EP3596410B9 - Co2-kühlsystem und steuerungsverfahren dafür - Google Patents

Co2-kühlsystem und steuerungsverfahren dafür Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3596410B9
EP3596410B9 EP18713542.1A EP18713542A EP3596410B9 EP 3596410 B9 EP3596410 B9 EP 3596410B9 EP 18713542 A EP18713542 A EP 18713542A EP 3596410 B9 EP3596410 B9 EP 3596410B9
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Prior art keywords
flow passage
pressure
gas storage
storage reservoir
carbon dioxide
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EP18713542.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3596410A1 (de
EP3596410B1 (de
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Bo Zhao
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Carrier Corp
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Carrier Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/001—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for with two or more accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
    • F25B2345/001—Charging refrigerant to a cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
    • F25B2345/002—Collecting refrigerant from a cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
    • F25B2345/006—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor characterised by charging or discharging valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0409—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0415—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the receiver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/16—Receivers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/23—Separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/07—Exceeding a certain pressure value in a refrigeration component or cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2501—Bypass valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2523—Receiver valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2525—Pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/006—Accumulators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of refrigeration, and more particularly, relates to a carbon dioxide refrigeration system and a pressure relief and recovery control method.
  • a pressure relief valve or a pressure relief tank is introduced in the carbon dioxide refrigeration system, so that when the overpressure condition occurs, part of a carbon dioxide refrigerant is discharged into the atmosphere via the pressure relief valve or discharged into the pressure relief tank for subsequent processing.
  • Such design relieves the overpressure problem of the carbon dioxide refrigeration system to a certain degree.
  • part of carbon dioxide in the system is discharged, which may influence refrigeration capacity of the system in the normal operating state, so maintenance personnel needs to constantly execute a refrigerant refilling action, which will increase maintenance costs.
  • a condensing unit for the overpressure problem of the carbon dioxide refrigeration system in a shutdown state, can be additionally arranged, and after the system is shut down, the condensing unit will inject cooling capacity to the system so as to prevent the occurrence of the carbon dioxide overpressure problem to the system.
  • EP 0860309 discloses a carbon dioxide gas refrigeration cycle comprising a main body of the cycle and a buffer tank separate from the main body of the cycle; the buffer tank may be connected to either the high-pressure side or the low-pressure side of the main body of the refrigeration cycle.
  • the present invention aims to provide a carbon dioxide refrigeration system capable of unloading and recovering a carbon dioxide refrigerant.
  • the present invention further aims to provide a control method of a carbon dioxide refrigeration system capable of unloading and recovering a carbon dioxide refrigerant.
  • the present invention provides a carbon dioxide refrigeration system, comprising: a refrigeration loop, which comprises: a compressor, a condenser, a throttling element and an evaporator which are connected by pipelines, wherein a high-pressure side flow passage of the refrigeration loop is formed from the downstream of the compressor to the upstream of the throttling element, and a low-pressure side flow passage of the refrigeration loop is formed from the downstream of the throttling element to the upstream of the compressor; and a pressure relief and recovery loop, which comprises: a gas storage reservoir, which is used for storing gas-phase carbon dioxide; a pressure relief flow passage, which is used for connecting the gas storage reservoir and the refrigeration loop and used for discharging the gas-phase carbon dioxide in the refrigeration loop into the gas storage reservoir; and a recovery flow passage, which is used for connecting the gas storage reservoir and the refrigeration loop and provided with a driving apparatus, the recovery flow passage being used for recovering the gas-phase carbon dioxide in the gas storage reservoir into the refrigeration loop under
  • the present invention further provides a control method of the carbon dioxide refrigeration system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising: a pressure relief control step S100, which comprises: a switch-on step S110: when a pressure of the high-pressure side flow passage is not smaller than a first preset pressure, and when a pressure of the low-pressure side flow passage is not smaller than a third preset pressure, switching on the pressure relief flow passage; a switch-off step S120: when the pressure of the high-pressure side flow passage is not greater than a second preset pressure, and when the pressure of the low-pressure side flow passage is not greater than a fourth preset pressure, switching off the pressure relief flow passage; and a maintenance step S130: when the pressure of the high-pressure side flow passage is smaller than the first preset pressure and greater than the second preset pressure, and when the pressure of the low-pressure side flow passage is smaller than the third preset pressure and greater than the fourth preset pressure, maintaining a current on/off state of the pressure relief flow
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system flow passage of a carbon dioxide refrigeration system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a carbon dioxide refrigeration system.
  • the system includes a refrigeration loop 200 for providing cooling capacity and a pressure relief and recovery loop 100 for providing pressure relief and carbon dioxide recovery.
  • the refrigeration loop 200 includes a compressor 210, a condenser 220, a throttling element 230 and an evaporator 240 which are connected by pipelines; a high-pressure side flow passage of the refrigeration loop is formed from the downstream of the compressor 210 to the upstream of the throttling element 230; and a low-pressure side flow passage of the refrigeration loop is formed from the downstream of the throttling element 230 to the upstream of the compressor 210.
  • the above is one relatively common refrigeration loop 200, and a carbon dioxide refrigerant enters the condenser 220 to dissipate heat and is condensed after compressed via the compressor 210, then is throttled by the throttling element 230 for pressure reduction, and finally enters the evaporator 240 to absorb heat for refrigeration.
  • the pressure relief and recovery loop 100 includes: a gas storage reservoir 110, which is used for storing gas-phase carbon dioxide; a pressure relief flow passage 120, which is used for connecting the gas storage reservoir 110 and the refrigeration loop and is used for discharging the gas-phase carbon dioxide in the refrigeration loop into the gas storage reservoir 110; and a recovery flow passage 130, which is used for connecting the gas storage reservoir 110 and the refrigeration loop, and on which a recovery compressor131 is arranged, the recovery flow passage 130 being used for recovering the gas-phase carbon dioxide in the gas storage reservoir 110 into the refrigeration loop under the drive of the recovery compressor 131.
  • the over-pressured refrigerant in the refrigeration loop 200 can be led into the gas storage reservoir 110 in the pressure relief and recovery loop 100 via the pressure relief flow passage 120, and after the system is normal, the refrigerant can be recovered into the refrigeration loop 200 under the drive of the recovery compressor 131. Therefore, not only is a refrigerant overpressure phenomenon avoided, but also a problem that the refrigerant needs to be constantly refilled is solved, and considerations to maintenance cost and system operation stability are balanced.
  • the pressure relief flow passage 120 is used for connecting the gas storage reservoir 110 and the high-pressure side flow passage of the refrigeration loop; and/or the pressure relief flow passage 120 is used for connecting the gas storage reservoir 110 and the low-pressure side flow passage of the refrigeration loop.
  • the high-pressure side flow passage and the low-pressure side flow passage of the same carbon dioxide refrigeration system have different overpressure determination standards.
  • Such arrangement can implement pressure relief on the high-pressure side flow passage when overpressure occurs on the high-pressure side and pressure relief on the low-pressure side flow passage when overpressure occurs on the low-pressure side, and such regulation mode is more targeted.
  • the pressure relief flow passage 120 can be from the gas storage reservoir 110 to a high-pressure side pressure relief junction 125 located on a flow passage between the condenser 220 and the throttling element 230 of the refrigeration loop; or alternatively, the pressure relief flow passage 120 can be from the gas storage reservoir 110 to a high-pressure side pressure relief junction 125 located on a flow passage between the condenser 220 and the compressor 210 of the refrigeration loop; and/or the pressure relief flow passage 120 can be from the gas storage reservoir 110 to a low-pressure side pressure relief junction 126 located on a flow passage between the evaporator 240 and the compressor 210 of the refrigeration loop; or alternatively, the pressure relief flow passage 120 can be from the gas storage reservoir 110 to a low-pressure side pressure relief junction 126 located on a flow passage between the evaporator 240 and the throttling element 230 of the refrigeration loop.
  • the recovery flow passage 130 is used for connecting the gas storage reservoir 110 and the low-pressure side flow passage of the refrigeration loop, so that after the system is recovered to a normal pressure state, the discharged carbon dioxide refrigerant is recovered into the refrigeration loop again, thus avoiding an influence on refrigeration capacity of the system due to insufficiency of the refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant is introduced via the low-pressure side flow passage, so that in one aspect, the resistance acting on the refrigerant when it is introduced into the system can be reduced, and in the other aspect, the refrigerant can directly enter the compressor to participate in a new round of working cycle.
  • the recovery flow passage 130 is from the gas storage reservoir 110 to a recovery junction 133 located on the flow passage between the evaporator 240 and the compressor 210 of the refrigeration loop.
  • the recovery flow passage 130 is used for connecting the gas storage reservoir 110 and a flow passage between the evaporator 240 and the gas-liquid separator 250 of the refrigeration loop.
  • the recovery flow passage 130 can be a flow passage connecting the gas storage reservoir 110 and an air suction port of the compressor 210 of the refrigeration loop.
  • an electromagnetic valve for controlling on-off of the flow passage can be arranged on the pressure relief flow passage 120.
  • the pressure relief flow passage 120 includes a high-pressure side pressure relief branch 121 and a low-pressure side pressure relief branch 122
  • the electromagnetic valve described herein is correspondingly a high-pressure side pressure relief electromagnetic valve 123 and a low-pressure side pressure relief electromagnetic valve 124, respectively.
  • a check valve 132 for preventing backflow can be arranged on the recovery flow passage 130.
  • the recovery compressor 131 on the recovery flow passage 130 may also be other driving apparatuses capable of pressurizing a gas.
  • the related pressure relief and recovery loop 100 can also be applicable to other types of carbon dioxide refrigeration systems, as long as the systems also have a demand for solving the carbon dioxide overpressure problem.
  • the pressure relief flow passage 120 and the recovery flow passage 130 in the pressure relief and recovery loop 100 and the associated carbon dioxide refrigeration system reference can also be made to the above-mentioned embodiment. Namely, the pressure relief flow passage 120 is joined to the high-pressure side flow passage or the low-pressure side flow passage of the carbon dioxide refrigeration system, and the recovery flow passage 130 is joined to the low-pressure side flow passage of the carbon dioxide refrigeration system.
  • the method includes a pressure relief control step S100 for carrying out pressure relief when the system is over-pressured and a refrigerant recovery control step S200 for recovering the unloaded refrigerant after the system normally operates.
  • the pressure relief control step S100 includes: a switch-on step S110: when a pressure of the high-pressure side flow passage is not smaller than a first preset pressure, and/or when a pressure of the low-pressure side flow passage is not smaller than a third preset pressure, which shows that the pressure in the high-pressure side flow passage and/or the low-pressure side flow passage has exceeded a normal operation range, at the moment, switching on the pressure relief flow passage; a switch-off step S120: when the pressure of the high-pressure side flow passage is not greater than a second preset pressure, and/or when the pressure of the low-pressure side flow passage is not greater than a fourth preset pressure, which shows that the pressure in the high-pressure side flow passage and/or the low-pressure side flow passage has fallen back into the normal operation range, at the moment, switching off the pressure relief flow passage; and a maintenance step S130: when the pressure of the high-pressure side flow passage is smaller than the first preset pressure and greater than the second preset pressure, and/or when the pressure of
  • the refrigerant when the system normally operates, the refrigerant enters the condenser 220 to be condensed and dissipate heat after compressed via the compressor 210, then, after subjected to throttling and pressure reduction by the throttling element 230, the refrigerant enters the evaporator 240 to evaporate and absorb heat, so as to provide cooling capacity for an application environment, and subsequently, the refrigerant is dried in the gas-liquid separator, and enters the compressor 210 to start a new round of cycle.
  • the pressure of the high-pressure side flow passage (for example, a pressure at the condenser 220) is greater than or equal to the first preset pressure, it shows that the high-pressure side flow passage of the refrigeration system has an overpressure condition, and the high-pressure side pressure relief electromagnetic valve 123 should be opened; and at the moment, part of the high-pressure refrigerant flows from the high-pressure side pressure relief junction 125 into the gas storage reservoir 110 via the switched-on high-pressure side pressure relief branch 121 for temporary storage.
  • the pressure of the high-pressure side flow passage for example, a pressure at the condenser 220
  • the high-pressure side pressure relief electromagnetic valve 123 After the high-pressure side pressure relief electromagnetic valve 123 is opened transiently, the pressure of the high-pressure side flow passage can easily fall below the first preset pressure, and at the moment, it is apparently unreasonable to immediately close the high-pressure side pressure relief electromagnetic valve 123, which will result in that the pressure of the high-pressure side flow passage is always around the first preset pressure and a pressure reducing effect cannot be really achieved.
  • the high-pressure side pressure relief electromagnetic valve 123 is continuously kept open until the pressure of the high-pressure side flow passage is reduced to a pressure smaller than or equal to the second preset pressure value, at which the overpressure condition of the refrigeration system has been really regulated and controlled, and the high-pressure side pressure relief electromagnetic valve 123 can be closed. Conversely, when the pressure of the high-pressure side flow passage is greater than the second preset pressure value, the high-pressure side pressure relief electromagnetic valve 123 is still kept in a closed state until the pressure of the high-pressure side flow passage is continuously risen above the first preset pressure value, and the high-pressure side pressure relief electromagnetic valve 123 is opened again. The working cycle above is repeated.
  • the pressure of the low-pressure side flow passage (for example, the pressure at the evaporator 240) is greater than or equal to the third preset pressure, it shows that the low-pressure side flow passage of the refrigeration system has the overpressure condition, and the low-pressure side pressure relief electromagnetic valve 124 should be opened; and at the moment, part of the low-pressure refrigerant flows from the low-pressure side pressure relief junction 126 into the gas storage reservoir 110 via the switched-on low-pressure side pressure relief branch 122 for temporary storage.
  • the pressure of the low-pressure side flow passage can easily fall below the third preset pressure, and at the moment, it is also unreasonable to immediately close the low-pressure side pressure relief electromagnetic valve 124, which will result in that the pressure of the low-pressure side flow passage is always around the third preset pressure and a pressure reducing effect cannot be really achieved.
  • the low-pressure side pressure relief electromagnetic valve 124 is continuously kept open until the pressure of the low-pressure side flow passage is reduced to a pressure smaller than or equal to the fourth preset pressure value, at which the overpressure condition of the refrigeration system has been really regulated and controlled , and the low-pressure side pressure relief electromagnetic valve 124 can be closed. Conversely, when the pressure of the low-pressure side flow passage is greater than the fourth preset pressure value, the low-pressure side pressure relief electromagnetic valve 124 is still kept in a closed state until the pressure of the low-pressure side flow passage is continuously risen above the third preset pressure value, and the low-pressure side pressure relief electromagnetic valve 124 is opened again. The working cycle above is repeated.
  • pressure relief can be effectively performed on a refrigeration system when the system is over-pressured.
  • pressure relief will cause a decrease in the stock of the working refrigerant in the system. Therefore, when the system is in the normal working state, the unloaded refrigerant should also be recovered into the original refrigeration system.
  • pressure relief can be continuously normally operated or stopped.
  • the system normally operates i.e., the compressor of the refrigeration loop operates
  • the recovery compressor 131 in the recovery flow passage 130 operates, and at the moment, the refrigerant stored in the gas storage reservoir 110 flows from the recovery junction 133 into the refrigeration loop 200 via the recovery flow passage 130 and participates in the refrigeration working cycle again.
  • the recovery compressor 131 When the recovery compressor 131 has been started transiently, the pressure in the gas storage reservoir 110 can easily fall below the fifth preset pressure, and at the moment, it is apparently unreasonable to immediately stop the recovery compressor 131, which will result in that the refrigerant inadequately enters the refrigeration loop 200 to participate in refrigeration. Therefore, after the pressure in the gas storage reservoir 110 falls below the fifth preset pressure, the recovery compressor 131 is continuously kept started until the pressure in the gas storage reservoir 110 is reduced to a pressure smaller than or equal to the sixth preset pressure value, at which the refrigerant in the gas storage reservoir 110 is basically all recovered into the refrigeration loop 200, and the recovery compressor 131 can be stopped.
  • the recovery compressor 131 is still kept in a stop state until the pressure in the gas storage reservoir 110 is continuously risen above the fifth preset pressure value, and the recovery compressor 131 operates again. The working cycle above is repeated.
  • the system stops working i.e., the compressor of the refrigeration loop 200 stops operating, at the moment, the refrigerant does not need to be recovered, and the recovery compressor 131 in the recovery flow passage 130 should be directly stopped.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Kohlendioxid-Kühlsystem, umfassend:
    eine Kühlschleife (200), die umfasst: einen Kompressor (210), einen Kondensator (220), ein Drosselelement (230) und einen Verdampfer (240), die durch Rohrleitungen verbunden sind, wobei ein hochdruckseitiger Stromdurchlass der Kühlschleife von der stromabwärtigen Seite des Kompressors zur stromaufwärtigen Seite des Drosselelements ausgebildet ist, und ein niederdruckseitiger Stromdurchlass der Kühlschleife von der stromabwärtigen Seite des Drosselelements zur stromaufwärtigen Seite des Kompressors ausgebildet ist; und
    eine Druckentlastungs- und Rückgewinnungsschleife (100), die umfasst:
    einen Gasspeicherbehälter (110) zur Speicherung von Gasphasen-Kohlendioxid;
    einen Druckentlastungsstromdurchlass (120), der den Gasspeicherbehälter und die Kühlschleife verbindet und der geeignet ist, das Gasphasen-Kohlendioxid in der Kühlschleife in den Gasspeicherbehälter abzuführen; und
    einen Rückgewinnungsstromdurchlass (130), der den Gasspeicherbehälter und die Kühlschleife verbindet und mit einer Antriebseinrichtung (131) versehen ist, wobei der Rückgewinnungsstromdurchlass geeignet ist, das Gasphasen-Kohlendioxid im Gasspeicherbehälter unter dem Antrieb der Antriebseinrichtung in die Kühlschleife zurückzugewinnen;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Druckentlastungsstromdurchlass (120) den Gasspeicherbehälter (110) und den hochdruckseitigen Stromdurchlass der Kühlschleife (200) verbindet; und der Druckentlastungsstromdurchlass (120) den Gasspeicherbehälter (110) und den niederdruckseitigen Stromdurchlass der Kühlschleife (200) verbindet.
  2. Kohlendioxid-Kühlsystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Druckentlastungsstromdurchlass (120) den Gasspeicherbehälter (110) und einen Stromdurchlass zwischen dem Kondensator (220) und dem Drosselelement (230) der Kühlschleife (200) verbindet; oder der Druckentlastungsstromdurchlass den Gasspeicherbehälter und einen Stromdurchlass zwischen dem Kondensator und dem Kompressor der Kühlschleife verbindet.
  3. Kohlendioxid-Kühlsystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Druckentlastungsstromdurchlass (120) den Gasspeicherbehälter (110) und einen Stromdurchlass zwischen dem Verdampfer (240) und dem Kompressor (210) der Kühlschleife (200) verbindet; oder der Druckentlastungsstromdurchlass den Gasspeicherbehälter und einen Stromdurchlass zwischen dem Verdampfer und dem Drosselelement (230) der Kühlschleife verbindet.
  4. Kohlendioxid-Kühlsystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rückgewinnungsstromdurchlass (130) den Gasspeicherbehälter (110) und den niederdruckseitigen Stromdurchlass der Kühlschleife (200) verbindet.
  5. Kohlendioxid-Kühlsystem nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rückgewinnungsstromdurchlass (130) den Gasspeicherbehälter (110) und den Stromdurchlass zwischen dem Verdampfer (240) und dem Kompressor (210) der Kühlschleife (200) verbindet.
  6. Kohlendioxid-Kühlsystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlschleife (200) weiter einen Gas-Flüssigkeits-Abscheider (250) umfasst, der zwischen dem Verdampfer (240) und dem Kompressor (210) angeordnet ist; und dass der Rückgewinnungsstromdurchlass den Gasspeicherbehälter (110) und einen Stromdurchlass zwischen dem Verdampfer und dem Gas-Flüssigkeits-Abscheider der Kühlschleife verbindet.
  7. Kohlendioxid-Kühlsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am Druckentlastungsstromdurchlass (120) ein elektromagnetisches Ventil (123, 124) zum Steuern des Ein- und Ausschaltens des Stromdurchlasses angeordnet ist.
  8. Kohlendioxid-Kühlsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am Rückgewinnungsstromdurchlass (130) ein Rückschlagventil (132) zur Verhinderung des Rückflusses angeordnet ist.
  9. Steuerungsverfahren für das Kohlendioxid-Kühlsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, umfassend:
    einen Druckentlastungssteuerungsschritt S100, der umfasst:
    einen Einschaltschritt S110: wenn ein Druck des hochdruckseitigen Stromdurchlasses nicht kleiner als ein erster voreingestellter Druck ist, und wenn ein Druck des niederdruckseitigen Stromdurchlasses nicht kleiner als ein dritter voreingestellter Druck ist, Einschalten des Druckentlastungsstromdurchlasses (120);
    einen Abschaltschritt S120: wenn der Druck des hochdruckseitigen Stromdurchlasses nicht größer als ein zweiter voreingestellter Druck ist, und wenn der Druck des niederdruckseitigen Stromdurchlasses nicht größer als ein vierter voreingestellter Druck ist, Abschalten des Druckentlastungsstromdurchlasses (120); und
    einen Aufrechterhaltungsschritt S130: wenn der Druck des hochdruckseitigen Stromdurchlasses kleiner als der erste voreingestellte Druck und größer als der zweite voreingestellte Druck ist, und wenn der Druck des niederdruckseitigen Stromdurchlasses kleiner als der dritte voreingestellte Druck und größer als der vierte voreingestellte Druck ist, Aufrechterhalten eines aktuellen Ein/Aus-Zustands des Druckentlastungsstromdurchlasses (120); und/oder
    einen Schritt S200 zur Steuerung der Kühlmittelrückgewinnung, der umfasst:
    S210: wenn der Kompressor (210) der Kühlschleife (200) arbeitet und ein Druck des Gasspeicherbehälters (110) nicht kleiner als ein fünfter voreingestellter Druck ist, Betreiben der Antriebseinrichtung (131) im Rückgewinnungsstromdurchlass (130);
    S220: wenn der Druck des Gasspeicherbehälters (110) nicht höher ist als ein sechster voreingestellter Druck, Stoppen der Antriebseinrichtung (131) im Rückgewinnungsstromdurchlass (130);
    S230: wenn der Druck des Gasspeicherbehälters (110) größer als der sechste voreingestellte Druck und kleiner als der fünfte voreingestellte Druck ist, Aufrechterhalten eines aktuellen Arbeitszustands der Antriebseinrichtung (131); und
    S240: wenn der Kompressor (210) der Kühlschleife (200) den Betrieb stoppt, Stoppen der Antriebseinrichtung (131) im Rückgewinnungsstromdurchlass (130).
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CN115751756B (zh) * 2022-11-28 2024-04-30 南京五洲制冷集团有限公司 一种利用高压储气发电的co2载冷剂储能供冷系统

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