JPS61239190A - Animation display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a display device which has a free visual angle and also can be made small in size easily with a simple structure, by moving intermittently at a high speed display body on which an animation element has been drawn, so that an animation effect is obtained. CONSTITUTION:A display body 3 is driven by a mechanism containing a step- motor, and an animation element on the display body 3 passes through on some locus in order. At that time, whenever one of element pictures 4 nearly reaches a position which has been occupied by the previous element picture 4 by one in order, a stop of a short time is executed. Also, in the process for replacing the position of the element picture 4, the movement of high speed is executed. By driving the display body 3 intermittently in this way, an afterimage effect of a stop time of the element picture 4 in an observer is strengthened, an afterimage effect of the time when replacing the position of the element picture is weakened, and a sufficiently good animation effect is obtained as an effect.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a small-sized electronic device that displays a simple animation and exhibits a visually playful effect.

[Conventional technology]

There are devices known as the original form of film for a long time, such as the zenakistoscope and the pracudinoscope. This involves drawing several to ten-odd video element pictures (frame pictures that break down the movements of people, animals, and objects arranged in the order of their movements) along the circumference of a disk or cylinder. If the mechanism is such that a disk with slits whose number is equal to the number of elemental images passes in front of the observer's eyes in synchronization with the rotation, the slits act as shutters and each elemental image is held at a nearly constant position. Each time it appears, it is visible for a short time, and these afterimages create a continuous animation effect.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

Although the above-mentioned conventional devices can easily produce animation effects compared to movie or computer graphics devices, they still draw elemental surfaces at equal intervals on the inner surface of a cylinder, and also draw the same number of slits as the elemental surfaces on the inner surface of a cylinder. This is because a cylinder is rotated around its axis, and element surfaces and slits are provided at equal intervals on a flat disk, and the disk is rotated toward a mirror and viewed from the back side. However, since the device was inevitably large, it was not possible to carry it around in a pocket and enjoy it at any time. It is an object of the present invention to overcome this drawback and provide a mechanical animation display device with extremely improved portability.

[Means for solving problems]

Generally, a rotating body can be moved discontinuously using a step motor (pulse motor), and some step motors themselves are quite small.

Particularly in the field of analog display type electronic wristwatches and table clocks, pointer drive using a step motor (pulse motor) has become common, and by switching the drive signal waveform, the wheel train can freely rotate forward or reverse at high or low speeds. It has become possible to do so (・ru).

Techniques such as the structure, drive principle, and drive waveform of such a step motor are disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 52-80063. To briefly summarize the present invention, the present invention is achieved by providing a means for intermittently moving a display body depicting a moving image element at high speed using a step motor so as to obtain an animation effect.

[Effect]

The display body is driven by a mechanism including a step motor, and the moving image elements on the display body sequentially pass on a certain trajectory (of course, each element surface changes little by little). for a short period of time (for example, 1150) each time the
Seconds to 2 seconds. 1/30~115 from normal anime effects
A pause of about 115 seconds is preferable, and a pause of about 115 to 1 second is preferable to obtain a motion decomposition effect like a slow video. □ The time interval between each step movement in between is sufficiently shorter than the above-mentioned stop time, for example, less than half the total time (preferably 1/2 second or more of the total time, the smaller the better), □ , the afterimage effect during the stop time of the element plane is strengthened, and the afterimage effect when the position of the element plane changes (transition process) is weakened, and a sufficiently good animation □ effect is obtained.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a front view showing the display side of a wristwatch according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and numeral 1 indicates a timepiece body consisting of a movement and a case housing the movement. 2 is the display surface, with the dial surface as the background, and in the foreground is a disc-shaped display 3 that depicts the moving image element surface 4, and immediately behind it - the minute hand 6 and the hour hand 7.
There is. Display: The body 3 also serves as a second hand, and during normal hand movement, a second mark 5 drawn at one location indicates the second.

In this example video, the time from when a person bends sideways and jumps vertically while flailing his arms □ until he returns to his original position is 12 seconds.
It is divided into 4 element planes (frame pictures), which are drawn radially at equal intervals of 30 degrees.

Although the internal mechanism is not shown, the rotor is mainly made of an anisotropic permanent magnet material containing rare earth elements that has a high bipolar energy product (approximately 30 megagauss oersted) and is commonly used in wristwatches. , surrounding the rotor in an almost semicircular shape 2
It consists of two stators (which may be integrated by connecting them at the abutting points at their tips) and a coil wound in a cylindrical shape around a magnetic core that connects both outer ends of the stators. The output shaft (rotor kana) of a type of step motor that is unfolded horizontally (therefore, it is laid out in a plane parallel to the dial or anime display) and the axis of the display that doubles as the second hand. means reduction ratio 300
They are connected by a gear train, which is no different from a normal clock mechanism that moves the second hand in 1-second steps.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the circuit system of this embodiment.

21 is an oscillation circuit for a watch, which outputs, for example, 32768 Hz. 22 is a binary frequency dividing circuit, which outputs a final output 23 of I Hz and intermediate outputs 24 and 6 of 128 flz.
An intermediate output 25 of 4 Hz is used as an output signal.

Reference numeral 26 denotes a start switch for performing the animation operation, which is linked to the operation of the crown or push button. In this embodiment, when this switch is operated, 1
The display 6, which rotates by 6 degrees once per second, has a frequency of 128 Hz.
Start high speed rotation. However, after sending 5 pulses or 30 degrees, or one element image, the same 5 pulses or 5/128
Open and stop for 0.04 seconds, then repeat this. At 128, the signal is counted 960 times, and the number of steps of the step motor is 480, that is, the 12-pixel display body rotates 8 times while performing the above-mentioned intermittent movement in which each element picture stops for a short time at a predetermined position, and the animation display of forward rotation ends. Then, intermittent reverse motion is performed in exactly the same manner using a 64 Hz reverse drive pulse. The observer sees the reverse action in twice the slow motion. The reason why the rotational speed is reduced during reversal is not because it is desirable for visual effects, but because the rotor is difficult to respond to reversal pulses at high speed.

When this reversal operation is completed, the series of animation displays ends, the display body 4 returns to the normal step every second, and the display body 3 recovers the second hand function. The total number of reverse rotation steps is less than the total number of forward rotation fast forward steps by the number of seconds required for the series of operations, so that when the display 3 recovers the second hand function, there will be no deviation in the second time indicated by the second mark 5. It is better to
In this example, the subtraction is 46 steps. What's more, when I calculated the time required for forward rotation and reverse rotation, I found that 1 element image
The time required to feed an individual piece is 10/128 seconds in forward rotation and 10/64 seconds in reverse rotation, so the time required for one round trip is, on the other hand, the number of forward steps subtracted by this round trip is 5 x 9
6-(5x91+4)=21=S, but if normal hand movement has continued from time i=Q, then t=
The number of steps per second at 70 is INT(To)=S
Therefore, the position of the returned needle is correct. The next step operation is performed 0.21875 seconds after the end of the fast return, and the original time of the step is displayed every second thereafter.

Now, let's return to the circuit explanation.

When the switch 26 is operated, the pulsing circuit 27 removes chattering and sends out a single pulse signal with a length of 1 second or more, and the AND circuit 28 synchronizes with the 1 and 2 signals 23, and until then the reset state → O About Q041
change to Therefore, the I Hz signal 23 that had been output to the output line 31 of the AND circuit 30 is blocked. AND circuit 3 whose gate is opened by F instead
2, the 12811z signal 24 is output to the output line 63, and 1
, is input to the normal rotation signal generation circuit 36 via the AND circuit 34 and the OR circuit 35, is converted into a normal rotation drive waveform of the step motor, and is supplied to the step motor drive circuit 37, so that it is driven at intervals of 1 second until then. When the switch 26 is operated, the pulse motor that was previously running will be switched to high speed operation of 128FIz. Now, the signal 128 outputted to the line 63 passes through the OR circuit 68 and appears on the line 39 as a counting input signal in base 960, causing the counter 40 to start counting. Take the number from the middle row of counter 40, and repeat this from now on. Signal 37 is AND gate 34
Since it is connected to the NOT terminal of Intermittent movement will occur. Now, when the counter 40 counts 960 input signals 39, an output is generated on the signal line 42, and the toggle type FF 43 is inverted.
and change l→0. Therefore, the gate of the AND circuit 62 is closed and there is no input to the normal rotation signal generation circuit 36, and the AND circuit 46 is opened instead to generate the 64Hz signal 25.
appears on the output line 47, is input to the reverse rotation signal generation circuit 49 via the AND circuit 48, is converted into a reverse drive signal waveform for each input signal, is output to the output line 50, and is input to the step motor drive circuit 37. and reverse the step motor. The 64 Hz signal 25 now appears on line 39 as an input signal to counter 40 and is counted. Since the 10 force count signal 41 is also applied to the NOT terminal of the AND circuit 48, the reverse operation is also an intermittent operation every 5 steps as described above. When counter 40 reaches 914 counts)K, detection circuit 51 detects this condition and produces an output on line 52.

This output is ANDed with the ζ output 45 (currently Lebel) of flip-flop 43 by AND circuit 53, and the resulting output 54 is applied to the R terminals of counter 40 and flip-flops 43 and 29 to separate them. Reset. These circuits are thus all connected to switch 2
6 is returned to the state before operating flip-flop 2.
The □ ζ output of 9 returns to the θ level, the ζ output returns to the level, and the AND circuits 32 and 46 close, 30 opens again, and only the 1 second signal 26 begins to drive the step motor. As mentioned above, the second display in the state where the drive resumes every second is the normal one. Note that the detection circuit 51 naturally operated during the normal fast forwarding process by 12811z, but at this stage the flip-flop 43 has not yet been inverted, so the AND circuit 53 is closed, and the reset output does not appear on the line 54, so the counter 42 continues counting until it reaches a full count.

Although the first embodiment has been described above, various other possible embodiments, including variations thereof, will be mentioned below, and their characteristic points will be described. Of course, these may be combined.

(1) The drive circuit may also be provided independently for the sole purpose of displaying animation without having the display body serve as an object that performs other functions such as the hands of a watch. This can be used as a toy or some kind of visual functional test device.

(2) A smaller display body has less inertia and is suitable for being driven at high speed by a small electric motor. For example, a small disc with an animation may be placed at the position of the small second hand of a wristwatch.

(3) Instead of always viewing the entire surface of the display, place it behind an obstructing object such as a clock dial, for example: If only one of the video elements is visible, it may be difficult to see the fast-forwarding process or other pixels. The animation effect becomes even more noticeable.

(4) Practice 1 to facilitate step driving of display body
Performance rate. Reduction measures and -C, A: 71-. ．． 7. It is effective to remove material to the extent that it does not impair the effect or the strength of the display. For example, in the case of a disc, parts that are not relevant to the video may be cut out to create a leaf-like shape, or a number of depressions may be created on the back of the display surface. 8゜' (5) Elements of the video The term "side" does not necessarily mean only a drawn or printed picture, but a substantial uneven shape, a relief, a cutout shape of a board, a picture shape expressed by an outline, etc. may be used. If the cutout shape remains as is, and if the actual shape is made of a material such as plastic with low specific gravity, it will have the effect of reducing the inertia rate.

(6) The display object is not limited to a rotating object (which may also include a spherical object, a cone, a polygonal pyramid, and other solid objects that rotate around an axis); for example, it can be a flexible band that is connected longitudinally on the element side. Alternatively, a sprocket that engages with the perforation may be operated intermittently using a step motor. Using this method, even a projector using long movie film can be realized if the step motor is powerful. This method is characterized by less noise than the so-called scraping method of film feeding.

(7) As long as the step motor's drive signal is properly programmed, the mode of intermittent feeding can be freely controlled. (
(The number of steps or speed of fast forwarding, the period of intermittent stopping, etc. can be freely set.) Therefore, the element side can be drawn at unequal intervals, and the element side can be configured to be fast forwarded by driving an unequal number of pulses. This means, for example, that when the size of the element side changes sequentially, it is possible to arrange the element side closely on a display of a constant size so that unnecessary gaps are not visible, and This has the effect of improving the average size and number of pixels.

(8) The number of fast-forward steps and the stop time may be controlled by a microcomputer controlled by a program, rather than by a hardware circuit configuration. The control required in the case described in the previous section can also be more easily realized.

(9) It goes without saying that the fast-forwarding speed, stopping time, etc. are not the same as in the first embodiment, and the alternating time of elemental pictures is, for example, 1 second or less, and the stopping time is 2 seconds or less.

QO) A plurality of display bodies may be provided close to each other, and a combination of those element images that are close to each other may constitute one moving image element. (For example, display A represents the movement of the upper body of a person, display B represents the movement of the lower body, etc.) Then, if you repeatedly apply different synchronized movements to the element images of each display,
Even if the number of pixels of each display body is small, the number of combined pixels is large, and a long animation display can be realized.

αυ When applied as a built-in function of a clock, K instead of reversing the time to the original time after enjoying the animation effect.

Fast forwarding in one direction may be performed for one cycle of the pointer display, for example, 12 hours. This has the effect of simplifying the circuit when the minute hand and display body are used together in a two-hand watch.

02 In watches, it has become common practice to save power by narrowing the drive pulse width to the limit that can be driven during normal hand movement, but this restriction is lifted when the display is fast-forwarding, and the drive pulse width is sufficient for high-speed movement. A configuration that supplies current is preferable.

Any motor known by a name such as a step motor (pulse motor) can be used.

〔effect〕

With the above configuration, the device has a simple structure, does not require any special configuration for visual recognition, has a free viewing direction, and can be easily miniaturized.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of its circuit system. 3...Display body, 4...Element picture, 37...Step motor drive circuit. Figure 1

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A display body provided with a plurality of elemental pictures of a moving image, and each time the elemental picture reaches the position occupied by the previous elemental picture, it stops for a short time, and the position is changed. An animation display device characterized in that it is provided with an intermittent driving means for the display body using a step motor so as to perform high-speed movement during the process. (2) The display body has a substantially flat plate shape, and a coil, a stator, and a rotor constituting a step motor are developed in a plane substantially parallel to the flat plate. Animation display device. (3) The animation display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the device is a clock. (4) The animation display device according to claim 3, wherein the display body also serves as a pointer for displaying time.