EP1325196A2 - Assembly for exchangeably fastening an add-on, for example an excavator shovel, to an excavator boom or a vehicle - Google Patents

Assembly for exchangeably fastening an add-on, for example an excavator shovel, to an excavator boom or a vehicle

Info

Publication number
EP1325196A2
EP1325196A2 EP01986733A EP01986733A EP1325196A2 EP 1325196 A2 EP1325196 A2 EP 1325196A2 EP 01986733 A EP01986733 A EP 01986733A EP 01986733 A EP01986733 A EP 01986733A EP 1325196 A2 EP1325196 A2 EP 1325196A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydraulic
gripper
grippers
drive
excavator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01986733A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1325196B1 (en
Inventor
Dietmar Martin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Josef Martin GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Josef Martin GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Josef Martin GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Josef Martin GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AT01986733T priority Critical patent/ATE270732T1/en
Priority to SI200130162T priority patent/SI1325196T1/en
Publication of EP1325196A2 publication Critical patent/EP1325196A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1325196B1 publication Critical patent/EP1325196B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E02F3/3618—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat with two separating hooks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E02F3/3663—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat hydraulically-operated

Definitions

  • an attachment e.g. an excavator bucket, an excavator boom or a vehicle
  • the invention relates to an arrangement for the interchangeable attachment of an attachment, e.g. an excavator shovel, on an excavator boom or a vehicle, with two attaching bolts arranged parallel to each other at a distance from each other, which can be gripped by grippers, which are adjustable on a mounting web on the excavator boom or on the vehicle and can be actuated by a hydraulically or pneumatically acting drive , wherein the grippers have open insertion openings for the retaining bolts in directions facing away from one another, and wherein the longitudinal axis of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive for adjusting the grippers, the central axis of the retaining bolts and the central axis of the insertion openings on the grippers lie at least approximately in one plane.
  • a known device for the interchangeable attachment of a tool-like attachment to the front end of an excavator arm provides that the insertion openings of two grippers are aligned offset from one another by approximately 90 °. After threading the one gripper into the one holding bolt, the entire arrangement is pivoted about this holding bolt until the other gripper with the insertion opening lying transversely thereto grips the other holding bolt. The insertion opening of the second gripper can now be blocked by means of a hydraulically displaceable locking element. All of the forces affect the locking element.
  • a quick-change device for an excavator bucket to be attached to an excavator boom is known (EP-A-0058058), on the one hand there is a gripper which can be pressed onto a correspondingly designed bar.
  • a hook-like part is arranged on the boom, which has an opening facing towards a hydraulic drive with an oblique boundary surface on one side.
  • a clamping shoe arranged on the piston of the hydraulic drive has a rectified oblique boundary surface, so that the interaction of the two oblique boundary surfaces enables locking and tensioning.
  • Movable suspension of the hydraulic drive cylinder is also essential here.
  • the invention has now set itself the task of creating an arrangement of the type mentioned, which enables a quick and easy change of attachments and in which, above all, the introduction of force and thus the power transmission between the boom or vehicle and the attachment can be optimized.
  • this is achieved in that a gripper is fixedly and immovably arranged on the assembly web of the excavator boom or the vehicle and the cylinder of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive is firmly connected to this assembly web and thus to this gripper, and in that the adjustable gripper is connected to the piston of the hydraulic one or pneumatic drive is firmly connected, the guide for this gripper from both sides in pairs trained plates is formed, which are aligned parallel to each other and parallel to the axial direction of the drive.
  • the force transmission between the mounting bracket of the boom or of the vehicle and the add-on part can take place directly via the bolts and the grippers, without the hydraulic or pneumatic drive having to absorb high forces.
  • the hydraulic or pneumatic drive only has to hold the two grippers at a corresponding distance from one another. This clamping force goes directly to the center of the drive and thus to the center of the piston and the cylinder. Since there is only one rectilinearly displaceable gripper and all displaceable and force-absorbing parts with their central axes are at least approximately in a common plane, optimal force introduction and transmission is possible.
  • the possibility of optimal power transmission is additionally supplemented from a design point of view.
  • the gripper which can be moved in the guide, can be loaded accordingly by a torque, whereby no forces can be transmitted to the hydraulic or pneumatic drive through this special guide. This is precisely the reason why the structurally unique possibility was created to firmly connect the parts of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive to the grippers. This means that no transverse forces or bending moments can affect the parts of the drive.
  • a special embodiment provides that the gripper is part of a mounting web forming a construction element, the cylinder of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive being firmly screwed to an inserted cross bar. It is therefore possible to manufacture and assemble in a simple but precise manner, without the need for subsequent adjustments. There are therefore no fitting bolts or bearing eyes to be used for the drive.
  • the fixed gripper is formed by the two plates, which are aligned parallel to one another at a distance and which have corresponding insertion openings for form-fitting attachments are provided on the retaining bolt.
  • These side plates not only bring about a special stability of the crossbar that grips the add-on part, but it also creates a construction element that enables simple attachment to the add-on parts and optimal power transmission between the boom or vehicle and the add-on part.
  • a simple design variant results from the fact that a piston rod connected to the piston of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive is designed as a threaded bolt at its free end and is screwed into a threaded bore on the rear of the gripper. It is also a simple design and assembly of the entire parts of the drive has become possible because a gripper is formed as part of the plates, the cylinder of the drive is firmly connected to this gripper and the second gripper is in turn slidably guided on these plates.
  • FIG. 1 shows an excavator boom with attached excavator shovel, the arrangement for interchangeable attachment being shown partially cut away;
  • FIG. 3 shows a view of the arrangement without attachment according to the line III-III in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 shows a view of the arrangement without attachment according to the line IV-IV in Fig.3.
  • an excavator boom with an attachable excavator bucket is explained using the drawings.
  • the arrangement according to the invention can of course be used wherever any attachments, such as shovels, shields, tools, load-bearing elements, grippers, driven elements and tools, etc., on another part, for example an excavator boom, a vehicle, a machine tool, a municipal vehicle, etc. can be quickly attached or exchanged quickly.
  • a hydraulic drive is mentioned below, although pneumatic and possibly even electrical or mechanical drives can also be used within the scope of the invention.
  • an attachment 1 here an excavator shovel 2
  • These retaining bolts 4, 5 can be gripped by grippers 6, 7, which are arranged on the excavator boom 3 and are hydraulically adjustable relative to one another.
  • the grippers 6, 7 have open insertion openings 8, 9 for the retaining bolts 4, 5 in directions facing away from one another.
  • the longitudinal axis 10 of the hydraulic drive 11 for adjusting the grippers 6, 7, the central axes 12, 13 of the retaining bolts 4, 5 and the central axes 14, 15 of the insertion openings 8, 9 on the grippers 6, 7 at least are approximately in a plane 16.
  • At least one gripper 6 is held axially parallel to the drive 11 in a guide 17 in a straight line.
  • This guide 17 for the one gripper 6 is formed in plates 18, 19 provided in pairs on both sides, these plates being aligned parallel to one another and parallel to the axial direction of the drive 11.
  • a gripper 7 is thus fixedly and immovably arranged on the mounting web 23 of the excavator boom 3 and the cylinder 20 of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive 11 is firmly connected to this mounting web 23 and thus to this gripper 7.
  • the adjustable gripper 6 is firmly connected to the piston 21 of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive 11, wherein the guide 17 for this gripper 6 is formed by plates 18, 19 arranged in pairs on both sides, which are aligned parallel to one another and parallel to the axial direction of the drive 11.
  • the one gripper 7 is part of a mounting web 24 forming a construction element, the cylinder 21 of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive 11 being firmly screwed to an inserted cross web 25.
  • the fixed gripper 7 is formed by the two plates 18, 19 which are aligned parallel to one another at a distance and have corresponding insertion openings 9 for form-fitting attachment to the holding bolt 5. At the ends of the plates 18, 19 opposite the insertion openings 9, circular cutouts (26) are formed for resting on the other holding bolt (4).
  • the hydraulic or pneumatic drive 11 is arranged between the two plates 18, 19 aligned parallel to one another.
  • a piston rod 27 connected to the piston 21 of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive 11 is designed at its free end as a threaded bolt 29 and screwed into a threaded bore 30 on the rear of the gripper 6.

Abstract

The invention relates to a an assembly for exchangeably fastening an add-on, for example an excavator shovel (2), to an excavator boom (3), whereby retaining bolts (4, 5) spaced apart (A) in parallel are disposed on the excavator shovel (2). Said retaining bolts (4, 5) can be gripped by grippers (6, 7) mounted on the excavator shovel (3) that can be hydraulically adjusted relative each other. Said grippers (6, 7) have open insertion openings (8, 9) for the retaining bolts (4, 5) in directions facing away from each other. The longitudinal axis (10) of the hydraulic drive (11) for adjusting the grippers (6, 7), the center axis (12, 13) of the retaining bolts (4, 5) and the center axis (14, 15) of the insertion openings (8, 9) on the grippers (6, 7) are at least approximately arranged in one plane (16). One gripper (6) is retained in parallel to the axis of the drive (11) in a guide (17) and can be linearly displaced. The parts of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive (11), namely the cylinder (20) and the piston (21) are firmly linked with the grippers (6, 7).

Description

Anordnung zum auswechselbaren Befestigen eines Anbauteiles, z.B. einer Baggerschaufel, an einem Baggerausleger oder einem Fahrzeug Arrangement for replaceable attachment of an attachment, e.g. an excavator bucket, an excavator boom or a vehicle
Beschreibung:Description:
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung zum auswechselbaren Befestigen eines Anbauteiles, z.B. einer Baggerschaufel, an einem Baggerausleger oder einem Fahrzeug, wobei am Anbauteil zwei mit Abstand parallel zueinander ausgerichtete Haltebolzen angeordnet sind, welche von an einem Montagesteg am Baggerausleger oder am Fahrzeug angeordneten, über einen hydraulisch oder pneumatisch wirkenden Antrieb betätigbaren, relativ zueinander verstellbaren Greifern erfassbar sind, wobei die Greifer in voneinander abgewandte Richtungen offene Einführöffnungen für die Haltebolzen aufweisen, und wobei die Längsachse des hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antriebes zum Verstellen der Greifer, die Mittelachse der Haltebolzen und die Mittelachse der Einführöffnungen an den Greifern zumindest annähernd in einer Ebene liegen.The invention relates to an arrangement for the interchangeable attachment of an attachment, e.g. an excavator shovel, on an excavator boom or a vehicle, with two attaching bolts arranged parallel to each other at a distance from each other, which can be gripped by grippers, which are adjustable on a mounting web on the excavator boom or on the vehicle and can be actuated by a hydraulically or pneumatically acting drive , wherein the grippers have open insertion openings for the retaining bolts in directions facing away from one another, and wherein the longitudinal axis of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive for adjusting the grippers, the central axis of the retaining bolts and the central axis of the insertion openings on the grippers lie at least approximately in one plane.
Eine solche Anordnung ist bei allen an einen Baggerausleger oder an ein Fahrzeug ankuppelbaren Anbauteilen, wie z.B. Baggerschaufeln, Baggerschildern, Schneeräumschildern, Werkzeugen usw. sinnvoll einsetzbar. Im Bereich der Anordnung zum auswechselbaren Befestigen des Anbauteiles entstehen relativ hohe Kräfte, die von dieser Anordnung übernommen werden müssen.Such an arrangement is common to all attachments that can be coupled to an excavator boom or to a vehicle, e.g. Excavator shovels, excavator signs, snow removal signs, tools, etc. can be used effectively. In the area of the arrangement for the interchangeable fastening of the attachment, relatively high forces arise which have to be taken over by this arrangement.
Eine bekannte Vorrichtung zum auswechselbaren Befestigen eines werkzeugartigen Anbauteiles am vorderen Ende eines Baggerstiels (EP-A-0625613) sieht vor, dass die Einführöffnungen von zwei Greifern um ca. 90° versetzt zueinander ausgerichtet sind. Nach dem Einfädeln des einen Greifers in den einen Haltebolzen wird die ganze Anordnung um diesen Haltebolzen verschwenkt, bis der andere Greifer mit der quer dazu liegenden Einführöffnung den anderen Haltebolzen erfasst. Mittels eines hydraulisch verschiebbaren Verriegelungselementes kann nun die Einführöffnung des zweiten Greifers versperrt werden. Die ganzen Kräfte wirken sich auf das Verriegelungselement aus.A known device for the interchangeable attachment of a tool-like attachment to the front end of an excavator arm (EP-A-0625613) provides that the insertion openings of two grippers are aligned offset from one another by approximately 90 °. After threading the one gripper into the one holding bolt, the entire arrangement is pivoted about this holding bolt until the other gripper with the insertion opening lying transversely thereto grips the other holding bolt. The insertion opening of the second gripper can now be blocked by means of a hydraulically displaceable locking element. All of the forces affect the locking element.
Eine andere bekannte Werkzeugwechselvorrichtung (W097/28314) für Hydraulikbagger sieht einen feststehenden und einen verschwenkbaren Greifer vor. Auch hier ergibt sich auf den verschwenkbaren Greifer ein großes Drehmoment, welches insbesondere beim Baggerbetrieb noch gesteigert wird.Another known tool changing device (W097 / 28314) for hydraulic excavators provides a fixed and a pivotable gripper. Here, too, there is a large torque on the swiveling gripper, which is increased even more when the excavator is operating.
Weiters ist eine Anordnung bei einem Bagger bekannt (WO88/02421), bei der einer der Greifer zweiteilig ausgeführt ist und daher von einem feststehenden Anschlag und von einem verschiebbaren, über eine seitlich versetzt zu den beiden Greifern angeordnete Hydraulikeinheit verstellbares Verriegelungsglied gebildet ist. Die Hydraulikeinheit aus Zylinder und Kolben muß beidendig über Bolzen verdrehbar gelagert sein, da diese beim Verschieben des Verriegelungsgliedes eine Verschwenkbewegung ausführen muss.Furthermore, an arrangement in an excavator is known (WO88 / 02421) in which one of the grippers is made in two parts and therefore has a fixed stop and a displaceable hydraulic unit which is arranged laterally offset from the two grippers adjustable locking member is formed. The hydraulic unit consisting of cylinder and piston must be rotatably supported at both ends by bolts, since this must perform a pivoting movement when the locking member is moved.
Ferner ist eine Schnellwechselvorrichtung für eine an einem Baggerausleger anzubringende Baggerschaufel bekannt (EP-A-0058058), bei der einerseits ein Greifer vorhanden ist, welcher an eine korrespondierend ausgebildete Leiste angepresst werden kann. Andererseits ist am Ausleger ein hakenartiger Teil angeordnet, welcher eine in Richtung zu einem hydraulischen Antrieb gewandte Öffnung mit einseitig schräger Begrenzungsfläche aufweist. Ein am Kolben des hydraulischen Antriebes angeordneter Klemmschuh weist eine gleichgerichtete schräge Begrenzungsfläche auf, so dass durch das Zusammenwirken der beiden schrägen Begrenzungsflächen eine Verriegelung und ein Verspannen erfolgen kann. Auch hier ist eine bewegliche Aufhängung des Zylinders des hydraulischen Antriebes unbedingt erforderlich.Furthermore, a quick-change device for an excavator bucket to be attached to an excavator boom is known (EP-A-0058058), on the one hand there is a gripper which can be pressed onto a correspondingly designed bar. On the other hand, a hook-like part is arranged on the boom, which has an opening facing towards a hydraulic drive with an oblique boundary surface on one side. A clamping shoe arranged on the piston of the hydraulic drive has a rectified oblique boundary surface, so that the interaction of the two oblique boundary surfaces enables locking and tensioning. Movable suspension of the hydraulic drive cylinder is also essential here.
In einer weiteren bekannten Kupplungsvorrichtung (EP-A-0468771) benötigt man immer zwei Kupplungspaare, von denen ein Greiferelement feststehend und das andere Greiferelement von einem hydraulischen Antrieb verschiebbar gehalten ist. Die beiden Kupplungspaaren zugeordneten verschiebbaren Greiferelemente sind über ein Verbindungselement miteinander verbunden, um sie gleichzeitig vom hydraulischen Antrieb betätigen zu können. Eine solche Konstruktion ist aufwendig und ist wegen des erforderlichen langen Verbindungsbügels wohl auch kaum den auftretenden Kräften gewachsen.In another known coupling device (EP-A-0468771) two coupling pairs are always required, of which one gripper element is fixed and the other gripper element is held displaceably by a hydraulic drive. The two coupling pairs of displaceable gripper elements are connected to one another via a connecting element in order to be able to actuate them simultaneously from the hydraulic drive. Such a construction is complex and, due to the required long connecting bracket, is hardly able to withstand the forces that occur.
Eine weitere bekannte Schnellwechselanordnung (US 5.465.513) der eingangs genannten Art sieht zwischen einem feststehenden und einem verschiebbaren Greifer eine aus Kolben und Zylinder bestehende Hydraulikeinheit vor, wobei diese Einheit in üblicher Weise über Achsbolzen mit den Greifern verbunden ist. Dadurch ergeben sich in verschiedenste Richtungen wirkende Kraftkomponenten und ferner ist die Herstellung, die Montage und er raue Baustellenbetrieb für eine solche Ausgestaltung nachteilig.Another known quick-change arrangement (US 5,465,513) of the type mentioned provides a hydraulic unit consisting of piston and cylinder between a fixed and a displaceable gripper, this unit being connected to the grippers in the usual way via axle bolts. This results in force components acting in a wide variety of directions and, furthermore, the manufacture, assembly and rough construction site operation are disadvantageous for such a configuration.
Die Erfindung hat sich nun zur Aufgabe gestellt, eine Anordnung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, welche ein schnelles und einfaches Wechseln von Anbauteilen ermöglicht und bei welcher vor allem die Krafteinleitung und somit die Kraftübertragung zwischen Ausleger bzw. Fahrzeug und dem Anbauteil optimiert werden kann.The invention has now set itself the task of creating an arrangement of the type mentioned, which enables a quick and easy change of attachments and in which, above all, the introduction of force and thus the power transmission between the boom or vehicle and the attachment can be optimized.
Erfindungsgemäß gelingt dies dadurch, dass ein Greifer fest und unverschiebbar am Montagesteg des Baggerausleger oder des Fahrzeuges angeordnet ist und der Zylinder des hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antriebes fest mit diesem Montagesteg und somit mit diesem Greifer verbunden ist, und dass der verstellbare Greifer mit dem Kolben des hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antriebes fest verbunden ist, wobei die Führung für diesen Greifer von beidseitig paarweise ausgebildeten Platten gebildet ist, welche parallel zueinander und parallel zur Achsrichtung des Antriebes ausgerichtet sind.According to the invention this is achieved in that a gripper is fixedly and immovably arranged on the assembly web of the excavator boom or the vehicle and the cylinder of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive is firmly connected to this assembly web and thus to this gripper, and in that the adjustable gripper is connected to the piston of the hydraulic one or pneumatic drive is firmly connected, the guide for this gripper from both sides in pairs trained plates is formed, which are aligned parallel to each other and parallel to the axial direction of the drive.
Durch diese erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen wird erreicht, dass die Kraftübertragung zwischen dem Montagesteg des Auslegers bzw. des Fahrzeuges und dem Anbauteil direkt über die Bolzen und die Greifer erfolgen kann, ohne dass der hydraulische oder pneumatische Antrieb hohe Kräfte aufnehmen muss. Der hydraulische oder pneumatische Antrieb muss lediglich die beiden Greifer in entsprechendem Abstand relativ zueinander halten. Diese Spannkraft geht direkt ins Zentrum des Antriebes und somit auf das Zentrum des Kolbens und auch des Zylinders. Da nur ein geradlinig verschiebbarer Greifer vorhanden ist und alle verschiebbaren und Kräfte aufnehmenden Teile mit ihren Mittelachsen zumindest annähernd in einer gemeinsamen Ebene liegen, ist eine optimale Krafteinleitung und -Übertragung möglich. Auf den Antrieb selbst entstehen praktisch keine Querkräfte oder ein Drehmoment, da die Teile des hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antriebes fest mit den Greifern verbunden sind, so dass auch in konstruktiv optimaler Weise eine starre Verbindung zwischen den Elementen des hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antriebes mit den Greifern möglich ist.By means of these measures according to the invention it is achieved that the force transmission between the mounting bracket of the boom or of the vehicle and the add-on part can take place directly via the bolts and the grippers, without the hydraulic or pneumatic drive having to absorb high forces. The hydraulic or pneumatic drive only has to hold the two grippers at a corresponding distance from one another. This clamping force goes directly to the center of the drive and thus to the center of the piston and the cylinder. Since there is only one rectilinearly displaceable gripper and all displaceable and force-absorbing parts with their central axes are at least approximately in a common plane, optimal force introduction and transmission is possible. Virtually no transverse forces or torque arise on the drive itself, since the parts of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive are firmly connected to the grippers, so that a rigid connection between the elements of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive with the grippers is also possible in an optimally constructive manner ,
Durch die optimale Ausgestaltung der Führung für den verschiebbaren Greifer wird in konstruktiver Hinsicht die Möglichkeit der optimalen Kraftübertragung zusätzlich ergänzt. Gerade der in der Führung verschiebbare Greifer kann über ein Drehmoment entsprechend belastet werden, wobei durch diese spezielle Führung keine Kräfte auf den hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antrieb übertragen werden können. Gerade dadurch ist auch die konstruktiv einmalige Möglichkeit geschaffen worden, die Teile des hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antriebes fest mit den Greifern zu verbinden. Es können sich nämlich dadurch auf die Teile des Antriebes keine Querkräfte oder Biegemomente auswirken.Due to the optimal design of the guide for the movable gripper, the possibility of optimal power transmission is additionally supplemented from a design point of view. The gripper, which can be moved in the guide, can be loaded accordingly by a torque, whereby no forces can be transmitted to the hydraulic or pneumatic drive through this special guide. This is precisely the reason why the structurally unique possibility was created to firmly connect the parts of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive to the grippers. This means that no transverse forces or bending moments can affect the parts of the drive.
Es ist also eine sehr einfache Konstruktion und auch eine einfache Befestigung des Antriebes bzw. dessen Teilen möglich, da auf den Antrieb kein Drehmoment, sondern nur in Achsrichtung wirkende Kräfte - und hier nur Kräfte, die für die Halterung der Greifer in der Einsatzstellung benötigt werden - ausgeübt werden.It is therefore a very simple construction and also a simple fastening of the drive or its parts is possible, since there is no torque on the drive, but only forces acting in the axial direction - and here only forces that are required to hold the grippers in the operating position - be exercised.
Eine besondere Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass der eine Greifer Teil eines ein Konstruktionselement bildenden Montagesteges ist, wobei an einem eingesetzten Quersteg der Zylinder des hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antriebes fest verschraubt ist. Es ist damit eine einfache, jedoch passgenaue Herstellung und Montage möglich, ohne dass nachträgliche Verstellungen erforderlich sind. Es sind daher auch keine Passbolzen oder Lageraugen für den Antrieb einzusetzen.A special embodiment provides that the gripper is part of a mounting web forming a construction element, the cylinder of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive being firmly screwed to an inserted cross bar. It is therefore possible to manufacture and assemble in a simple but precise manner, without the need for subsequent adjustments. There are therefore no fitting bolts or bearing eyes to be used for the drive.
Ferner ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der feststehende Greifer von den zwei mit Abstand parallel zueinander ausgerichteten Platten gebildet ist, welche mit entsprechenden Einführöffnungen zum formschlüssigen Ansetzen am Haltebolzen versehen sind. Diese seitlichen Platten bewirken nicht nur eine besondere Stabilität des den Anbauteil erfassenden Quersteges, sondern es wird dadurch ein Konstruktionselement geschaffen, welches ein einfaches Ansetzen an den Anbauteilen ermöglicht und eine optimale Kraftübertragung zwischen Ausleger oder Fahrzeug und dem Anbauteil.It is also advantageous if the fixed gripper is formed by the two plates, which are aligned parallel to one another at a distance and which have corresponding insertion openings for form-fitting attachments are provided on the retaining bolt. These side plates not only bring about a special stability of the crossbar that grips the add-on part, but it also creates a construction element that enables simple attachment to the add-on parts and optimal power transmission between the boom or vehicle and the add-on part.
Weiters wird vorgeschlagen, dass an den den Einführöffnungen gegenüber liegenden Enden der Platten kreisbogenförmige Ausschnitte zur Auflage auf dem anderen Haltebolzen ausgebildet sind. Es ist somit schon beim Heranfahren des Baggerauslegers oder des Fahrzeuges an den Anbauteil eine optimale Anlage möglich geworden. Der Quersteg sitzt also bereits in der richtigen Stellung gegenüber dem Anbauteil, bevor der hydraulische oder pneumatische Antrieb aktiviert wird. Dieser bewirkt dann praktisch nur noch eine entsprechende Verriegelung dieser bereits eingestellten Lage.It is further proposed that arc-shaped cutouts are formed at the ends of the plates opposite the insertion openings for resting on the other holding bolt. An optimal system has thus become possible as soon as the excavator boom or the vehicle approaches the attachment. The crossbar is therefore already in the correct position in relation to the add-on part before the hydraulic or pneumatic drive is activated. This then practically only causes a corresponding locking of this already set position.
Eine vorteilhafte Maßnahme ergibt sich ferner dadurch, dass der hydraulische oder pneumatische Antrieb zwischen den beiden parallel zueinander ausgerichteten Platten angeordnet ist. Die Platten decken somit beidseitig den hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antrieb ab, so dass dieser weder vor dem Zusammenfügen mit dem Anbauteil noch nach dem gegenseitigen Kuppeln dem rauhen Baustellenbetrieb ausgesetzt ist. Es ist also kaum möglich, das bei der erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktion noch verbleibende einzige sensible Teil, nämlich die Kolbenstange, zu beschädigen.An advantageous measure also results from the fact that the hydraulic or pneumatic drive is arranged between the two plates aligned parallel to one another. The plates thus cover the hydraulic or pneumatic drive on both sides, so that it is not exposed to the rough construction site operation before being assembled with the add-on part or after mutual coupling. It is therefore hardly possible to damage the only sensitive part remaining in the construction according to the invention, namely the piston rod.
Weiters ergibt sich eine einfache konstruktive Variante dadurch, dass eine mit dem Kolben des hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antriebes verbundene Kolbenstange an ihrem freien Ende als Gewindebolzen ausgeführt ist und in eine Gewindebohrung an der Rückseite des Greifers eingedreht ist. Es ist also auch eine einfach Konstruktion und Montage der gesamten Teile des Antriebes möglich geworden, weil eben ein Greifer als Teil der Platten ausgebildet ist, der Zylinder des Antriebes fest mit diesem Greifer verbunden ist und der zweite Greifer an diesen Platten wiederum verschiebbar geführt ist.Furthermore, a simple design variant results from the fact that a piston rod connected to the piston of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive is designed as a threaded bolt at its free end and is screwed into a threaded bore on the rear of the gripper. It is also a simple design and assembly of the entire parts of the drive has become possible because a gripper is formed as part of the plates, the cylinder of the drive is firmly connected to this gripper and the second gripper is in turn slidably guided on these plates.
Eine vorteilhafte konstruktive Maßnahme wird auch darin gesehen, dass in einer u.a. den Zylinder des hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antriebes bildenden Block alle Leitungen und entsperrbare Rückschlagventile integriert sind, wobei nach außen hin nur zwei Anschlusselemente für die Druckleitungen vorgesehen sind. Durch diese konstruktiven Maßnahmen können alle im rauhen Baustellenbetrieb gefährdeten Teile der Hydraulikeinheit bzw. der Pneumatikeinheit innerhalb eines Blockes untergebracht und damit vor mechanischen Beschädigungen geschützt werden. Da nur ein relativ kurzer Weg für die Verriegelung zwischen Greifern und Haltebolzen notwendig ist und der Zylinder des Antriebes nicht verschoben oder verschwenkt wird, ergeben sich selbst für die notwendigen Anschlusselemente und die Druckleitungen keine Probleme, da praktisch keine mechanische Einflussnahme möglich ist. Weitere erfindungsgemäße Merkmale und besondere Vorteile werden in der nachstehenden Beschreibung anhand der Zeichnungen noch näher erläutert. Es zeigen:An advantageous constructive measure is also seen in the fact that all lines and unlockable check valves are integrated in a block forming the cylinder of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive, among other things, with only two connection elements for the pressure lines being provided to the outside. With these design measures, all parts of the hydraulic unit or pneumatic unit that are at risk during rough construction site operation can be accommodated within a block and thus protected against mechanical damage. Since only a relatively short path is required for the locking between grippers and retaining bolts and the cylinder of the drive is not moved or pivoted, there are no problems even for the necessary connection elements and the pressure lines, since practically no mechanical influence is possible. Further features according to the invention and special advantages are explained in more detail in the following description with reference to the drawings. Show it:
Fig.1 einen Baggerausleger mit angesetzter Baggerschaufel, wobei die Anordnung zur auswechselbaren Befestigung teilweise aufgeschnitten dargestellt ist;1 shows an excavator boom with attached excavator shovel, the arrangement for interchangeable attachment being shown partially cut away;
Fig.2 die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung in Seitenansicht gegenüber Fig.1 vergrößert dargestellt;2 shows the arrangement according to the invention in side view enlarged compared to Figure 1;
Fig.3 eine Ansicht der Anordnung ohne Anbauteil gemäß der Linie lll-lll in Fig.2;3 shows a view of the arrangement without attachment according to the line III-III in FIG. 2;
Fig.4 eine Ansicht der Anordnung ohne Anbauteil gemäß der Linie IV-IV in Fig.3.4 shows a view of the arrangement without attachment according to the line IV-IV in Fig.3.
In der Beschreibung wird anhand der Zeichnungen ein Baggerausleger mit einer ansetzbaren Baggerschaufel erläutert. Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung lässt sich natürlich überall dort einsetzen, wo irgendwelche Anbauteile, wie Schaufeln, Schilde, Werkzeuge, Lasttragelemente, Greifer, angetriebene Elemente und Werkzeuge usw. an einem anderen Teil, beispielsweise einem Baggerausleger, einem Fahrzeug, einer Werkzeugmaschine, einem Kommunalfahrzeug usw. schnell befestigt oder auch schnell ausgewechselt werden können. Ferner wird nachstehend nur von einem hydraulischen Antrieb gesprochen, obwohl im Rahmen der Erfindung auch pneumatische und gegebenenfalls sogar elektrische oder mechanische Antriebe einsetzbar sind.In the description, an excavator boom with an attachable excavator bucket is explained using the drawings. The arrangement according to the invention can of course be used wherever any attachments, such as shovels, shields, tools, load-bearing elements, grippers, driven elements and tools, etc., on another part, for example an excavator boom, a vehicle, a machine tool, a municipal vehicle, etc. can be quickly attached or exchanged quickly. Furthermore, only a hydraulic drive is mentioned below, although pneumatic and possibly even electrical or mechanical drives can also be used within the scope of the invention.
Es geht hier um eine Anordnung zum auswechselbaren Befestigen eines Anbauteiles 1, hier also einer Baggerschaufel 2, an einem Baggerausleger 3. Am Anbauteil 1 sind zwei mit Abstand A parallel zueinander ausgerichtete Haltebolzen 4,5 angeordnet. Diese Haltebolzen 4,5 sind von am Baggerausleger 3 angeordneten, hydraulisch relativ zueinander verstellbaren Greifern 6,7 erfassbar. Die Greifer 6,7 weisen in voneinander abgewandte Richtungen offene Einführöffnungen 8,9 für die Haltebolzen 4,5 auf.This is an arrangement for the interchangeable attachment of an attachment 1, here an excavator shovel 2, to an excavator boom 3. On attachment 1, two retaining bolts 4, 5, which are aligned parallel to one another and at a distance A, are arranged. These retaining bolts 4, 5 can be gripped by grippers 6, 7, which are arranged on the excavator boom 3 and are hydraulically adjustable relative to one another. The grippers 6, 7 have open insertion openings 8, 9 for the retaining bolts 4, 5 in directions facing away from one another.
Eine Maßnahme liegt nun darin, dass die Längsachse 10 des hydraulischen Antriebes 11 zum Verstellen der Greifer 6,7, die Mittelachsen 12,13 der Haltebolzen 4,5 und die Mittelachsen 14,15 der Einführöffnungen 8,9 an den Greifern 6,7 zumindest annähernd in einer Ebene 16 liegen. Wenigstens ein Greifer 6 ist achsparallel zum Antrieb 11 in einer Führung 17 geradlinig verschiebbar gehalten. Diese Führung 17 für den einen Greifer 6 ist in beidseitig paarweise vorgesehenen Platten 18,19 ausgebildet, wobei diese Platten parallel zueinander und parallel zur Achsrichtung des Antriebes 11 ausgerichtet sind.One measure now is that the longitudinal axis 10 of the hydraulic drive 11 for adjusting the grippers 6, 7, the central axes 12, 13 of the retaining bolts 4, 5 and the central axes 14, 15 of the insertion openings 8, 9 on the grippers 6, 7 at least are approximately in a plane 16. At least one gripper 6 is held axially parallel to the drive 11 in a guide 17 in a straight line. This guide 17 for the one gripper 6 is formed in plates 18, 19 provided in pairs on both sides, these plates being aligned parallel to one another and parallel to the axial direction of the drive 11.
Ein Greifer 7 ist also fest und unverschiebbar am Montagesteg 23 des Baggerausleger 3 angeordnet und der Zylinder 20 des hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antriebes 11 ist fest mit diesem Montagesteg 23 und somit mit diesem Greifer 7 verbunden. Der verstellbare Greifer 6 ist mit dem Kolben 21 des hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antriebes 11 fest verbunden ist, wobei die Führung 17 für diesen Greifer 6 von beidseitig paarweise angeordneten Platten 18,19 gebildet ist, welche parallel zueinander und parallel zur Achsrichtung des Antriebes 11 ausgerichtet sind.A gripper 7 is thus fixedly and immovably arranged on the mounting web 23 of the excavator boom 3 and the cylinder 20 of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive 11 is firmly connected to this mounting web 23 and thus to this gripper 7. The adjustable gripper 6 is firmly connected to the piston 21 of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive 11, wherein the guide 17 for this gripper 6 is formed by plates 18, 19 arranged in pairs on both sides, which are aligned parallel to one another and parallel to the axial direction of the drive 11.
Der eine Greifer 7 ist Teil eines ein Konstruktionselement bildenden Montagesteges 24 ist, wobei an einem eingesetzten Quersteg 25 der Zylinder 21 des hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antriebes 11 fest verschraubt ist. Der feststehende Greifer 7 ist von den zwei mit Abstand parallel zueinander ausgerichteten Platten 18,19 mit entsprechenden Einführöffnungen 9 zum formschlüssigen Ansetzen am Haltebolzen 5 gebildet. An den den Einführöffnungen 9 gegenüber liegenden Enden der Platten 18,19 sind kreisbogenförmige Ausschnitte (26) zur Auflage auf dem anderen Haltebolzen (4) ausgebildet.The one gripper 7 is part of a mounting web 24 forming a construction element, the cylinder 21 of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive 11 being firmly screwed to an inserted cross web 25. The fixed gripper 7 is formed by the two plates 18, 19 which are aligned parallel to one another at a distance and have corresponding insertion openings 9 for form-fitting attachment to the holding bolt 5. At the ends of the plates 18, 19 opposite the insertion openings 9, circular cutouts (26) are formed for resting on the other holding bolt (4).
Der hydraulische oder pneumatische Antrieb 11 ist zwischen den beiden parallel zueinander ausgerichteten Platten 18, 19 angeordnet.The hydraulic or pneumatic drive 11 is arranged between the two plates 18, 19 aligned parallel to one another.
In konstruktiv einfacher Art und Weise ist dass eine mit dem Kolben 21 des hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antriebes 11 verbundene Kolbenstange 27 an ihrem freien Ende als Gewindebolzen 29 ausgeführt und in eine Gewindebohrung 30 an der Rückseite des Greifers 6 eingedreht.In a structurally simple manner, a piston rod 27 connected to the piston 21 of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive 11 is designed at its free end as a threaded bolt 29 and screwed into a threaded bore 30 on the rear of the gripper 6.
Durch die besondere konstruktive Gestaltung mit einem den Zylinder 20 des hydraulischen Antriebes 11 bildenden Block können alle Leitungen und entsperrbare Rückschlagventile und auch andere hydraulische Schalt- oder Regelelemente in diesen Block integriert werden, wobei nach außen hin nur zwei Anschlusselemente 22 für die erforderlichen Druckleitungen vorgesehen sind. Due to the special design with a block forming the cylinder 20 of the hydraulic drive 11, all lines and unlockable check valves and also other hydraulic switching or regulating elements can be integrated into this block, with only two connection elements 22 being provided for the required pressure lines to the outside ,

Claims

Patentansprüche:claims:
Anordnung zum auswechselbaren Befestigen eines Anbauteiles, z.B. einer Baggerschaufel, an einem Baggerausleger oder einem Fahrzeug, wobei am Anbauteil zwei mit Abstand parallel zueinander ausgerichtete Haltebolzen (4, 5) angeordnet sind, welche von an einem Montagesteg (23) am Baggerausleger oder am Fahrzeug angeordneten, über einen hydraulisch oder pneumatisch wirkenden Antrieb (11) betätigbaren, relativ zueinander verstellbaren Greifern (6, 7) erfassbar sind, wobei die Greifer (6, 7) in voneinander abgewandten Richtungen offene Einführöffnungen (8, 9) für die Haltebolzen (4, 5) aufweisen und wobei die Längsachse (10) des hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antriebes (11) zum Verstellen der Greifer (6, 7), die Mittelachse (12, 13) der Haltebolzen (4, 5) und die Mittelachse (14, 15) der Einführöffnungen (8, 9) an den Greifern (6, 7) zumindest annähernd in einer Ebene (16) liegen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Greifer (7) fest und unverschiebbar am Montagesteg (23) des Baggerauslegers oder des Fahrzeuges angeordnet ist und der Zylinder (20) des hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antriebes (11) fest mit diesem Montagesteg (23) und somit mit diesem Greifer (7) verbunden ist, und dass der verstellbare Greifer (6) mit dem Kolben (21) des hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antriebes (11) fest verbunden ist, wobei die Führung (17) für diesen Greifer (6) von beidseitig paarweise ausgebildeten Platten (18, 19) gebildet ist, welche parallel zueinander und parallel zur Achsrichtung des Antriebes (11) ausgerichtet sind.Arrangement for replaceable attachment of an attachment, e.g. an excavator shovel, on an excavator boom or a vehicle, two attachment bolts (4, 5), which are arranged parallel and at a distance from one another, are arranged on the attachment part, which are arranged on a mounting web (23) on the excavator boom or on the vehicle via a hydraulically or pneumatically acting drive (11) actuatable, relative to each other adjustable grippers (6, 7) can be detected, the grippers (6, 7) having open insertion openings (8, 9) for the retaining bolts (4, 5) in directions facing away from each other and the longitudinal axis ( 10) of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive (11) for adjusting the grippers (6, 7), the central axis (12, 13) of the retaining bolts (4, 5) and the central axis (14, 15) of the insertion openings (8, 9) the grippers (6, 7) lie at least approximately in one plane (16), characterized in that a gripper (7) is arranged fixedly and immovably on the assembly web (23) of the excavator boom or of the vehicle and the cylinder (20) of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive (11) is firmly connected to this mounting web (23) and thus to this gripper (7), and that the adjustable gripper (6) is firmly connected to the piston (21) of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive (11) The guide (17) for this gripper (6) is formed by plates (18, 19) formed in pairs on both sides, which are aligned parallel to one another and parallel to the axial direction of the drive (11).
Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der eine Greifer (7) Teil eines ein Konstruktionselement bildenden Montagesteges (24) ist, wobei an einem eingesetzten Quersteg (25) der Zylinder (20) des hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antriebes (11) fest verschraubt ist.Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the one gripper (7) is part of a mounting web (24) forming a construction element, the cylinder (20) of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive (11) being screwed tightly to an inserted cross bar (25) ,
Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der feststehende Greifer (7) von den zwei mit Abstand parallel zueinander ausgerichteten Platten (18, 19) gebildet ist, welche mit entsprechenden Einführöffnungen (9) zum formschlüssigen Ansetzen am Haltebolzen (5) versehen sind.Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixed gripper (7) is formed by the two plates (18, 19) which are aligned parallel and at a distance from one another and which are provided with corresponding insertion openings (9) for form-fitting attachment to the retaining bolt (5).
Anordnung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an den den Einführöffnungen (9) gegenüber liegenden Enden der Platten (18, 19) kreisbogenförmige Ausschnitte (26) zur Auflage auf dem anderen Haltebolzen (4) ausgebildet sind. Arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that at the ends of the plates (18, 19) opposite the insertion openings (9) circular arc-shaped cutouts (26) are formed for resting on the other retaining bolt (4).
5. Anordnung nach Anspruch 3 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der hydraulische oder pneumatische Antrieb (11) zwischen den beiden parallel zueinander ausgerichteten Platten (18, 19) angeordnet ist.5. Arrangement according to claim 3 and 4, characterized in that the hydraulic or pneumatic drive (11) between the two parallel plates (18, 19) is arranged.
6. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine mit dem Kolben (21) des hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antriebes (11) verbundene Kolbenstange (27) an ihrem freien Ende als Gewindebolzen (29) ausgeführt ist und in eine Gewindebohrung (30) an der Rückseite des Greifers (6) eingedreht ist.6. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that with the piston (21) of the hydraulic or pneumatic drive (11) connected piston rod (27) is designed at its free end as a threaded bolt (29) and in a threaded bore (30) is screwed in at the rear of the gripper (6).
7. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einer u.a. den Zylinder (20) des hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Antriebes (11) bildenden Block alle Leitungen und entsperrbaren Rückschlagventile integriert sind, wobei nach außen hin nur zwei Anschlusselemente (22) für die Druckleitungen vorgesehen sind. 7. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in a u.a. all lines and unlockable check valves are integrated in the block (20) of the block forming the hydraulic or pneumatic drive (11), only two connecting elements (22) for the pressure lines being provided to the outside.
EP01986733A 2000-10-10 2001-10-08 Assembly for exchangeably fastening an add-on, for example an excavator shovel, to an excavator boom or a vehicle Expired - Lifetime EP1325196B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT01986733T ATE270732T1 (en) 2000-10-10 2001-10-08 ARRANGEMENT FOR INTERCHANGEABLY FASTENING AN ATTACHMENT PART, E.G. AN EXCAVATOR BUCKET, TO AN EXCAVATOR BOOM OR A VEHICLE
SI200130162T SI1325196T1 (en) 2000-10-10 2001-10-08 Assembly for exchangeably fastening an add-on, for example an excavator shovel, to an excavator boom or a vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT17202000 2000-10-10
AT0172000A AT410333B (en) 2000-10-10 2000-10-10 ARRANGEMENT FOR DETACHABLE FASTENING OF AN ATTACHMENT, e.g. AN EXCAVATOR BUCKET, ON AN EXCAVATOR OR ON A VEHICLE
PCT/EP2001/011623 WO2002031271A2 (en) 2000-10-10 2001-10-08 Assembly for exchangeably fastening an add-on, for example an excavator shovel, to an excavator boom or a vehicle

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EP1325196A2 true EP1325196A2 (en) 2003-07-09
EP1325196B1 EP1325196B1 (en) 2004-07-07

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EP (1) EP1325196B1 (en)
AT (2) AT410333B (en)
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ES (1) ES2223010T3 (en)
HR (1) HRP20030270A2 (en)
HU (1) HU225560B1 (en)
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DE50102808D1 (en) 2004-08-12
TR200402598T4 (en) 2004-11-22
ATE270732T1 (en) 2004-07-15
CA2425526A1 (en) 2002-04-18
HUP0302381A2 (en) 2003-10-28
HU225560B1 (en) 2007-03-28
HRP20030270B1 (en) 2007-01-31
SI1325196T1 (en) 2004-12-31
HUP0302381A3 (en) 2006-03-28
PT1325196E (en) 2004-11-30
WO2002031271A3 (en) 2002-09-19
AT410333B (en) 2003-03-25
EP1325196B1 (en) 2004-07-07
HRP20030270A2 (en) 2003-06-30
DK1325196T3 (en) 2004-11-15
ATA17202000A (en) 2002-08-15
US7004712B2 (en) 2006-02-28
US20040028515A1 (en) 2004-02-12
AU2002218217A1 (en) 2002-04-22
WO2002031271A2 (en) 2002-04-18
ES2223010T3 (en) 2005-02-16
CA2425526C (en) 2009-04-14

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