EP3612329B1 - Method and apparatus for producing metal slab - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for producing metal slab Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3612329B1
EP3612329B1 EP18722911.7A EP18722911A EP3612329B1 EP 3612329 B1 EP3612329 B1 EP 3612329B1 EP 18722911 A EP18722911 A EP 18722911A EP 3612329 B1 EP3612329 B1 EP 3612329B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ingot
longitudinal axis
mold
cast block
rotation
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Application number
EP18722911.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3612329A1 (en
Inventor
Klaus Von Eynatten
Harald Holzgruber
Heinz Rumpler
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Inteco Melting And Casting Technologies GmbH
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Inteco Melting And Casting Technologies GmbH
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Publication of EP3612329A1 publication Critical patent/EP3612329A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/128—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for removing
    • B22D11/1281—Vertical removing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/0401—Moulds provided with a feed head
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/0405—Rotating moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
    • B22D11/041—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for vertical casting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/08—Accessories for starting the casting procedure
    • B22D11/081—Starter bars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/08—Accessories for starting the casting procedure
    • B22D11/081—Starter bars
    • B22D11/083—Starter bar head; Means for connecting or detaching starter bars and ingots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
    • B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
    • B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
    • B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/122—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ using magnetic fields
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/124—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing cast blocks from metal, in particular from steel with a cross-sectional area of more than 0.1 m 2 , according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a device for performing the method according to the invention.
  • the invention is based on the object of developing a method for producing cast blocks from metal, in particular from steel with a cross-sectional area of more than 0.1 m 2 , according to the preamble of claim 1, in such a way that the produced Cast ingots have a particularly high quality.
  • the cross section of such a cast block is as homogeneous as possible and free of segregation and with as few or small pores and voids as possible can be formed.
  • This object is achieved in a method for producing cast blocks made of metal with the features of claim 1 in that the rotation of the cast block is generated via a standing element or a trigger stamp on which the cast block stands with its facing side.
  • Such a rotation of the cast block, in which this is generated by means of a stand element or a withdrawal stamp on which the cast block stands, has the advantage that the cast block is not mechanically stressed on its outer circumference.
  • the principle according to the invention consists in an at least temporary rotation of the cast block around its longitudinal axis as long as the metal of the cast block has not yet completely solidified, the rotation already taking place during the actual casting process, ie within the area of the mold.
  • the point in time for the beginning and the end of the turning of the ingot, the type of turning and the direction of rotation depends on various factors and may need to be adapted to the particular application.
  • a first variant of the method which can be implemented in a particularly simple manner in terms of device technology, provides for the cast block to be rotated continuously in one (single) direction about the longitudinal axis.
  • the cast block is rotated in an oscillating manner about the longitudinal axis, for example by an angle of rotation of ⁇ 45 °, based on a central position.
  • An additional possibility for influencing the quality or the solidification properties of the cast block provides that the angular speed of rotation of the cast block about the longitudinal axis is varied during the movement of the cast block. For example, a uniform increase or reduction in the angular speed of rotation can be provided, or else a sudden stop and subsequent rotation at high acceleration.
  • liquid metal continuously reaches the area of the mold, with the at least partially solidified block being withdrawn by means of the pull-off die at the same time, so that liquid metal can be replenished into the mold.
  • a withdrawal movement of the casting block usually takes place continuously or at a constant withdrawal speed, at least up to the point in time at the end of casting at which the withdrawal speed is reduced, for example.
  • Another variation of the method according to the invention described so far provides that the mold (in addition to the cast block) is rotated about the longitudinal axis.
  • Such a rotation of the mold around the longitudinal axis can be done either by an additional, separate drive, or by the fact that the mold is movably arranged around its longitudinal axis, and rotation of the mold is caused by the friction with the metal of the cast block.
  • the cast block in order to achieve the highest possible quality of the cast block, after the casting process, the cast block is continues to rotate about its longitudinal axis for a certain period of time
  • the casting block should rotate about its longitudinal axis until it is ensured that the cross section of the casting block has completely solidified over its entire length.
  • An additional optimization of the quality of the cast block can be achieved if the liquid metal of the cast block is moved by means of an electromagnetic stirring coil.
  • a stirring coil can either be arranged in a stationary manner in the area of the cast block, or it can be longitudinally displaceable in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cast block around the cast block. It is also possible to provide a combination of a rigid and a movable electromagnetic stirring coil.
  • the invention further comprises a device for carrying out the method according to the invention described so far, the device having a pouring ladle and optionally an intermediate vessel for feeding liquid metal melt into a mold that is open at the bottom.
  • a height-movably arranged withdrawal punch is provided for at least indirect arrangement of the cast ingot on a standing surface facing the mold.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized by means for rotating the cast block about its longitudinal axis.
  • the means are formed by the trigger itself or a stand element on which the cast block stands, in that the trigger or the stand element is designed to be rotatable about its longitudinal axis by means of a drive.
  • mechanical loads on the circumferential surface of the cast block are avoided with means for strand rotation designed in this way.
  • the means are formed by drive means acting on the outer circumference of the cast block, in particular in the form of rotatable rollers or cylinders. Rollers or cylinders of this type are at least positively against the outer circumference of the cast block and cause the desired rotation of the cast block, in which case the pull-off punch only has to be rotatable about the longitudinal axis, but does not need its own drive.
  • the mold is arranged to be rotatable about the longitudinal axis and / or that at least one electromagnetic stirring coil is provided for the cast block.
  • this shows a greatly simplified longitudinal section of a device for producing a cast block.
  • the device 10 shown in the figure serves for the discontinuous production of a cast block 1 from metal 2, in particular from steel, with a cross-sectional area of preferably more than 0.1 m 2 and a length of, for example, up to 15 m.
  • the cross-sectional area of the cast block 1 is preferably circular, but can be rectangular or square, or have any other desired shape.
  • the device 10 comprises a pouring ladle 11, from which the liquid metal 2 flows into a downwardly open one via an optionally present distribution vessel 12 Mold 15 can be delivered. Above the mold 15, on the side facing the distribution vessel 12, a lining 16 can optionally be provided, which is surrounded radially by a heating device in the form of an induction coil 17.
  • the unit comprising the lining 16 and heating device or induction coil 17 is also referred to as a "feeder". The feeder is used to heat the liquid metal, especially at the end of casting.
  • a different shape and arrangement of a heating device can also be provided, for example in the form of heating rods, electrodes or the like arranged above the brick lining 16.
  • the chill mold 15 adjoins the feeder and can optionally be surrounded radially by an electromagnetic stirrer 19.
  • the meniscus 3 of the molten metal is located, for example, in the area of the mold 15, it being possible for the meniscus 3 to be covered by powder (not shown) for lubrication and / or for (thermal) insulation.
  • the inner cross-section of the mold 15 is adapted to or corresponds to the cross-section of the cast ingot 1 to be formed.
  • a cooling device 21 which is arranged in operative connection with the cast ingot 1, may be connected below the mold 15.
  • a further electromagnetic stirrer 22 can be provided below the mold 15, which can be arranged to be movable longitudinally in the direction of the double arrow 23 in the direction of a longitudinal axis 5 of the cast ingot 1.
  • the mold 15 is mounted rotatably about the longitudinal axis 5 of the cast block 1 and the mold 15 by means of bearing devices (not shown).
  • a possibly cooled stand element 25 is provided below the cast block 1, which forms a stand surface 26 for the cast block 1 on the side facing the cast block 1.
  • the stand element 25 is connected to a pull-off stamp 28, which is connected to a longitudinal column 30 via a cross member 29.
  • the cross member 29 or the puller punch 28 can be raised and lowered in the direction of the longitudinal axis 5 by means of a drive (not shown).
  • the standing element 25 is also rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis 5 and can generate an active rotation of the cast block 1 about the longitudinal axis 5 during the casting process of the cast block 1 by means of a drive 32.
  • the drive 32 is preferably designed in such a way that, depending on the application, it can also oscillate the cast block 1 or the standing element 25, for example by 45 ° around a central position of the cast block 1, as well as at different angular speeds according to a provided speed profile can move.
  • rollers 35 acting on the outer circumference 6 of the cast block 1 above the stand element 25 can be used, each of which is rotatably mounted in an axis 36 and driven by a drive 37.
  • rollers 35 are provided, preferably at equal angular intervals around the longitudinal axis 5.
  • the cast block 1 is withdrawn from the mold 15 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 5 downwards by means of the withdrawal punch 28.
  • the withdrawal speed of the ingot 1 can be uniform or discontinuous.
  • the liquid metal 2 solidifies within the cast block 1 from the outer circumference 6 of the cast block 1 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 5. After the regular end of casting, provision can be made for liquid metal to continue to be used in accordance with the disclosure of FIG WO 2015/101553 A2 is poured into the mold 15 to compensate for the shrinkage of the metal melt.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Gussblöcken aus Metall, insbesondere aus Stahl mit einer Querschnittsfläche von mehr als 0,1 m2, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for producing cast blocks from metal, in particular from steel with a cross-sectional area of more than 0.1 m 2 , according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention also relates to a device for performing the method according to the invention.

Aus der WO 2015/079071 A2 ist ein Verfahren bekannt, das sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass der gegossene Gussblock erst nach dem vollständigen Abziehen aus einer Kokille bzw. der Beendigung des Gießvorgangs im Bereich einer Tertiärkühlzone um seine Längsachse gedreht wird.From the WO 2015/079071 A2 a method is known which is characterized in that the cast ingot is rotated about its longitudinal axis in the area of a tertiary cooling zone only after it has been completely withdrawn from a mold or the casting process has ended.

Ein weiteres Verfahren zum Herstellen von Gussblöcken aus Metall ist aus der WO 2015/101553 A2 der Anmelderin bekannt geworden. Mittels des bekannten Verfahrens lassen sich auch geringe Stückzahlen von Gussblöcken mit 300mm Durchmesser und darüber und Blocklängen von mehr als 5m wirtschaftlich herstellen, wobei nach Ende des regulären Gießvorgangs weiter flüssiges Metall in den Kokillenkreislauf in einem Ausmaß zugeführt wird, so dass mindestens die bei der Erstarrung auftretende Schrumpfung der Metall- bzw. Stahlschmelze ausgeglichen wird.Another method of making ingots from metal is from US Pat WO 2015/101553 A2 became known to the applicant. By means of the known method, small numbers of cast blocks with a diameter of 300mm and over and block lengths of more than 5m can also be economically produced, with liquid metal being fed into the mold circuit to an extent that at least the solidification occurs after the regular casting process occurring shrinkage of the metal or steel melt is compensated.

Zusätzlich besteht, und zwar unabhängig von dem Durchmesser bzw. der Länge des Gussblocks die Forderung nach einem qualitativ hochwertigen Gussblock. Gemeint ist hierbei insbesondere eine gute Erstarrungsstruktur insbesondere mit Blick auf die Zentrumsseigerung und die Zentrumsporosität, damit derartige Gussblöcke ihre (Qualitäts-) Eigenschaften vollständig ausschöpfen können. Das aus der oben genannten Schrift bekannte Verfahren nennt diesbezüglich keine Maßnahmen zur Gewährleistung bzw. Erzielung einer optimalen Gussqualität, da es in der Schrift primär um eine möglichst hohe Wirtschaftlichkeit geht.In addition, regardless of the diameter or the length of the cast block, there is a need for a high-quality cast block. What is meant here is in particular a good solidification structure especially with regard to the center segregation and the center porosity, so that such ingots can fully exploit their (quality) properties. The method known from the above-mentioned document does not mention any measures in this regard to ensure or achieve an optimal casting quality, since the document is primarily about the highest possible economic efficiency.

Sowohl aus dem Artikel " Specific aspects of rotary continuous casting" (Iron an d Steel Engineer, Band 59, Nr.1, 1. Januar 1982 (1982-01-01), Seiten 53-59, XP001315703 ) als auch der JP H09 276993 A1 sind Verfahren zum Herstellen von Gussblöcken aus Metall mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 bekannt, die sich dadurch auszeichnen, dass der auf einem höhenbeweglichen Abzugsstempel angeordnete, teilweise erstarrte Gussblock während des Gießvorgangs zumindest zeitweise um seine Längsachse gedreht wird. Dabei weisen die entsprechenden Rotationseinrichtungen Rollenelemente bzw. Walzen auf, die auf den Außenumfang des Gussblocks einwirken, um die Drehbewegung des Gussblocks zu erzeugen.Both from the article " Specific aspects of rotary continuous casting "(Iron an d Steel Engineer, Volume 59, No. 1, January 1, 1982 (1982-01-01), pages 53-59, XP001315703 ) as well as the JP H09 276993 A1 Processes for the production of casting blocks from metal are known with the features of the preamble of claim 1, which are characterized in that the partially solidified cast block arranged on a vertically movable trigger is rotated around its longitudinal axis at least temporarily during the casting process. The corresponding rotation devices have roller elements or rollers which act on the outer circumference of the cast block in order to generate the rotational movement of the cast block.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Ausgehend von dem dargestellten Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zum Herstellen von Gussblöcken aus Metall, insbesondere aus Stahl mit einer Querschnittsfläche von mehr als 0,1 m2, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 derart weiterzubilden, dass die hergestellten Gussblöcke eine besonders hohe Qualität aufweisen. Gemeint ist hierbei insbesondere, dass der Querschnitt eines derartigen Gussblocks möglichst homogen und seigerungsfrei sowie mit möglichst wenig bzw. eine geringe Größe aufweisenden Poren und Lunkern ausgebildet werden kann.Proceeding from the prior art presented, the invention is based on the object of developing a method for producing cast blocks from metal, in particular from steel with a cross-sectional area of more than 0.1 m 2 , according to the preamble of claim 1, in such a way that the produced Cast ingots have a particularly high quality. What is meant here is, in particular, that the cross section of such a cast block is as homogeneous as possible and free of segregation and with as few or small pores and voids as possible can be formed.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Verfahren zum Herstellen von Gussblöcken aus Metall mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 dadurch gelöst, dass die Drehung des Gussblocks über ein Standelement oder einen Abzugsstempel erzeugt wird, auf dem der Gussblock mit seiner zugewandten Seite steht.This object is achieved in a method for producing cast blocks made of metal with the features of claim 1 in that the rotation of the cast block is generated via a standing element or a trigger stamp on which the cast block stands with its facing side.

Eine derartige Drehung des Gussblocks, bei der diese über ein Standelement oder einen Abtzugsstempel erzeugt wird, auf dem der Gussblock steht, hat den Vorteil, dass der Gussblock an seinem Außenumfang mechanisch nicht belastet wird.Such a rotation of the cast block, in which this is generated by means of a stand element or a withdrawal stamp on which the cast block stands, has the advantage that the cast block is not mechanically stressed on its outer circumference.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Herstellen von Gussblöcken aus Metall sind in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführt.Advantageous further developments of the method according to the invention for producing cast blocks from metal are listed in the subclaims.

Wie oben erläutert, besteht das erfindungsgemäße Prinzip in einer zumindest zeitweisen Drehung des Gussblocks um seine Längsachse, solange das Metall des Gussblocks noch nicht vollständig erstarrt ist, wobei die Drehung bereits während des eigentlichen Gießvorgangs, d.h. innerhalb des Bereichs der Kokille erfolgt. Der Zeitpunkt für den Beginn und das Ende des Drehens des Gussblocks, der Art der Drehung sowie der Drehrichtung hängt von verschiedenen Faktoren ab und ist ggf. dem jeweiligen Anwendungsfall anzupassen. So sieht es eine erste Variante des Verfahrens, die sich vorrichtungstechnisch besonders einfach realisieren lässt vor, dass der Gussblock in eine (einzige) Richtung um die Längsachse kontinuierlich gedreht wird.As explained above, the principle according to the invention consists in an at least temporary rotation of the cast block around its longitudinal axis as long as the metal of the cast block has not yet completely solidified, the rotation already taking place during the actual casting process, ie within the area of the mold. The point in time for the beginning and the end of the turning of the ingot, the type of turning and the direction of rotation depends on various factors and may need to be adapted to the particular application. A first variant of the method, which can be implemented in a particularly simple manner in terms of device technology, provides for the cast block to be rotated continuously in one (single) direction about the longitudinal axis.

Alternativ kann es vorgesehen sein, dass der Gussblock um die Längsachse oszillierend gedreht wird, beispielsweise um einen Drehwinkel von ± 45°, bezogen auf eine mittlere Position.Alternatively, it can be provided that the cast block is rotated in an oscillating manner about the longitudinal axis, for example by an angle of rotation of ± 45 °, based on a central position.

Eine zusätzliche Möglichkeit zur Beeinflussung der Qualität bzw. der Erstarrungseigenschaften des Gussblocks sieht vor, dass während der Bewegung des Gussblocks die Drehwinkelgeschwindigkeit des Gussblocks um die Längsachse variiert wird. Es kann beispielsweise eine gleichförmige Steigerung bzw. Reduzierung der Drehwinkelgeschwindigkeit vorgesehen sein, oder aber ein plötzliches Abstoppen und anschließendes Drehen mit hoher Beschleunigung.An additional possibility for influencing the quality or the solidification properties of the cast block provides that the angular speed of rotation of the cast block about the longitudinal axis is varied during the movement of the cast block. For example, a uniform increase or reduction in the angular speed of rotation can be provided, or else a sudden stop and subsequent rotation at high acceleration.

Während der Herstellung des Gussblocks gelangt fortlaufend flüssiges Metall in den Bereich der Kokille, wobei gleichzeitig der zumindest teilweise erstarrte Block mittels des Abzugsstempels abgezogen wird, sodass in die Kokille flüssiges Metall nachdosiert werden kann. Üblicherweise findet eine derartige Abzugsbewegung des Gussblocks kontinuierlich bzw. mit konstanter Abzugsgeschwindigkeit statt, zumindest bis zu dem Zeitpunkt beim Gießende, bei dem die Abzugsgeschwindigkeit beispielsweise reduziert wird.During the manufacture of the cast block, liquid metal continuously reaches the area of the mold, with the at least partially solidified block being withdrawn by means of the pull-off die at the same time, so that liquid metal can be replenished into the mold. Such a withdrawal movement of the casting block usually takes place continuously or at a constant withdrawal speed, at least up to the point in time at the end of casting at which the withdrawal speed is reduced, for example.

Eine weitere Variation des soweit beschriebenen erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sieht vor, dass die Kokille (zusätzlich zum Gussblock) um die Längsachse gedreht wird. Eine derartige Drehung der Kokille um die Längsachse kann entweder durch einen zusätzlichen, separaten Antrieb erfolgen, oder aber dadurch, dass die Kokille um ihre Längsachse beweglich angeordnet ist, und eine Drehung der Kokille durch die Reibung mit dem Metall des Gussblocks hervorgerufen wird.Another variation of the method according to the invention described so far provides that the mold (in addition to the cast block) is rotated about the longitudinal axis. Such a rotation of the mold around the longitudinal axis can be done either by an additional, separate drive, or by the fact that the mold is movably arranged around its longitudinal axis, and rotation of the mold is caused by the friction with the metal of the cast block.

Weiterhin kann es vorgesehen sein, dass zur Erzielung einer möglichst hohen Qualität des Gussblocks dieser nach Gießende über einen bestimmten Zeitraum weiterhin um seine Längsachse gedreht wird. Insbesondere soll das Drehen des Gussblocks um seine Längsachse solange stattfinden, bis sichergestellt ist, dass der Querschnitt des Gussblocks über seine gesamte Länge vollständig erstarrt ist.Furthermore, it can be provided that, in order to achieve the highest possible quality of the cast block, after the casting process, the cast block is continues to rotate about its longitudinal axis for a certain period of time In particular, the casting block should rotate about its longitudinal axis until it is ensured that the cross section of the casting block has completely solidified over its entire length.

Eine zusätzliche Optimierung der Qualität des Gussblocks ist erzielbar, wenn das flüssige Metall des Gussblocks mittels einer elektromagnetischen Rührspule bewegt wird. Eine derartige Rührspule kann dabei entweder ortsfest im Bereich des Gussblocks angeordnet sein, oder aber längsverschiebbar in Richtung der Längsachse des Gußblocks um den Gussblock. Auch ist es möglich, eine Kombination einer starren und einer beweglichen elektromagnetischen Rührspule vorzusehen.An additional optimization of the quality of the cast block can be achieved if the liquid metal of the cast block is moved by means of an electromagnetic stirring coil. Such a stirring coil can either be arranged in a stationary manner in the area of the cast block, or it can be longitudinally displaceable in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cast block around the cast block. It is also possible to provide a combination of a rigid and a movable electromagnetic stirring coil.

Weiterhin umfasst die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des soweit beschriebenen erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, wobei die Vorrichtung eine Gießpfanne und ggf. ein Zwischengefäß zum Zuführen von flüssiger Metallschmelze in eine nach unten offene Kokille aufweist. Zusätzlich ist ein höhenbeweglich angeordneter Abzugsstempel zum zumindest mittelbaren Anordnen des Gussblocks auf einer der Kokille zugewandten Standfläche vorgesehen. Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zeichnet sich durch Mittel zum Rotieren des Gussblocks um seine Längsachse aus.The invention further comprises a device for carrying out the method according to the invention described so far, the device having a pouring ladle and optionally an intermediate vessel for feeding liquid metal melt into a mold that is open at the bottom. In addition, a height-movably arranged withdrawal punch is provided for at least indirect arrangement of the cast ingot on a standing surface facing the mold. The device according to the invention is characterized by means for rotating the cast block about its longitudinal axis.

In einer vorrichtungstechnisch besonders einfach realisierbaren Variante zum Rotieren des Gussblocks um seine Längsachse sind die Mittel durch den Abzugsstempel selbst oder ein Standelement gebildet, auf dem der Gußblock steht, indem der Abzugsstempel bzw. das Standelement mittels eines Antriebs um seine Längsachse drehbar ausgebildet ist. Insbesondere werden bei derartig ausgebildeten Mitteln zur Strangrotation mechanische Beanspruchungen der Umfangsfläche des Gussblocks vermieden.In a variant for rotating the cast block around its longitudinal axis, which is particularly easy to implement in terms of device technology, the means are formed by the trigger itself or a stand element on which the cast block stands, in that the trigger or the stand element is designed to be rotatable about its longitudinal axis by means of a drive. In particular, mechanical loads on the circumferential surface of the cast block are avoided with means for strand rotation designed in this way.

Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann es jedoch auch vorgesehen sein, dass die Mittel durch an dem Außenumfang des Gussblocks einwirkende Antriebsmittel, insbesondere in Form von drehbaren Rollen bzw. Walzen, gebildet sind. Derartige Rollen bzw. Walzen liegen zumindest kraftschlüssig an dem Außenumfang des Gussblocks an und bewirken die gewünschte Rotation des Gußblocks, wobei in diesem Fall der Abzugsstempel ggf. lediglich ebenfalls um die Längsachse drehbar angeordnet sein muss, jedoch keinen eigenen Antrieb benötigt.Alternatively or additionally, however, it can also be provided that the means are formed by drive means acting on the outer circumference of the cast block, in particular in the form of rotatable rollers or cylinders. Rollers or cylinders of this type are at least positively against the outer circumference of the cast block and cause the desired rotation of the cast block, in which case the pull-off punch only has to be rotatable about the longitudinal axis, but does not need its own drive.

Weiterhin kann es vorgesehen sein, dass die Kokille um die Längsachse drehbar angeordnet ist und/oder dass wenigstens eine elektromagnetische Rührspule für den Gussblock vorgesehen ist.Furthermore, it can be provided that the mold is arranged to be rotatable about the longitudinal axis and / or that at least one electromagnetic stirring coil is provided for the cast block.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele sowie anhand der Zeichnung.Further advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments and with reference to the drawing.

Diese zeigt in der einzigen Figur einen stark vereinfachten Längsschnitt einer Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Gussblocks.In the single figure, this shows a greatly simplified longitudinal section of a device for producing a cast block.

Die in der Figur dargestellte Vorrichtung 10 dient zum diskontinuierlichen Herstellen eines Gussblocks 1 aus Metall 2, insbesondere aus Stahl, mit einer Querschnittsfläche von vorzugsweise mehr als 0,1m2 und einer Länge von beispielsweise bis zu 15m. Die Querschnittsfläche des Gussblocks 1 ist vorzugsweise kreisförmig ausgebildet, kann aber rechteckförmig bzw. quadratisch sein, oder aber eine sonstige gewünschte Form aufweisen.The device 10 shown in the figure serves for the discontinuous production of a cast block 1 from metal 2, in particular from steel, with a cross-sectional area of preferably more than 0.1 m 2 and a length of, for example, up to 15 m. The cross-sectional area of the cast block 1 is preferably circular, but can be rectangular or square, or have any other desired shape.

Die Vorrichtung 10 umfasst eine Gießpfanne 11, aus der flüssiges Metall 2 über ein ggf. vorhandenes Verteilergefäß 12 in eine nach unten offene Kokille 15 abgegeben werden kann. Oberhalb der Kokille 15 kann optional auf der dem Verteilergefäß 12 zugewandten Seite eine Ausmauerung 16 vorgesehen sein, die radial von einer Heizeinrichtung in Form einer Induktionsspule 17 umgeben ist. Die Einheit aus Ausmauerung 16 und Heizeinrichtung bzw. Induktionsspule 17 wird auch als "Speiser" bezeichnet. Der Speiser dient insbesondere bei Gießende zur Beheizung des flüssigen Metalls.The device 10 comprises a pouring ladle 11, from which the liquid metal 2 flows into a downwardly open one via an optionally present distribution vessel 12 Mold 15 can be delivered. Above the mold 15, on the side facing the distribution vessel 12, a lining 16 can optionally be provided, which is surrounded radially by a heating device in the form of an induction coil 17. The unit comprising the lining 16 and heating device or induction coil 17 is also referred to as a "feeder". The feeder is used to heat the liquid metal, especially at the end of casting.

Ergänzend wird erwähnt, dass auch eine andere Form und Anordnung einer Heizeinrichtung vorgesehen sein kann, beispielsweise in Form von oberhalb der Ausmauerung 16 angeordneten Heizstäben, Elektroden oder ähnlichem.In addition, it is mentioned that a different shape and arrangement of a heating device can also be provided, for example in the form of heating rods, electrodes or the like arranged above the brick lining 16.

Auf der dem Verteilergefäß 12 abgewandten Seite schließt sich an den Speiser die Kokille 15 an, die optional radial von einem elektromagnetischen Rührer 19 umgeben sein kann. Der Gießspiegel 3 der Metallschmelze befindet sich beispielhaft im Bereich der Kokille 15, wobei der Gießspiegel 3 von nicht dargestelltem Pulver zur Schmierung und/oder zur (Wärme-) Isolation abgedeckt sein kann. Weiterhin ist zu erwähnen, dass der Innenquerschnitt der Kokille 15 dem Querschnitt des auszubildenden Gussblocks 1 angepasst ist bzw. diesem entspricht.On the side facing away from the tundish 12, the chill mold 15 adjoins the feeder and can optionally be surrounded radially by an electromagnetic stirrer 19. The meniscus 3 of the molten metal is located, for example, in the area of the mold 15, it being possible for the meniscus 3 to be covered by powder (not shown) for lubrication and / or for (thermal) insulation. It should also be mentioned that the inner cross-section of the mold 15 is adapted to or corresponds to the cross-section of the cast ingot 1 to be formed.

Auf der dem Verteilergefäß 12 abgewandten Seite schließt sich unterhalb der Kokille 15 gegebenenfalls eine Kühleinrichtung 21 an, die in Wirkverbindung mit dem Gussblock 1 angeordnet ist. Optional kann unterhalb der Kokille 15 ein weiterer elektromagnetischer Rührer 22 vorgesehen sein, der in Richtung des Doppelpfeils 23 längsbeweglich in Richtung einer Längsachse 5 des Gussblocks 1 beweglich angeordnet sein kann.On the side facing away from the distribution vessel 12, a cooling device 21, which is arranged in operative connection with the cast ingot 1, may be connected below the mold 15. Optionally, a further electromagnetic stirrer 22 can be provided below the mold 15, which can be arranged to be movable longitudinally in the direction of the double arrow 23 in the direction of a longitudinal axis 5 of the cast ingot 1.

Weiterhin wird erwähnt, dass es insbesondere auch vorgesehen sein kann, dass die Kokille 15 mittels nicht dargestellter Lagereinrichtungen um die Längsachse 5 des Gußblocks 1 und der Kokille 15 drehbar gelagert ist.Furthermore, it is mentioned that it can also be provided in particular that the mold 15 is mounted rotatably about the longitudinal axis 5 of the cast block 1 and the mold 15 by means of bearing devices (not shown).

Unterhalb des Gussblocks 1 ist ein ggf. gekühltes Standelement 25 vorgesehen, das auf der dem Gussblock 1 zugewandten Seite eine Standfläche 26 für den Gussblock 1 ausbildet. Das Standelement 25 ist mit einem Abzugsstempel 28 verbunden, der über einen Querträger 29 mit einer Längssäule 30 verbunden ist. Der Querträger 29 bzw. der Abzugsstempel 28 ist mittels eines nicht dargestellten Antriebs in Richtung der Längsachse 5 heb- und senkbar angeordnet. Weiterhin ist es vorgesehen, dass das Standelement 25 ebenfalls um die Längsachse 5 drehbar gelagert ist und mittels eines Antriebs 32 eine aktive Drehung des Gussblocks 1 um die Längsachse 5 während des Gießvorgangs des Gussblocks 1 erzeugen kann.Below the cast block 1, a possibly cooled stand element 25 is provided, which forms a stand surface 26 for the cast block 1 on the side facing the cast block 1. The stand element 25 is connected to a pull-off stamp 28, which is connected to a longitudinal column 30 via a cross member 29. The cross member 29 or the puller punch 28 can be raised and lowered in the direction of the longitudinal axis 5 by means of a drive (not shown). Furthermore, it is provided that the standing element 25 is also rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis 5 and can generate an active rotation of the cast block 1 about the longitudinal axis 5 during the casting process of the cast block 1 by means of a drive 32.

Beispielhaft ist dargestellt, dass die Drehung des Standelements 25 und des Gussblocks 1 sowie der Kokille 15 im Uhrzeigersinn entsprechend der Pfeile 33, 34 erfolgt. Der Antrieb 32 ist vorzugsweise derart ausgebildet, dass er, je nach Anwendungsfall, den Gussblock 1 bzw. das Standelement 25 aber auch oszillierend, beispielsweise um jeweils 45° um eine mittlere Stellung des Gußblocks 1, als auch mit unterschiedlichen Drehwinkelgeschwindigkeiten entsprechend eines vorgesehenen Geschwindigkeitsprofils, bewegen kann.It is shown by way of example that the rotation of the standing element 25 and the cast block 1 as well as the mold 15 takes place in the clockwise direction according to the arrows 33, 34. The drive 32 is preferably designed in such a way that, depending on the application, it can also oscillate the cast block 1 or the standing element 25, for example by 45 ° around a central position of the cast block 1, as well as at different angular speeds according to a provided speed profile can move.

Ist kein mittels eines Antriebs 32 um die Längsachse 5 drehbares Standelement 25 vorgesehen, so können alternativ beispielhaft am Außenumfang 6 des Gussblocks 1 oberhalb des Standelements 25 angreifende Rollen 35 dienen, die jeweils in einer Achse 36 drehbar gelagert und mittels eines Antriebs 37 angetrieben sind. Üblicherweise sind dabei mehrere derartige Rollen 35, vorzugsweise in gleichmäßigen Winkelabständen um die Längsachse 5, vorgesehen.If there is no stand element 25 which can be rotated about the longitudinal axis 5 by means of a drive 32, then alternatively, for example, rollers 35 acting on the outer circumference 6 of the cast block 1 above the stand element 25 can be used, each of which is rotatably mounted in an axis 36 and driven by a drive 37. Usually a plurality of such rollers 35 are provided, preferably at equal angular intervals around the longitudinal axis 5.

Bei der Herstellung des Gussblocks 1 wird der Gussblock 1 mittels des Abzugsstempels 28 in Richtung der Längsachse 5 nach unten aus der Kokille 15 abgezogen. Die Abzugsgeschwindigkeit des Gussblocks 1 kann gleichförmig sein, oder aber diskontinuierlich. Weiterhin erfolgt während des Abziehens des Gussblocks 1 aus der Kokille 15, durch h.h. während des Gießvorgangs, ggf. auch nach Ende des Abzugsvorgangs, zumindest ein zeitweises Drehen des Gussblocks 1 um die Längsachse 5.During the production of the cast block 1, the cast block 1 is withdrawn from the mold 15 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 5 downwards by means of the withdrawal punch 28. The withdrawal speed of the ingot 1 can be uniform or discontinuous. Furthermore, during the withdrawal of the cast ingot 1 from the mold 15, by h.h. During the casting process, possibly also after the end of the withdrawal process, at least one temporary rotation of the cast block 1 about the longitudinal axis 5.

Das flüssige Metall 2 erstarrt innerhalb des Gussblocks 1 vom Außenumfang 6 des Gussblocks 1 her in Richtung zur Längsachse 5. Nach dem regulären Gießende kann es vorgesehen sein, dass weiterhin flüssiges Metall entsprechend der Offenbarung der WO 2015/101553 A2 in die Kokille 15 zum Ausgleich der Schrumpfung der Metallschmelze nachgegossen wird.The liquid metal 2 solidifies within the cast block 1 from the outer circumference 6 of the cast block 1 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 5. After the regular end of casting, provision can be made for liquid metal to continue to be used in accordance with the disclosure of FIG WO 2015/101553 A2 is poured into the mold 15 to compensate for the shrinkage of the metal melt.

Die soweit beschriebene Vorrichtung 10 bzw. das beschriebene Verfahren können in vielfältiger Art und Weise abgewandelt bzw. modifiziert werden, ohne vom Erfindungsgedanken abzuweichen.The device 10 described so far and the method described can be modified or modified in many ways without deviating from the inventive concept.

BezugszeichenReference number

11
Gussblockingot
22
Metallmetal
33
GießspiegelMold level
55
LängsachseLongitudinal axis
66th
AußenumfangOuter circumference
1010
Vorrichtungcontraption
1111
GießpfanneLadle
1212th
VerteilergefäßDistribution vessel
1515th
KokilleMold
1616
AusmauerungBrick lining
1717th
InduktionsspuleInduction coil
1919th
RührerStirrer
2121st
KühleinrichtungCooling device
2222nd
elektromagnetischer Rührerelectromagnetic stirrer
2323
DoppelpfeilDouble arrow
2525th
StandelementStand element
2626th
StandflächeStand space
2828
AbzugsstempelTrigger stamp
2929
QuerträgerCross member
3030th
LängssäuleLongitudinal column
3232
Antriebdrive
3333
Pfeilarrow
3434
Pfeilarrow
3535
Rollerole
3636
Achseaxis
3737
Antriebdrive

Claims (13)

  1. A method for producing ingots (1) from metal, in particular from steel, having a cross-sectional area of more than 0.1 m2, liquid metal (2) being discharged either directly from a casting ladle (11) or via a tundish (12) into an ingot mold (15) open at the bottom, the at least partially solidified ingot (1) being withdrawn from the ingot mold (15) in the direction of a longitudinal axis (5) of the ingot (1) using a withdrawing tool (28) which is vertically movable in the direction of the longitudinal axis (5) and on which the ingot (1) is at least indirectly disposed, and the ingot (1) being at least temporarily rotated about its longitudinal axis (5), at least during the casting process,
    characterized in that
    the rotation of the ingot (1) is realized via a pedestal element (25) or a withdrawing tool (28) on which the ingot (1) stands with its facing side.
  2. The method according to claim 1,
    wherein the ingot (1) is continuously rotated in a direction about the longitudinal axis (5).
  3. The method according to claim 1,
    wherein the ingot (1) is rotated in an oscillating manner about the longitudinal axis (5).
  4. The method according to claim 2 or 3,
    wherein the rotational angular velocity of the ingot (1) about the longitudinal axis (5) is varied during the rotation of the ingot (1).
  5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    wherein the ingot (1) is discontinuously moved during the withdrawal from the ingot mold (15) in the direction of the longitudinal axis (5).
  6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
    wherein the ingot mold (15) is rotated about the longitudinal axis (5).
  7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
    wherein the rotation of the ingot (1) is continued for a specific time period after the end of the casting process.
  8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
    wherein the liquid metal (2) of the ingot (1) is moved using at least one electromagnetic stirring coil (19, 22).
  9. A device (10) for performing a method according to any of claims 1 to 8, comprising a casting ladle (11) and a tundish (12), if required, for introducing liquid metal (2) into an ingot mold (15) open at the bottom and comprising a withdrawing tool (28), which is disposed so as to be vertically moveable, for at least indirectly disposing the ingot (1) on a pedestal surface (26) facing the ingot mold (15), means for rotating the ingot (1) about its longitudinal axis (5) being provided
    characterized in that
    the means are formed by a pedestal element (25) which is movable about the longitudinal axis (5) and connected to a drive (32) or by the withdrawing tool (28).
  10. The device according to claim 9,
    wherein the ingot mold (15) is disposed so as to be rotatable about the longitudinal axis (5).
  11. The device according to claim 9 or 10,
    wherein at least one electromagnetic stirring coil (19, 22) is provided for the ingot (1).
  12. The device according to any one of claims 9 to 11,
    wherein a lining (16) is provided at the side of the ingot (15) facing the casting ladle (11) or the tundish (12).
  13. The device according to claim 12,
    wherein the area of the lining (16) is heatable by means of a heating device, preferably by means of an induction coil (17) radially surrounding the lining (16) or by means of a heating element disposed above the lining (16), such as an electrode or the like.
EP18722911.7A 2017-04-20 2018-04-17 Method and apparatus for producing metal slab Active EP3612329B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102017108394.4A DE102017108394A1 (en) 2017-04-20 2017-04-20 Method and device for producing cast blocks from metal
PCT/EP2018/059728 WO2018192903A1 (en) 2017-04-20 2018-04-17 Method and device for producing foundry ingots from metal

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CN112974740B (en) * 2021-04-19 2021-07-30 北京科技大学 Vacuum induction melting casting process and ingot mold device for GH4151 alloy
AT525111A1 (en) 2021-06-08 2022-12-15 Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH Stirring cast blooms with an oscillating strand stirrer
CN114905016B (en) * 2022-06-13 2024-01-12 武汉大西洋连铸设备工程有限责任公司 Mechanical rotary stirring device applied to casting blank solidification process

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NL133438C (en) * 1965-03-03
FR2150237B1 (en) * 1971-08-25 1974-05-10 Etudes De Centrifugation
FR2369039A1 (en) * 1976-10-29 1978-05-26 Creusot Loire Continuous casting of vertical strands - in which induction motors oppose the descent of the strand
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DE102017108394A1 (en) 2018-10-25
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EP3612329A1 (en) 2020-02-26
US20210023611A1 (en) 2021-01-28
CN110545935A (en) 2019-12-06

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