EP3684570B1 - Machine and method for coating workpieces - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a machine according to the preamble of claim 1, for coating workpieces, in particular wood-based panels, with a machine table to which the workpiece can be detachably fixed using fixing means, and a carriage that can be moved along the machine table, and a method according to the preamble of claim 11, for coating workpieces.

the JP 2002 210713 A discloses a machine according to the preamble of claim 1 for attaching edge bands to workpieces, in which a feed device for an edge band and pressure rollers are provided on a movable carriage. After the edge band has been attached, the contour of the edge band can be processed by moving the carriage again.

the EP 1 464 470 B1 discloses an edge banding machine in which panels are moved over a conveyor for coating and processing with a strip. In this case, a milling unit is controlled via optical detection means in order to remove an overhang of the edging strip.

Such linearly arranged machines, as in the DE 10 2008 029 166 B4 or in the DE 3248497 A1 are shown have in common that the workpiece is moved linearly with a defined feed during and for processing via a transport chain. This method is therefore also referred to as a continuous method. Since the individual processing stations required for this are arranged one behind the other, it is necessary to track the individual processing units due to the feed of the workpiece. Processing stations that have to be tracked are often installed in duplicate on the machine in order to limit the length of the machine. As a result, these machines achieve a large machine length, which in turn makes the workpiece feed and the return of the workpieces for further coating complex and labour-intensive. The cost of such a production line is comparatively high, so that it is often not economical, especially with small quantities, and smaller companies cannot afford the corresponding production systems.

In EP 0 728 561 A1 a machine is described in which the workpieces are fixed during processing, in contrast to the previously described throughput method, ie stationary processing takes place. With the through-feed machine, they are placed one behind the other via a tool carrier arranged processing units, individually and in chronological order one after the other past the workpiece surface. First, an adhesive is applied via an adhesive application unit for a predetermined edgeband, then a chop saw, a flush milling unit, a profile scraper and a flat scraper as well as a polishing unit can be taken out of a tool store one after the other. the DE 39 14 461 , DE 37 02 154 A1 and DE 10 2011 007 517 A1 further versions are described for a stationary machining, with the EP 0 728 561 A1 have in common that the processing units are used one after the other, which means that there is a long processing time for the attachment and processing of an edgeband.

It is therefore the object of the present invention to create a machine and a method for coating workpieces that is compact and allows simple, rapid coating of workpieces without manual set-up and adjustment work when processing different edgebands. Such a machine should be operable from one location either manually or, in an extended version, automatically via a device in which the workpiece is fed in and removed manually or via a device.

This object is achieved with a machine having the features of claim 1 and a method having the features of claim 11.

The machine according to the invention comprises a carriage that can be moved along a machine table and has an application unit for adhesive and/or a heating device for activating an adhesive provided on an edge band, as well as a feed device with a pressure element for pressing and fixing an edge band on a surface, in particular a narrow surface , a workpiece placed on the machine table, and at least one processing unit for removing an overhang of the edge band on the workpiece. By moving the carriage, the various processing steps for coating the surface of the workpiece with an edgeband can then be carried out one after the other and simultaneously. Smaller companies in particular can thus acquire a machine that is required to carry out all the necessary steps for applying edge banding to a workpiece. This enables the machine to be compact in design, and the number of components is also reduced, since the various units for the coating process are used with a single carriage. The individual steps, such as adhesive application, milling, polishing, etc. can be at least partially take place at the same time as the carriage is moving, so that very fast processing is possible.

The carriage can preferably be moved linearly along a rail parallel to a surface to be coated. The carriage can be guided on one or more rails, with the rails for guiding the carriage preferably being arranged on one side of the workpiece, so that the opposite side can be used for loading the machine table or other machining processes.

Preferably, at least one stop is provided for aligning the workpiece on the machine table, which can be removed automatically during or after the workpiece is fixed by the fixing means. As a result, the workpiece can be placed on the machine table and pushed against the stop, which is arranged, for example, in the area of the surface to be coated. In this case, several stops can be aligned at an angle to one another, in particular at right angles to the contact on the longitudinal and transverse sides. The workpiece can then be fixed in position on the stops, with the stops being removed automatically or by actuating means, for example by pivoting or shifting, so that the edge band can then be applied to the surface to be coated. The surface previously lying against the at least one stop is released by removing the stop. As an option, the actual workpiece thickness can also be recorded using a mechanical or optical probe before processing.

At least one milling tool is preferably provided on the slide, which can be moved horizontally and/or vertically under program control via at least one motor. As a result, an edge band can protrude from workpieces of different thicknesses, which require the milling tool to be moved vertically. The movement of the milling tool in the horizontal direction is preferably carried out perpendicular to the direction of movement of the carriage, so that overhangs on edge bands aligned inclined to the vertical can also be cut off.

A multiple magazine with a large number of edge bands is preferably provided on the machine, one of these edge bands being fed to the feed device for coating. By the providence of a magazine the edge band can then be changed quickly so that the coating can be applied flexibly.

A milling motor with a tool for joining the surface, in particular the narrow surface of the workpiece, is preferably attached to the carriage. This joining by milling off a surface ensures a particularly flat surface on the workpiece.

The carriage can optionally also be equipped with a scraper processing unit with a flat and/or profile scraper, so that one edge of the edging strip is severed, in particular to produce a rounded edge.

In addition, the carriage preferably has a saw unit for cutting the overhanging edges to length, for example a chop saw.

For ease of use, the machine can have a barcode scanner or other reading device, and the program call for processing the workpiece can take place via the read-in data.

The processing unit on the carriage preferably comprises a milling tool driven by a motor. Any overhang of the edge band can then be removed using the milling tool. In addition, the processing unit can have at least one scraper behind it in the direction of movement, by means of which the milled surface of the edging strip is leveled, for example if this consists of a thin plastic material. In addition, further processing units can also be provided on the carriage, in particular a milling unit for joining the narrow workpiece surface and a polishing unit or a spraying unit for applying a release agent before coating with the edge band.

In the method according to the invention, panel-shaped workpieces are preferably coated, in particular wood-based panels such as chipboard or MDF panels. A coating of plastic panels or composite panels is also possible. The narrow surfaces of such panels are preferably coated with an edge band.

First, a workpiece is fixed to a machine table, to then feed an edging tape to a surface of the workpiece while simultaneously an adhesive is applied to the surface of the workpiece or the edge band and/or the edge band is heated on a heating device, in particular for gluing or welding the edge band. A carriage with the feed device for the edging tape and the application and/or heating device is moved relative to the workpiece in order to apply the edging tape to the surface of the workpiece, with an overhang of the already applied edging tape being removed during the movement of the carriage. As a result, the edging tape can be fixed and processed on a surface in one step by moving the carriage.

At least one, preferably a plurality of, processing units are provided on the carriage, with a projection of the already applied edge band being removed by the processing unit at the same time as the edge band is being applied. The feed movement of the carriage can thus be used for numerous processing steps, which are carried out by different processing units on the carriage, but run at least partially simultaneously during the movement of the carriage.

For a particularly effective machining of the workpiece, the carriage can be used for machining in the opposite direction, so that the workpiece is machined both when the carriage is moved in a first direction and when the carriage is moved in an opposite, second direction.

After coating and machining one surface on a workpiece, the workpiece is preferably turned and edgeband coated on a second surface. For example, a furniture panel can be coated and processed on two, three or four narrow sides with an appropriate edgeband.

Figur 1

eine schematische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Maschine zum Beschichten von Werkstücken;

Figur 2

eine Seitenansicht der Maschine der Figur 1;

Figur 3

eine schematische Ansicht eines Werkstückes und Darstellung des Ablaufs, bei der Entfernung eines Überstandes des Kantenbandes;

Figuren 4A und 4B

zwei schematische Ansichten eines Werkstückes mit unterschiedlichen Schmalflächenneigungen Kantenbändern, und

Figuren 5A und 5B

zwei unterschiedliche Werkstückformen mit einem beschichteten Kantenband.

The invention is explained in more detail below using several exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

figure 1

a schematic view of a machine according to the invention for coating workpieces;

figure 2

a side view of the machine figure 1 ;

figure 3

a schematic view of a workpiece and representation of the sequence when removing an overhang of the edge band;

Figures 4A and 4B

two schematic views of a workpiece with different narrow surface inclinations edge bands, and

Figures 5A and 5B

two different workpiece shapes with a coated edge band.

A machine 1 for coating workpieces 6 comprises a machine table 2, for example a steel plate, which is supported on a frame 3 with posts 4. A suction device can be provided on the machine table 2 for fixing a workpiece 6, in particular a plate-shaped workpiece 6, by means of which the workpiece 6 is fixed by negative pressure. Alternatively, mechanical holding means can be provided which clamp the workpiece 6 to the machine table 2 from above.

A carriage 5 can be moved on the machine table 2 , the carriage 5 being guided on one or more rails which are arranged on one side of the machine table 2 . A large number of units for processing and coating the workpiece 6 are provided on the carriage 5 . In addition, a multiple magazine 20 is provided adjacent to the machine 1 for a large number of edgebands 21, which are wound up on rolls, for example, and can be fed to the workpiece 6 on the machine table 2 via a feed device.

For a coating process of an edge band 21, a workpiece 6 is pushed onto the machine table 2 up to at least one stop 19, as shown in figure 2 is shown. The workpiece 6 is then fixed via a suction device or mechanical clamping means, and the at least one stop 19 is removed by being lowered, pivoted or removed in some other way from the edge of the workpiece 6 to be coated. The edge of the workpiece 6 is thus freely accessible, which is preferably the narrow edge of a panel-shaped workpiece. For the alignment of the workpiece 6, the stops 19 can also be aligned at an angle.

In a first step, an application unit 8 for adhesive can now apply an adhesive to the edge band 21 or to the surface of the workpiece 6 to be coated. Alternatively or additionally, an adhesive can be activated via a heating device, which is optionally provided on the edge band 21 or the surface of the workpiece 6; in particular, an adhesive made of plastic can be melted. The heating device can be operated by thermal radiation or by a laser. The edge band 21 can then be applied to the surface of the workpiece 6, with a pressure means 9 pressing the edge band onto the surface to be coated. The pressing means 9 can comprise one or more rollers which press the edge band 21 against the surface. The pressure means 9 are preferably held on the carriage 5 so that they can be exchanged, so that different shapes can be coated on surfaces which are, for example, inclined or rounded, by exchanging the rollers. If present, the heating device would be located adjacent to the pressing device 9 .

A joint milling unit 7 is provided in front of the application unit 8, which joins a surface before coating in order to obtain a perfect bonded joint.

The edge band 21 usually has a greater width than the thickness of the workpiece 6, so that an overhang is provided on an underside and an upper side, which has to be removed subsequently. A milling tool 10 which is driven by a motor 11 can be used for this purpose. The milling tool 10 can be moved via a controlled cross support both in height for positioning with different workpiece thicknesses and horizontally to the workpiece 6 in order to be able to process edging strips of different thicknesses. Depending on the material of the edge band 21, an overhang can also be removed by a scraper 12, in particular a flat scraper or a profile scraper unit which equalizes the milled edge profile. The scraper 12 can also be used to remove adhesive residues from an adhesive joint by means of a wedge-shaped cutting edge and by moving the cutting edge parallel to the workpiece surface. There are preferably two scrapers 12, a first flat scraper for removing the adhesive residues and a second profile scraper which gives the edge band the desired rounded shape. the Scraper blades 12 can be biased towards the workpiece 6, preferably by pneumatics.

A polishing unit 13 is also provided on the carriage 5, which has textile discs driven in rotation and can clean and polish the adhesive joint, which is particularly advantageous in the case of plastic edging strips.

A large number of processing units are therefore provided on the carriage 5, with some of these processing units optionally being able to be omitted. In particular, when using an application unit 8 for adhesive, a heating device is usually no longer required, and conversely, when using the heating device, the application unit 8 is unnecessary.

The carriage 5 is linearly movable in the horizontal direction via the motor 14, according to figure 2 it can be seen that the carriage 5 is linearly guided along rails 15 which are arranged on one side of the machine table 2 .

After a surface of the workpiece 6 has been coated with an edge band 21 and processed, the excess has been removed and optional cleaning and polishing steps have taken place, the workpiece 6 can now be rotated, for example by 90°, in order to coat a second narrow side. This process can be repeated until three or four surfaces on the workpiece 6 are coated.

In figure 3 the removal of an overhang of an edge band on a narrow side of a workpiece 6 is shown schematically. When moving in a first horizontal direction, the milling tool 10 can remove an overhang on the upper narrow side of the workpiece 6, then be moved vertically on the narrow front side via a motor, in order to then subsequently machine the underside with a movement of the carriage 5 in the opposite direction and to remove the overhang of the edge band on the lower narrow side of the workpiece 6. In a last step, the opposite end face is then removed by an upward movement of the milling tool 10, so that the milling tool 10 executes a circular, loop-like movement. Corresponding movements could optionally also be carried out by other tools, for example a scraper 12, a polishing unit 16 in order to process the surface in the area of the coated edgeband 21. The movement can be based on the stored data the workpiece 6 are controlled. Alternatively, sensors can also be provided, by means of which the contour of the workpiece 6 and the edge band 21 is tracked.

In an extended version, an additional processing unit mounted on the carriage, identical in function to motor 11 and tool 10, can also be used for processing in one direction instead of a revolving movement, i.e. from left to right, for example, while in the opposite movement from right to left only a reset of the carriage 5 takes place without processing. This reduces the processing time of the workpieces and the workpieces can be detached in a faster sequence and taken to the next coating operation.

In addition, it is possible to also design individual units to be movable via a drive, so that they can be moved relative to the carriage 5 . However, the carriage 5 is preferably moved as a unit in order to carry out a corresponding machining on the workpiece 6 .

In the Figures 4A and 4B two views of a workpiece 6 are shown, which is coated on a narrow side with an edge band 21. In Figure 4A the edge band 21 is applied to a narrow side, which is aligned at right angles to the main surface of the workpiece 6. In Figure 4B the edge band 21, however, is aligned at an angle to the main surface of the workpiece 6, ie at an angle to the vertical and horizontal direction. In order to coat such an edge band 21, the pressure means is mounted in the intended edge shape in order to then be able to coat and process the narrow surface with the edge band and the further processing steps. In addition, rounded edge bands can optionally also be applied to a surface of a workpiece 6 .

In the Figures 5A and 5B two workpieces 6 are shown in plan view, with Figure 5A a workpiece 6 that is rectangular in plan view is coated with an edge band 21 on one narrow side. In Figure 5B a pentagonal workpiece is coated on one narrow side, since the machine 1 enables the coating of differently shaped workpieces 6.

The machine 1 can optionally have additional processing units, for example a drilling unit for producing bores, in particular horizontal bores, on the workpiece 6 or other tools.

The carriage 5 can also have a processing unit with a saw, in particular a chop saw or a rotating saw, for processing the overhanging edges on the end faces.

In addition, the machine can optionally also have two carriages 5 that can be moved under program control and that simultaneously carry out coating and processing on opposite sides of a workpiece.

Reference List

1

machine

2

machine table

3

frame

4

post

5

sleds

6

workpiece

7

joint milling unit

8th

order unit

9

pressure means

10

milling tool

11

engine

12

scraper

14

engine

15

rail

16

guide

17

horizontal guidance

19

attack

20

multiple magazine

21

edge tape

Claims (14)

1. Program-controlled machine (1) for coating workpieces (6), in particular wood-based panels, comprising:

   a) a machine table (2) to which the workpiece (6) can be releasably fixed by means of fixing means;

   b) a program-controlled carriage (5) movable along the machine table (2);

   wherein on the carriage there are provided:

   c) an application unit (8) for adhesive and/or a heating device (9) for activating an adhesive provided on an edge band (21);

   d) a feeding device having a pressing element (9) for pressing and fixing an edge band (21) to a surface of the workpiece (6), and

   e) at least one processing unit for removing an overhang of the edge band (21) on the workpiece (6),

   characterized in that the at least one processing unit for removing an overhang of the edge band (21) is provided on the carriage (5) in such a way that, at the same time as the edge band (21) is applied, an overhang of the edge band (21) already applied can be removed via the processing unit.
2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the carriage (5) can be moved in a program-controlled manner along a rail (15) in a linearly parallel manner to the surface of the workpiece (6) to be coated.
3. Machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one stop (19) is provided for aligning the workpiece (6) on the machine table (2), which stop is removable during or after the workpiece (6) has been fixed by the fixing means.
4. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one milling tool (10) is provided on the carriage (5), which milling tool can be moved in a program-controlled manner horizontally and/or vertically via at least one motor (11).
5. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a multiple magazine (20) is provided having a plurality of edge bands (21).
6. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a milling motor with tool (7) for joining the workpiece narrow surface is mounted on the carriage (5).
7. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carriage (5) comprises a scraper machining unit (12) comprising a flat and/or profiled scraper.
8. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carriage (5) comprises a sawing unit for cutting the edge overhang to length.
9. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a barcode scanner is provided and the program call for the machining of the workpiece (6) can be made via the barcode scanner.
10. Machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the machine comprises a drilling unit for producing bores, in particular horizontal bores.
11. Method for coating workpieces (6), comprising the following steps:

    - fixing a workpiece (6) to a machine table (2);

    - feeding an edge band (21) to a surface of the workpiece (6);

    - applying adhesive to the surface of the workpiece (6) or the edge band (21) and/or heating the edge band by an application and/or heating device (8, 9);

    - moving a carriage (5) with a feeding device for the edge band (21) and the application and/or heating device (8, 9) relative to the workpiece (6) and applying the edge band (21) to the surface of the workpiece (6),

    characterized by a simultaneous removal of an overhang of the already applied edge band during the movement of the carriage (5).
12. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that two milling tools (10) are provided and, during a traversing movement of the carriage (5), a removal of an overhang of the edge band (21) on an upper side and an overhang of the edge band (21) on a lower side of the workpiece (6) is performed simultaneously.
13. Method according to claim 11 and 12, characterized in that a scraper processing unit (12) having at least two scrapers is provided and, during a traversing movement of the carriage (5), both scrapers simultaneously remove an overhang of the edge band (21) on an upper side and an overhang of the edge band (21) on a lower side of the workpiece (6).
14. Method according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that after the edge band (21) has been coated and processed, the workpiece (6) is rotated and coated on a second surface with an edge band (21).

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