EP3664230A1 - Procédé de soudage permettant de fabriquer un raccordement électrique - Google Patents

Procédé de soudage permettant de fabriquer un raccordement électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3664230A1
EP3664230A1 EP19204057.4A EP19204057A EP3664230A1 EP 3664230 A1 EP3664230 A1 EP 3664230A1 EP 19204057 A EP19204057 A EP 19204057A EP 3664230 A1 EP3664230 A1 EP 3664230A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
welding
carrier
piece
laser radiation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19204057.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3664230B1 (fr
Inventor
Steffen Engeser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Engeser Innovative Verbindungstechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Engeser Innovative Verbindungstechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Engeser Innovative Verbindungstechnik GmbH filed Critical Engeser Innovative Verbindungstechnik GmbH
Publication of EP3664230A1 publication Critical patent/EP3664230A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3664230B1 publication Critical patent/EP3664230B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for soldered or welded connections
    • H01R43/0221—Laser welding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for soldered or welded connections
    • H01R43/0263—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for soldered or welded connections for positioning or holding parts during soldering or welding process

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for establishing an electrical connection between at least one line and at least one connector of a workpiece.
  • the connection piece is arranged on a workpiece surface and one end of the at least one line is pre-assembled with a contact piece adapted to the connection piece.
  • the method comprises the steps: positioning the contact piece on the connection piece and welding the contact piece to the connection piece by means of laser radiation.
  • the invention also relates to a system consisting of a workpiece carrier and a welding carrier and a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • Such a method is used to connect leads to switches, such as a miniature snap switch.
  • the process should be capable of being automated, monitored, inexpensive and reliable.
  • the connection of the conductors to the switch must be of high quality in order to ensure a safe electrical contact between the line and the switch.
  • Conventional methods for producing electrical connections between lines and connecting pieces of workpieces are based on soldering or resistance welding.
  • a method for producing an electrical connection between an electrical line and a connection piece of a workpiece by means of laser radiation is known from the prior art, in which the laser beam is directed onto the workpiece.
  • Laser welding is carried out without contact and without the help of additives.
  • the laser radiation is focused near the workpiece surface by means of optics.
  • the position of the focus relative to the workpiece surface (above or below) is an important welding parameter and also defines the welding depth.
  • the absorbed laser radiation heats the abutting surfaces of the parts to be welded (connecting piece and contact piece) and there is an extremely rapid rise in temperature beyond the melting temperature of metal, so that a melt forms.
  • a problem with laser welding is the limited possibility of protecting the surrounding workpiece surface, for example adjacent connecting pieces on the workpiece surface, or the workpiece as an electronic component itself, from damage by the direct laser beam or diffuse scattered radiation (for example excessive heating).
  • the invention has for its object to provide an improved method and system for establishing an electrical connection and an apparatus for performing the method.
  • the object is achieved with the features of independent claims 1, 14 and 15.
  • Advantageous embodiments are specified in the subclaims.
  • a straight line running along the laser radiation intersects a plane outside the workpiece that is predetermined by the workpiece surface. In other words, there is no intersection between the laser radiation and the workpiece surface.
  • This welding geometry can be achieved by inclining the workpiece surface in the direction of a horizontal and thus in a direction facing away from the laser source.
  • the use of a laser enables contact-free welding between the contact piece of the at least one line and the at least one connection piece of the workpiece, which does not require additives.
  • the heat load on the workpiece which is designed, for example, in the form of an electronic component, is kept low by a short irradiation of the contact piece and the connecting piece and without direct action of the laser radiation on the material surface.
  • the laser radiation generated by a laser source can be guided to the workpiece using mirror systems or optical fibers and then focused on the workpiece.
  • the workpiece In a welding cell, the workpiece is usually arranged on the floor or on a welding support, with the laser radiation shining onto the workpiece surface from above (basic system). With vertical radiation onto the workpiece surface, a surface normal of the workpiece surface is aligned parallel to the laser radiation during welding.
  • the laser radiation cuts a plane in the workpiece that is predetermined by the workpiece surface, namely on the workpiece surface at the position of the connecting piece. In this case, the workpiece absorbs a large part of the laser radiation and heats it. In this geometry, it is also difficult to protect the workpiece surface from diffuse laser scatter radiation.
  • the laser radiation cuts a plane outside the workpiece that is predetermined by the workpiece surface, a surface normal of the workpiece surface points in a direction facing away from the laser source, that is to say no direct laser radiation hits the workpiece surface.
  • the workpiece surface is thus facing away from the laser source Direction tilted. Due to this oblique alignment of the workpiece surface with respect to the laser radiation, the workpiece is optimally protected from damage by the laser beam during welding. This measure also minimizes the scattered radiation that arises. The minimization of scattered radiation is particularly desirable in order to protect surrounding workpieces during welding.
  • an intersection angle between the laser radiation and the plane predetermined by the workpiece surface is between 1 ° and 20 °, further preferably between 5 ° and 15 °, further preferably 10 °.
  • This arrangement represents a compromise between, on the one hand, the accessibility of the welding point between the contact piece and the connecting piece, while at the same time averting the workpiece surface as far as possible.
  • the workpiece can be a miniature (snap) switch.
  • Miniature switches or microswitches are small switching elements that can be found in numerous electrical devices and attachments. They are used to switch current between two river branches or to switch electrical consumers behind the switch on or off due to a mechanical load. Such switches represent an inexpensive solution for switching electrical components.
  • a welding point between the connector and the contact piece can be determined using an image processing system.
  • the image processing system enables a fully automatic control of the position of the contact piece and connection piece. Via an image processing system in the welding cell, the contact piece and the connecting piece can be searched for and compared with standard images. If the contact piece is correctly positioned on the connection piece, the Welding process will be started automatically. If the contact piece is not correctly positioned, the welding process is stopped. The check can be carried out separately for each welded joint.
  • the welding point at which the laser starts the welding process is also determined via the image processing system. This can depend on the exact contact geometry.
  • a welding movement can be controlled by the laser, the welding movement preferably being a straight movement or a circular movement.
  • the control of the laser movement can alternatively be replaced by a control of the workpiece movement.
  • the type of movement varies depending on the switch or contact geometry and can be automatically adjusted by the image processing system.
  • the contact piece is preferably designed as a contact sleeve and / or the connecting piece is designed as a contact pin.
  • the cross section of the sleeve opening can be adapted to the shape of the connector.
  • the contact sleeve is preferably large enough to be able to accommodate the connecting piece and so small that an undesired slipping off of the contact sleeve is avoided.
  • the contact piece can be positioned on the connection piece by plugging the contact sleeve onto the contact pin.
  • the workpiece is inserted into a workpiece carrier before welding, the connecting piece being opposite one in an inserted state
  • the surface of the workpiece carrier protrudes.
  • the workpiece surface can lie essentially in one plane with the surface of the workpiece carrier.
  • a workpiece carrier is a carrier on which one or more workpieces are fastened in order to transport them from a workpiece conveyor along a production line through several production stations.
  • the workpiece carrier can be designed in such a way that it absorbs a large part of the workpiece and thus protects it against scattered radiation, while the alignment between laser radiation and workpiece surface remains unaffected.
  • the workpiece carrier can have at least one guide groove for guiding the at least one line.
  • the line is thus fixed during the procedure and protected against laser radiation.
  • the fixed line also ensures that an undesired slipping of the contact piece from the connecting piece is reduced before welding.
  • the at least one guide groove preferably extends in a direction essentially transversely to the laser radiation.
  • the guide groove can be so deep that it completely takes up the line. In this arrangement, the line is optimally protected from the laser radiation.
  • the workpiece surface is aligned (relative to the laser beam) during welding by the arrangement of the equipped workpiece carrier on a welding carrier with an obliquely designed welding carrier surface.
  • the preconfigured workpiece carriers are oriented by the inclined surfaces of the welding carrier in the welding cell.
  • the welding support can be part of the transport system that is loaded with the workpiece carriers and moved into the welding cell by means of a transfer system.
  • the weld beam with angled training Welding carrier surface offers a particularly simple and reliable possibility of specifying the alignment of the workpieces in the welding cell.
  • the welding support can have further means which enable the workpiece holder to be fixed.
  • a welding carrier is preferably equipped with at least two workpiece carriers equipped, the arrangement of the workpiece carriers being mirrored to one another. This arrangement enables a high packing density of the work pieces.
  • the welding support can have a depression in the middle, which provides additional cooling in this area and / or deflects the reflected laser radiation in a predetermined direction.
  • the workpiece may have a second connector on the workpiece surface, one end of a second line being pre-assembled with a second contact piece adapted to the second connector, the second contact piece being positioned on the second connector, and the alignment between the laser radiation and the workpiece surface the two welds are the same.
  • the first and the second contact piece are preferably arranged offset from one another in a direction substantially transverse to the direction of the laser radiation. This makes it possible to maintain the focal plane of the laser between the welding processes.
  • the workpiece carrier preferably has a second guide groove for guiding the second line on the workpiece carrier, the second guide groove having an L shape. The lines can be routed parallel to each other and mainly across the direction of the laser radiation.
  • the invention also relates to a system comprising a workpiece carrier and a welding carrier for establishing an electrical connection between at least one line and at least one connector of a workpiece by means of laser radiation.
  • the workpiece carrier is designed to receive the workpiece and the welding carrier is designed to receive the workpiece carrier, a line running along the laser radiation intersecting a plane defined by the workpiece surface outside the workpiece in an inserted state. In an inserted state, the workpiece is inserted into the workpiece carrier and the workpiece carrier is arranged on the welding carrier.
  • the invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the device according to the invention comprises an assembly station for positioning the at least one line pre-assembled with an adapted contact piece on the at least one connecting piece of the workpiece and a laser welding station for welding the contact piece to the connecting piece by means of laser radiation.
  • the system according to the invention and the device according to the invention for carrying out the method according to the invention can be continued with further features described in connection with the method according to the invention.
  • the method according to the invention can be further developed with the features described in the context of the system according to the invention and the device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a workpiece 20 in the form of a switch with two contacts.
  • the workpiece 20 has two connecting pieces 25a, 25b, which are arranged on a workpiece surface 21.
  • the two connecting pieces 25a, 25b of the workpiece 20 are arranged in alignment on a line.
  • the number and arrangement of the connecting pieces 25a, 25b on the workpiece surface 21 is purely exemplary and depends, among other things, on intended switch type.
  • the connecting pieces 25a, 25b are designed as contact pins with a circular cross section. Methods for pressing contact pins into suitable receptacles (for example an embossed bead in the workpiece) of a workpiece 20 are known from the prior art.
  • the workpiece 20 shown are already positioned contact pieces 15a, 15b.
  • the lines 13a, 13b are assembled at one end with the contact pieces 15a, 15b. This is done, for example, by pressing / squeezing the contact piece 15a, 15b with the end of the line 13a, 13b which has been stripped beforehand.
  • Different geometries for the contact pieces 15a, 15b are known, each of which depends on the arrangement of the connecting piece 25a, 25b on the workpiece 20 and the line routing.
  • the contact pieces 15a, 15b are each designed as a contact sleeve, so that positioning on the connecting pieces 25a, 25b takes place in such a way that they are placed on the connecting pieces 25a, 25b and then crimped if necessary.
  • the contact pieces 15a, 15b are adapted to the shape or the cross section of the connecting pieces 25a, 25b designed as contact pins. It is often desirable to route the lines 13a, 13b in the direction of the line of alignment of the connecting pieces.
  • the contact piece 15a, 15b and the connecting piece 25a, 25b are used to establish an electrical connection between the line 13a, 13b and the connecting piece 25a, 25b of the workpiece 20 welded together by means of laser welding.
  • There are contact pieces 15a, 15b and connecting piece 25a, 25b preferably of the same material, preferably of copper or brass. Excess material of the connection piece 25a, 25b or contact piece 15a, 15b essentially serves as the welding material. Laser welding is preferred for the production of an electrical connection, since only very short laser pulses are required and the thermal stress on the workpiece 20 is therefore relatively low.
  • the laser radiation during laser welding cuts a plane outside the workpiece 20 that is predetermined by the workpiece surface 21. In other words, no direct laser radiation impinges directly on the workpiece 20 or the workpiece surface 21.
  • the workpiece 20 is aligned laterally to the laser radiation on the one hand so that the laser beam passes the workpiece 20 up to the welding point between the connecting piece 25a, 25b and contact piece 15a, 15b.
  • the workpiece surface 21 is tilted slightly with respect to the laser radiation, so that an intersection exists between a straight line running along the laser radiation and the area predetermined by the workpiece surface.
  • a preferred cutting angle is preferably about 10 °.
  • a surface normal of the workpiece surface 21 is then aligned in a direction facing away from the laser source.
  • the laser radiation is directed, for example, from above onto the workpiece 20, the surface normal of the workpiece surface 21 then points in the direction of a bottom of the welding cell 50.
  • the connecting piece 25a, 25b and the contact piece 15a, 15b form a high-quality connection which ensures reliable electrical contact between the line 13a, 13b and the workpiece 20.
  • the workpiece 20 can be inserted into a workpiece carrier 30.
  • the workpiece carrier 30 has a recess 31 for receiving the workpiece 20.
  • Figure 2 shows the workpiece 20 and the workpiece carrier 30 shortly before insertion.
  • the workpiece carrier 30 has guide grooves 31a, 31b, 31c, which are designed to receive the lines 13a and 13b.
  • the number of guide grooves 13a, 13b, 13c in turn depends on the number of lines 13a, 13b used.
  • the guide grooves 31a, 31b, 31c run essentially along the alignment line of the connecting pieces 25a, 25b.
  • the guide groove 31b has an L shape.
  • the workpiece 20 is shown from above in a state inserted into the workpiece carrier 3.
  • the connection piece 25a, 25b protrudes from a surface of the workpiece carrier 30 (not recognizable in FIG Fig. 3 ).
  • the workpiece surface 21 runs essentially in one plane with a surface of the workpiece carrier 30.
  • the surface of the workpiece carrier 30 is slightly inclined toward the outside.
  • the lines 13a and 13b are fixed in the guide grooves 31a, 31b of the workpiece carrier 30.
  • the workpiece 20 is positioned in the welding cell 50 via a welding support 40 with an inclined welding support surface 42.
  • FIGS Figures 4a and 4b show the system according to the invention of a workpiece carrier 30 and a welding carrier 40 in an inserted state for establishing an electrical connection.
  • the workpiece holder 30 is designed to hold the workpiece 20 and the welding holder 40 is designed to hold the workpiece holder 30.
  • the laser radiation, not shown, is usually from above.
  • the workpiece surface 21 In order for the laser radiation or an extension of the laser radiation to cut a plane outside the workpiece 20 that is predetermined by the workpiece surface 21, the workpiece surface 21 must be tilted with respect to the vertically irradiated laser radiation. As in Figure 4 shown, this takes place via the obliquely designed welding carrier surfaces 42 on which the workpiece carriers 30 rest.
  • the angle of the obliquely designed welding support surface 42 to the horizontal is preferably approximately 10 °. It follows from this that the workpiece surface 21 encloses an angle of approximately 80 ° to the horizontal in this position.
  • a recess 41 is arranged in the center of the welding support 40, which ensures cooling after the welding process.
  • a plurality of plastic blocks 44 are also arranged, which form a contact surface for the workpiece holder 30 and fix the workpiece holder 30 in the tilted position.
  • FIG. 5 a four-fold weld carrier 40 is shown enlarged.
  • the workpiece carriers 30 rest on the inclined welding carrier surface 40 and are therefore tilted by approximately 10 ° to the horizontal.
  • the workpiece carriers 30 also lie against the centrally arranged plastic blocks 44 of the welding carrier 40. This is possible because the lines 13a, 13b are guided in the provided guide grooves 31a, 31b of the workpiece carrier 30.
  • the workpiece 20 is thus arranged in a position in which the laser radiation can weld the contact piece 15a, 15b and the connecting piece 25a, 25b without irradiating directly onto the workpiece surface 21.
  • An intersection angle between a straight line running along the laser radiation and a plane spanned by the workpiece surface is between 5 ° and 15 °, preferably around 10 °.
  • the connecting pieces 25 to be welded can be easily reached from above.
  • the device has a transport system 52 with which the workpieces 20 are transported to the individual stations 54, 52.
  • the stations include several loading and unloading stations 54 (shown as manual work stations for loading).
  • the cables or lines 13a, 13b pre-assembled with contact pieces 15a, 15b are first positioned on the connecting pieces 25a, 25b of the workpieces 20.
  • sleeve-shaped contact pieces 15a, 15b can be plugged onto the connection pins of the workpiece 20, so that the workpiece has the configuration of Figure 3 reached.
  • the equipment works fully automatically, but can be equipped as a manual workstation if required.
  • the ends of the cables are assembled fully automatically with contact pieces 15a, 15b.
  • the lines 13a, 13b with the contact piece 15a, 15b are arranged on the connecting piece 25a, 25b of the workpiece 20.
  • the workpiece 20 is then inserted into the workpiece carrier 30 and transported by the transport system 52 to the assembly control.
  • the assembled workpiece carrier is transported to the laser welding station 50, where the contact pieces 15a, 15b and connecting pieces 25a, 25b are fused together by means of a laser beam, so that the laser radiation cuts a plane outside the workpiece that is predetermined by the workpiece surface 21.
  • the equipped workpiece carriers 30 are arranged on a welding carrier 40 with inclined welding carrier surfaces 42.
  • Four equipped workpiece carriers 30 are preferably arranged on a welding carrier 40, the inclined welding carrier surface 42 preferably enclosing an angle of approximately 10 ° to the horizontal.
  • the loaded workpiece carriers 30 are automatically held in position by means of additional plastic blocks 44. The oblique orientation on the basic system ensures that the workpieces are protected during automatic welding and are not damaged by the welding beam.
  • the welding supports 40 are moved into the welding cell 50 by means of a transfer system.
  • the corresponding laser program can be selected, for example, by reading out a date matrix code on the workpiece carrier.
  • the contact piece 15a, 15b and the connecting piece 25a, 25b are searched for via an image processing system and compared with predefined images. This check is carried out separately for each loaded workpiece holder 30. If a workpiece 20 has a defect, it will not be welded at all.
  • a welding point at which the laser starts the welding process is then determined fully automatically.
  • the welding movement depends on the type of workpiece / switch and can either be a straight movement or a circular movement controlled by the laser.
  • the workpiece carriers move back to the loading / unloading station 54 and are re-equipped.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
EP19204057.4A 2018-12-06 2019-10-18 Procédé de soudage permettant de fabriquer un raccordement électrique Active EP3664230B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018131138.9A DE102018131138B3 (de) 2018-12-06 2018-12-06 SCHWEIßVERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG EINER ELEKTRISCHEN VERBINDUNG

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3664230A1 true EP3664230A1 (fr) 2020-06-10
EP3664230B1 EP3664230B1 (fr) 2022-08-17

Family

ID=68296097

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19204057.4A Active EP3664230B1 (fr) 2018-12-06 2019-10-18 Procédé de soudage permettant de fabriquer un raccordement électrique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3664230B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102018131138B3 (fr)
HU (1) HUE060427T2 (fr)
PL (1) PL3664230T3 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5269056A (en) * 1992-09-16 1993-12-14 Oea, Inc. Laser welding of wire strands to an electrode pin
EP1306926A2 (fr) * 1999-09-24 2003-05-02 EIV Engeser Innovative Verbindungstechnik GmbH Pièce de contact pour connexion électrique
US7630768B1 (en) * 2006-10-04 2009-12-08 Greatbatch Ltd. One-piece header assembly for an implantable medical device and methods for making same
US20100072179A1 (en) * 2008-09-24 2010-03-25 Avx Corporation Laser Welding of Electrolytic Capacitors
US20170110805A1 (en) * 2015-10-20 2017-04-20 Japan Aviation Electronics Industry, Ltd. Fixing structure and fixing method

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016125748B3 (de) * 2016-11-16 2018-03-01 Auto-Kabel Management Gmbh Verbindung eines elektrischen Leiters mit einem Anschlussteil

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5269056A (en) * 1992-09-16 1993-12-14 Oea, Inc. Laser welding of wire strands to an electrode pin
EP1306926A2 (fr) * 1999-09-24 2003-05-02 EIV Engeser Innovative Verbindungstechnik GmbH Pièce de contact pour connexion électrique
US7630768B1 (en) * 2006-10-04 2009-12-08 Greatbatch Ltd. One-piece header assembly for an implantable medical device and methods for making same
US20100072179A1 (en) * 2008-09-24 2010-03-25 Avx Corporation Laser Welding of Electrolytic Capacitors
US20170110805A1 (en) * 2015-10-20 2017-04-20 Japan Aviation Electronics Industry, Ltd. Fixing structure and fixing method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102018131138B3 (de) 2020-03-26
PL3664230T3 (pl) 2023-03-13
EP3664230B1 (fr) 2022-08-17
HUE060427T2 (hu) 2023-02-28

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