Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
  • F01L1/02—Valve drive
  • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
  • F01L1/047—Camshafts
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
  • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
  • F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
  • F02M59/102—Mechanical drive, e.g. tappets or cams
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
  • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
  • F01L1/02—Valve drive
  • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
  • F01L1/047—Camshafts
  • F01L2001/0471—Assembled camshafts
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
  • F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
  • F02M2200/95—Fuel injection apparatus operating on particular fuels, e.g. biodiesel, ethanol, mixed fuels

Definitions

• the present invention relates to camshaft assembly for an internal combustion piston engine comprising a first end part and a second end part which are provided with a bearing surface such that the camshaft assembly can be assembled to the engine rotatably supported by the bearings, and between the first end part and the second end part an intermediate part in which cam surfaces of the cam shaft assembly are provided.
• Invention relates also to a method of converting an internal combustion piston engine to run in at least two operational modes.
• pistons are arranged to reciprocate in a cylinder and the reciprocating movement of the pistons is transferred into rotational movement of the crankshaft.
• a camshaft arranged to operate gas exchange valves in each cylinder of the engine.
• a camshaft consist of a cylindrical rod running along the length of the cylinder bank with a number of cams protruding from it. The cams force the valves open by providing pressing force on the valve as the cams rotate.
• a camshaft is often constructed from separate parts.
• a lifting profile element is provided in a rotationally fixed manner on an axially movable mounted camshaft and which provides a control groove, and having a control unit for generating a predetermined axial movement of the camshaft.
• the control unit has a tappet unit which is movable radially with respect to the camshaft and which is designed to controllably engage into the lifting profile element, wherein the lifting profile element forms a first and second control grooves which is designed to interact with the tappet unit at a first and second penetration depth in order to describe axial movements of the camshaft.
• An object of the invention is to provide a camshaft assembly, which is simple and reliable to implement and considerably improved compared to the prior art solutions. Disclosure of the Invention
• a camshaft assembly for an internal combustion piston engine comprises a first end part and a second end part and between the first end part and the second end part an intermediate part in which cams of the camshaft assembly are provided, which end parts are provided with a bearing surface such that the camshaft assembly can be assembled to the engine rotatably supported by the bearings via the bearing surfaces, and wherein the camshaft assembly has an direction of longitudinal axis , wherein at least one of the cams of the intermediate part comprise a first cam surface and a second cam surface substantially next to each other in the direction of the longitudinal axis, and the intermediate part is releasably assembled to the first end part and to the second end part
• the camshaft assembly comprises means for changing, in the direction of longitudinal axis, a relative position of the intermediate part in respect to the bearing surface of the first end part and the bearing surface of the second end part.
• the intermediate part comprises a first set of cams for use in operating intake valves of an internal combustion piston engine, and second set of cams for use in operating exhaust valves of an internal combustion piston engine, wherein each one of the cams of first set of cams and the second set of cams comprises a first cam surface and a second cam surface being adjacent to each other in the direction of the longitudinal axis.
• the intermediate part comprises a third set of cams for use in operating a fuel pump of an internal combustion piston engine, and each one of the cams of third set of cams consists only a first cam surface.
• the intermediate part comprises a third set of cams for use in operating a fuel pump of an internal combustion piston engine, and that each one of the cams of third set of cams comprises a first cam surface and a second cam surface being adjacent to each other in the direction of the longitudinal axis.
• the means for changing a relative position of the intermediate part comprises at least one spacer part arranged either between the first end part and the intermediate part, or between the second end part and the intermediate part, or more than one spacer part arranged between the first end part and the intermediate part, and between the second end part and the intermediate part, such that the at least one of the first cam surface and a second cam surface of a cam is positioned in the direction of the longitudinal axis at a location of a cam follower, which is the counterpart of the cam surface in the engine.
• the means for changing a relative position of the intermediate part comprises a spacer part arranged assemblage either between the first end part and the intermediate part, or between the second end part and the intermediate part.
• the intermediate part is re- leasably assemblage to the first end part and to the second end part and that the camshaft assembly comprises a first spacer part assembled between the first end part and the intermediate part,
• the camshaft assembly comprises a first spacer part assembled between the first end part and the inter- mediate part, and a second spacer part assembled between the second end part and the intermediate part, wherein the first and the second spacer part are of different length in the direction of longitudinal axis, and that the first spacer part and the second spacer part are interchangeable with each other for changing, in the direction of longitudinal axis, the relative position of the intermediate part in respect to the bearing surface of the first end part and the bearing surface of the second end part.
• the means for changing the relative position of the intermediate part comprises a first second end part and a second end part which are provided with different coupling length s the direction of longitudinal axis.
• the means for changing the relative position of the intermediate part comprises a first end part and a second end part which are provided with different coupling lengths the direction of longitudinal axis, are replaceable with each other for changing, in the direction of longitudinal axis, wherein the first end part and the second end part are of different length in the direction of longitudinal axis, and wherein the first end part and the second end part are interchangeable with each other for changing, in the direction of longitudinal axis, the relative position of the intermediate part in respect to the bearing surface of the first end part and the bearing surface of the second end part.
• the intermediate part is releasably assemblage to the first end part and to the second end part by first attachment means between the first end part and the intermediate part, and between the second end part and the intermediate part.
• the camshaft assembly comprises a spacer part which is provided with a second attachment means at its both longitudinal ends, which second at- tachment means is compatible for releasable assembly with the first attachment means between the first end part and the intermediate part and with the first attachment means between the second end part and the intermediate part.
• the intermediate part of the camshaft assembly comprises a number of cam sections each one of which com- prises first cam surface and a second cam surface and a number of shaft parts between the cam sections releasably mounted one after the other forming the intermediate part of the camshaft assembly.
• the intermediate part of the camshaft assembly comprises a number of cam sections), each one of the cam sections comprising at least one cam belonging to a first set of cams and at least one cam belonging to the second set of cams, and a number of shaft parts between the cam sections releasably mounted one after the other forming the intermediate part of the camshaft assembly.
• the first cam surface and a second cam surface comprise different cam profiles.
• the solution is advantageously usable in an internal combustion piston engine which is convertible between at least two configurations.
• the engine can be converted from diesel engine to gas engine and vice versa, or between gas-fuelled engine with pilot liquid fuel ignition and diesel engine.
• the engine can also be converted to run in a different manners with a same fuel by changing the gas exchange characteristics by changing the gas exchange valves' lifting behaviour.
• cam surface it is meant the guide surface circumscribing the camshaft, against which surface a cam follower runs to get its posi- tion guide when in use.
• the camshaft assembly according to the invention provides robust and simple mechanical structure by means of which the conversion can be made in easy manner.
• FIG. 2 illustrates a camshaft assembly according to another embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 3 illustrates a detail of a cam shaft assembly according to embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 4 illustrates a camshaft assembly according to another embodiment of the invention
• Figure 5 illustrates a camshaft assembly according to a still another embodiment of the invention.
• Figure 6 illustrates a camshaft assembly according to a still another embodiment of the invention.
• Figure 1 depicts schematically a camshaft assembly 10 according to an embodiment of the invention.
• Figure 1 shows two different setups of the camshaft assembly 10 in the views A and B into which setups the camshaft assembly 10 is assemblage.
• the camshaft assembly 10 is shown in an installed position in an internal combustion piston engine 12.
• two bearings 14 at end parts of the camshaft assembly 10, via which the camshaft assembly 10 supported in the engine. Even if not shown, it is evident that there may be additional bearings in practise.
• the camshaft assembly 10 comprises a first end part 16.1 and a second end part 16.2 which are provided with a bearing surface such that the camshaft assembly can be assembled to the engine 12 rotatably supported by the bearings 14.
• the position of the first end part 16.1 and the second end part 16.2 is axially determined to the positions of the bearings 14 in the engine 12.
• the first end part 16.1 and the second end part 16.2 can be moved axially to some extent, at least during the conversion is done, such that the camshaft assembly can be disassembled and reassembled to required extent depending on the embodiment of the invention.
• first end part 16.1 and the second end part 16.2 there is an intermediate part 18 assembled.
• intermediate part 18 there are cam surfaces of the cam shaft assembly 10 provided.
• the first end part 16.1 , the intermediate part 18 and the second end part 16.2 are arranged successively in the direction of a longitudinal rotation axis D of the camshaft assembly 10.
• the longitudinal rotation axis D is in the direction of a rotational axis of a crank shaft of the engine.
• the intermediate part 18 is releasably assemblage to the first end part 16.1 and the second end part 16.2 by first attachment means between the first end part 16.1 and the intermediate part 18 and between the second end part 16.2 and the intermediate part 18.
• the camshaft assembly 10 comprises a spacer part 20 which is provided with a second attachment means at its both longitudinal ends.
• a spacer part 20 is a straightforward embodiment of the means for changing, in the direction of longitudinal axis D, a relative position of the intermediate part 18 in respect to the bearing surface of the first end part 16.1 and the bearing surface of the second end part 16.2.
• the second attachment means is compatible for installation with the first attachment means between the first end part 16.1 and the intermediate part 18 and with the first attachment means between the second end part 16.2 and the intermediate part 18.
• the second attachment means and the first attachment means are compatible with each other such that the spacer part 20 is selectively installable either between the first end part 16.1 and the intermediate part 18 or between the second end part 16.2 and the intermediate part 18.
• camshaft assembly of the figure 1 it is also conceivable in the spirit of the invention to modify to camshaft assembly of the figure 1 such that there are two separate spacer parts 20, only one of which is suitable for installation in connection with the first end part 16.1 of the camshaft assembly, and only the other one is of which is suitable for installation in connection with the second end part 16.2 of the camshaft assembly.
• one of the spacer parts is provided with the second attach- ment means compatible with the first attachment means the first end part 16.1 and the other one of the spacer parts is provided with the second attachment means are compatible with the first attachment means the second end part 16.2.
• the view A shows the assembly 10 at its first setup and the in the view B the assembly 10 is shown at its second setup.
• the camshaft assembly 10 provides the effect of shifting the position of the intermediate part 18 in the direction of the longitudinal axis D to the left or right in respect to the bearings 14 in the engine depending on the installation position of the spacer part 20.
• the longitudinal position of the intermediate part 18 of the camshaft assembly 10 is changed, the effective cam surfaces in use are also changed which is explained in the following.
• the intermediate part 18 comprises a first set of cams 22 for use in operating intake valves (not shown) of an internal combustion piston engine, and second set of cams 24 for use in operating exhaust valves (not shown) of an internal combustion piston engine 12.
• Each one of the cams of first set of cams 22 and the second set of cams 24 consists of a first cam surface I and a second cam surface II being adjacent to each other in the direction of the longitudinal axis D.
• the width of the first cam surface I and the second cam surface II is substantially equal to the width of the spacer part 20. What is more important than the width is that the control of the cam follower changes from the first cam surface to the second cam surface, i.e. the intermediate part moves enough, when the setup of the assembly 10 is changed
• the width means a dimension in the direction of the longitudinal axis D.
• the solution is advantageously usable in an internal combustion piston engine which is convertible between at least two operational configurations. For example, meaning that the engine can be converted from diesel engine to gas engine and vice versa.
• the engine is provided with an actuation system 26 for operating i.e. opening and closing its gas exchange valves (not shown) driven or actuated by the camshaft assembly 10.
• the actuation system 26 comprises a cam follower 28 arranged in connection with each valve actuator.
• the cam follower is configured to follow the cam surface and thus reciprocate according to change of the radial distance of the cam surface from the rotation axis of the camshaft assembly.
• the actuation system belongs to the engine 12 and is arranged to a predetermined, fixed longitudinal position in the direction of the longitudinal axis D in the engine. Therefore, when the camshaft assembly 10 is changed between the setups A and B in respect to the end parts 16.1 , 16.2 and the bearings 14, the cam surface effective to the respective cam follower is changed accordingly.
• the intermediate part 18 further comprises a third set of cams 25 for use in operating a liquid fuel pump 27 of an internal combustion piston engine.
• This setup can therefore be used in an engine operating according to diesel cycle using liquid fuel.
• the fuel pump is provided with a cam follower 28.
• each one of the cams of third set of cams 25 has only a first cam surface I.
• the first cam surface is intended for use when the engine is configured to operate according to diesel cycle and when the camshaft has been modified such that no cam surface is at the location of the fuel pump 27 the engine can be operated as for example spark ignited gas engine.
• the intermediate part 18 comprises a number of cam sections 18.1 being equal to the number of cylinders of the engine 12.
• Each one of the cam sections 18.1 comprises at least one cam belonging to the first set of cams 22 and at least one cam belonging to the second set of cams 24 as is shown in the embodiment of figure 2.
• the camshaft assembly according to the embodiment of the figure 2 is usable for cases where different gas exchange behaviour is desired to be obtained. Otherwise the camshaft assembly 10 shown in the figure 2 corresponds to that shown in the figure 1 .
• the cam section 18.1 comprises also one cam belonging to the third set of the cams 25 intended for operate eg. a fuel pump.
• the intermediate part 18 comprises also a number of shaft parts 18.2 between the cam sections 18.1 releasably mounted one after the other forming the intermediate part 18 of the camshaft assembly 10.
• the shaft part 18.2 is advantageously provided with a bearing surface to make it possible to support the cam shaft assembly 10 rotatably in respect to its longitudinal axis, between the end parts thereof, by means of the shaft parts 18.2.
• the number of cams may vary according to the design of the engine, i.e. according to the actual number of gas exchange valves in one cylinder and number of other camshaft operated devices.
• the first cam surface I and a second cam surface II comprise different cam profiles for use at different configurations of the engine and the selection of the used cam surface is employed by alternatively selecting and assembling the first or the second setup of the camshaft assembly 10.
• the change of the setup is done while the engine is stopped.
• a cam shaft assembly 10 according to the invention is installed to an internal combustion engine 12
• the engine is easily configurable afterwards into two or more different mode of operation by means of the camshaft assembly according to the invention.
• the characteristics of the cam systems of the engine can be changed in a straight forward manner and with minimum alterations of the camshaft, even as an onsite service procedure to meet the demands of the respective engine configuration.
• the internal combustion engine is configured to operate using use liquid fuel.
• This may be implemented for example as a dual fuel (DF) engine using diesel pilot injection or as a commonly known diesel mode operation, which of course may require that the cam surfaces are different in different cases.
• DF dual fuel
• the cam surfaces of the third set of cams 25 are used in DF engine the length of the stroke of fuel pump and timing of the fuel injection may be set to be different from the case where the third set of cams 25 are used in a diesel engine, which requires longer stroke of the pump (greater amount of fuel).
• the spacer part 20 is between the second end part 16.2 and the intermediate part 18, Now, the first cam surfaces I of the sets of cams 22,24 are in an axial position, in the direction of the longitudinal axis D, where the first cam surfaces are in cooperation with the respective cam followers 28 of the valve actuation system. This way the first cam surfaces I are operating the gas exchange valves and also the first cam surfaces of the third set of cams 25 are in cooperation with the respective cam followers 28 of the fuel pumps 27. It comes clear that according to the invention the intermediate part 18 can be moved in the engine in its axial direction such that one of several adjacent cam surfaces of a set of cams 22, 24 is positioned at a location of its operational counterpart, i.e.
• the internal combustion engine is configured to operate as a gas engine which is ignited by applying ignition energy directly to the combustion chamber, such as spark ignition, laser ignition or plasma ignition.
• the spacer part 20 is between the first end part 16.1 and a cam section 18.1 of the intermediate part 18.
• the second cam surfaces II of the sets of cams 22,24 are in a position, in the direction of the longitudinal axis D, where they are in cooperation with the respective cam followers 28 of the actuation system operating the gas exchange valves.
• the cam follower 28 of the fuel pump 27 has been removed to allow the shifting the intermediate part 18 of the camshaft assembly 10. This may be done, because the engine does not need liquid fuel in this case. In practise the construction of the engine may be such that no modifications are needed to the engine i.e. the removal of the cam follower 28 of the fuel pump should not be understood to be a mandatory step.
• Figure 3 shows in more detailed manner a side view of the cam section 18.1 similar to the figure 2 and the shaft part 18.2 and the spacer part 20. There are also shown front views of the cam section 18.1 and the space part 20.
• the intermediate part 18 is assembled by making use of a required number of cam sections 18.1 and the shaft parts 18.2 and assembling them one after the other.
• the cam sections 18.1 and the shaft part 18.2 are provided with first attachment means 30 at the longitudinal ends thereof. Since the intermediate part 18 is formed from the cam sections 18.1 and the shaft part 18.2, also the intermediate part is provided with the first attachment means 30 and therefore the intermediate part 18 can be releasably assembled to the first end part 16.1 and the second end part 16.2 by means of the first attachment means 30.
• the spacer part 20 is provided with a second attachment means 32 at its both longitudinal ends which second attachment means 30 is compatible for installation with first attachment means 30. Even if not shown here, the first end part 16.1 and the second end part 16.2 are also provided with the first attachment means 30 and therefore the space part can be attached with the end parts also.
• the second attachment means 32 and the first attachment means30 are compatible with each other such that the spacer part 20 is selectively installable either between the first end part 16.1 and the intermediate part 18 or between the second end part 16.2 and the intermediate part 18.
• the first attachment means 30 and the second attachment means 32 comprise a flange section 34 at the axial ends.
• the flange sections 34 are compatible with each other for butting assembly.
• the flange sections 34 are provided with openings 40 for a screw 36 or a like threaded bar.
• the openings 40 are arranged in angularly spaced manner to circumscribe the edge portion of the flange section 34.
• the shaft part 18.2 is provided with threaded holes 38 arranged to mate with the openings 40 arranged in angularly spaced to circumscribe the edge portion of the flange section 34.
• the flange sections 34 are also provided with guide and/or centering means 42 at their axial ends.
• the guide and/or centering means 42 are shown here to be in a form of truncated cone axially bulging in and out in the butting faces attached to each other.
• the truncated cone In one axial end of the part of the as- sembly the truncated cone is axially bulging in (recess) and at the opposite axial end the truncated cone is bulging out (protrusion).
• the truncated cone shaped guide and/or centering means 42 are arranged mating with each other.
• Figure 3 shows also the cam surfaces I, II of cam section 1 8.1.
• FIG. 5 there is shown another embodiment of the invention.
• the effects of the invention can be obtained also by a camshaft assembly where the means for changing the relative position of the intermediate part 18 comprises spacers 20 assembled simultaneously at both ends of the intermediate part 18.
• the spacer parts are of different length in the direction of the longitudinal axis D.
• the feature that the spacers 20 are of different length can be obtained also by providing three substantially equal spacers 20, one of which is assembled in one end of the intermediate part 18 and two of which are assemble in other end of the intermediate part 18, which is indicated by a dotted line in the spacer part 20 right side of the intermediate part 18.
• the intermediate part 18 can be moved along its longitudinal axis D as follows.
• the camshaft assembly comprises the first end part 16.1 and to the second end part 16.2.
• the first end part 16.1 is adapted to provide its support on the bearing 14 using a certain range in the direction of the longitudinal axis D.
• the first end part 16.1 can be fixed to the engine at different longitudinal positions.
• the assembly comprises two separate second end parts 16.2a, 16.2b, one of which is in use when the engine is arranged to run in the first mode of operation, while the other is for use when the is arranged to run in the second mode of operation.
• the second end parts 16.2a, 16.2 are of different coupling lengths such that, depending on which one of the end parts is in use, the position of the intermediate part 18 is changed.
• the cou- pling length means the distance from the bearing 14 to the first attachment means 30 i.e. the end of the intermediate part 18 in the assembly.
• the support position of the first end part 16.1 on the bearing 14 is changed respectively and the intermediate part 18 is moved.
• Corresponding effect can be obtained also by using one (or more) spacer part 20, which is either assembled or disassembled between the second end part 16.2 and the intermediate part 18, only, which sets the intermediate part at different longitudinal position. Also in this case the support of the first end part 16.1 on the bearing 14 is changed respectively as described above and the interme- diate part 18 is moved.
• the camshaft arrangement is usable in a method of converting an internal combustion piston engine, which engine comprising the camshaft assembly according to anyone of the embodiments described herein, to run in at least two operational modes, in which method the engine is arranged to run in a first mode of operation such that the intermediate part 18 is assembled into the camshaft assembly between the first end part 16.1 and to the second end part 16.2 at such longitudinal position that a cam follower in the engine takes it guidance from the first cam surface I, and the engine is arranged to run in a second mode of operation such that the intermediate part 18 is assembled into the cam- shaft assembly at such position that cam followers take their guidance from the second cam surface II.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
• Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (2)

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• 2017
  • 2017-08-17 WO PCT/EP2017/070834 patent/WO2019034254A1/en unknown
  • 2017-08-17 EP EP17752397.4A patent/EP3669068B1/de active Active
  • 2017-08-17 KR KR1020207004455A patent/KR102177594B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2017-08-17 CN CN201780094003.8A patent/CN111033030B/zh active Active

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