EP3658733A1 - Gebäudefassadensystem mit hygroskopischem und autoreaktivem entfeuchtungsmechanismus - Google Patents
Gebäudefassadensystem mit hygroskopischem und autoreaktivem entfeuchtungsmechanismusInfo
- Publication number
- EP3658733A1 EP3658733A1 EP18750360.2A EP18750360A EP3658733A1 EP 3658733 A1 EP3658733 A1 EP 3658733A1 EP 18750360 A EP18750360 A EP 18750360A EP 3658733 A1 EP3658733 A1 EP 3658733A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- moisture
- building facade
- facade system
- opening
- air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
- E06B7/12—Measures preventing the formation of condensed water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/88—Curtain walls
- E04B2/90—Curtain walls comprising panels directly attached to the structure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
- E06B7/02—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows for providing ventilation, e.g. through double windows; Arrangement of ventilation roses
- E06B2007/026—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows for providing ventilation, e.g. through double windows; Arrangement of ventilation roses with air flow between panes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a building facade system with a hygroscopic and autoreactive dehumidifying mechanism.
- the invention relates to a double façade, such as a closed-cavity façade, with a hygroscopic and autoreactive dehumidification mechanism that requires no additional control or expensive maintenance.
- the facade gap needs no additional cleaning measure, since it is completely sealed from the outside and from the inside and ventilated with clean air. This is made possible by a continuous supply of dry and clean air and a slight overpressure in the closed shell space. With this measure, the aim is to prevent the resulting condensation of water vapor due to temperature fluctuations and thus fluctuating relative humidity.
- the amounts of air introduced into the cavity are preconditioned, especially dried. In some applications, the air can be optionally adapted by house technical systems at different temperatures.
- the dehumidified air which is introduced into the space with a constant overpressure, prevents condensation, which arise in conventional double-shelled facades, especially in the lower area of the inside of the (outer) glazing, especially with temperature variations within a day.
- EP 2441910 AI discloses a double facade element for buildings comprising an inner pane arrangement with at least one glass pane and an outer pane arrangement with at least one glass pane, each by a frame arrangement are held, wherein the frame assembly has at least one pressure equalization opening, which connects the gap with the atmosphere.
- the activation of the valve is triggered by a control device, which is equipped with data from sensor elements for detecting air temperature, humidity or air pressure.
- the actuation of the valve and thus the ventilation of the space between the panes can thus be automated.
- this solution effectively prevents condensation in the space between the panes of the facade.
- the mechanical elements have to be maintained.
- the sensors and the control of the valve require power, which increases the complexity and cost of proposed in EP 2441910 AI solution.
- the present invention provides a building facade system that effectively overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art.
- the following disclosure is for the improved understanding of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
- a building facade system comprising a frame construction; an outer disk held by the frame structure and forming an interface with outside air; an inner disk held by the frame structure, spaced from the outer disk by a distance, and disposed facing the building.
- the frame construction defines one with the outer pane and the inner pane Space between the panes.
- the frame structure further includes a first opening that allows gas flow between the outside air and the space between the panes, a first shutter mechanism that substantially airtightly closes the first opening, and a first humidity-responsive control element that communicates with air in the panes of space first closure mechanism opens or closes via a moisture-sensitive dimensional change of the control element, which depends on the relative humidity in the space between the panes.
- the moisture-responsive controller is autoreactive, i. responds autonomously to changing environmental conditions, and by suitably adjusting the transmission of the dimensional change to the shutter mechanism, the dehumidification is achieved by automatic ventilation of the cavity or the space between the panes.
- the moisture-reactive control element reacts particularly preferably to the change in the relative humidity.
- the control element responds e.g. with a length extension. This is transferred to the shutter mechanism, which opens the opening and starts the ventilation of the cavity. Only relatively drier air gradually replaces the relatively humid air of the cavity, causing the control element to contract again and close the shutter mechanism. Condensation does not occur because the air in the cavity is quickly heated to a higher temperature than the outside air due to its proximity to the building.
- the distance between the outer and inner pane of 70 mm to 250 mm, preferably from 100 mm to 150 mm.
- These distances are merely preferred dimensions of so-called "closed cavity” facades and should not be construed as limiting facades with smaller or larger inter-slice distances, such as other types of Double facades may also benefit from the present invention.
- the shutter mechanism is a shutter which is opened or closed by a lever by a change in length of the control member.
- the invention can be implemented with different closure mechanisms, as are familiar to the expert. For example, e.g. Actuators, punches, bottle or cable systems, gears, hydraulic transmissions and sliding windows and doors each alone or in combination with each other as a locking mechanism conceivable.
- the moisture-responsive control member has a strip shape and is made of an extruded, cast, braided and / or rolled moisture-reactive material.
- This embodiment uses a length change of the strip to control the closure.
- high surface area elements are preferred, such as multiple parallel, very fine fibers, as this increases the effects of dimensional change, such as length change.
- the moisture-responsive control member is made of a woven and / or braided moisture-responsive material. Again, the finer the fibers used are, the larger the area that can react with the ambient air, more specifically the water vapor contained therein, which also increases the dimensional change of the control element.
- the moisture-responsive control element comprises a hygroscopic plastic from the group of polyamides.
- the moisture-responsive control element is the hygroscopic plastic of the group of polyamides.
- the hygroscopic plastic may preferably be selected from PA6, PA66, PA11, PA12 or mixtures or copolyamides of two or more (co) polyamides from this group. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to specific ones moisture-reactive substances is limited and other substances we natural fibers or other plastic classes may also find use. It is important only the property of the substance when water absorption to change the length or the volume.
- the frame structure further includes a second opening that allows gas flow between the outside air and the space between the panes, and the second opening can also be opened or closed via the first closure mechanism and the first moisture-responsive control element.
- the first shutter mechanism By the first shutter mechanism, the first and the second opening are opened at the same time and it immediately occurs a ventilation or draft effect. This can be amplified by a chimney effect, when about the first opening in a lower frame portion and the second opening is disposed in an upper frame portion. This is particularly preferred since the direction of the air flow through the cavity is thus determined and corresponding optional filters or dehumidification measures, as described below, need only be provided at one of the openings, since the other only serves to discharge the air flow.
- the frame structure also includes a second opening that allows gas flow between the outside air and the space between the panes.
- a second shutter mechanism substantially airtightly seals the second opening and a second humidity-responsive control member communicating with air in the disc space and opening or closing the second shutter mechanism via a humidity-responsive dimensional change of the control member are provided Relative humidity in the space between the panes provided.
- the first and the second closure mechanisms can also open or shave openings in two adjacent facade systems. This is possible because the moisture conditions in two adjacent facade modules are usually very similar and can be ventilated simultaneously.
- a gradation of the strength of the ventilation of the cavity can be achieved.
- a slightly humid air which does not necessarily lead to condensation of water vapor
- only one of the two shutter mechanisms opens and slower ventilation of the cavity occurs.
- the air inlet opening of the cavity is opened in front of the outlet opening. Otherwise, debris or non-dehumidified air could enter through the second opening.
- both openings can be equipped with particle filters or dehumidifying measures.
- the first opening comprises a particulate filter and / or a dehumidifier. These serve for cleaning and dehumidifying the penetrating air and may equally be provided at the second opening.
- the particulate filter comprises a cotton filter, a Gorex membrane filter, a dry filter, an electrostatic filter, a mesh filter, or an inertial filter.
- the dehumidifying agent comprises aluminum silicate, zeolite, a pNIPAAm polymer, a combination of pNIPAAm polymer and cotton or a superabsorbent (SAP).
- filters and dehumidifiers may be provided both individually and in combination, e.g. by serially switching multiple filters and / or dehumidifiers in the airflow entering the cavity. It should also be noted that between the outer pane and the inner pane further elements, e.g. Shading devices, or discs can be arranged. In the case of additional slices, additional interspaces may either be in sufficient gas exchange with one another, or alternatively additional intermittent interventions may be provided as described above.
- the present invention has the object to create a solution that dehumidifies the façade space of a closed cavity façade without the use of external energy if there is a condensation problem.
- Fig. 1 shows a building facade system according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.
- 2A to 2D each show a schematic building facade system according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure in different situations.
- FIG. 1 shows a building facade system 100 according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the building façade system according to FIG. 1 comprises a frame construction 150.
- the frame construction does not have to be additionally modified in order to implement the present invention compared with the known prior art. Only the openings and the control over the Closure mechanisms 112 and 122 and the control elements 114 and 124, respectively, as described below, must fit into the frame structure.
- the building facade system 100 further comprises an outer pane 140, which is held by the frame structure 150 and forms an interface with the outside air B.
- the direct contact between outside air B and outside disk 140 causes water vapor to preferentially condense thereon when the outside temperature (e.g., at night) drops sharply. This phenomenon is to be prevented by the present invention.
- the building facade system 100 further includes an inner pane 130 held by the frame structure 150, spaced from the outer pane 140 by a distance A, and disposed facing the building C.
- the frame structure 150 defines with the outer pane 140 and the inner pane 130 a space between panes 160, also referred to as cavity in the present description.
- the frame structure 150 also includes at the bottom of this a first opening 110, which allows a gas flow between the outside air and the space between the panes.
- the opening is not limited in the present disclosure. However, a sufficient size is desirable to allow adequate gas exchange.
- a plurality of first openings may also be provided.
- the first opening 110 may be closed by a first closure mechanism 112 substantially airtight. Suitable sealing elements (not shown) are preferably provided in the contact area between the opening and closure.
- the shutter mechanism 112 is actuated, ie opened and closed, by a first moisture-responsive control element 114.
- the control element 114 communicates with air in the disc space 160 and opens or closes the closure 112 according to the relative humidity in the disc space 160. Specifically, the control element 114 opens the shutter 112 when the relative humidity in the cavity 160 is a preset value exceeds.
- a corresponding vote of shutter mechanism 112 and control element 114 can be implemented by a person skilled in the art with few attempts and will not be more accurate here executed.
- a second port 120 which allows gas flow between the outside air and the disc space is at the top of the frame structure 150, i. in the region of the upper edges of the discs 130 and 140, respectively.
- a second shutter mechanism 122 may be provided, which closes the second opening substantially airtight.
- FIG. 1 also indicates a first closure mechanism 210 of a system arranged above the illustrated facade system or façade module.
- the second control member 124 may also actuate the adjacent first closure mechanism 210 to open or close an adjacent first opening (not shown).
- the system according to the above description can also be provided with only a single opening and the associated closure and moisture-reactive elements.
- the ventilation in this embodiment is correspondingly slower.
- the invention preferably finds application in the space between the panes of a double-shell, large-area glazed façade. Depending on the relative humidity conditions, the cavity can be dehumidified using autoreactive moisture-reactive materials.
- the autoreactive material responds to the rising level of humidity by inducing water uptake and, consequently, an increase in volume, as a geometric change.
- the change in length or volume is preferably introduced by means of calibrated slivers (with integrated actuator sensor functions) made of polyamide or the like (PA6, PA66, PA11, PA12 or mixtures or copolyamides thereof) in a folding mechanism, the air exchange of the cavity with the environment, ie the natural ventilation of the façade space; allows. With an increase in the humidity of the ambient air, the facade closes again without additional energy.
- the incoming air is additionally dehumidified in a preferred embodiment of a desiccant (aluminum silicate, zeolite or the like).
- a desiccant aluminum silicate, zeolite or the like.
- pNIPAAm polymers can be used for temporary drying of the cavity.
- the combination of pNIPAAm polymers and cotton can store and release 3.4 times its own weight in water. Up to 34 ° C, the material can absorb large amounts of water. At higher temperatures, however, there is water.
- superabsorbents superabsorbent polymers, SAP are also possible.
- the drying agent can control the moisture release on dry days.
- the process described works auxiliary energy-free and automatically reversible and thus always possible.
- the invention provides in a preferred embodiment, the use of multiple polymer actuators: one is located in the lower part of the facade element (box member); the other in the upper part.
- a membrane Gore-tex or similar
- Other filter devices may alternatively be used, eg dry filters, electrostatic filters, sieve filters or inertial filters.
- the only temporary opening to the surrounding outer air reduces the contamination of the cavity in that it reduces by the time of the exchange with the environment and thus the entry of unclean and particulate air into the cavity.
- FIGS. 2A to 2D each show a schematic building facade system according to a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure in different situations. Figs.
- FIG. 2A and 2B are schematic representations of the conditions on a Summer day, especially the transition from high heat (Figure 2A) to the late afternoon or evening conditions ( Figure 2B).
- Figure 2A it is shown that the relative humidity in each case outside (50-75%), in the space between the panes 160 (55-75%) and inside (30-55%) are not critical per se.
- the high temperature difference between cavity 160 and interior ie 50-60 ° C compared to ⁇ 26 ° C (eg by an air conditioner) ensures a local air humidity in the area of the inner pane of over 100% and condensation occurs. It is therefore necessary to provide ventilation in the interior 160 in order to lower the temperature therein and thus to keep the relative humidity of the inner pane low, so that no condensate precipitates on the pane.
- Figures 2C and 2D are schematic representations of the conditions on a winter day, in particular the transition from early morning or night (Figure 2C) to morning and generally daytime conditions (Figure 2D).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE202017104406.8U DE202017104406U1 (de) | 2017-07-24 | 2017-07-24 | Gebäudefassadensystem mit hygroskopischem und autoreaktivem Entfeuchtungsmechanismus |
| PCT/EP2018/069972 WO2019020592A1 (de) | 2017-07-24 | 2018-07-24 | Gebäudefassadensystem mit hygroskopischem und autoreaktivem entfeuchtungsmechanismus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3658733A1 true EP3658733A1 (de) | 2020-06-03 |
| EP3658733B1 EP3658733B1 (de) | 2021-07-07 |
Family
ID=63113489
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18750360.2A Active EP3658733B1 (de) | 2017-07-24 | 2018-07-24 | Gebäudefassadensystem mit hygroskopischem und autoreaktivem entfeuchtungsmechanismus |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3658733B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE202017104406U1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2019020592A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3835505B1 (de) | 2019-12-10 | 2025-09-24 | Aepli Metallbau AG | Gebäudefassadenelement, anbauelement und verwendung einer membran zur belüftung eines zwischenraums zwischen einer aussen- und innenverglasung |
| DE202021103997U1 (de) | 2021-07-27 | 2022-10-28 | Prof. Michael Lange Ingenieurgesellschaft mbh | Zweischaliges Fassadenelement |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2671128A1 (fr) * | 1990-12-31 | 1992-07-03 | Rdv Sarl | Procede pour la realisation d'un panneau a double vitrage respirant. |
| EP2441910B1 (de) | 2010-10-13 | 2015-08-05 | seele group GmbH & Co. KG | Fassadenelement |
| DE102015219302A1 (de) * | 2015-10-06 | 2017-04-06 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Lüftungsvorrichtung |
-
2017
- 2017-07-24 DE DE202017104406.8U patent/DE202017104406U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2018
- 2018-07-24 EP EP18750360.2A patent/EP3658733B1/de active Active
- 2018-07-24 WO PCT/EP2018/069972 patent/WO2019020592A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2019020592A8 (de) | 2019-07-04 |
| DE202017104406U1 (de) | 2018-10-25 |
| WO2019020592A1 (de) | 2019-01-31 |
| EP3658733B1 (de) | 2021-07-07 |
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