up to a predetermined speed.
  • the auxiliary drive can accelerate the gear shaft and thus the driven machine to a specified cut-in speed. If this is reached, the clutch closed and the auxiliary drive switched off.
  • the work machine is then driven by the main drive. Hydraulic pumps are connected to the gearbox directly or switchable via respective clutches, which are driven by the main drive via the gearbox.
  • auxiliary drive accelerates the high mass of the machine before it is coupled to the main drive. As a result, a high load on the clutch when the clutch is closed can be avoided.
  • auxiliary drive in addition to the main drive, a further drive (auxiliary drive) is a disadvantage. This leads to an increased need for components and thus increased costs.
  • space for the auxiliary drive must be provided accordingly within the work machine device, which is not always possible, in particular in the case of mobile work machine devices that are spatially confined.
  • the drive device comprises at least one drive means, a pump transfer case, a hydraulic pump, a fluid coupling and a wedge disk.
  • the drive means drives the pump transfer case and above it the hydraulic pump and the V-belt pulley.
  • a clutch and the fluid coupling are interposed between the pump transfer gear and the wedge plate.
  • the clutch is connected upstream of the fluid coupling.
  • the work machine to be driven can be, for example, a crusher of a construction machine. The machine therefore has a high inertia.
  • the switchable clutch serves to interrupt or connect the torque flow between a transmission input shaft and a transmission output shaft of the pump transfer case.
  • the fluid coupling arranged in series with the switchable coupling works according to the Föttinger principle.
  • the following components which have a high mass inertia, can be gently accelerated with a low load on the clutch.
  • the disadvantage of this arrangement is that two clutches, namely the clutch and the fluid clutch, are provided. This leads to increased manufacturing and operating and maintenance costs of the work machine device.
  • the document DE 9400147 A1 shows a device for comminuting objects made of organic and inorganic material.
  • the material to be shredded is transported via a conveyor and a feed roller to a cutting rotor, which is operated via a drive belt and drive motor.
  • the belt tension can be increased or decreased with an adjusting cylinder.
  • An additionally provided counter-cutting knife which is held in its position by spring force, and the cutting knife of the cutting rotor shred the material.
  • the object of the invention relating to the drive system is achieved in that a switchable fluid coupling is connected in the transmission path from the transfer case to the crusher, that the switchable fluid coupling and a pump are fluidically connected to one another in a pump circuit and that the switchable fluid coupling is activated by means of the pump Fluid can be supplied.
  • the torque and power transmission from the main drive to the crusher can be interrupted by opening the switchable fluid coupling. This enables the main drive to be started without outputting power to the crusher.
  • By closing the switchable fluid coupling the torque and / or the power is passed from the main drive via the transfer case to the crusher.
  • the switchable fluid coupling enables the crusher to start up smoothly. Extreme load peaks and torsional vibrations are absorbed by the switchable fluid coupling.
  • the switchable fluid coupling can be opened quickly. This results in effective overload protection.
  • the switchable fluid coupling thus combines the advantages of a switchable, non-positive coupling and a subsequently arranged, non-switchable fluid coupling, as they are known from the prior art, in one component.
  • the torque and / or power transmission of the switchable fluid coupling can be adjusted by adjusting the filling quantity of the fluid in the switchable fluid coupling.
  • the level of the fluid in the switchable fluid coupling it is possible to specify which torque is transmitted by the coupling without slip or with minimal slip. A higher level enables the transmission of a greater torque.
  • volume flow of the fluid supplied to the fluid coupling in a first operating state of the drive system is greater than the volume flow removed, that in a second operating state of the drive system the volume flow of the supplied and discharged fluid is the same and that in a third operating state, the volume flow supplied to the fluid coupling is smaller than the volume flow discharged.
  • the inflow and outflow of the fluid into and out of the pump can also be completely interrupted. If the volume flow supplied to the fluid coupling is greater than that discharged, the level within the switchable fluid coupling rises. As a result, a greater torque can be transmitted by the switchable fluid coupling. If the supplied and discharged volume flow are the same, that which can be transmitted by the fluid coupling remains Torque equal.
  • a volume flow of 0 m 3 / min or a volume flow that deviates from 0 m 3 / min, but is the same, can be provided for the supply and discharge volume flows. If the discharged volume flow is selected to be greater than the supplied volume flow, the transmittable torque can be reduced. In this case, the torque and / or power transmission can be interrupted when the switchable fluid coupling is completely or at least approximately completely emptied.
  • a simple and reliable interruption of the inflow or outflow of the fluid to or from the switchable fluid coupling can be achieved in that at least one valve is arranged to interrupt the flow in the pumping circuit of the fluid. If it is provided, for example, that a valve is arranged in the feed line of the switchable fluid coupling, the feed of the fluid to the switchable fluid coupling can be interrupted. With a constant outflow of the fluid from the switchable fluid coupling, the level of the fluid within the switchable fluid coupling can be reduced quickly in this way and the torque or power transmission can be reduced or interrupted.
  • the pump is driven by the transfer case or that the pump is driven by the drive shaft of the main drive.
  • the pump is thus continuously driven when the main drive is running, regardless of the fill level of the switchable fluid coupling.
  • the fill level of the switchable fluid coupling can be set in all operating situations in which the main drive is running.
  • a pump driven by the transfer case is more accessible, which simplifies assembly and maintenance.
  • the switchable fluid coupling has bores through which the fluid is guided out of the switchable fluid coupling due to the centrifugal force present within the switchable fluid coupling and then fed to the pump.
  • the main drive rotates and the switchable fluid coupling rotates with it, fluid is permanently diverted from the switchable fluid coupling in this way.
  • the filling level within the switchable fluid coupling can be adjusted by controlling the fluid flow.
  • the delivery rate of the pump is greater than the volume flow caused by the centrifugal force through the bores of the switchable fluid coupling. It is thus possible to increase the level of the fluid within the switchable fluid coupling despite the permanent outflow of the fluid from the switchable fluid coupling.
  • the fill level within the switchable fluid coupling can be reduced.
  • the inflow of the fluid to the switchable fluid coupling can particularly advantageously be controlled or regulated by a valve which is arranged between the pump and the switchable fluid coupling. The pump can then be operated with constant pumping power.
  • the setting of the filling level takes place by means of corresponding control or regulation of the volume flow supplied to the switchable fluid coupling by means of the valve.
  • a switching valve with binary switching behavior can be provided, which can be switched between an open and a closed position.
  • the fill level in the switchable fluid coupling and thus its ability to transmit torque and power is increased.
  • the fill level is quickly reduced in accordance with the outflow of the fluid from the switchable fluid coupling. This enables, for example, a quick interruption of the torque and / or power transmission in the event of a blockage of the crusher.
  • a minimum and a maximum fill level in the switchable fluid coupling can easily be set with a switching valve. It is also conceivable to set intermediate fill levels and thus a desired torque or power transmission capacity of the switchable fluid coupling by appropriately clocking the switching valve.
  • a control unit is assigned to the drive system and that the control unit is designed to detect an overload and / or a blockage of the crusher and, if an overload and / or blockage is detected, a control signal that switches off the pump and / or interrupts the fluid supply causes the switchable fluid coupling to output.
  • a safe start of the main drive as well as a smooth start-up of the crusher can be achieved in that the control unit is designed to control the pump and / or the valve in such a way that the fill quantity of the fluid in the switchable fluid coupling when the speed of the main drive is increased Start and / or when starting up the speed of the crusher increases. Due to the increase in the filling quantity, the torque and / or power transmission of the switchable fluid coupling is steadily increased, which reliably prevents overloading of the main drive.
  • the previously emptied, switchable fluid coupling is completely filled in a period of 5 to 60 s, particularly preferably in a period of 10 to 20 s.
  • At least one second hydraulic pump is not switchably connected to the transfer case and is driven by it.
  • the drive system drives the crusher via a belt drive and that a drive belt pulley of the belt drive is connected to the switchable fluid coupling of the drive system.
  • the belt drive can provide the torque or the power over a sufficient long distance from the transfer case to the crusher. It enables the setting of a suitable transmission ratio, compensates for shock loads and is easy to assemble and maintain.
  • it is also conceivable to provide other transmission elements between the drive system and the crusher for example a gear drive, a chain drive, a shaft or the like.
  • an auxiliary drive is assigned to the drive system, which is directly or indirectly in operative connection with the crusher in the power transmission direction of the main drive after the switchable fluid coupling, then, for example in the event of a blockage or for maintenance, the crusher can be reversed in relation to the working direction Direction operated. It is also conceivable to support the crusher starting up with the auxiliary drive.
  • a simple embodiment of the auxiliary drive can be achieved in that the auxiliary drive is designed as a hydraulic motor and that the hydraulic motor is driven by a hydraulic pump driven by the transfer case.
  • the power supply for the auxiliary drive is thus provided by the main drive.
  • an intermediate store for the fluid is arranged in the pumping circuit of the fluid, in particular in the return flow of the fluid from the switchable fluid coupling to the pump. If, for example, the supply to the switchable fluid coupling is interrupted, the fluid can run out of the switchable fluid coupling and is collected in the intermediate store. The switchable fluid coupling can thus be emptied. Accordingly, to fill the switchable fluid coupling fluid can be taken from the intermediate store and fed to the switchable fluid coupling.
  • the object of the invention relating to the method is achieved in that a switchable fluid coupling is arranged between the transfer case and the crusher, that the level of the fluid in the switchable fluid coupling is reduced when the crusher is blocked and / or when the main drive is started
  • the level of the fluid is increased during the start-up of the crusher.
  • the torque and / or power transmission of the switchable fluid coupling can be influenced.
  • the torque and / or power transmission can be completely interrupted.
  • the main drive which can be designed as a diesel engine, to start and run up.
  • By raising the level within the switchable fluid coupling its torque and / or power transmission can be continuously increased. This enables the crusher to start up gently.
  • the fluid can be quickly discharged from the switchable fluid coupling.
  • the torque and / or power transmission is reduced or interrupted. This measure prevents the main drive from dying off and prevents damage to the main drive, the crusher or any other component in the event of a blockage.
  • the switchable fluid coupling thus takes on the task of a known combination of a switching coupling and a downstream, constantly filled fluid coupling.
  • FIG 1 shows a drive system 1 for a crusher 50.
  • the crusher 50 is used to crush material, in particular rock such as natural stone, concrete, bricks, rubble and the like. In the present case, it is designed as an impact crusher. However, it is also conceivable to provide crushers of other types, for example cone crushers, jaw crushers and the like.
  • the crusher 50 and the drive system 1 are presently part of a mobile crushing plant (not shown).
  • a main drive 2 is provided to drive the crusher 50. This is connected to a transfer case 10.
  • the main drive 2 is coupled to a first gear 12.1 of the transfer case 10 via a corresponding drive shaft.
  • a housing 11 of the transfer case 10 further intermeshing gears 12.1, 12.2, 12.3 are arranged.
  • a first hydraulic pump 21 and a generator 20 are driven by the transfer case 10.
  • the first hydraulic pump 21 is connected to a second gear 12.2 of the transfer case 10 via a clutch 13.
  • the generator 20 is connected to a third gear 12.3 of the transfer case 10 via a connecting element 20.1.
  • the connecting element 20.1 can be a cardan shaft or a coupling.
  • a drive belt pulley 41 of a belt drive 40 is driven by the transfer case 10.
  • a transmission with a transmission ratio of one is specified.
  • a switchable fluid coupling 30 is interposed in the torque and / or power transmission path from the transfer case 10 to the drive belt pulley 41.
  • a pump 31 is assigned to the switchable fluid coupling 30.
  • the switchable fluid coupling 30 and the pump 31 are fluidically connected to one another in a pump circuit.
  • a fluid is guided in the pump circuit.
  • a cooler 33 is arranged within the pump circuit.
  • an intermediate store 34 is provided in the pump circuit for receiving the fluid carried in the pump circuit.
  • Output side the switchable fluid coupling 30 is connected to the drive belt pulley 41 via an output shaft 32.
  • the drive belt pulley 41 drives an output belt pulley 43 of the belt drive 40 via a belt drive 42.
  • a shaft 51 connects the driven pulley 43 to the crusher 50.
  • the main drive 2 is designed in the present case as a diesel engine. However, other types of motor can also be provided, for example an electric motor.
  • the switchable fluid coupling works according to the Föttinger principle.
  • the main drive 2 drives an impeller (not shown) of the switchable fluid coupling 30 via the transfer case 10.
  • the pump wheel conveys a fluid, preferably an oil, to a turbine wheel of the switchable fluid coupling 30 and drives it.
  • the turbine wheel is connected to the output shaft 32.
  • the output shaft 32 is thus driven by the turbine wheel.
  • the rotary movement of the output shaft 32 is transmitted via the drive belt pulley 41 and the belt drive 42 to the output belt pulley 43 of the belt drive 40. This drives the crusher 50 via the shaft 51.
  • the amount of fluid stored in the switchable fluid coupling 30 is not constant. It can be set in a targeted manner. By changing the fill level of the fluid in the switchable fluid coupling 30, its ability to transmit torque and / or power can be changed. When the switchable fluid coupling 30 is completely or almost completely emptied, it does not transmit any torque and / or power. The crusher 50 is then decoupled from the main drive 2 and the transfer case 10. When the switchable fluid coupling 30 is completely filled, torques and / or powers can be transmitted with an efficiency of greater than 95%. The switchable fluid coupling 30 has only a slight slip. In the case of a partially filled switchable fluid coupling 30, its ability to transmit torque and / or power is limited.
  • the pump 31 is designed as a gear pump. However, it is also conceivable to use other types of pumps.
  • the pump 31 conveys the fluid into the switchable fluid coupling 30. Bores are provided on the outer circumference of the switchable fluid coupling 30. Due to the prevailing centrifugal forces, the fluid flows steadily from the switchable fluid coupling 30 through the bores. The switchable fluid coupling 30 is thus continuously emptied with the main drive 2 and thus the transfer case 10 running.
  • the pump 31 is designed in such a way that it pumps more fluid into the switchable fluid coupling 30 than flows out of the latter through the bores.
  • the switchable fluid coupling 30 can thus be filled.
  • an emptying process of the switchable fluid coupling 30 can be initiated.
  • the pump 31 is permanently connected to the transfer case 10 and is driven by the latter when the main drive 2 is running.
  • a valve (not shown) is arranged in the pump circuit between the output of the pump 31 and the input of the switchable fluid coupling 30. With the aid of the valve, the flow of fluid to the switchable fluid coupling 30 can be interrupted or maintained.
  • the valve is designed as a solenoid valve. It has two switching positions, namely an open and a closed position. When the valve is open, the switchable fluid coupling 30 is filled and when the valve is closed, due to the outflow of fluid from the bores of the switchable fluid coupling 30, it is emptied.
  • the intermediate store 34 serves to hold the fluid discharged from the switchable fluid coupling 30. Accordingly, when the valve is open, the fluid is withdrawn from the intermediate store 34 and pumped to the switchable fluid coupling 30.
  • the switching valve it is also conceivable to provide a proportional valve in the inlet of the switchable fluid coupling 30 in the pump circuit.
  • the fluid supply to the switchable fluid coupling 30 can be interrupted with the aid of the proportional valve. It also makes it possible to continuously predetermine the volume flow of fluid supplied to the switchable fluid coupling 30. In this way, a desired fill level and thus a desired transmission behavior of the switchable fluid coupling 30 can be set.
  • the cooler 33 in the pump circuit can be assigned directly or indirectly to the fluid coupling. This has the effect that the temperature of the fluid remains in a specified temperature range and therefore does not fall below a specified viscosity. The transmission properties of the switchable fluid coupling 30 are thus retained.
  • This cooler 33 can in particular be designed as a separate structural unit. In addition to the fluid coupling 30, other assemblies to be cooled can also be connected to it.
  • switchable fluid coupling 30 without the bores described.
  • the fluid can then be sucked out of the switchable fluid coupling 30 by the pump 31.
  • a separate fluid pump for pumping out the fluid.
  • valves can be provided both in the inlet and in the outlet of the switchable fluid coupling. It is also possible to set the fill level in the switchable fluid coupling 30 by appropriate control of the pump 31 or the pump 31 and the fluid pump arranged in the return.
  • the drive system 1 is started as described below. First of all, the main drive 2 is switchable when it is empty or almost empty Fluid coupling 30 started and ramped up to a desired speed.
  • the pump wheel of the switchable fluid coupling 30 rotates with it. If the switchable fluid coupling 30, as shown in the present exemplary embodiment, is coupled to the main drive 2 without additional transmission, the pump wheel rotates at the same speed as the main drive 2 Gear ratio not equal to 1 must be provided so that both rotate at different speeds.
  • the pump 31 is also driven via the transfer case 10 or directly by the main drive 2.
  • the valve arranged between the pump 31 and the inlet of the switchable fluid coupling 30 in the pump circuit is closed, so that no fluid is pumped into the switchable fluid coupling 30.
  • the switchable fluid coupling 30 After the main drive 2 has reached the desired speed, fluid is pumped into the switchable fluid coupling 30. To do this, the valve is opened by a corresponding control signal. Since the volume flow of fluid supplied to the switchable fluid coupling 30 is greater than the volume flow discharged, the switchable fluid coupling 30 fills slowly. This increases the torque transmitted from the pump wheel to the turbine wheel. Once the breakaway torque of the drive train has been reached, the turbine wheel and the drive train connected to it start to turn. The output train includes all moving components that follow output shaft 32. As the fill level rises, the turbine wheel is slowly accelerated to the speed of the pump wheel. As a result, the speed of the crusher 50 also increases slowly. If the speed of the pump rate and the turbine wheel are the same or at least approximately the same, the speed of the crusher 50 can be increased further by increasing the speed of the main drive 2.
  • the fill level in the switchable fluid coupling 30 is reduced.
  • the valve provided between the pump 31 and the switchable fluid coupling 30 is closed. Without an inflow of fluid, the switchable fluid coupling 30 is emptied. Even when the fluid is partially drained, the torque and power transmission of the switchable fluid coupling 30 is significantly reduced.
  • the switchable fluid coupling 30 is constructed in such a way that it is quickly emptied without fluid being supplied. As a result, the turbine wheel is decoupled from the pump wheel in a short time.
  • the switchable fluid coupling 30 accordingly combines several functions in one component.
  • the crusher 50 starts up, it takes some time until the sluggish turbine wheel with the output train coupled to it is accelerated to the speed of the drive shaft 32 due to the rising fill level and the high viscosity of the fluid. This causes the crusher 50 to start up gently.
  • the driving components main drive 2, drive shaft, possibly provided torsional vibration couplings 3, 4 (see FIG Figure 2 ), Transfer case 10, etc.
  • the torque and / or power transmission from the main drive 2 to the crusher 50 can be interrupted by the switchable fluid coupling 30. This enables the main drive 2 to be started and run up. It also enables the main drive 2 to be quickly decoupled from the crusher 50, for example if the crusher 50 is blocked or overloaded. Damage to the crusher 50 and the drive system 1 can thus be avoided.
  • Figure 2 shows that in Figure 1 The drive system 1 shown with an additional auxiliary drive 60.
  • a third and a fourth hydraulic pump 22, 23, 24 are connected to the transfer case 10 in the drive system shown.
  • the second and fourth hydraulic pumps 22, 24 are coupled directly to the third gear 12.3 of the transfer case 10, while the first and third hydraulic pumps 21, 23 via the Clutch 13 are coupled to the second gear 12.2 of the transfer case 10 so that they can be switched on and off.
  • the main drive 2 and the switchable fluid coupling 30 are each fastened to the housing 11 of the transfer case 10 via a torsional vibration coupling 3, 4.
  • the torsional vibratory clutches 3, 4 have a damping effect in the circumferential direction and compensate for small offsets in the axis alignment.
  • the auxiliary drive 60 is in the present case designed as a hydraulic motor. In the exemplary embodiment shown, it is driven by the switchable third hydraulic pump 23. The auxiliary drive 60 can be switched on and off by appropriate actuation of the clutch 13. The auxiliary drive 60 acts via a belt pulley 61 on the belt drive 42 of the belt drive 40. When the switchable fluid coupling 30 is decoupled, the belt drive 40 and thus the crusher 50 connected to the belt drive 40 can be moved with the aid of the auxiliary drive 60. This allows the crusher 50 to be rotated into a suitable maintenance position, for example. It is also possible to rotate the crusher 50 counter to its working direction predetermined by the direction of rotation of the main drive 2. In this way, a previous blockage of the crusher 50 can, for example, be lifted.
  • the auxiliary drive 60 can also be used to assist in starting the crusher 50. For this purpose, the crusher 50 can be accelerated to a predetermined speed with the aid of the auxiliary drive 60 before and / or during the filling of the switchable fluid coupling 30.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
EP18742972.5A 2017-10-25 2018-07-12 Antriebssystem zum betrieb eines brechers und verfahren zum betrieb eines brechers Active EP3700676B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017124961.3A DE102017124961B3 (de) 2017-10-25 2017-10-25 Antriebssystem zum Antrieb eines Brechers und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Brechers
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US20210239144A1 (en) 2021-08-05
CN111212689A (zh) 2020-05-29

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