EP3654110A1 - Mechanical clock piece with animated display - Google Patents
Mechanical clock piece with animated display Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3654110A1 EP3654110A1 EP18207099.5A EP18207099A EP3654110A1 EP 3654110 A1 EP3654110 A1 EP 3654110A1 EP 18207099 A EP18207099 A EP 18207099A EP 3654110 A1 EP3654110 A1 EP 3654110A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mobile
- timepiece
- mobile display
- display
- patterns
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B47/00—Time-pieces combined with other articles which do not interfere with the running or the time-keeping of the time-piece
- G04B47/04—Time-pieces combined with other articles which do not interfere with the running or the time-keeping of the time-piece with attached ornaments or amusement apparatus
- G04B47/044—Movable decorations and parts thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B45/00—Time pieces of which the indicating means or cases provoke special effects, e.g. aesthetic effects
- G04B45/0023—Inscriptions or pictures moved by the clockwork, e.g. for advertising
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/06—Free escapements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B45/00—Time pieces of which the indicating means or cases provoke special effects, e.g. aesthetic effects
- G04B45/0007—Light-, colour-, line-, or spot-effects caused by parts or pictures moved by the clockwork
Definitions
- the invention relates to a timepiece comprising at least one mechanical movement comprising at least one plate, a resonator, means for storing and distributing energy connected to an exhaust mobile by a gear train.
- the invention relates to the field of animated displays on timepieces, in particular on watches.
- the recurring problem is to offer an animation sequence, or a visual sequence of film or cartoon type, or similar, to the user of a mechanical watch, without making the movement more complex, or adding mechanical or electronic components to it.
- the apparatus called thaumatrope comprises at least two patterns on the front and back of a pivoting mobile, such as a token stretched between two wires, each of these two patterns contains only part of the information, this done when the mobile is stopped, the observer cannot see the entire image, whereas, when the mobile is set in motion, for example by twisting and then pulling the two wires, a complete image resulting from the superposition of the two patterns is then revealed to the observer; for example a bird in a cage results from the visual superposition of a first empty cage motif and a second free bird motif.
- the invention proposes to create a visual animation which operates continuously, as long as the timepiece (in particular a watch) operates, without requiring any other energy, and without altering its chronometric performance.
- the invention endeavors, again, in the particular case of the watch, not to increase its thickness, and not to weigh it down, and to modify its mechanism as little as possible: the implementation of the invention is possible on any existing mechanical watch.
- the principle of the invention consists in using the intermittent movement of the escapement wheel of a mechanical movement, or of the intermediate-escapement wheel, or else of another mobile driven by a naturally jerky movement, as for example an anchor, to offer the user a visual animation.
- the invention relates to a timepiece according to claim 1.
- the invention consists in using the intermittent movement of the escapement wheel with a mechanical movement, or else of the intermediate-escapement wheel, or another mobile with a naturally jerky movement, such as an anchor, to offer the user visual animation.
- the mobile concerned which will be referred to hereinafter as "display mobile", such as the escape wheel for example, includes graphic representations, in the form of images, made for example in screen printing or the like, or very advantageously in DRIE engravings, in particular when this mobile is made of micro-machinable material such as silicon, oxidized silicon, DLC, or the like. These graphic representations constitute the successive elements of an animated film.
- the animation is difficult to distinguish with the naked eye due to the small diameter of the escape wheel, and is better visible with a magnifying glass or microscope, and this complication is thus part of the tradition of secret signatures of old watches, like those of Abraham-Louis Breguet.
- the invention relates to a timepiece 1 comprising at least one mechanical movement 10.
- This movement 10 comprises at least one plate 2, a resonator 11, and energy storage and distribution means 3 connected to a mobile d exhaust 4 by a gear train 5.
- At least one of the mobiles which comprises the gear train 5 or an exhaust mechanism 6 to which the exhaust mobile 4 belongs and which cooperates with the resonator 11, and which are in jerky or reciprocating movement during the operation of the resonator 11, is a mobile display 7.
- a mobile display 7 comprises at least two distinct patterns 8, which are arranged to succeed one another at a fixed point of the plate 2, during the operation of the resonator 11, and for display a sequence of animated images. It is understood that only a mobile with jerky movement is capable of implementing the invention.
- the mobile display 7 is the exhaust mobile 4, which is the escape wheel, which includes the exhaust mechanism 6, or else an inter-exhaust wheel, directly engaged with the exhaust, and that includes the exhaust mechanism 6.
- the mobile display 7 is an anchor 9 that includes the exhaust mechanism 6.
- the mobile display 7 is a wheel of the gear train 5, comprising a plurality of N patterns 8, distributed angularly on this wheel, each of these patterns constituting an image of a sequence of images forming an animation, or film.
- the mobile display 7 is a crazy flywheel, which is directly engaged with the escape wheel, and which includes the escape mechanism 6.
- a flywheel does not have kinematic function, and meshes only with the escape wheel, its function is to limit the sensitivity of the oscillator to acceleration of the range, it preferably has the same inertia as the escape wheel but it can be both thinner and lighter than the latter, which allows a larger display area for the animation patterns 8, and over a larger diameter than that of the escape wheel, of which it has the same rhythm jerky.
- some of the patterns 8 of the same display mobile 7 are two-dimensional, and extend in a substantially planar manner and perpendicular to the pivot axis of the display mobile 7. More particularly all the patterns 8 of the same mobile display 7 are two-dimensional, and extend substantially planar and perpendicular to the pivot axis of the mobile display 7. More particularly still, all the patterns 8 of the same mobile display 7 are coplanar.
- some of the patterns 8 of the same display mobile 7 are three-dimensional and extend at least in part along the direction of the pivot axis of the display mobile 7.
- patterns engraved at different depths in bas-relief, make it possible to simulate a three-dimensional display of the animation, especially if the depth effect is artificially amplified by an optic allowing an improved visualization of the animations.
- a traditional mechanical watch movement generally includes a Swiss lever escapement mechanism, we will study the rarer case of a detent escapement later.
- the escape wheel remains stationary for about 45ms then moves for 5ms.
- the animation with patterns 8, carried by the escape wheel 4 as a mobile display 7, would consist of 40 images and would last 2 seconds.
- An inter-escapement wheel preceding the escapement wheel may also be suitable.
- the inter-escapement wheel makes a turn in 5 seconds (duration of the film) and 40 steps.
- the mobile display 7 preferably comprises a plurality of patterns 8 which occupy angularly distributed positions, relative to the pivot axis of the display mobile 7, with a constant angular pitch, where the patterns 8 are arranged with an angle of 360 °. / N between each of the N patterns. More particularly, the mobile display 7 has a pattern 8 in each angular position.
- the display mobile 7 is a toothed mobile, and the number of angular positions is greater than or equal to two, and is an integer multiple or submultiple of the number of teeth of the display mobile 7.
- the display mobile 7 is a toothed mobile, and the number of angular positions is greater than or equal to two, and is different from a unit of a multiple or an integer sub-multiple of the number of teeth display mobile 7.
- the display mobile 7 is a toothed mobile, and the number of angular positions is greater than or equal to two, and is prime with the number of teeth of the display mobile 7.
- the display mobile 7 has its patterns 8 of the same radial positioning relative to the pivot axis of the display mobile 7.
- the mobile display 7 has patterns 8 of different radial extension relative to the pivot axis of the mobile display 7.
- the number N of patterns 8 is advantageously between (2 * z-4) and (2 * z + 4), z being the number of teeth of the wheel. More particularly, the number N of patterns 8 is between (2 * z-1) and (2 * z + 1).
- the number N of patterns 8 is advantageously between (z-4) and (z + 4), z being the number of teeth of the wheel. More particularly, the number N of patterns 8 is between (z-1) and (z + 1).
- the timepiece 1 comprises optical means 13 for offset and / or enlargement of a pattern 8, and / or means 14 for projecting a natural or artificial light beam onto the pattern 8, and / or means 15 for reflecting the pattern 8.
- the optical means 13 for offset and / or enlargement of the pattern 8 may comprise at least one magnifying glass. More particularly, this magnifying glass is on the glass, the possible transparent bottom, and / or on the dial of the timepiece 1.
- the means 14 for projecting a natural or artificial light beam onto the pattern 8 more particularly comprise an optic for projecting the animation illuminated by the rays of the sun, a laser source or another source of artificial light.
- the reflection means 15 of the pattern 8 more particularly comprise a lens for reflecting the animation illuminated by the rays of the sun, a laser source or another source of artificial light.
- the patterns 8 are diffractive patterns which form an image on a surface distant from the timepiece 1, for example by diffraction of a laser beam.
- a particularly advantageous optical variant consists in the use of “FOP” or “plastic optical fiber”, which relates to the grouping of optical fibers into a boot or a ribbon.
- FOP or “plastic optical fiber”
- This technology allows the enlargement of the images, with tapered fibers, the diameter of which is small next to the image to be enlarged, here the zone concerned of the mobile display, and the diameter of which is greater at the outlet of the boot, at the observer level.
- the advantage of these bundles of optical fibers is, first of all their small size, with a core diameter conventionally from 120 micrometers to 1 millimeter, and a protective sheath diameter also reduced, for example 230 micrometers for a core of 120 micrometers, and then the very small authorized radius of curvature, for example 4 millimeters for a core with a diameter of 175 micrometers.
- the optical means 13 for offset and / or enlargement of the pattern 8 may comprise at least one such bundle of optical fibers in a bundle.
- Animation can thus relate, in a traditional way in watchmaking, the representation of at least one animal, or part of an animal, in movement, or of human beings in sports, running, dancing, skating, or in other activities in the tradition eighteenth century libertine watches. Any subject can be treated, in particular the characters of cartoons or tales, or other, world famous.
- the figure 7 illustrates another attractive example of implementation of the invention for the unfolding of a secret signature, which is displayed letter by letter, and / or disappears just as gradually.
- the combination with holograms allows for anti-counterfeiting markings; the particular visualization of certain patterns or sequences of patterns under a particular stroboscopic lighting also allows such identification which is difficult to identify and to reproduce.
- the figure 8 illustrates such a timepiece 1, in particular a watch, comprising a mechanical movement 10 comprising at least one plate 2, a resonator 11, energy storage and distribution means 3 connected to an exhaust mobile 4 by a gear train 5.
- the resonator 11 is associated with an exhaust mechanism 6 of which at least one mobile is a mobile display 7, animation support according to the invention.
- This timepiece 1, in particular this watch more particularly but not limited to a window 12 for viewing the pattern, and, in the case of the figure 8 , optical means 13 for shifting and / or enlarging the pattern, and means 14 for projecting a natural or artificial light beam onto the pattern, and means 15 for reflecting the pattern.
- the invention lends itself well to the use of a cut plate as a mobile display 7.
- the functional parts (teeth, hub, arm, and twill) and the patterns 8 are in the same plate.
- the mobile display 7 is manufactured by the "LIGA" process.
- the mobile display 7 is manufactured by the “DRIE” process.
- the patterns 8 are engraved on the surface of the mobile display 7.
- the patterns are printed and / or screen printed on the surface of the mobile display 7.
- the mobile display 7 comprises at least one ring which connects all of the patterns to the arms of the wheel, as visible on the figure 3 .
- the mobile display 7 comprises N radial arms 16 which connect the N patterns 8 to the hub of the mobile display 7.
- the animation is the silhouette of a movement out of the plane of the mobile display 7, making it possible to give the illusion of a three-dimensional movement.
- the invention lends itself, again, to a more complex optical animation, by the use of several neighboring display mobiles 7 each of which carries different patterns which complement each other by displaying complementary movements, certain mobiles performing a continuous jerky rotation, others can perform a jerky reciprocating movement.
- the invention by using the functioning of the escapement mechanism, without altering its efficiency, allows free visual animation to be enjoyed, without any complexity of the watch movement. It suffices, in particular, to decorate or modify the escape wheel or any mobile having a sufficient angular period, such as an anchor or an inter-escapement wheel, or a flywheel in engagement with the escape wheel, or any similar mobile.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
- Electric Clocks (AREA)
- Illuminated Signs And Luminous Advertising (AREA)
Abstract
Pièce d'horlogerie (1) comportant au moins un mouvement mécanique (10) comprenant au moins une platine (2), un résonateur (11), des moyens de stockage et de distribution d'énergie (3) reliés à un mobile d'échappement (4) par un rouage de finissage (5), où au moins un des mobiles, que comporte le rouage de finissage (5) ou un mécanisme d'échappement (6) auquel appartient le mobile d'échappement (4) et lequel coopère avec le résonateur (11), et qui sont en mouvement saccadé ou alternatif lors du fonctionnement du résonateur (11), est un mobile afficheur (7) qui comporte au moins deux motifs (8) distincts qui sont agencés pour se succéder devant un point fixe de la platine (2), lors du fonctionnement du résonateur (11), et pour y afficher une séquence d'images animée. Timepiece (1) comprising at least one mechanical movement (10) comprising at least one plate (2), a resonator (11), energy storage and distribution means (3) connected to a mobile of exhaust (4) by a gear train (5), where at least one of the mobiles, which includes the gear train (5) or an exhaust mechanism (6) to which the exhaust mobile (4) belongs and which cooperates with the resonator (11), and which are in jerky or reciprocating movement during the operation of the resonator (11), is a mobile display (7) which comprises at least two distinct patterns (8) which are arranged to succeed one another in front of a fixed point of the stage (2), during the operation of the resonator (11), and for displaying therein a sequence of animated images.
Description
L'invention concerne une pièce d'horlogerie comportant au moins un mouvement mécanique comprenant au moins une platine, un résonateur, des moyens de stockage et de distribution d'énergie reliés à un mobile d'échappement par un rouage de finissage.The invention relates to a timepiece comprising at least one mechanical movement comprising at least one plate, a resonator, means for storing and distributing energy connected to an exhaust mobile by a gear train.
L'invention concerne le domaine des affichages animés sur des pièces d'horlogerie, en particulier sur des montres.The invention relates to the field of animated displays on timepieces, in particular on watches.
Depuis les débuts de l'horlogerie, les concepteurs ont cherché à utiliser le fonctionnement régulier d'un mouvement mécanique pour ajouter des animations sonores ou visuelles à des pièces d'horlogerie, horloges, montres de table, puis montres, sous forme de sonneries, de mouvements d'automates, ou encore d'affichages particuliers.Since the beginnings of watchmaking, designers have sought to use the regular functioning of a mechanical movement to add sound or visual animations to timepieces, clocks, table watches, then watches, in the form of ring tones, movements of automata, or even specific displays.
Cette démarche reste actuelle, pour des pièces d'horlogerie qui sont destinées à distinguer leur porteur ou leur propriétaire.This approach remains current, for timepieces which are intended to distinguish their wearer or their owner.
Le problème récurrent est de proposer une séquence d'animation, ou une séquence visuelle de type film ou dessin animé, ou similaire, à l'utilisateur d'une montre mécanique, sans complexifier le mouvement, ni y ajouter de composants mécaniques ou électroniques.The recurring problem is to offer an animation sequence, or a visual sequence of film or cartoon type, or similar, to the user of a mechanical watch, without making the movement more complex, or adding mechanical or electronic components to it.
Pour réaliser une animation visuelle, il faut générer une succession d'images fixes représentant l'évolution temporelle d'un mouvement, en un lieu donné. L'intervalle de temps entre deux images doit être inférieur à environ 150ms, pour que l'observateur perçoive une animation fluide. Le temps d'affichage fixe de chaque image doit être le plus long possible pour que le contraste soit bon. Le temps de transition d'une image à l'autre doit être, lui, le plus court possible, mais est nécessaire pour interrompre l'effet de persistance rétinienne.To create a visual animation, you must generate a succession of still images representing the temporal evolution of a movement, in a given place. The time interval between two images must be less than approximately 150 ms, so that the observer perceives a fluid animation. The fixed display time of each image must be as long as possible for the contrast to be good. The transition time from one image to another must be as short as possible, but is necessary to interrupt the effect of retinal persistence.
Toute l'histoire des débuts du cinéma est liée à différents appareils basés sur le principe d'images animées : phénakistiscope, zootrope, praxinoscope, et autres. Plus particulièrement, l'appareil appelé thaumatrope comporte au moins deux motifs au recto et au verso d'un mobile pivotant, tel un jeton tendu entre deux fils, chacun de ces deux motifs ne contient qu'une partie de l'information, de ce fait lorsque le mobile est arrêté, l'observateur ne peut voir l'entièreté de l'image, alors que, lorsque le mobile est mis en mouvement, par exemple par torsion puis traction des deux fils, une image complète résultant de la superposition des deux motifs se révèle alors à l'observateur ; par exemple un oiseau en cage résulte de la superposition visuelle d'un premier motif de cage vide et d'un deuxième motif d'oiseau libre.The whole history of the beginnings of cinema is linked to different devices based on the principle of moving images: phenakistiscope, zootrope, praxinoscope, and others. More particularly, the apparatus called thaumatrope comprises at least two patterns on the front and back of a pivoting mobile, such as a token stretched between two wires, each of these two patterns contains only part of the information, this done when the mobile is stopped, the observer cannot see the entire image, whereas, when the mobile is set in motion, for example by twisting and then pulling the two wires, a complete image resulting from the superposition of the two patterns is then revealed to the observer; for example a bird in a cage results from the visual superposition of a first empty cage motif and a second free bird motif.
On trouve aussi des mécanismes d'animation dans des montres, mais, si on part d'un mouvement de rotation continue, on a besoin d'un mécanisme, tel qu'une croix de Malte, comme dans un projecteur de cinéma, pour créer le mouvement saccadé nécessaire à l'obtention d'un film. Un tel mécanisme est très gourmand en énergie, surtout aux fréquences supérieures à 10 Hz, qui sont nécessaires pour faire un film fluide, qui soit agréable à regarder par l'utilisateur.There are also animation mechanisms in watches, but, if we start with a continuous rotation movement, we need a mechanism, such as a Maltese cross, as in a cinema projector, to create the jerky movement necessary to obtain a film. Such a mechanism is very energy intensive, especially at frequencies above 10 Hz, which are necessary to make a fluid film, which is pleasant to watch by the user.
Les documents
L'invention se propose de créer une animation visuelle qui fonctionne en permanence, aussi longtemps que la pièce d'horlogerie (notamment une montre) fonctionne, sans requérir d'autre énergie, et sans altérer ses performances chronométriques.The invention proposes to create a visual animation which operates continuously, as long as the timepiece (in particular a watch) operates, without requiring any other energy, and without altering its chronometric performance.
L'invention s'attache, encore, dans le cas particulier de la montre, à ne pas augmenter son épaisseur, et à ne pas l'alourdir, et à modifier le moins possible son mécanisme : la mise en oeuvre de l'invention est possible sur toute montre mécanique existante.The invention endeavors, again, in the particular case of the watch, not to increase its thickness, and not to weigh it down, and to modify its mechanism as little as possible: the implementation of the invention is possible on any existing mechanical watch.
Le principe de l'invention consiste à utiliser le mouvement intermittent de la roue d'échappement d'un mouvement mécanique, ou bien de la roue intermédiaire-échappement, ou bien d'un autre mobile animé d'un mouvement naturellement saccadé, comme par exemple une ancre, pour proposer à l'utilisateur une animation visuelle.The principle of the invention consists in using the intermittent movement of the escapement wheel of a mechanical movement, or of the intermediate-escapement wheel, or else of another mobile driven by a naturally jerky movement, as for example an anchor, to offer the user a visual animation.
A cet effet, l'invention concerne une pièce d'horlogerie selon la revendication 1.To this end, the invention relates to a timepiece according to claim 1.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre, en référence aux dessins annexés, où :
- la
figure 1 représente, de façon schématisée, une séquence de sept motifs graphiques formant une animation d'homme pratiquant la course à pied; - la
figure 2 représente, de façon similaire à lafigure 1 , la décomposition du mouvement d'un coureur, où la silhouette est construite sous forme de bâtons articulés ; - la
figure 3 représente, de façon schématisée, une roue d'échappement munie de 20 dents et 39 motifs représentant un coureur, avec deux anneaux permettant de relier les motifs aux bras de la roue ; - la
figure 4 est un détail de lafigure 3 ; - la
figure 5 est un détail d'une autre roue, notamment une roue d'échappement, qui comporte autant de bras radiaux que de motifs, et qui relient ceux-ci au moyeu de la roue ; - la
figure 6 représente, de façon similaire à lafigure 1 , la décomposition du mouvement d'une patineuse, où l'animation est la silhouette d'un mouvement hors du plan de la roue, permettant de donner l'illusion d'un mouvement tridimensionnel ; - la
figure 7 représente, de façon schématisée, une partie d'une autre roue, laquelle comporte des rayons, ou encore des secteurs, portant chacun une partie d'une signature secrète, de façon à faire apparaître puis disparaître graduellement l'expression française « Signature secrète » ; - la
figure 8 est un schéma-blocs représentant une pièce d'horlogerie, notamment une montre, comportant un mouvement mécanique, comportant un résonateur associé à un mécanisme d'échappement dont au moins un mobile est un mobile support d'animation selon l'invention, cette montre comportant un guichet de visualisation du motif, des moyens optiques d'agrandissement du motif, et des moyens de projection d'un faisceau lumineux naturel ou artificiel sur le motif, et des moyens de réflexion du motif.
- the
figure 1 represents, schematically, a sequence of seven graphic patterns forming an animation of a man practicing running; - the
figure 2 represents, similarly to thefigure 1 , the decomposition of the movement of a runner, where the silhouette is constructed in the form of articulated sticks; - the
figure 3 represents, schematically, an escape wheel provided with 20 teeth and 39 patterns representing a runner, with two rings making it possible to connect the patterns to the arms of the wheel; - the
figure 4 is a detail of thefigure 3 ; - the
figure 5 is a detail of another wheel, in particular an escape wheel, which has as many radial arms as there are patterns, and which connect these to the hub of the wheel; - the
figure 6 represents, similarly to thefigure 1 , the decomposition of the movement of a skater, where the animation is the silhouette of a movement outside the plane of the wheel, making it possible to give the illusion of a three-dimensional movement; - the
figure 7 represents, schematically, part of another wheel, which has spokes, or sectors, each bearing part of a secret signature, so as to gradually appear and then disappear the French expression "Signature secrète"; - the
figure 8 is a block diagram representing a timepiece, in particular a watch, comprising a mechanical movement, comprising a resonator associated with an escape mechanism of which at least one mobile is a mobile animation support according to the invention, this watch comprising a window for viewing the pattern, optical means for enlarging the pattern, and means for projecting a natural or artificial light beam onto the pattern, and means for reflecting the pattern.
L'invention consiste à utiliser le mouvement intermittent de la roue d'échappement d'un mouvement mécanique, ou bien de la roue intermédiaire-échappement, ou bien d'un autre mobile animé d'un mouvement naturellement saccadé, comme par exemple une ancre, pour proposer à l'utilisateur une animation visuelle.The invention consists in using the intermittent movement of the escapement wheel with a mechanical movement, or else of the intermediate-escapement wheel, or another mobile with a naturally jerky movement, such as an anchor, to offer the user visual animation.
Pour ce faire, le mobile concerné, qu'on dénommera ci-après « mobile afficheur », comme par exemple la roue d'échappement, comporte des représentations graphiques, sous la forme d'images, faites par exemple en sérigraphie ou similaire, ou très avantageusement en gravures DRIE notamment quand ce mobile est en matériau micro-usinable tel que silicium, silicium oxydé, DLC, ou similaire. Ces représentations graphiques constituent les éléments successifs d'un film d'animation. Naturellement il est possible de réaliser une telle animation sur plusieurs mobiles, notamment sur plusieurs mobiles voisins comme une roue d'échappement, une ancre, une roue inter-échappement, ou encore une roue d'inertie cinématiquement liée à la roue d'échappement, pour présenter à l'utilisateur une animation plus complexe ou combinant des mouvements, comme par exemple un personnage animé d'un mouvement complexe et représenté sur une roue d'échappement, et présentant à intervalles réguliers un objet devant un outil à mouvement alternatif, marteau ou hache, figuré sur l'ancre. Un affichage sur deux mobiles afficheurs engrenant l'un avec l'autre permet la représentation d'un couple de danseurs, ou de patineurs, ou similaire, dont les mouvements peuvent avoir des fréquences différentes, ce qui se traduit par des animations évolutives dans le temps.To do this, the mobile concerned, which will be referred to hereinafter as "display mobile", such as the escape wheel for example, includes graphic representations, in the form of images, made for example in screen printing or the like, or very advantageously in DRIE engravings, in particular when this mobile is made of micro-machinable material such as silicon, oxidized silicon, DLC, or the like. These graphic representations constitute the successive elements of an animated film. Naturally, it is possible to carry out such an animation on several mobiles, in particular on several neighboring mobiles such as an escape wheel, an anchor, an inter-escapement wheel, or even an inertia wheel kinematically linked to the escape wheel, to present the user with a more complex animation or combining movements, such as a character animated by a complex movement and represented on an escape wheel, and presenting an object at regular intervals in front of a reciprocating tool, hammer or ax, figured on the anchor. A display on two mobile displays meshing with each other allows the representation of a couple of dancers, or skaters, or the like, whose movements can have different frequencies, which results in evolutionary animations in the time.
Dans le cas de sélection de la roue d'échappement comme mobile afficheur, l'animation est difficile à distinguer à l'oeil nu en raison du petit diamètre de la roue d'échappement, et est mieux visible à la loupe ou au microscope, et cette complication s'inscrit ainsi dans la tradition des signatures secrètes des anciennes montres, comme celles d'Abraham-Louis Breguet.When the escape wheel is selected as a mobile display, the animation is difficult to distinguish with the naked eye due to the small diameter of the escape wheel, and is better visible with a magnifying glass or microscope, and this complication is thus part of the tradition of secret signatures of old watches, like those of Abraham-Louis Breguet.
La mise en oeuvre industrielle de l'invention, par la réalisation de motifs micrométriques est désormais réalisable pour une montre, grâce à l'avènement des techniques de micro-fabrication, qui permettent de graver des motifs suffisamment petits sur un mobile d'horlogerie.The industrial implementation of the invention, by producing micrometric patterns is now possible for a watch, thanks to the advent of micro-manufacturing techniques, which make it possible to engrave sufficiently small patterns on a clockwork mobile.
Ainsi l'invention concerne une pièce d'horlogerie 1 comportant au moins un mouvement mécanique 10. Ce mouvement 10 comporte au moins une platine 2, un résonateur 11, et des moyens de stockage et de distribution d'énergie 3 reliés à un mobile d'échappement 4 par un rouage de finissage 5.Thus, the invention relates to a timepiece 1 comprising at least one
Selon l'invention, au moins un des mobiles, que comporte le rouage de finissage 5 ou un mécanisme d'échappement 6 à laquelle appartient le mobile d'échappement 4 et laquelle coopère avec le résonateur 11, et qui sont en mouvement saccadé ou alternatif lors du fonctionnement du résonateur 11, est un mobile afficheur 7. Un tel mobile afficheur 7 comporte au moins deux motifs 8 distincts, qui sont agencés pour se succéder devant un point fixe de la platine 2, lors du fonctionnement du résonateur 11, et pour y afficher une séquence d'images animée. On comprend que seul un mobile à mouvement saccadé est apte à la mise en oeuvre de l'invention.According to the invention, at least one of the mobiles, which comprises the
Dans une variante avantageuse, le mobile afficheur 7 est le mobile d'échappement 4, qui est la roue d'échappement, que comporte le mécanisme d'échappement 6, ou bien une roue inter-échappement, directement en prise avec la roue d'échappement, et que comporte le mécanisme d'échappement 6.In an advantageous variant, the
Dans une autre variante, le mobile afficheur 7 est une ancre 9 que comporte le mécanisme d'échappement 6.In another variant, the
Dans une autre variante, le mobile afficheur 7 est une roue du rouage de finissage 5, comportant une pluralité de N motifs 8, distribués angulairement sur cette roue, chacun de ces motifs constituant une image d'une séquence d'images formant une animation, ou film.In another variant, the
Dans une autre variante encore, le mobile afficheur 7 est une roue d'inertie folle, qui est directement en prise avec la roue d'échappement, et que comporte le mécanisme d'échappement 6. Une telle roue d'inertie n'a pas de fonction cinématique, et n'engrène qu'avec la roue d'échappement, sa fonction est de limiter la sensibilité de l'oscillateur aux accélérations du porté, elle a de préférence la même inertie que la roue d'échappement mais elle peut être à la fois plus mince et plus légère que cette dernière, ce qui autorise une plus grande surface d'affichage des motifs 8 d'animation, et sur un plus grand diamètre que celui de la roue d'échappement, dont elle possède le même rythme saccadé.In yet another variant, the
Dans le mode de réalisation le plus simple, certains des motifs 8 d'un même mobile afficheur 7 sont bidimensionnels, et s'étendent de façon sensiblement plane et perpendiculaire à l'axe de pivotement du mobile afficheur 7. Plus particulièrement tous les motifs 8 d'un même mobile afficheur 7 sont bidimensionnels, et s'étendent de façon sensiblement plane et perpendiculaire à l'axe de pivotement du mobile afficheur 7. Plus particulièrement encore, tous les motifs 8 d'un même mobile afficheur 7 sont coplanaires.In the simplest embodiment, some of the
Dans un autre mode de réalisation, certains des motifs 8 d'un même mobile afficheur 7 sont tridimensionnels et s'étendent au moins en partie selon la direction de l'axe de pivotement du mobile afficheur 7. Par exemple des motifs gravés à différentes profondeurs, en bas-relief, permettent de simuler un affichage tridimensionnel de l'animation, surtout si l'effet de profondeur est artificiellement amplifié par une optique permettant une visualisation améliorée des animations.In another embodiment, some of the
Un mouvement d'horlogerie mécanique traditionnel comporte généralement un mécanisme d'échappement à ancre Suisse, nous étudierons plus loin le cas plus rare d'un échappement à détente. Dans un exemple classique, pour un échappement à ancre Suisse possédant une roue d'échappement de z= 20 dents, et fonctionnant à une fréquence de f= 10 Hz, la roue d'échappement parcourt 2*z= 40 pas par tour, et se déplace d'un pas toutes les dt= 1/(2*f) = 50 ms. La roue d'échappement reste immobile durant 45ms environ puis bouge durant 5ms. Dans cet exemple, l'animation avec des motifs 8, portés par la roue d'échappement 4 comme mobile afficheur 7, serait constituée de 40 images et durerait 2 secondes.A traditional mechanical watch movement generally includes a Swiss lever escapement mechanism, we will study the rarer case of a detent escapement later. In a classic example, for a Swiss anchor escapement having an escape wheel of z = 20 teeth, and operating at a frequency of f = 10 Hz, the escape wheel travels 2 * z = 40 steps per revolution, and moves one step every dt = 1 / (2 * f) = 50 ms. The escape wheel remains stationary for about 45ms then moves for 5ms. In this example, the animation with
Il convient de noter que, si l'on répartit un nombre N d'images différent de 2*z sur le pourtour du mobile afficheur 7, notamment de la roue d'échappement 4, alors l'animation se déplace, en avant ou en arrière, selon que N est plus grand ou plus petit que le nombre de positions du mobile afficheur 7. En effet en un lieu d'observation donné, les N motifs vont se succéder, toutes les dt secondes, avec un léger décalage angulaire de dA= sign(vitesse angulaire moyenne du mobile afficheur)*(360°/N-360°/(2*z)). La valeur de DA est donc une valeur algébrique, selon que le motif semble avancer ou reculer par rapport à l'observateur.It should be noted that, if a number N of images different from 2 * z is distributed over the periphery of the
On peut imaginer un trou de regard pour visionner l'animation à un endroit précis, ou encore un mouvement squeletté, pour voir N fois l'animation en N lieux différents. Soit z le nombre de dents de la roue d'échappement et f la fréquence du résonateur. Alors la durée de l'animation est de T=z/f et le nombre d'images de la séquence est de N=2*z. Après un temps T, l'animation se répète.We can imagine a look hole to view the animation at a specific place, or a skeletonized movement, to see N times the animation in N different places. Let z be the number of teeth of the escape wheel and f the frequency of the resonator. Then the duration of the animation is T = z / f and the number of images in the sequence is N = 2 * z. After a time T, the animation repeats.
Une roue inter-échappement précédant la roue d'échappement peut également convenir. Par exemple, pour un échappement coaxial avec une roue de 8 dents, un résonateur avec une fréquence de 4 Hz, et une démultiplication entre la roue inter-échappement et la roue d'échappement de 2.5, la roue inter-échappement fait un tour en 5 secondes (durée du film) et 40 pas.An inter-escapement wheel preceding the escapement wheel may also be suitable. For example, for a coaxial escapement with an 8-tooth wheel, a resonator with a frequency of 4 Hz, and a reduction between the inter-escapement wheel and the escape wheel of 2.5, the inter-escapement wheel makes a turn in 5 seconds (duration of the film) and 40 steps.
Le mobile afficheur 7 comporte de préférence une pluralité de motifs 8 qui occupent des positions distribuées angulairement, par rapport à l'axe de pivotement du mobile afficheur 7, avec un pas angulaire constant, où les motifs 8 sont disposés avec un angle de 360°/N entre chacun des N motifs. Plus particulièrement le mobile afficheur 7 comporte un motif 8 dans chaque position angulaire.The
Dans une variante, le mobile afficheur 7 est un mobile denté, et le nombre des positions angulaires est supérieur ou égal à deux, et est un multiple ou sous-multiple entier du nombre de dents du mobile afficheur 7.In a variant, the display mobile 7 is a toothed mobile, and the number of angular positions is greater than or equal to two, and is an integer multiple or submultiple of the number of teeth of the
Dans une autre variante, le mobile afficheur 7 est un mobile denté, et le nombre des positions angulaires est supérieur ou égal à deux, et est différent d'une unité d'un multiple ou d'un sous-multiple entier du nombre de dents du mobile afficheur 7.In another variant, the display mobile 7 is a toothed mobile, and the number of angular positions is greater than or equal to two, and is different from a unit of a multiple or an integer sub-multiple of the number of teeth display mobile 7.
Dans une autre variante encore, le mobile afficheur 7 est un mobile denté, et le nombre des positions angulaires est supérieur ou égal à deux, et est premier avec le nombre de dents du mobile afficheur 7.In yet another variant, the display mobile 7 is a toothed mobile, and the number of angular positions is greater than or equal to two, and is prime with the number of teeth of the
Plus particulièrement, comme dans l'exemple des
Plus particulièrement, comme dans l'exemple de la
Dans une variante où le mobile afficheur 7 est la roue d'échappement 4, et où l'échappement est un échappement à ancre Suisse, c'est-à-dire que la roue bouge par pas d'une demi dent, le nombre N de motifs 8 est avantageusement compris entre (2*z-4) et (2*z+4), z étant le nombre de dents de la roue. Plus particulièrement, le nombre N de motifs 8 est compris entre (2*z-1) et (2*z+1).In a variant where the
Dans une variante où le mobile afficheur 7 est la roue d'échappement 4, et où l'échappement est un échappement à détente, c'est-à-dire que la roue bouge par pas d'une dent entière, le nombre N de motifs 8 est avantageusement compris entre (z-4) et (z+4), z étant le nombre de dents de la roue. Plus particulièrement, le nombre N de motifs 8 est compris entre (z-1) et (z+1).In a variant where the
Avantageusement, la pièce d'horlogerie 1 comporte des moyens optiques 13 de déport et/ou d'agrandissement d'un motif 8, et/ou des moyens de projection 14 d'un faisceau lumineux naturel ou artificiel sur le motif 8, et/ou des moyens de réflexion 15 du motif 8.Advantageously, the timepiece 1 comprises optical means 13 for offset and / or enlargement of a
Les moyens optiques 13 de déport et/ou d'agrandissement du motif 8 peuvent comporter au moins une loupe. Plus particulièrement, cette loupe est sur la glace, le fond transparent éventuel, et/ou sur le cadran de la pièce d'horlogerie 1.The optical means 13 for offset and / or enlargement of the
Les moyens de projection 14 d'un faisceau lumineux naturel ou artificiel sur le motif 8 comportent plus particulièrement une optique de projection de l'animation illuminée par les rayons du soleil, une source laser ou une autre source de lumière artificielle.The means 14 for projecting a natural or artificial light beam onto the
Les moyens de réflexion 15 du motif 8 comportent plus particulièrement une optique de réflexion de l'animation illuminée par les rayons du soleil, une source laser ou une autre source de lumière artificielle.The reflection means 15 of the
Plus particulièrement, les motifs 8 sont des motifs diffractifs qui forment une image sur une surface distante de la pièce d'horlogerie 1, par exemple par diffraction d'un faisceau laser.More particularly, the
Une variante optique particulièrement avantageuse consiste en l'utilisation de « FOP » ou « fibre optique plastique », qui concerne le regroupement de fibres optiques en une botte ou un ruban. Cette technologie permet l'agrandissement des images, avec des fibres effilées, dont le diamètre est petit à côté de l'image à agrandir, ici la zone concernée du mobile afficheur, et dont le diamètre est plus grand à la sortie de la botte, au niveau de l'observateur. L'avantage de ces bottes de fibres optiques est, d'abord leur faible encombrement, avec un diamètre de coeur classiquement de 120 micromètres à 1 millimètre, et un diamètre de gaine de protection également réduit, par exemple 230 micromètres pour un coeur de 120 micromètres, et, ensuite, le très faible rayon de courbure autorisé, par exemple 4 millimètres pour un coeur de diamètre de 175 micromètres. Ceci autorise un déport facile de l'image en toute zone disponible d'une montre, que ce soit sur le cadran, dans la carrure (de façon frontale ou sur un chant), ou autre. Ainsi, les moyens optiques 13 de déport et/ou d'agrandissement du motif 8 peuvent comporter au moins un tel faisceau de fibres optiques en botte.A particularly advantageous optical variant consists in the use of “FOP” or “plastic optical fiber”, which relates to the grouping of optical fibers into a boot or a ribbon. This technology allows the enlargement of the images, with tapered fibers, the diameter of which is small next to the image to be enlarged, here the zone concerned of the mobile display, and the diameter of which is greater at the outlet of the boot, at the observer level. The advantage of these bundles of optical fibers is, first of all their small size, with a core diameter conventionally from 120 micrometers to 1 millimeter, and a protective sheath diameter also reduced, for example 230 micrometers for a core of 120 micrometers, and then the very small authorized radius of curvature, for example 4 millimeters for a core with a diameter of 175 micrometers. This allows an easy transfer of the image to any available area of a watch, whether on the dial, in the middle (frontal or on a song), or other. Thus, the optical means 13 for offset and / or enlargement of the
Les seules limitations au choix des motifs 8 sont liées à leur petite dimension, et à leur nécessaire lisibilité. L'animation peut ainsi concerner, de façon traditionnelle en horlogerie, la représentation d'au moins un animal, ou partie d'animal, en mouvement, ou d'êtres humains dans des activités sportives, de course, de danse, de patinage, ou encore dans d'autres activités dans la tradition des montres libertines du dix-huitième siècle. Tout sujet peut être traité, en particulier les personnages de dessins animés ou de contes, ou autres, mondialement connus.The only limitations to the choice of
La
La
L'invention s'applique bien pour une large plage de fréquences du résonateur, typiquement entre f= 3 Hz et f= 30 Hz.The invention applies well for a wide frequency range of the resonator, typically between f = 3 Hz and f = 30 Hz.
L'invention se prête bien à l'utilisation d'une plaque découpée comme mobile afficheur 7. Autrement dit, les parties fonctionnelles (dents, moyeu, bras, et serge) et les motifs 8 sont dans la même plaque.The invention lends itself well to the use of a cut plate as a
Plus particulièrement, le mobile afficheur 7 est fabriqué par procédé « LIGA ».More particularly, the
Plus particulièrement, le mobile afficheur 7 est fabriqué par procédé « DRIE ».More particularly, the
Plus particulièrement, les motifs 8 sont gravés sur la surface du mobile afficheur 7.More particularly, the
Plus particulièrement, les motifs sont imprimés et/ou sérigraphiés sur la surface du mobile afficheur 7.More particularly, the patterns are printed and / or screen printed on the surface of the
Plus particulièrement, le mobile afficheur 7 comporte au moins un anneau qui relie l'ensemble des motifs aux bras de la roue, tel que visible sur la
Plus particulièrement, le mobile afficheur 7 comporte N bras radiaux 16 qui relient les N motifs 8 au moyeu du mobile afficheur 7.More particularly, the
Plus particulièrement, comme sur la
L'invention se prête, encore, à une animation optique plus complexe, par l'utilisation de plusieurs mobiles afficheurs 7 voisins dont chacun porte des motifs différents qui se complètent en combinaison en affichant des mouvements complémentaires, certains mobiles effectuant une rotation continue saccadée, d'autres pouvant effectuer un mouvement alternatif saccadé.The invention lends itself, again, to a more complex optical animation, by the use of several
En somme, l'invention, en utilisant le fonctionnement du mécanisme d'échappement, sans en altérer le rendement, permet de bénéficier d'une animation visuelle gratuite, sans aucune complexification du mouvement d'horlogerie. Il suffit, en particulier, de décorer ou modifier la roue d'échappement ou tout mobile présentant une période angulaire suffisante, comme une ancre ou une roue inter-échappement, ou un volant d'inertie en prise avec la roue d'échappement, ou tout mobile similaire.In short, the invention, by using the functioning of the escapement mechanism, without altering its efficiency, allows free visual animation to be enjoyed, without any complexity of the watch movement. It suffices, in particular, to decorate or modify the escape wheel or any mobile having a sufficient angular period, such as an anchor or an inter-escapement wheel, or a flywheel in engagement with the escape wheel, or any similar mobile.
Claims (14)
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EP18207099.5A EP3654110B1 (en) | 2018-11-19 | 2018-11-19 | Mechanical clock piece with animated display |
US16/659,749 US12038724B2 (en) | 2018-11-19 | 2019-10-22 | Mechanical timepiece with an animated display |
JP2019200499A JP6818113B2 (en) | 2018-11-19 | 2019-11-05 | Mechanical timekeeper with animation display |
CN201911132363.XA CN111198490B (en) | 2018-11-19 | 2019-11-19 | Mechanical timepiece with animated display |
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EP2527930A1 (en) * | 2011-05-24 | 2012-11-28 | Richemont International S.A. | Timepiece comprising a mechanism for displaying an animation |
WO2013162423A2 (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-10-31 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Константин Чайкин" | Method and device for producing an animation in watches |
WO2013187798A1 (en) | 2012-06-15 | 2013-12-19 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Константин Чайкин" | Method and device for reproducing animations in timepieces with a shutter |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP6818113B2 (en) | 2021-01-20 |
EP3654110B1 (en) | 2021-07-28 |
US20200159170A1 (en) | 2020-05-21 |
US12038724B2 (en) | 2024-07-16 |
JP2020085898A (en) | 2020-06-04 |
CN111198490B (en) | 2021-08-27 |
CN111198490A (en) | 2020-05-26 |
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