EP3699362A1 - Coupling system for reversibly coupling an implement to a working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

Main coupling part (1) for a coupling system for the interchangeable coupling of an attachment to a working machine, the main coupling part being able to be coupled to a secondary coupling part (2), the main coupling part comprising a first open-edged insertion opening (4) for receiving one with its longitudinal axis (24) parallel to a transverse direction (22) oriented first fastening bolt (5) of the secondary coupling part, - a contact surface (10) for a fastening element (6) of the secondary coupling part, the contact surface of the first open-edged insertion opening being arranged opposite, viewed in a longitudinal direction (7), - a locking slide (11), which can be moved back and forth with a main directional component parallel to the longitudinal direction between a release position (12) and a locking position (13), - a hydraulic coupling unit (18) comprising at least one hydraulic coupling (19). According to the invention it is provided that the hydraulic coupling unit can be moved back and forth with a main directional component parallel to the longitudinal direction between a decoupling position (20) and a coupling position (21), the hydraulic coupling unit being arranged behind the locking slide, viewed in a normal direction (23), the normal direction being , the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction are mutually normal to each other.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

• eine erste randoffene Einführöffnung zur Aufnahme eines mit seiner Längsachse parallel zu einer Querrichtung orientierten ersten Befestigungsbolzens des Nebenkupplungsteils,
• eine Anlagefläche für ein Befestigungselement, insbesondere für einen zweiten Befestigungsbolzen, des Nebenkupplungsteils, wobei in einer Längsrichtung gesehen die Anlagefläche der ersten randoffenen Einführöffnung gegenüberliegend angeordnet ist,
• einen Verriegelungsschieber, der mit einer Hauptrichtungskomponente parallel zur Längsrichtung zwischen einer Freigabestellung und einer Verriegelungsstellung hin und her bewegbar ist, um den Hauptkupplungsteil und den Nebenkupplungsteil wahlweise mechanisch zu kuppeln und zu lösen,
• eine Hydraulikkupplungseinheit umfassend mindestens eine Hydraulikkupplung.

The present invention relates to a main coupling part for a coupling system for interchangeable coupling of an attachment to a working machine, the main coupling part being intended for connection to the working machine and being capable of being coupled to a secondary coupling part, the secondary coupling part being provided for connection to the attachment, comprising the main coupling part

• a first open-edged insertion opening for receiving a first fastening bolt of the secondary coupling part, oriented with its longitudinal axis parallel to a transverse direction,
• a contact surface for a fastening element, in particular for a second fastening bolt, of the secondary coupling part, the contact surface of the first open-edged insertion opening being arranged opposite, viewed in a longitudinal direction,
• a locking slide which can be moved back and forth with a main directional component parallel to the longitudinal direction between a release position and a locking position in order to selectively mechanically couple and release the main coupling part and the secondary coupling part,
• a hydraulic coupling unit comprising at least one hydraulic coupling.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a secondary coupling part for a coupling system for interchangeable coupling of an attachment to a work machine, the secondary coupling part being provided for connection to the attachment and being capable of being coupled to a main coupling part according to the invention, the secondary coupling part having a first fastening bolt and a fastening element which are extend parallel to a first direction and define a reference plane,
wherein the fastening element is preferably designed as a second fastening bolt and the longitudinal axes of the first fastening bolt and the second fastening bolt run parallel to the first direction and are arranged in the reference plane,
wherein the first fastening bolt and the fastening element are arranged one behind the other as seen in a second direction, the second direction being normal to the first direction and parallel to the reference plane, and wherein a hydraulic coupling unit comprising at least one hydraulic coupling is provided.

Finally, the present invention relates to a clutch system comprising a main clutch part according to the invention and a secondary clutch part according to the invention.

STATE OF THE ART

Coupling systems for interchangeably coupling an attachment to a work machine are known from the prior art, the respective coupling system having a main coupling part for connection to the work machine and a secondary coupling part for connection to the attachment. For example, with one from the EP 1325196 B1 known coupling system Attachment in the form of an excavator shovel can be mechanically coupled to a working machine in the form of an excavator boom.

In contrast to excavator shovels, it is quite common for other attachments to have hydraulically driven or actuatable components. An example of such an attachment would be a gripper with hydraulically operated gripping arms. Such an attachment therefore usually has to be coupled to the work machine not only mechanically but also hydraulically. Correspondingly, it is known from the prior art to expand the above-mentioned clutch systems by hydraulic clutches which are arranged at one end as viewed along the longitudinal axis of the respective main or secondary clutch part. The hydraulic couplings are oriented normal to the longitudinal axis and normal to a transverse axis of the respective main or secondary coupling part.

The disadvantage of this solution is that these coupling systems or the respective main or secondary coupling part are significantly longer, which makes applications in tight spaces difficult.

In addition, this arrangement of the hydraulic couplings is relatively prone to damage despite any protective plates that may be present, since the hydraulic couplings can usually hardly be seen by the user of the work machine.

In particular, if a main coupling part with such hydraulic couplings is used to couple a secondary coupling part without hydraulic couplings, which can be the case, for example, when the secondary coupling part is connected to an excavator shovel (without hydraulically actuated components), the result is the clearly protruding hydraulic couplings of the main coupling part critical situations. In the example mentioned, the latter inevitably arise when digging with the excavator shovel.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a possibility for coupling an attachment to a work machine which avoids the disadvantages mentioned above. In particular, a hydraulic clutch should be made possible that is significantly more space-saving and minimizes the risk of damage to any hydraulic clutches that may be present.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

• eine erste randoffene Einführöffnung zur Aufnahme eines mit seiner Längsachse parallel zu einer Querrichtung orientierten ersten Befestigungsbolzens des Nebenkupplungsteils,
• eine Anlagefläche für ein Befestigungselement, insbesondere für einen zweiten Befestigungsbolzen, des Nebenkupplungsteils, wobei in einer Längsrichtung gesehen die Anlagefläche der ersten randoffenen Einführöffnung gegenüberliegend angeordnet ist,
• einen Verriegelungsschieber, der mit einer Hauptrichtungskomponente parallel zur Längsrichtung zwischen einer Freigabestellung und einer Verriegelungsstellung hin und her bewegbar ist, um den Hauptkupplungsteil und den Nebenkupplungsteil wahlweise mechanisch zu kuppeln und zu lösen,
• eine Hydraulikkupplungseinheit umfassend mindestens eine Hydraulikkupplung, erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass die Hydraulikkupplungseinheit mit einer Hauptrichtungskomponente parallel zur Längsrichtung zwischen einer Entkopplungsstellung und einer Kopplungsstellung hin und her bewegbar ist, wobei die Hydraulikkupplungseinheit in einer Normalrichtung gesehen hinter dem Verriegelungsschieber angeordnet ist, wobei die Normalrichtung, die Querrichtung und die Längsrichtung wechselseitig normal aufeinander stehen.

The idea on which the invention is based for solving the above-mentioned problem is to arrange components for the mechanical clutch on the one hand and components for the hydraulic clutch on the other hand not next to one another but one above the other. On the one hand, this saves space, on the other hand protruding elements, in particular protruding hydraulic couplings, are avoided, which also minimizes the risk of damaging these elements. Correspondingly, a main coupling part for a coupling system for interchangeable coupling of an attachment to a working machine, the main coupling part being provided for connection to the working machine and being connectable to a secondary coupling part, the secondary coupling part being provided for connection to the attachment, comprising the main coupling part

• a first open-edged insertion opening for receiving a first fastening bolt of the secondary coupling part, oriented with its longitudinal axis parallel to a transverse direction,
• a contact surface for a fastening element, in particular for a second fastening bolt, of the secondary coupling part, the contact surface of the first open-edged insertion opening being arranged opposite, viewed in a longitudinal direction,
• a locking slide which can be moved back and forth with a main directional component parallel to the longitudinal direction between a release position and a locking position in order to selectively mechanically couple and release the main coupling part and the secondary coupling part,
• A hydraulic coupling unit comprising at least one hydraulic coupling, provided according to the invention that the hydraulic coupling unit can be moved back and forth with a main directional component parallel to the longitudinal direction between a decoupling position and a coupling position, the hydraulic coupling unit being arranged behind the locking slide, seen in a normal direction, the normal direction being the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction are mutually normal to each other.

The connection of the main coupling part to the work machine is to be understood in such a way that additional elements can be interposed in a manner known per se. If the working machine is, for example, an excavator boom, it would be conceivable to connect the main coupling part directly to the excavator boom or e.g. with the interposition of a swivel motor or rotary motor.

The coupling of the attachment to the work machine in any case includes mechanical coupling or fastening and can also include a hydraulic connection. In other words, the attachment may or may not have hydraulically operated components. For example, the attachment can be an excavator shovel without hydraulically operated components or a gripper with hydraulically operated components Gripper arms. The working machine can be, for example, an excavator boom.

The respective attachment can be connected to the secondary coupling part in a manner known per se, for example by means of a screw connection.

In particular, the main coupling part according to the invention can be mechanically coupled with known auxiliary coupling parts without hydraulic couplings - and thus also with the attachments attached to such auxiliary coupling parts, for example excavator shovels.

The transverse direction, the longitudinal direction and the normal direction are defined by the main coupling part, the longitudinal axis of which is parallel to the longitudinal direction. Correspondingly, these directions could also be referred to as "transverse direction of the main coupling part", "longitudinal direction of the main coupling part" and "normal direction of the main coupling part".

Typically, viewed in the longitudinal direction, the first open-edged insertion opening and the contact surface are arranged in opposite end regions of the main coupling part.

In order to enable a stable reception of the first fastening bolt in the first open-edged receiving opening, the latter extends parallel to the transverse direction. Analogously, the contact surface also extends parallel to the transverse direction in order to enable a stable contact of the fastening element, in particular the second fastening bolt, on the contact surface.

The fastening element can deviate from the bolt shape and can, for example, be wedge-shaped or designed as a plate or block with recesses. The geometry of the locking slide can be in a known manner be adapted to the geometry of the fastening element in order to be able to achieve a form fit and / or force fit with the fastening element in the locking position.

The movement of the locking slide does not have to be exactly parallel to the longitudinal direction, theoretically not even a linear movement is necessary. Only the main directional component of the movement of the locking slide needs to be parallel to the longitudinal direction, i.e. if one or more directional components parallel to the transverse direction and / or normal direction is / are present, these must be smaller in terms of amount than the main directional component.

Similarly, the movement of the hydraulic coupling unit does not have to be exactly parallel to the longitudinal direction; in theory, a linear movement is not even necessary. Only the main directional component of the movement of the hydraulic coupling unit needs to be parallel to the longitudinal direction, i.e. if one or more directional components parallel to the transverse direction and / or normal direction is / are present, these must be smaller in terms of amount than the main directional component.

In order to be able to operate several hydraulically actuated components of a corresponding attachment independently of one another using the main coupling part according to the invention, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the main coupling part according to the invention that several, preferably five, hydraulic couplings are provided. These hydraulic couplings do not have to be arranged linearly next to one another in the hydraulic coupling unit, but can, for example, also be arranged partially offset from one another parallel to the normal direction.

In principle, the most varied of locking slides are known from the prior art, which in the locking position cause a force-fitting and / or form-fitting connection or locking between the main coupling part and the secondary coupling part. In particular, it is known to select the shape of the locking slide at least partially congruent or corresponding to the fastening element, in particular to the second fastening bolt. In order to enable the most stable mechanical coupling possible between the main coupling part and the secondary coupling part, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the main coupling part according to the invention that in the locking position an engagement surface of the locking slide is arranged at least in sections opposite to the contact surface in order to jointly with the contact surface a second open-edged Forming an insertion opening for receiving the second fastening bolt, the engagement surface being designed to press the second fastening bolt against the contact surface in the locking position. For this purpose, the engagement surface can have a corresponding slope and / or curvature. In particular, the engagement surface can be inclined relative to the longitudinal direction so that the second open-edged insertion opening widens in the longitudinal direction.

Said mechanical coupling is given when the first fastening bolt is received in the first open-edged insertion opening and the second fastening bolt in the second open-edged insertion opening.

In order to enable the movement of the locking slide and the hydraulic coupling unit to be controlled as precisely as possible, a preferred embodiment of the main coupling part according to the invention provides that a first drive means, for moving the locking slide, preferably a pneumatic or electric or hydraulic cylinder is provided and a second drive means, preferably a further pneumatic or electric or hydraulic cylinder, is provided for moving the hydraulic coupling unit.

The two drive means, in particular the hydraulic cylinder and the further hydraulic cylinder, are preferably also arranged one behind the other, seen in the normal direction, in order to enable a particularly space-saving solution.

In a preferred embodiment of the main coupling part according to the invention it is provided that a control for the movement of the locking slide and the hydraulic coupling unit is provided, which is set up to only move the hydraulic coupling unit from the decoupling position into the coupling position when the locking slide is in the locking position , and to move the locking slide from the locking position into the release position only when the hydraulic coupling unit is in the decoupling position. In this way, it can be ensured that a hydraulic coupling is only carried out when there is a perfect mechanical coupling between the main coupling part and the secondary coupling part, whereby damage to the hydraulic couplings can in turn be avoided. This is because, in the case of a perfect mechanical coupling, the hydraulic couplings of the main coupling part have a well-defined position, so that a secure connection with any hydraulic couplings on the side of the secondary coupling part can be guaranteed.

The control can, for example, be an electronic control or a purely one hydraulic, in particular a hydraulic sequence control, or a combination of such controls.

In order to ensure a precise movement of the locking slide and at the same time a high mechanical stability of the main coupling part in a structurally simple manner, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the main coupling part according to the invention that the main coupling part comprises a base body which has a guide for the locking slide, with the locking slide is received at least in sections in mutually opposite groove-shaped guide surfaces of the guide.

The base body can, for example, have two opposite plate-shaped sections, in each of which one of the groove-shaped guide surfaces of the guide for the locking slide is arranged.

In order to ensure a precise movement of the hydraulic coupling unit and, at the same time, high mechanical stability of the main coupling part in a structurally simple manner, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the main coupling part according to the invention that the main coupling part comprises a base body which has a guide for the hydraulic coupling unit, with the hydraulic coupling unit is received at least in sections in mutually opposite groove-shaped guide surfaces of the guide.

The base body can have, for example, two opposite plate-shaped sections, in each of which one of the groove-shaped guide surfaces of the guide for the hydraulic coupling unit is arranged.

To the main coupling part according to the invention a secondary coupling part not only mechanically, but also To be able to couple hydraulically optimally, it is with a secondary coupling part for a coupling system for exchangeable coupling of an attachment with a working machine, wherein the secondary coupling part is provided for connection to the attachment and can be coupled to a main coupling part according to the invention, the secondary coupling part having a first fastening bolt and a fastening element which extend parallel to a first direction and define a reference plane,
wherein the fastening element is preferably designed as a second fastening bolt and the longitudinal axes of the first fastening bolt and the second fastening bolt run parallel to the first direction and are arranged in the reference plane,
wherein the first fastening bolt and the fastening element are arranged one behind the other as seen in a second direction, the second direction being normal to the first direction and parallel to the reference plane, and wherein a hydraulic coupling unit comprising at least one hydraulic coupling is provided, according to the invention it is provided that the hydraulic coupling unit in is arranged behind the reference plane viewed in a third direction, the third direction being normal to the first direction and to the second direction, and that the at least one hydraulic coupling of the secondary coupling part is set up for coupling with the at least one hydraulic coupling of the main coupling part.

What has already been said above in connection with the locking slide naturally applies to the fastening element.

What was said above applies to possible attachments, ie they can have hydraulically operated components. What has been said above about the working machine also applies, ie it can be an excavator boom, for example.

The first direction, the second direction and the third direction are defined by the sub-clutch part, the longitudinal axis of which is parallel to the second direction. Correspondingly, these directions could also be referred to as “first direction or transverse direction of the secondary clutch part”, “second direction or longitudinal direction of the secondary clutch part” and “third direction or normal direction of the secondary clutch part”.

The arrangement of the hydraulic coupling unit of the secondary coupling part allows the hydraulic connection or coupling with the main coupling part or with its at least one hydraulic coupling, the positions of the hydraulic couplings on the hydraulic coupling units being coordinated accordingly.

The at least one hydraulic coupling of the secondary coupling part is designed in a manner known per se as a counterpart to the hydraulic coupling of the main coupling part. For example, at least one “male” hydraulic coupling of the secondary coupling part and at least one “female” hydraulic coupling of the main coupling part can be provided.

A coupling of the hydraulic clutches of the main coupling part and the secondary coupling part is thus enabled when the main coupling part and the secondary coupling part are mechanically coupled and the hydraulic coupling unit of the main coupling part is in the coupling position.

It is conceivable that in the mechanical coupling of the main clutch part and the secondary clutch part, the longitudinal direction of the main clutch part is parallel to or coincides with the second direction of the secondary clutch part. Even in such a case it is not mandatory that the hydraulic couplings of the Secondary coupling part are oriented parallel to the second direction, since ultimately the movement of the hydraulic coupling unit of the main coupling part is decisive, which in turn need not be exactly parallel to the longitudinal direction of the main coupling part. Accordingly, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the secondary clutch part according to the invention that the second direction and a longitudinal axis of the at least one hydraulic clutch of the secondary clutch part enclose an angle of a maximum of 10 °, preferably a maximum of 5 °. This ensures a particularly simple construction and a particularly reliable hydraulic connection between the main coupling part and the secondary coupling part. The angle specifications are to be understood as absolute values, ie the exact alignment, in particular whether up or down, the second direction and the longitudinal axis of the at least one hydraulic coupling of the secondary coupling part to one another is not important.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the secondary clutch part according to the invention, it is provided that at least one guide pin is provided, which protrudes from the hydraulic clutch unit of the secondary clutch part parallel to the longitudinal axis of the at least one hydraulic clutch of the secondary clutch part and points against the second direction. The guide pin can, for example, be inserted into a corresponding recess in the hydraulic coupling unit of the main coupling part when the hydraulic coupling unit of the main coupling part moves from the decoupling position into the coupling position. This achieves a precise alignment of the two hydraulic coupling units and thus the associated hydraulic couplings during this movement so that the hydraulic couplings are reliably coupled.

In order to be able to optimally compensate for slight misalignments of the hydraulic clutch units - and thus the hydraulic clutches of the main clutch part and the secondary clutch part - in a preferred embodiment of the secondary clutch part according to the invention, the hydraulic clutch unit of the secondary clutch part is elastically supported, preferably by means of at least one rubber or damping plate Plastic. For example, it would be conceivable that such a misorientation is caused by soiling or wear and tear on the main coupling part and / or the secondary coupling part, so that a perfect orientation of the hydraulic coupling units with respect to one another cannot be guaranteed during mechanical coupling. When the hydraulic coupling unit of the main coupling part is moved into the coupling position, a reliable coupling of the hydraulic couplings can still be achieved in that the hydraulic coupling unit of the secondary coupling part is forced into the correct orientation by the hydraulic coupling unit of the main coupling part when it moves into the coupling position.

The latter can for example be supported by the above-mentioned at least one guide pin.

In order to be able to operate several hydraulically actuatable components of a corresponding attachment independently of one another using the secondary clutch part according to the invention, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the secondary clutch part according to the invention that the hydraulic coupling unit of the secondary clutch part comprises several, preferably five, hydraulic clutches. These hydraulic couplings do not have to be arranged linearly next to one another in the hydraulic coupling unit of the secondary coupling part, but can, for example, also be arranged partially offset from one another parallel to the third direction - according to the positions of the hydraulic couplings of the main coupling part.

In a preferred embodiment of the secondary clutch part according to the invention, it is provided that the hydraulic clutch unit of the secondary clutch part has at least one hydraulic line connection, the at least one hydraulic line connection being in fluidic connection with the at least one hydraulic coupling of the secondary clutch part and pointing to the reference plane. At least one hydraulic line can be connected to the at least one hydraulic line connection in order to supply at least one hydraulic drive of the attachment with hydraulic oil.

Typically, the orientation of the at least one hydraulic line connection is essentially normal to the orientation of the associated hydraulic coupling. The hydraulic oil is correspondingly diverted in the hydraulic clutch unit of the secondary clutch part by approx. 90 ° - typically in the direction of the hydraulic drive to be supplied. Since compact dimensions of the hydraulic coupling unit of the secondary coupling part are typically provided, the resulting geometry - with a relatively narrow radius - can be a hindrance for the path of the hydraulic oil to be covered at very high flow rates of the hydraulic oil. In order to alternatively or additionally enable very high flow rates, it is provided in a preferred embodiment of the secondary clutch part according to the invention that the hydraulic coupling unit of the secondary clutch part has at least one hydraulic high flow line connection, the at least one hydraulic high flow line connection being in fluidic connection with the at least one hydraulic coupling of the secondary clutch part and in Points essentially in the second direction.

I.e. the at least one hydraulic high-flow line connection can alternatively or additionally be provided.

The orientation of the at least one hydraulic high-flow line connection is essentially analogous to the orientation of the corresponding hydraulic coupling of the secondary coupling part. In particular, a longitudinal axis of the hydraulic high-flow line connection can also enclose the same angle with the second direction as the longitudinal axis of the corresponding hydraulic coupling. Because of this orientation, there is no diversion of the hydraulic oil between the corresponding hydraulic coupling and the hydraulic high-flow line connection within the hydraulic coupling unit of the secondary coupling part, which enables very high flow rates. Any necessary diversions can be made generously - with separate lines with large radii - outside the hydraulic coupling unit.

Analogous to what has been said above, according to the invention a clutch system comprising a main coupling part according to the invention and a secondary coupling part according to the invention is provided, the at least one hydraulic coupling of the main coupling part with the at least one hydraulic coupling of the secondary coupling part by transferring the hydraulic coupling unit of the main coupling part into the coupling position, if the main coupling part can be fluidically coupled if the main coupling part Secondary coupling part are mechanically coupled. The decoupling is achieved accordingly by moving or transferring the hydraulic coupling unit of the main coupling part into the decoupling position.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The invention will now be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment. The drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the concept of the invention, but in no way restrict it or reproduce it conclusively.

Fig. 1

eine axonometrische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Hauptkupplungsteils von schräg oben

Fig. 2

eine axonometrische Ansicht des Hauptkupplungsteils aus Fig. 1 von schräg unten

Fig. 3

eine axonometrische Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Nebenkupplungsteils von schräg oben

Fig. 4

eine axonometrische Ansicht des Nebenkupplungsteils aus Fig. 3 von schräg unten

Fig. 5

eine Schnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Kupplungssystems umfassend den Hauptkupplungsteil, welcher mit einer Arbeitsmaschine verbunden ist, und den am Hauptkupplungsteil angeordneten Nebenkupplungsteil, wobei noch keine Kupplung erfolgt ist

Fig. 6

eine Schnittansicht des Kupplungssystems mit dem Hauptkupplungsteil und dem daran gekuppelten Nebenkupplungsteil

It shows:

Fig. 1

an axonometric view of a main coupling part according to the invention obliquely from above

Fig. 2

an axonometric view of the main coupling part Fig. 1 from diagonally below

Fig. 3

an axonometric view of a secondary clutch part according to the invention obliquely from above

Fig. 4

an axonometric view of the secondary clutch part Fig. 3 from diagonally below

Fig. 5

a sectional view of a coupling system according to the invention comprising the main coupling part, which is connected to a work machine, and the secondary coupling part arranged on the main coupling part, with no coupling having yet taken place

Fig. 6

a sectional view of the coupling system with the main coupling part and the secondary coupling part coupled thereto

WAYS OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Fig. 1 shows in an axonometric view obliquely from above a main coupling part 1 according to the invention for a coupling system for interchangeable coupling of an attachment to a work machine. Fig. 2 shows the main coupling part 1 in an axonometric view obliquely from below.

The main coupling part 1 is provided for connection to the work machine and with a secondary coupling part 2, cf. FIGS. 3 and 4 , which is intended for connection to the attachment, can be coupled. The coupling of the attachment to the working machine thus mediated in any case includes a mechanical coupling or fastening and can also include a hydraulic connection.

The main coupling part 1 has a carrier device 42 with which a connection to the work machine can be established in a manner known per se, cf. Fig. 5 in which arms 47 of a work machine, in particular an excavator boom, are connected to the carrier device 42 - by means of bolts in corresponding bolt receptacles on the carrier device 42 and the arms 47.

Optionally, at least one load hook 44 is provided on the carrier device 42, on which, for example, belt loops can be hung.

A base body 3 of the main coupling part 1 is arranged below the carrier device 42 or in front of the carrier device 42 when viewed in a normal direction 23 and is connected to the carrier device 42 in a manner known per se - for example by welding or screwing. The base body 3 extends in a longitudinal direction 7 from a first end area 8 to a second end area 9. In the first end area 8, the base body 3 has an open-edged insertion opening 4 (one could also speak of a receiving fork), which is used to receive a first fastening bolt 5 of the secondary clutch part 2 is used. The recording takes place in such a way that the fastening bolt 5 is oriented with its longitudinal axis 24 parallel to a transverse direction 22. The longitudinal direction 7, the transverse direction 22 and the normal direction 23 are thereby defined by the Main coupling part 1 defines and are mutually normal to one another.

The secondary coupling part 2 also has a fastening element in the form of a second fastening bolt 6, the longitudinal axis 25 of which runs parallel to the longitudinal axis 24 of the first fastening bolt 5 and is aligned with the longitudinal axis 24 in a reference plane 26 (in Fig. 3 indicated by the dashed line). The longitudinal axes 24, 25 run parallel to a first direction 27 and are arranged one behind the other as seen in a second direction 28. The second direction 28 is normal to the first direction 27 and is parallel to the reference plane 26. The first direction 27, the second direction 28 and a third direction 29 are defined by the secondary clutch part 2 and are mutually normal to one another.

In the second end region 9, the base body 3 of the main coupling part 1 has a contact surface 10 for the fastening element or the second fastening bolt 6. The contact surface 10 lies opposite the first open-edged insertion opening 4. For the mechanical coupling of the secondary coupling part 2 with the main coupling part 1, the first fastening bolt 5 is first brought into engagement with the open-edged insertion opening 4 and the contact surface 10 with the second fastening bolt 6, cf. Fig. 5 . In order to ensure correct alignment of the secondary coupling part 2 and the main coupling part 1 with one another, two guide elements 43 are provided on the main coupling part 1, which protrude outward from opposite sides of the base body 3 parallel to the transverse direction 22. The secondary coupling part 2 has correspondingly shaped forks 46 which are brought into engagement with the guide elements 43.

In order to establish the mechanical coupling or a mechanically stable connection between the main coupling part 1 and the secondary coupling part 2, a locking slide 11 is provided in the main coupling part 1, which with a main directional component parallel to the longitudinal direction 7 between a release position 12, cf. Fig. 5 , and a locking position 13, cf. Fig. 6 , is movable to and fro in order to mechanically couple and release the main clutch part 1 and the secondary clutch part 2 selectively. In Fig. 5 a locking direction 49, in which the locking slide 11 is moved during locking, is shown. As is easy to see, the locking direction 49 deviates only slightly, in the illustrated embodiment by 4 °, from the longitudinal direction 7. That is, the main directional component of the locking direction 49 or the opposite direction is parallel to the longitudinal direction 7.

In the illustrated embodiment, in the locking position 13, an engagement surface 16 of the locking slide 11 is arranged at least in sections opposite the contact surface 10 in order to form, together with the contact surface 10, a second, open-edged insertion opening 17 for receiving the second fastening bolt 6. The engagement surface 16 is designed to press the second fastening bolt 6 against the contact surface 10 in the locking position 13, so that in the locking position 13 not only a form fit, but also a force fit between the locking slide 11 and the second fastening bolt 6 can be achieved. In the illustrated embodiment, the engagement surface 16 has a corresponding incline and / or curvature and is inclined relative to the longitudinal direction 7 such that the second open-edged insertion opening 17 widens in the longitudinal direction 7.

In order to also enable a hydraulic coupling between the work machine and the attachment, the main coupling part 1 has a hydraulic coupling unit 18 with at least one hydraulic coupling 19 - in the illustrated embodiment, essentially block-shaped - with five hydraulic couplings 19 being provided in the illustrated embodiment. According to the invention, it is provided that the hydraulic coupling unit 18 can be moved back and forth with a main directional component parallel to the longitudinal direction 7 between a decoupling position 20 and a coupling position 21, the hydraulic coupling unit 18 being arranged behind the locking slide 11 as seen in the normal direction 23. In Fig. 5 a coupling direction 50, in which the hydraulic coupling unit 18 is moved for the hydraulic coupling, is shown. As is easy to see, in the exemplary embodiment shown, the coupling direction 50 is essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction 7. That is, the main direction component of the coupling direction 50 or the opposite direction is in any case parallel to the longitudinal direction 7.

The secondary coupling part 2 accordingly also has a - in the illustrated embodiment, essentially block-shaped - hydraulic coupling unit 34 with a corresponding number of hydraulic couplings 35 - five in the illustrated embodiment - the hydraulic couplings 35 being counterparts to the hydraulic couplings 19 in order to be able to act in a manner known per se to be connected or coupled to these. According to the invention, the hydraulic coupling unit 34 is arranged behind the reference plane 26 as seen in the third direction 29. This enables the connection or coupling of the hydraulic clutches 19 and 35 when the main clutch part 1 and the secondary clutch part 2 are mechanically coupled and the Hydraulic coupling unit 18 is moved into the coupling position 21. Correspondingly, the connection or coupling of the hydraulic couplings 19 and 35 can be released when the main coupling part 1 and the secondary coupling part 2 are mechanically coupled and the hydraulic coupling unit 18 moves from the coupling position 21 into the decoupling position 20.

To ensure that the hydraulic coupling is only established or released when there is a mechanical coupling between the main coupling part 1 and the secondary coupling part 2, a control (not shown) for the movement of the locking slide 11 and the hydraulic coupling unit 18 is provided in the illustrated embodiment, which is set up for this purpose is to move the hydraulic coupling unit 18 from the decoupling position 20 to the coupling position 21 only when the locking slide 11 is in the locking position 13, and only to move the locking slide 11 from the locking position 13 to the release position 12 when the hydraulic coupling unit is 18 is in the decoupling position 20.

To move the locking slide 11 of the main coupling part 1, a hydraulic cylinder 14 is provided in the illustrated embodiment. In addition, the main coupling part 1 has a further hydraulic cylinder 15 which is used to move the hydraulic coupling unit 18. The further hydraulic cylinder 15 lies above the hydraulic cylinder 14 or behind the hydraulic cylinder 14 when viewed in the normal direction 23 Fig. 5 a check valve 41 provided for the further hydraulic cylinder 15 can also be seen. The two hydraulic cylinders 14, 15 are actuated in the above-mentioned manner by the controller, which can for example be designed as a hydraulic sequence controller.

To ensure a precise movement of the locking slide 11, the base body 3 has a guide 30 for the locking slide 11, the locking slide 11 being received at least in sections in mutually opposite groove-shaped guide surfaces 31 of the guide 30. The guide surfaces 31 are arranged in opposing plate-shaped sections of the base body 3. Similarly, to ensure a precise movement of the hydraulic coupling unit 18 in the base body 3, a guide 32 is provided for the hydraulic coupling unit 18, the hydraulic coupling unit 18 being received at least in sections in mutually opposite groove-shaped guide surfaces 33 of the guide 32. The guide surfaces 33 are also arranged in the plate-shaped sections of the base body 3.

The alignment of the hydraulic clutches 35 of the secondary clutch part 2 is correspondingly adapted to the direction of movement of the hydraulic clutch unit 18. In the illustrated embodiment, a longitudinal axis 36 (in Fig. 3 indicated by dotted lines) of the hydraulic couplings 35 correspondingly essentially parallel to the second direction 28 or includes an angle zero therewith.

Furthermore, in the illustrated embodiment, two conically tapering guide pins 40 are provided on the hydraulic coupling unit 34, which protrude from the hydraulic coupling unit 34 of the secondary clutch part 2 parallel to the longitudinal axis 36 of the hydraulic clutches 35 of the secondary clutch part 2 and pointing against the second direction 28. Corresponding recesses (not shown) are provided on the hydraulic coupling unit 18 of the main coupling part 1, into which the guide pins 40 can engage when the hydraulic coupling unit 18 moves from the decoupling position 20 into the coupling position 21.

In order to be able to optimally compensate for slight misalignments of the hydraulic clutch units 18, 34 - and thus the hydraulic clutches 19, 35 - in relation to one another, the illustrated embodiment provides that the hydraulic clutch unit 34 of the secondary clutch part 2 is elastically supported by means of a damping plate 37 made of rubber or plastic. The hydraulic coupling unit 34 is in turn fastened to a bracket 48 of the secondary coupling part 2 via the damping plate 37. The console 48 is rigidly connected to two plate-shaped sections of the secondary coupling part 2, which plate-shaped sections also have the forks 46.

In the illustrated embodiment, the hydraulic coupling unit 34 of the secondary clutch part 2 has five hydraulic line connections 38 which are in fluidic connection with the hydraulic clutches 35 of the secondary clutch part 2 and point to the reference plane 26, cf. Fig. 4 . Hydraulic lines (not shown) can be connected to the hydraulic line connections 38 of the secondary clutch part 2 in order to supply hydraulic drives of the attachment part with hydraulic oil.

Similarly, hydraulic line connections 38 are also provided on the main coupling part 1, which are in fluidic connection with the hydraulic couplings 19 and serve to connect hydraulic lines in order to be able to provide hydraulic oil, cf. Fig. 5 .

In order to be able to cope with very high flow rates of hydraulic oil when required, the hydraulic coupling unit 34 of the secondary clutch part 2 has two hydraulic high-flow line connections 39 in the illustrated embodiment, which are in fluidic connection with two hydraulic clutches 35 of the secondary clutch part 2 and essentially into the second direction 28 point. How out Fig. 5 As can be seen, the hydraulic high-flow line connections 39 are passed through the damping plate 37 and through the console 48. In other words, corresponding recesses or bushings for the hydraulic high-flow line connections 39 are provided in the damping plate 37 and the console 48. In each case by means of a hydraulic line elbow 51, the direction of flow of the hydraulic oil is deflected downwards or pointing to the reference plane 26 or against the normal direction 23 and the third direction 29. In this way, hydraulic lines can also be connected from "below" to the hydraulic high-flow line connections 39.

To protect the hydraulic line connections 38 and the hydraulic high-flow line connections 39, the secondary clutch part 2 has a protective plate 45.

REFERENCE LIST

1

Main coupling part

2

Secondary clutch part

3

Base body of the main coupling part

4th

First open-edged insertion opening

5

First fastening bolt

6th

Second fastening bolt

7th

Longitudinal direction

8th

First end area of the base body

9

Second end area of the base body

10

Contact surface

11

Locking slide

12

Release position

13

Locking position

14th

Hydraulic cylinder

15th

Another hydraulic cylinder

16

Engagement surface

17th

Second open-edged insertion opening

18th

Hydraulic coupling unit of the main coupling part

19th

Hydraulic coupling of the main coupling part

20th

Decoupling position

21st

Coupling position

22nd

Transverse direction

23

Normal direction

24

Longitudinal axis of the first fastening bolt

25th

Longitudinal axis of the second fastening bolt

26th

Reference plane

27

First direction

28

Second direction

29

Third direction

30th

Guide for the locking slide

31

Groove-shaped guide surface of the guide for the locking slide

32

Guide for the hydraulic coupling unit

33

Groove-shaped guide surface of the guide for the hydraulic coupling unit

34

Hydraulic coupling unit of the secondary coupling part

35

Hydraulic coupling of the secondary coupling part

36

Longitudinal axis of the hydraulic coupling of the secondary coupling part

37

Damping plate

38

Hydraulic line connection

39

Hydraulic high flow line connection

40

Guide pin

41

Check valve of the further hydraulic cylinder

42

Carrier of the main coupling part

43

Guide element

44

Load hook

45

Fender

46

Fork for engagement with the guide element

47

Arm of a work machine

48

console

49

Locking direction

50

Coupling direction

51

Hydraulic line knee

Claims (15)

Main coupling part (1) for a coupling system for interchangeable coupling of an attachment to a working machine, the main coupling part (1) being intended for connection to the working machine and being able to be coupled to a secondary coupling part (2), the secondary coupling part (2) being intended for connection to the attachment is provided, comprising the main coupling part (1) - A first open-edged insertion opening (4) for receiving a first fastening bolt (5) of the secondary coupling part (2) oriented with its longitudinal axis (24) parallel to a transverse direction (22), - A contact surface (10) for a fastening element, in particular for a second fastening bolt (6), of the secondary coupling part (2), the contact surface (10) of the first open-edged insertion opening (4) being arranged opposite, viewed in a longitudinal direction (7), - A locking slide (11) which can be moved back and forth with a main directional component parallel to the longitudinal direction (7) between a release position (12) and a locking position (13) in order to mechanically close the main coupling part (1) and the secondary coupling part (2) couple and release, - A hydraulic coupling unit (18) comprising at least one hydraulic coupling (19), characterized in that the hydraulic coupling unit (18) can be moved back and forth between a decoupling position (20) and a coupling position (21) with a main directional component parallel to the longitudinal direction (7), wherein the hydraulic coupling unit (18) is arranged behind the locking slide (11) viewed in a normal direction (23), the normal direction (23), the transverse direction (22) and the longitudinal direction (7) being mutually normal to one another. Main coupling part (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that several, preferably five, hydraulic couplings (19) are provided. Main coupling part (1) according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that in the locking position (13) an engagement surface (16) of the locking slide (11) is arranged at least in sections opposite to the contact surface (10) in order to be able to work together with the contact surface (10 ) to form a second open-edged insertion opening (17) for receiving the second fastening bolt (6), the engagement surface (16) being set up to press the second fastening bolt (6) against the contact surface (10) in the locking position (13). Main coupling part (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a first drive means, preferably a pneumatic or electric or hydraulic cylinder (14), is provided for moving the locking slide (11) and a first drive means is provided for moving the hydraulic coupling unit (18) second drive means, preferably a further pneumatic or electric or hydraulic cylinder (15). Main coupling part (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a control for the movement of the locking slide (11) and the hydraulic coupling unit (18) is provided, which is set up to remove the hydraulic coupling unit (18) from the decoupling position (20) to move into the coupling position (21) when the locking slide (11) is in the locking position (13) and only then to move the locking slide (11) from the locking position (13) to the release position (12), when the Hydraulic coupling unit (18) is in the decoupling position (20). Main coupling part (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the main coupling part (1) comprises a base body (3) which has a guide (30) for the locking slide (11), the locking slide (11) at least in sections is received in mutually opposite groove-shaped guide surfaces (31) of the guide (30). Main coupling part (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the main coupling part (1) comprises a base body (3) which has a guide (32) for the hydraulic coupling unit (18), the hydraulic coupling unit (18) at least in sections is received in mutually opposite groove-shaped guide surfaces (33) of the guide (32). Secondary coupling part (2) for a coupling system for interchangeable coupling of an attachment to a working machine, the secondary coupling part (2) being provided for connection to the attachment and being capable of being coupled to a main coupling part (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 7, the secondary coupling part ( 2) has a first fastening bolt (5) and a fastening element which extend parallel to a first direction (27) and define a reference plane (26),
wherein the fastening element is preferably designed as a second fastening bolt (6) and the longitudinal axes (24, 25) of the first fastening bolt (5) and second fastening bolt (6) run parallel to the first direction (27) and are arranged in the reference plane (26),
wherein the first fastening bolt (5) and the fastening element are arranged one behind the other as seen in a second direction (28), the second direction (28) is normal to the first direction (27) and is parallel to the reference plane (26), and wherein a hydraulic coupling unit (34) comprising at least one hydraulic coupling (35) is provided, characterized in that the hydraulic coupling unit (34) in a third Direction (29) is arranged behind the reference plane (26), the third direction being normal to the first direction (27) and to the second direction (28), and that the at least one hydraulic coupling (35) of the secondary coupling part (2) is set up for coupling with the at least one hydraulic coupling (19) of the main coupling part (1). Secondary clutch part (2) according to claim 8, characterized in that the second direction (28) and a longitudinal axis (36) of the at least one hydraulic clutch (35) of the secondary clutch part (2) enclose an angle of a maximum of 10 °, preferably a maximum of 5 °. Secondary coupling part (2) according to claim 9, characterized in that at least one guide pin (40) is provided, which extends from the hydraulic coupling unit (34) of the secondary coupling part (2) parallel to the longitudinal axis (36) of the at least one hydraulic coupling (35) of the secondary coupling part (2 ) and projects against the second direction (28) pointing. Secondary clutch part (2) according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the hydraulic clutch unit (34) of the secondary clutch part (2) is elastically mounted, preferably by means of at least one damping plate (37) made of rubber or plastic. Secondary clutch part (2) according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the hydraulic clutch unit (34) of the secondary clutch part (2) several, preferably five, hydraulic couplings (35). Secondary coupling part (2) according to one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the hydraulic coupling unit (34) of the secondary coupling part (2) has at least one hydraulic line connection (38), the at least one hydraulic line connection (38) with the at least one hydraulic coupling (35) of the secondary coupling part (2) is in fluidic connection and points to the reference plane (26). Secondary coupling part (2) according to one of claims 8 to 13, characterized in that the hydraulic coupling unit (34) of the secondary coupling part (2) has at least one hydraulic high flow line connection (39), wherein the at least one hydraulic high flow line connection (39) with the at least one hydraulic coupling (35) of the secondary coupling part (2) is in fluidic connection and essentially points in the second direction (28). Coupling system comprising a main coupling part (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7 and a secondary coupling part (2) according to one of claims 8 to 14, wherein the at least one hydraulic coupling (19) of the main coupling part (1) with the at least one hydraulic coupling (35) of the Secondary coupling part (2) can be fluidically coupled by moving the hydraulic coupling unit (18) of the main coupling part (1) into the coupling position (21) when the main coupling part (1) and the secondary coupling part (2) are mechanically coupled.

Images