EP3680106A1 - Détection de moyenne en nombre mn dans l'image d'impression - Google Patents

Détection de moyenne en nombre mn dans l'image d'impression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3680106A1
EP3680106A1 EP19151348.0A EP19151348A EP3680106A1 EP 3680106 A1 EP3680106 A1 EP 3680106A1 EP 19151348 A EP19151348 A EP 19151348A EP 3680106 A1 EP3680106 A1 EP 3680106A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
image
errors
white
printing
darkline
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19151348.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3680106B1 (fr
Inventor
Dr. Jan Krieger
Frank Schumann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
Original Assignee
Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG filed Critical Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
Priority to EP19151348.0A priority Critical patent/EP3680106B1/fr
Priority to CN201911264871.3A priority patent/CN111434494B/zh
Priority to JP2020002847A priority patent/JP7412185B2/ja
Priority to US16/740,687 priority patent/US11752775B2/en
Publication of EP3680106A1 publication Critical patent/EP3680106A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3680106B1 publication Critical patent/EP3680106B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/21—Ink jet for multi-colour printing
    • B41J2/2132—Print quality control characterised by dot disposition, e.g. for reducing white stripes or banding
    • B41J2/2142—Detection of malfunctioning nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J29/00—Details of, or accessories for, typewriters or selective printing mechanisms not otherwise provided for
    • B41J29/38—Drives, motors, controls or automatic cut-off devices for the entire printing mechanism
    • B41J29/393—Devices for controlling or analysing the entire machine ; Controlling or analysing mechanical parameters involving printing of test patterns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/21—Ink jet for multi-colour printing
    • B41J2/2132—Print quality control characterised by dot disposition, e.g. for reducing white stripes or banding
    • B41J2/2139—Compensation for malfunctioning nozzles creating dot place or dot size errors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/21—Ink jet for multi-colour printing
    • B41J2/2132—Print quality control characterised by dot disposition, e.g. for reducing white stripes or banding
    • B41J2/2146—Print quality control characterised by dot disposition, e.g. for reducing white stripes or banding for line print heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J29/00—Details of, or accessories for, typewriters or selective printing mechanisms not otherwise provided for
    • B41J29/38—Drives, motors, controls or automatic cut-off devices for the entire printing mechanism
    • B41J29/393—Devices for controlling or analysing the entire machine ; Controlling or analysing mechanical parameters involving printing of test patterns
    • B41J2029/3935—Devices for controlling or analysing the entire machine ; Controlling or analysing mechanical parameters involving printing of test patterns by means of printed test patterns

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for checking the print quality of an inkjet printing machine using a camera and a computer.
  • the invention is in the technical field of digital printing.
  • the reasons for the occurrence of these deviations in the operation of pressure nozzles can be of various kinds.
  • One of the main problems here is that the ink dries out if the corresponding printhead is not used for too long and is not stored properly in the idle state.
  • the drying ink clogs the nozzle outlet opening and thus leads to a deviating pressure point of the pressure nozzle in question or, in extreme cases, even to a complete failure.
  • the pressure nozzle no longer prints exactly where the actual pressure point should be and the pressure strength also deviates from the standard values that are actually desired.
  • the ingress of dust particles and similar dirt can also cause whiteline errors.
  • German patent application DE 2017 220361 A1 discloses such a method for the detection and compensation of failed printing nozzles in an inkjet printing machine by a computer, which is the printing of a current print image, the recording of the printed print image by an image sensor and digitization of the recorded print image by the computer, the addition of digitized color values recorded image of each column over the entire print image height and dividing the total color values by the number of pixels to obtain a column profile, subtracting an optimized column profile without unusual print nozzles from the original column profile to a difference column profile, setting a threshold for maximum values that exceed one failure of the pressure nozzle defines the application of this threshold for maximum values to the difference column profile, whereby each maximum in the resulting column profile marks a failed pressure nozzle and the compensation of the marked pressure nozzle included in the subsequent printing process as steps of the process.
  • a disadvantage of this method is that it cannot be implemented robustly in practice.
  • the process is based on the fact that there are very little differences between one Reference image and a camera image there. In practice, however, this is not always the case.
  • the reasons for this include, for example, incorrectly calibrated cameras, a less than ideal or outdated white balance, different types of paper or less than ideal colors in the printing unit.
  • areas in the printed image that are occupied as monochrome as possible are used for the detection of the whitelines, which is why the method can only be used to a limited extent in printed images that do not have such areas.
  • the object is achieved by a method for determining printing errors in a printing process, carried out in an inkjet printing machine for processing a print job, by a computer, print products generated during the printing process being recorded and digitized with the aid of a camera system generated camera image is fed to a detection algorithm on the computer, in the event of detected printing errors, a message is sent to a machine control, which then, if necessary, ejects the printed product via a waste filter, which is characterized in that the detection algorithm separates color separations of the camera images and detects the printing errors in the color separations , Images of the individual color separations are linked to form a candidate image, the candidate image is filtered and finally the remaining detected printing errors are entered in a list and sent to the printing press.
  • the essence of the method according to the invention is therefore to determine the printing errors directly from the camera image generated of the captured and digitized printed product.
  • the printing errors are detected directly in the separated color separations, since the printing errors are easier to detect here than in the composite camera image. It is important, however, that the printing errors in the generated camera image can be recognized at all. For example, if the resolution of the generated camera image is too low, the information about the corresponding printing errors will be lost and the entire detection algorithm will not work. It is also important to note that the camera usually delivers RGB images, so that a separation of the individual color separations of the camera image generated naturally provides individual RGB color separations and not CMYK color separations, which correspond to the color space of the inkjet printing press used.
  • a preferred development of the method according to the invention is that the printing errors are whiteline or darkline errors caused by defective printing nozzles of the inkjet printing press.
  • the algorithm is therefore primarily intended for the detection of the whiteline errors already described, since these printing errors in particular reduce the print quality of the printing process to such an extent that waste occurs.
  • a further preferred development of the method according to the invention is that the computer filters out pseudo-whiteline or darkline errors from the list of whiteline or darkline errors in a further method step, before sending it to the printing press, by using a specific test method . It is important that no false positive errors are output by the detection algorithm. In particular, thin, light lines in the print image to be generated, e.g. Barcodes are very prone to be labeled as pseudo whitelines. Therefore, the detection algorithm should check in a further procedural step by means of specific tests whether the detected white line is really a real white line, in order to rule out that wanted components of the printed image are incorrectly detected as whiteline errors and unwanted additional waste is caused.
  • a further preferred development of the method according to the invention is that the computer determines the causal defective pressure nozzles from the list of the remaining detected whiteline or darkline errors and, depending on this, compensates for the whiteline or darkline errors using suitable compensation methods.
  • the actual aim of the method according to the invention is to precisely identify printed products in the form of printed sheets which have such quality-reducing whiteline errors that convert the printed sheet into a waste sheet
  • the information about the whiteline errors determined by the detection algorithm can of course be used also be used in order to determine the causal defective pressure nozzles and to have them compensated by a suitable compensation method.
  • the compensation of the defective printing nozzles makes it possible to continue using the inkjet printing machine in question to process the current print job without having to change the print head.
  • a further preferred development of the method according to the invention is that the computer for the specific test method creates a reference image from prepress data of the print job, applies the detection algorithm to this reference image and thus obtains knowledge about either received candidates for pseudo whiteline or darkline errors and removes them from the list of whiteline or darkline errors or over areas in the camera image with probable pseudo-whiteline or darkline errors to which the detection algorithm is then not applied.
  • the easiest way to detect pseudo whitelines is to use good data, e.g. the prepress data, creates a reference image and then checks whether the structure found, which was detected as a white line, is also located in this reference image. If so, it is logically a pseudo whiteline. There are two ways of dealing with the knowledge that you have found one.
  • a further preferred development of the method according to the invention is that the computer creates the reference image in several sizes and / or resolutions, accordingly applies the detection algorithm several times to the different reference images, and summarizes and applies the knowledge gained therefrom. This procedure increases the reliability of the detection algorithm for the specific identification of whitelines as well as for the determination of pseudo whiteline errors.
  • a further preferred development of the method according to the invention is that the algorithm is not applied to such areas, or results from areas that are characterized by a high variation of the gray values in a limited, local environment in the reference image are excluded.
  • Such areas as e.g. Barcodes are particularly susceptible to the detection of pseudo whiteline or darkline errors and must therefore be excluded from checking the algorithm.
  • a further preferred development of the method according to the invention is that the list of whiteline or darkline errors is created using column sums in the filtered candidate image by applying a limit value to the column sum determined in each case in the candidate image.
  • Real annoying whiteline / darkline errors usually extend over a larger area of the captured camera image. To prevent that even very small, short misfires of the individual pressure nozzle lead to a detection of a printing error, although these may not be disturbing at all or are pseudo-whiteline / darkline errors, which are very short whiteline If errors are very likely, only those print columns are marked in the candidate image in which the determined print error exceeds a certain limit.
  • a further preferred development of the method according to the invention is that the candidate image of the individual color separations is linked by the computer using a mathematical OR operation. This type of composition of the individual color separations to the candidate image has proven to be the most suitable from a computational point of view.
  • a further preferred development of the method according to the invention is that the filtering of the candidate image is carried out by the computer using morphological operations. This allows, in particular, the filtering out of very short printing errors or white lines, which are usually pseudo-whitelines anyway or which do not influence the print quality of the printed product or printed sheet so strongly that a waste decision has to be made here.
  • a further preferred development of the method according to the invention is that the detection algorithm is used several times by the computer on the generated camera image, the method being parameterized differently in order to detect darkline or whiteline errors of different types and the results of all color separations of all applications of the process are logically linked.
  • the detection algorithm can also be applied several times to the camera image generated. In particular, this increases the accuracy of the detection algorithm when filtering out pseudo-whiteline or darkline errors, but is also positive for the hit accuracy when finding real whiteline or darkline errors.
  • a further preferred development of the method according to the invention is that for each of the differently parameterized applications of the method, the camera image in each pixel is previously limited to a maximum gray value. This has the advantage that bright outliers in areas of paper white that could distort the mean are filtered out.
  • a further preferred development of the method according to the invention is that the candidate image of a color channel is generated by dividing the image into horizontal strips, each strip being reduced to a line signal by means of a suitable averaging of each of its columns, in which then white lines or dark lines are generated a special search method is sought and each line evaluated in this way results in a line of the whiteline candidate image.
  • a further preferred development of the method according to the invention is that the computer uses the white or darkline search method to find a dark or Whiteline at a position by evaluating a restricted neighborhood around the viewed pixel in the line signal.
  • the classification of whether an error found is really a real whiteline or darkline error is done by evaluating the immediately adjacent pixels. This is the only way to rule out a pseudo whiteline or darkline error.
  • a further preferred development of the method according to the invention is that the search method first convolves the line signal with different filter cores and converts the results into logical signals by comparison with possibly different limit values, which are then converted into a white or dark line using a logical link. Candidate line signal is converted.
  • the field of application of the preferred embodiment variant is an inkjet printing machine 7.
  • This is a sheet inkjet printing machine 7, which is controlled by a control computer 6.
  • the operation of this printing press 7 can lead to failures of individual printing nozzles in the printing heads 5 in the printing unit 4.
  • the result is white / dark lines, or, in the case of multi-color printing, distorted color values.
  • An example of such a white / dark line 9 in a captured camera image 8 is shown in FIG Figure 3 shown.
  • Figure 3 shows an example of a printing sheet 2 with captured camera images 13, one of which has a white / darkline error 14.
  • additional, downstream filtering can also be carried out using a reference image. This will be explained in more detail later in the description.
  • a reference image is usually required in these further preferred embodiments, which, in addition to the disadvantages already mentioned, affects the processing speed.
  • the use of a reference image can further improve the quality of the method by avoiding false / positively detected white / dark lines 14.
  • the method according to the invention thus has many advantages over the prior art.
  • white balance, paper type, short white / dark lines 14 they are often lost in the image / signal noise.
  • This disadvantage is eliminated with the method according to the invention.
  • the reference image can be transported in full resolution to the computer 9, for example with 670 dpi. This is only possible with the currently available technical means at high costs. Since the algorithm presented here manages without a reference image or at least without a high-resolution reference image, these costs can be saved.
  • a reference image is fundamentally not necessary for the detection, even if it can be used to avoid false-positive white / darkline detections through structures contained in the customer motif. In particular for the detection of white / darkline candidates 14, there is no longer any need to compare the reference and camera images 13 directly.
  • the printed image 13 captured by the camera 10 is shown with a white / darkline error 14.
  • a stripe with text 15a and a stripe at the image edge 15b are cut out from this print image 13, from which image signals 18, 19 are then respectively generated.
  • image signal 18 of the strip with text 15a one can clearly see the mentioned effect of the white / darkline error 14 in the signal in the form of a corresponding peak 14a in the signal 18.
  • a peak of a pseudo white / darkline error 14b is shown, which results from the text representation.
  • pseudo white / dark lines 14b are now filtered out of the white / dark line candidates 14 determined in stage one by using one or more filters.
  • the idea behind this filter is to rule out very short or occasional false detections. Because in most realistic print motifs, a white / dark line 14 will affect several areas of a column, while false detections only occur locally.
  • the filter described in step four in the previous exemplary embodiment with the aid of the reference image is also carried out here with all the modifications described above.
  • the size of the reference image is adjusted beforehand. It can also make sense to process the reference image several times in different resolutions and to summarize the results of these stages before filtering. This simulates the loss of quality on the "perfect" reference image by the camera system 10 and thus allows different structures to be detected effectively which can lead to white / darkline-like structures in the camera image 13.
  • the further, particularly preferred exemplary embodiment has the additional advantage over the previous exemplary embodiment that it has a higher recognition performance of white / dark lines 14 with a simultaneously lower number of pseudo white / dark lines 14 b.
  • a reference image evaluation is necessary for this, the additional processing steps of which can lead to longer computing times of the computer 6, 9 used.
  • the decision as to which preferred exemplary embodiment should be used should therefore be made on the basis of the requirements of the specific application.
  • Print jobs in which the white / dark line detection is time or performance critical should rather use the first exemplary embodiment presented, while print jobs in their print images are particularly important for a thorough detection of white / dark lines 14 and / or for which an increased There is a risk of the occurrence of pseudo white / dark lines 14b, rather should resort to the second exemplary embodiment presented.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Image Analysis (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)
EP19151348.0A 2019-01-11 2019-01-11 Détection de moyenne en nombre mn dans l'image d'impression Active EP3680106B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19151348.0A EP3680106B1 (fr) 2019-01-11 2019-01-11 Détection de moyenne en nombre mn dans l'image d'impression
CN201911264871.3A CN111434494B (zh) 2019-01-11 2019-12-11 印刷图像中的缺失喷嘴探测
JP2020002847A JP7412185B2 (ja) 2019-01-11 2020-01-10 印刷画像におけるｍｎ（ミッシングノズル）検出
US16/740,687 US11752775B2 (en) 2019-01-11 2020-01-13 Method for determining print defects in a printing operation carried out on an inkjet printing machine for processing a print job

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19151348.0A EP3680106B1 (fr) 2019-01-11 2019-01-11 Détection de moyenne en nombre mn dans l'image d'impression

Publications (2)

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EP3680106A1 true EP3680106A1 (fr) 2020-07-15
EP3680106B1 EP3680106B1 (fr) 2023-08-23

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US (1) US11752775B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3680106B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP7412185B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN111434494B (fr)

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JP2022134809A (ja) * 2021-03-04 2022-09-15 株式会社リコー 画像検査装置及び画像形成装置
JP2023044832A (ja) * 2021-09-21 2023-04-03 株式会社Ｓｃｒｅｅｎホールディングス 画像検査装置、それを備えた印刷装置、および画像検査方法

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US11752775B2 (en) 2023-09-12
JP7412185B2 (ja) 2024-01-12
CN111434494A (zh) 2020-07-21
CN111434494B (zh) 2021-12-17
JP2020111049A (ja) 2020-07-27
EP3680106B1 (fr) 2023-08-23
US20200223230A1 (en) 2020-07-16

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