EP3636323A1 - Dispositif de blocage pour un battant coupe-feu, système de dispositifs de blocage et procédé de blocage d'un dispositif d'entraînement - Google Patents

Dispositif de blocage pour un battant coupe-feu, système de dispositifs de blocage et procédé de blocage d'un dispositif d'entraînement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3636323A1
EP3636323A1 EP18199892.3A EP18199892A EP3636323A1 EP 3636323 A1 EP3636323 A1 EP 3636323A1 EP 18199892 A EP18199892 A EP 18199892A EP 3636323 A1 EP3636323 A1 EP 3636323A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wrap spring
blocking device
blocking
holding
holding device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18199892.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Beat Kälin
Andreas Pally
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
Siemens Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Schweiz AG filed Critical Siemens Schweiz AG
Priority to EP18199892.3A priority Critical patent/EP3636323A1/fr
Priority to US17/284,459 priority patent/US11957943B2/en
Priority to PCT/EP2019/074831 priority patent/WO2020074220A1/fr
Priority to EP19778871.4A priority patent/EP3863734B1/fr
Publication of EP3636323A1 publication Critical patent/EP3636323A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/24—Operating or controlling mechanisms
    • A62C2/241—Operating or controlling mechanisms having mechanical actuators and heat sensitive parts
    • A62C2/242—Operating or controlling mechanisms having mechanical actuators and heat sensitive parts with fusible links
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/12—Hinged dampers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a blocking device, in particular for a fire damper. Furthermore, the invention relates to a blocking device system which contains the blocking device and an associated method.
  • wrap springs have generally been used as one-way clutches.
  • all fire protection regulations should be able to be met and the blocking device should in particular also block when a drive device actuating the drive element is no longer functional or no longer available, for example because it has melted in the event of a fire.
  • an associated blocking device system and an associated method are to be specified.
  • this fastening device can hold both ends of the wrap spring in the prestressed state with respect to the holding device.
  • this fastening device can hold one end of the wrap spring in the pretensioned state with respect to the holding device, the other end of the wrap spring being fixed to the holding device.
  • the at least one fastening device can also be referred to as a thermocouple and is produced from a material that has a lower or lower melting temperature than the material with the lowest or lowest melting temperature in the holding device and / or as the melting temperature of the material of the wrap spring.
  • the freewheel principle with wrap spring is thus combined with a thermal activation of the freewheel function or the function of blocking in the blocking direction.
  • a trigger mechanism for the blocking function of the freewheel can be activated in a simple manner solely on the basis of the material parameters.
  • the at least one fastening device or the thermocouple can be made from a plastic material or from a solder with a melting temperature lower than 400 degrees Celsius.
  • the holding device can preferably be made from steel and / or from at least one sintered material. This makes it easy to ensure the difference in melting temperatures. Steel and sintered materials typically have melting temperatures greater than 1000 degrees Celsius.
  • the wrap spring can also preferably be made of steel.
  • the receiving element can also be made from a sintered material. This ensures that, in the event of a fire, the fastening device melts, which activates the locking function and the free-running function of the wrap spring, but the other load-bearing components of the blocking device can continue to perform their function unchanged.
  • the difference in melting temperatures can be at least 200 degrees Celsius, at least 500 degrees Celsius or at least 1000 degrees Celsius. This ensures that the blocking function is triggered safely in the event of a fire.
  • the functional principle can also be used for other applications, e.g. as overload protection when a machine overheats.
  • the holding device can contain at least two plates spaced from one another, each having through openings in the region of the axis of rotation.
  • the holding device can contain at least one spacer element, preferably several cylindrical spacer elements, by means of which the plates are arranged at a distance from one another which is determined by the at least one spacer element. It is thus possible to use a housing which is open on the side and which is easier to manufacture than a closed housing, in particular in a material-saving manner. There is also a reduced construction weight.
  • Fastening holes are preferably provided in both plates, in particular in otherwise identical plates, or at least in one of the plates, with which the blocking device can be mounted, in particular on a ventilation system, ventilation or ventilation, for example through holes for screws.
  • One of the plates can contain a circular through opening, in which the receiving element is mounted, preferably with a sliding bearing.
  • the plain bearing is easy and inexpensive to implement.
  • the receiving element can go through completely and can also be supported with its other end in the other plate, again in particular by a plain bearing.
  • the holding element explained below would therefore not be necessary.
  • This alternative can be used if only one end of the wrap spring is pretensioned in a thermocouple and the other end is fixed, for example, on the holding device.
  • the blocking device can contain a holding element, which is preferably hollow-cylindrical or essentially hollow-cylindrical and which is preferably fixedly mounted at one end in an opening of the other plate, in particular not rotatable.
  • the holding element can be surrounded by at least one turn of the wrap spring.
  • the holding element can be dimensioned such that part of the relaxed wrap spring securely wraps around the holding element due to the reduction in its inner diameter, so that the other part on the receiving element can fulfill the freewheeling effect with the blocking function.
  • This variant can also be used are when both ends of the wrap spring are biased in the thermocouple or in the fastener and are exposed after the melting of the thermocouple.
  • the holding element can be formed at its other end as a counter bearing for the rotatable receiving of the receiving element, in particular as a plain bearing.
  • a recessed or concave edge or so-called undercut can be formed on a projection. Projections created by the undercuts can overlap as seen in the radial direction, so that there is a secure positive fit, which ensures a good hold in the radial direction and in the axial direction.
  • a recessed or concave edge or undercut can be formed on a respective projection in the circumferential direction. This ensures a secure hold and good storage as a plain bearing or as a fixed bearing.
  • the positive connection offers a good hold in the radial direction and in the axial direction.
  • the receiving element When viewed in the direction of the axis of rotation, the receiving element can have the same length as the length of the holding device. Alternatively, these lengths can differ by a maximum of 30 percent based on the sum of both lengths.
  • the result is a holding element with a sufficiently large holding surface for the relaxed wrap spring with a sufficiently large receiving element for a drive shaft. On the receiving element, too, the contact surface for the relaxed wrap spring is large enough to perform the free-wheeling function and the locking function.
  • the receiving element can have a smaller outside diameter compared to the outside diameter of the holding device, preferably an outside diameter which is smaller in the range from 0.1 millimeter to 0.5 millimeter. This makes possible on the one hand a secure hold of the relaxed wrap spring on the holding element and on the other hand a not too firm hold on the receiving element for the drive shaft.
  • the receiving element can have an opening with a square cross section, a triangular cross section or a cross section with more than four corners transverse to the axis of rotation.
  • a drive shaft with a suitable counter shape can thus engage in the receiving element in a rotationally secure manner.
  • Round cross-sections and round drive shafts can also be used, however, if other measures ensure that they cannot rotate.
  • the wrap spring can contain at least 5 or at least 10 turns, preferably less than 25 turns. The result is simple manufacture with a safe freewheel and locking function.
  • the ends of the wrap spring can be biased to each other in the range of 5 degrees to 45 degrees. For the movement of the ends when the wrap spring is released, only a small installation space is therefore required.
  • the wrap spring can have a square cross section, a rectangular cross section or a circular cross section and is thus of simple construction.
  • the wrap spring can be a helical spring with closely spaced turns be what enables a compact design. Alternatively, spaces can be arranged between adjacent turns.
  • At least one fastening device or both fastening devices can be held between the plates, which results in an easy fastening possibility.
  • At least one fastener may have an elongated shape compared to its largest lateral dimension, i.e. it preferably has a length that is at least three times or at least five times longer than the largest lateral dimension of the fastening device or the thermocouple.
  • a rectilinear groove can be provided in the fastening device and can be provided for receiving one end or both ends of the wrap spring.
  • the fastening device can also be claimed on its own because it can also be supplied as an individual part.
  • a blocking device system in which the blocking device according to the first aspect or its developments is arranged on a drive element of at least one fire damper.
  • the fire damper can work as a fire damper, which should be kept closed as far as possible and must never be opened again.
  • the fire damper is an additional element to a ventilation flap in the same ventilation duct, the ventilation flap being used to control or regulate an air flow.
  • the fire damper on the other hand, is only activated in the event of a fire or for inspection purposes.
  • the fire damper can operate in normal operation as a ventilation flap that controls or regulates an air flow for a ventilation or exhaust.
  • a drive device can be arranged on the drive element, which has a housing made of a material that has a melting temperature lower than 800 degrees Celsius or lower than 600 degrees Celsius, in particular containing aluminum or consisting of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. Even if that
  • the drive device closes the fire damper, for example, within 15 seconds of the power failure.
  • a return spring of the drive device can then still offer a holding torque. If the drive device no longer develops a holding torque that holds the fire damper shut, for example because of destruction by a fire, then the blocking device provides safe locking, as has been explained in detail above. This prevents smoke from spreading in the building ventilation system and does not endanger the lives of people in rooms that are away from the fire.
  • the drive shaft can be mechanically operatively connected to at least one fire damper.
  • the fire damper is an additional element to a ventilation flap in the same ventilation duct, the ventilation flap being used to control or regulate an air flow.
  • the fire damper on the other hand, is only activated in the event of a fire or for inspection purposes.
  • the fire damper can operate in normal operation as a ventilation flap that controls or regulates an air flow for a ventilation or exhaust.
  • the fire damper is locked securely in a simple manner by the functional principle used, ie thermal activation of a wrap spring freewheel with blockage in the opposite direction. It is still possible to close the flap completely, but counteracting the opening of the flap is counteracted.
  • a clutch with a temperature-dependent unidirectional locking function for fire damper is described.
  • the flap is closed by a drive within 15 seconds in the event of a fire.
  • the drive usually burns in the following 2 minutes to 60 minutes, for example. All parts that are not made of steel melt and fall off the folding shaft. Without a drive on the flap shaft, there is no holding torque on the flap and the flap could open unintentionally. The unwanted opening of a flap in the event of a fire must be prevented.
  • a metal spring wedge could be pivoted onto the metal segment by means of a “fuse”.
  • the wedge geometry would then have to be designed so that the segment can still close at any time, but can no longer open.
  • the solution shown can also be carried out separately from the actuator.
  • the proposed coupling with temperature-dependent unidirectional locking function is pushed on the steamer shaft and fixed to the damper housing.
  • the clutch allows bidirectional movement in normal operation by the actuator. In the event of a fire, the plastic of the "thermal fuse" of the coupling melts away. At this moment the wrap spring closes and the clutch can only be turned in one direction. The wrap spring blocks the rotary movement in the opposite direction.
  • the coupling with unidirectional locking function is shown.
  • the coupling is already mounted and fixed on the damper.
  • the actuator is mounted on the damper and also on the clutch.
  • the architecture or the materials of the actuator used are free from the "locking function" or the locking function.
  • the flap remains locked. This can save manufacturing costs for the actuator.
  • the new coupling with temperature-dependent unidirectional locking function can be purchased by the customer as an additional module. If the function is required, he buys it. Otherwise, it saves the expenses for an unnecessary function.
  • a fire damper 114 can be arranged in the ventilation duct 110, for example if a longitudinal section through the ventilation duct is shown, see arrow 116, which indicates air movement in this case.
  • the fire damper 114 can For example, have a square or circular shape, the cross section of the ventilation duct 110 is adapted accordingly.
  • ventilation flaps (not shown) can be arranged in the ventilation duct 110, which serve to control or regulate an air flow during normal operation of the ventilation system, ie when there is no fire in a building, in an underground car park or in another building technology Infrastructure is in place.
  • fire dampers 114, 120 can also be arranged in the ventilation duct 110, for example if in Figure 1 the ventilation duct 110 is shown in a cross section, in this case see arrow 122, which indicates an air flow which is directed towards the viewer. The same applies accordingly to ventilation duct 110.
  • the actuator device 100 may include a single-stage or multi-stage transmission 120 that is driven by the motor, see arrow 122.
  • the transmission output of the transmission is connected to the drive shaft 112, see arrow 124.
  • thermocouple or the fastening element 140 receives the ends 132, 134 of the wrap spring 130, the wrap spring 130 being pretensioned, which increases its inner diameter somewhat in comparison to the relaxed state, so that in normal operation an essentially unimpeded rotation of the drive shaft in both drive directions or Rotation directions 160 and 170 can take place. So there is in normal operation no blockage 180 in the opposite direction or in the direction of rotation 170.
  • thermocouple 140 With regard to the functional principle of the blocking device 10 in the event of a fire, reference is made to the introduction, in particular to the melting of the thermocouple 140 or the thermocouples 140, 142.
  • the installation direction can be selected according to the requirements.
  • a receiving element 230 can be seen, which receives the drive shaft 112 or another drive shaft.
  • the receiving element 230 is shown below with reference to FIG Figure 3 explained in more detail.
  • a holding element 240 can be seen, which is firmly connected to the lower housing plate 202 and on which the receiving element 230 and, in the relaxed state of the wrap spring 130b, also the wrap spring 130b is held or supported.
  • the holding element 240 is also shown below in FIG Figure 3 explained in more detail.
  • the Figure 2 further shows a through opening 250 through which the drive shaft 112 can extend through the entire blocking device 10b.
  • a distance AS lies between the housing plates 200 and 202 and is set by the spacer elements 208.
  • the Figure 3 shows a cross section through in the Figure 2 Blocking device shown along the section plane 3-3 according to Figure 2 .
  • thermocouple 140b A longitudinal groove 300 in the thermocouple 140b can be clearly seen.
  • the two ends 132 and 134 are supported in the longitudinal groove 300, the wrap spring 130b being pretensioned.
  • only one end 132 or 134 can be stored in the thermocouple 140b.
  • the other end is then, for example, in the other direction compared to that in the Figure 3 Curvature direction shown curved and fixed on the lower housing plate 202 in the case of the end 132 or on the upper housing plate in the case of the end 134, for example.
  • two thermocouples 140b can be used next to one another lying thermocouples are provided, each receiving one end 132 or 134 of the wrap spring 130b.
  • the receiving element 230 is essentially cylindrical with an opening 320, which in the example can receive a square drive shaft 112 or 112b, in particular with a square cross section.
  • the receiving element 230 has a circumferential concave edge or undercut K1 at its upper edge and a circumferential concave edge or undercut K2 at its lower edge or end.
  • An inside projection is formed by the edge K1 and is mounted with a sliding fit in the through opening 201 of the upper housing plate 200.
  • the holding element 240 is hollow-cylindrical or essentially hollow-cylindrical in shape with an inner diameter that corresponds to the inner diameter on the receiving element 230.
  • the holding element 240 has an upper circumferential concave edge or undercut K3 at its upper edge and a circumferential concave edge or undercut K4 at its lower edge or end.
  • An inside projection is formed by the edge K4, which is fixed, for example with a press fit or even welded, in the opening 203 of the lower housing plate 202.
  • An inside projection is formed by the edge K2, which is mounted with a sliding fit on the holding element 240 and overlaps with an outside projection on the holding element 240 in the radial direction R, the projection being formed by the edge K3.
  • thermocouple 140b is received in the lower housing plate 202 in a lower receiving opening 302 and in the upper housing plate 200 in a receiving opening 304.
  • the ones mentioned in the introduction apply Dimensioning specifications, ie the outer diameter D1 of the receiving element 230 can be selected to be somewhat smaller than the outer diameter D3 of the holding element 240.
  • a winding W of the wrap spring 130b is in the Figure 3 designated.
  • the wrap spring 130b has approximately 12 windings W.
  • a length L1 of the receiving element 230 is, for example, approximately or exactly the same as a length L2 of the holding element 240. The sum of the lengths L1 and L2 corresponds approximately to that in Figure 2 shown distance AS.
  • the Figure 4 shows the blocking device 10b or clutch mounted on a sheet of a damper.
  • a mounting plate 400 is, for example, part of a ventilation duct 110 or part of a housing for one or more fire protection flaps 114, 120.
  • the blocking device 10b is screwed onto the mounting plate, for example with screws, which are also inserted through the holes 203.
  • the Figure 5 shows the blocking device system 1 with the actuator unit 500 mounted on the damper.
  • the actuator unit 500 contains, for example, two housing halves 502, 504, which are made, for example, of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • a connection or control line 510 supplies the actuator unit 500 with an operating voltage and / or with suitable control signals for actuating the motor M, ie for opening and closing the fire damper (s) 114, 120.
  • a fastening element 520 serves to fasten the actuator unit 500 the drive shaft 112b.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
EP18199892.3A 2018-10-11 2018-10-11 Dispositif de blocage pour un battant coupe-feu, système de dispositifs de blocage et procédé de blocage d'un dispositif d'entraînement Withdrawn EP3636323A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18199892.3A EP3636323A1 (fr) 2018-10-11 2018-10-11 Dispositif de blocage pour un battant coupe-feu, système de dispositifs de blocage et procédé de blocage d'un dispositif d'entraînement
US17/284,459 US11957943B2 (en) 2018-10-11 2019-09-17 Blocking apparatus for a fire damper, blocking apparatus system and method for blocking a drive direction
PCT/EP2019/074831 WO2020074220A1 (fr) 2018-10-11 2019-09-17 Dispositif de blocage pour un clapet coupe-feu, système de dispositif de blocage et procédé de blocage d'une direction d'entraînement
EP19778871.4A EP3863734B1 (fr) 2018-10-11 2019-09-17 Dispositif de blocage pour un battant coupe-feu, système de dispositifs de blocage et procédé de blocage d'un dispositif d'entraînement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18199892.3A EP3636323A1 (fr) 2018-10-11 2018-10-11 Dispositif de blocage pour un battant coupe-feu, système de dispositifs de blocage et procédé de blocage d'un dispositif d'entraînement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3636323A1 true EP3636323A1 (fr) 2020-04-15

Family

ID=63833928

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18199892.3A Withdrawn EP3636323A1 (fr) 2018-10-11 2018-10-11 Dispositif de blocage pour un battant coupe-feu, système de dispositifs de blocage et procédé de blocage d'un dispositif d'entraînement
EP19778871.4A Active EP3863734B1 (fr) 2018-10-11 2019-09-17 Dispositif de blocage pour un battant coupe-feu, système de dispositifs de blocage et procédé de blocage d'un dispositif d'entraînement

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19778871.4A Active EP3863734B1 (fr) 2018-10-11 2019-09-17 Dispositif de blocage pour un battant coupe-feu, système de dispositifs de blocage et procédé de blocage d'un dispositif d'entraînement

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US11957943B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP3636323A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020074220A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4334570A (en) * 1980-09-22 1982-06-15 Reed National Corp. Fire and smoke damper
EP1035307A1 (fr) * 1998-04-07 2000-09-13 Nippon Thermostat Co., Ltd. Dispositif de commande de refroidissement pour moteur a combustion interne
GB2468292A (en) * 2009-03-02 2010-09-08 Tri Air Innovations Ltd Damper with spring clutch to permit or prevent movement of the damper blade by relative position of spring legs on the spring clutch.

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3580321A (en) * 1969-04-25 1971-05-25 Ruskin Mfg Co Smoke damper
US4161204A (en) * 1977-09-14 1979-07-17 Kurz John C Motorized smoke and fire damper
US4545363A (en) * 1984-07-05 1985-10-08 Safe-Air Inc. Ventilation damper control system
US4581987A (en) * 1985-05-30 1986-04-15 Ecm Motor Co. Fire damper actuator
GB2185307B (en) * 1986-01-10 1989-11-08 Hunter Int Ltd Improvements in or relating to a damper
DE4234800A1 (de) * 1992-10-15 1994-04-21 Schako Metallwarenfabrik Luftführungskanal mit einer eingesetzten Brandschutzklappe
DE19636350A1 (de) * 1995-08-31 1997-04-17 Schoettler Lunos Lueftung Brandschutzeinrichtung
AU2003900610A0 (en) * 2003-02-11 2003-02-27 Truss Holdings Pty Ltd Fire collar
DE102005043109A1 (de) * 2005-09-10 2007-03-29 Werner Wildeboer Auslöseeinrichtung zum Auslösen zumindest eines eine Leitung eines lufttechnischen Systems verschließenden Absperrelementes
EP2870415B1 (fr) * 2012-07-09 2019-05-01 Amrish Chopra Système d'actionnement à sécurité intégrée
CH709378A1 (de) * 2014-03-12 2015-09-15 Belimo Holding Ag Blockiervorrichtung für Klappenantrieb.
EP3834892B1 (fr) * 2019-12-13 2023-11-22 Trox GmbH Clapet de protection contre l'incendie

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4334570A (en) * 1980-09-22 1982-06-15 Reed National Corp. Fire and smoke damper
EP1035307A1 (fr) * 1998-04-07 2000-09-13 Nippon Thermostat Co., Ltd. Dispositif de commande de refroidissement pour moteur a combustion interne
GB2468292A (en) * 2009-03-02 2010-09-08 Tri Air Innovations Ltd Damper with spring clutch to permit or prevent movement of the damper blade by relative position of spring legs on the spring clutch.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20210353985A1 (en) 2021-11-18
EP3863734A1 (fr) 2021-08-18
WO2020074220A1 (fr) 2020-04-16
EP3863734B1 (fr) 2022-05-25
US11957943B2 (en) 2024-04-16

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