EP3578730A1 - Herstellungsverfahren von betontreppen, und mit diesem verfahren erzeugte betontreppen - Google Patents

Herstellungsverfahren von betontreppen, und mit diesem verfahren erzeugte betontreppen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3578730A1
EP3578730A1 EP19164856.7A EP19164856A EP3578730A1 EP 3578730 A1 EP3578730 A1 EP 3578730A1 EP 19164856 A EP19164856 A EP 19164856A EP 3578730 A1 EP3578730 A1 EP 3578730A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
concrete
mold
lower mold
cover
volume
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP19164856.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3578730B1 (de
Inventor
Bernard Michel
Benoit TATTEGRAIN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PBM Groupe SAS
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PBM Groupe SAS
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Publication of EP3578730A1 publication Critical patent/EP3578730A1/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
    • E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/0275—Feeding a slurry or a ceramic slip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/22—Moulds for making units for prefabricated buildings, i.e. units each comprising an important section of at least two limiting planes of a room or space, e.g. cells; Moulds for making prefabricated stair units
    • B28B7/225—Moulds for making units for prefabricated buildings, i.e. units each comprising an important section of at least two limiting planes of a room or space, e.g. cells; Moulds for making prefabricated stair units for making stairs or stair units comprising more than one step
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
    • E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
    • E04F11/022—Stairways; Layouts thereof characterised by the supporting structure
    • E04F11/032—Spiral stairways supported by a central column
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
    • E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
    • E04F2011/0203—Miscellaneous features of stairways not otherwise provided for
    • E04F2011/0205—Stairways characterised by the use of specific materials for the supporting structure of the treads
    • E04F2011/021—Stairways characterised by the use of specific materials for the supporting structure of the treads mainly of stone or stone like materials, e.g. concrete; mainly of glass
    • E04F2011/0212—Stairways characterised by the use of specific materials for the supporting structure of the treads mainly of stone or stone like materials, e.g. concrete; mainly of glass mainly of concrete
    • E04F2011/0214—Stairways characterised by the use of specific materials for the supporting structure of the treads mainly of stone or stone like materials, e.g. concrete; mainly of glass mainly of concrete cast in situ

Definitions

  • the invention relates, in the first place, to a method for the realization on site or in the factory of concrete staircases, more particularly but not limited to the central drum type.
  • the invention also relates to concrete stairs obtained by the aforementioned method.
  • the first step is the establishment of a mold, defining a central column to form the drum.
  • the latter is made by casting concrete through the upper end of the mold defining such a central shaft. Then the concrete is poured on the areas of the mold to define the steps and risers. The concrete thus deposited is vibrated, then the operator equalizes the steps thus made including using a shovel or a trowel, then smooth concrete not yet massed with a trowel.
  • the finish must be strong enough to allow repeated passages of users without any wear or burst related to the presence of air bubbles. This explains the need for the presence of at least two layers of plaster, thereby increasing the loss of time.
  • the document CN 206170284 discloses a method of manufacturing a staircase from a mold.
  • the mold is thus available in several parts, including a bottom giving their shape to different steps and risers, side walls, a top cover closing the mold and constituting the future underside of the stairs. These different parts are then assembled to form a mold in which concrete is poured.
  • the staircase is manufactured not in position, so directly in operational mode for example on the site in question, but upside down.
  • the air bubbles that rise to the surface of the concrete are then found on the underside of the stairs. They are no longer on the surface of the steps and the passage of users is no longer a problem for the maintenance of the coating layer ensuring the finish.
  • the finishing step turns out to be much less crucial.
  • the prescribers of this type of staircase claiming a finished product free of any defects, including at the level of the lower face of the staircase, that is to say of the face opposite to that receiving the steps.
  • the method described does not allow the realization of the staircase in place in its final location, and secondly, it allows the manufacture of a single step height mold, and therefore involves having as many molds as stair types to achieve.
  • the present invention provides a method for obtaining a stone staircase or balanced barrel, or not, finished out of the mold, and requiring only very minor retouching, reducing the arduousness and dangerousness of work on the mold while allowing the manufacture of several step heights per mold.
  • the invention is directed to a method for producing on one-piece concrete staircases, in particular but not exclusively of the central drum type, using a closed mold composed of a lower mold and a top mold. or hood, defining between them a volume intended to be filled with concrete.
  • the invention consists first of all in implementing a closed mold, whose shape corresponds to the shape of the staircase to be made, and on the other hand, to inject the concrete with a consistency much more liquid than the traditional concretes used for the stairs, from the bottom end of the mold in an upward movement, in particular by means of a suitable pump, and more particularly a peristaltic pump.
  • Self-placing concrete therefore does not need to be vibrated, usually a very physical and painful operation, and has a greatly reduced number of air bubbles, making it possible to obtain a smoother finished product on the surface.
  • the various constituent elements of the upper mold or hood may consist of several sectors, in order to promote, on the one hand, their production, on the other hand their displacement, their storage, their implementation on the site and their demolding.
  • the internal face of the upper mold or hood that is to say the surface called to define the shape of the different steps and risers of the future staircase, is coated, in particular by spraying, with a mortar, prior to the injection of the self-placing concrete.
  • This mortar is mainly intended to trap the air resulting from the setting concrete mass between said concrete and mortar.
  • the mortar which is distinguished from concrete by the absence of gravel in its constitution, comes to form a perfectly smooth layer in contact with the inner wall of the hood.
  • the self-placing concrete is then injected into the mold and comes into contact with the mortar.
  • the last remaining air bubbles are trapped between the top of the concrete and the bottom of the mortar. They no longer appear on the surface of the walk, which appears smooth.
  • the inner wall of the cover is covered with mortar before mounting the cover on the lower mold. More advantageously, said mortar is sprayed on this surface, thereby reducing the preparation time of the mold cover.
  • the lower and upper molds or bonnet are pre-coated, on their internal face, that is to say on their face intended to receive the self-placing concrete, a component capable of promoting demolding, and in particular demolding oil.
  • the demolding oil is previously deposited on said inner face.
  • the concrete is injected from the base of a column, able to define said central casing, said column communicating with the volume defined by the two molds respectively lower and upper, by means of through lights.
  • the concrete being injected at the base or lower end of the column rises in it and, as and when, fills the volume defined by the two molds, so as to obtain a staircase of character monobloc also integrating the central shaft.
  • the self-placing concrete used belongs to the SF2 class (spread between 660 mm and 750 mm), or to the SF3 class (spread between 760 mm and 850 mm), these two classes being defined by the NF EN 206 standard, the spreading being a test described by standard NF EN 12350-8.
  • stiffeners are integrated and fixed to the lower mold before placing the mold or upper cover.
  • the invention also relates to monobloc concrete stairs implementing the method described above.
  • the figure 1 therefore represents the fundamental elements for the realization of a monobloc staircase free from any central shaft, and in this case a bench-top staircase.
  • reference (1) designates the staircase resulting from the implementation of the method according to the invention
  • reference (2) designates the lower mold
  • references (3) and (4) designate two sectors of the hood or upper mold, intended to cooperate with the lower mold (2).
  • the method of the invention is aimed at producing a one-piece concrete staircase in position.
  • the lower mold is fixed to the ground to prevent lifting during demolding of the staircase.
  • This lower mold typically made of steel, has in this case a flat and inclined bottom (5), since as well, the underside of the staircase has no specific technical function.
  • the lower mold (2) is intended to receive a hood or upper mold (3) and (4), also steel, whose shape specifically corresponds to the different steps and risers of the staircase to achieve.
  • the upper cover (3) and (4) is therefore intended to be positioned on the lower mold (2), the latter being provided for this purpose with lateral cutouts (6) able to receive in support of said upper cover (3) and ( 4) of corresponding form, and this, as already said, to define the steps and risers.
  • the fixation of the upper mold or cover on the lower mold is obtained by means of bolts and centerers distributed along the central shaft on the one hand, and at the outer edges, by means of rods and nuts or bolts. associated with centrers.
  • This concrete is of the self-placing type of SF2 minimum class, that is to say, having a spreading at Abrham cones greater than 660 mm.
  • the objective of such a relatively liquid concrete is, on the one hand, to allow its rise within the mold, in particular by implementing a peristaltic pump and, on the other hand, to reduce macro-bubbling, a constituent element one of the disadvantages of the methods of the prior art.
  • such a concrete has a grit / sand ratio of between 0.5 and 1.4, typically close to 1.
  • the cement a key element of the concrete, is dosed between 280 and 500 kg / m 3 of concrete, and typically close to 340 kg / m 3 .
  • the equivalent water / binder ratio in the sense of the EN206 standard is 0.3 to 0.6, typically close to 0.5.
  • Such a concrete is also likely to receive additives in the sense of standard EN206 of the dairy type, metakaolin, fly ash, calcareous filler, to complete the particle size, optimize the costs or mechanical performance.
  • a super-plasticizer or water reducer with a dosage close to 3 l / m 3 .
  • a superplasticizer thus added may be of the high water reduction type, such as a polycarboxylate.
  • a demolding oil may consist of a solvent (for example sold under the reference Grace wax E-31), a synthetic oil (for example marketed under the reference Chryso Dem Oléo 64), a vegetable oil or vegetable-based (for example marketed under the reference Grace Decobio S33).
  • the inner face of the hoods (3) and (4) is coated, in particular by spraying, that is to say, including at the level of what will be the step and the riser of the staircase, a mortar intended as already said to include imprison any bubbles resulting from the concrete between said mortar and concrete, besides promoting the appearance of the steps.
  • the demolding oil having previously coated the inner face of said covers (3) and (4) is chosen so that the mortar adheres to the fresh state on the hood, but not to the hardened state. It may be an oil of the type previously described. This oil is selected precisely following the completion of various tests, during which we observe the possible detachment of the mortar from the mold and micro-bubbling phenomena or tasks that can appear on the siding. The selection of the oil therefore depends on locally available materials to manufacture the mortar, concrete and equipment used for the application (spraying, scraping or not).
  • the lower mold (2) comprises, in its central position, a column portion, intended to cooperate with the upper covers, each provided with a complementary column portion with that of the lower mold, in order to define a cylinder (in the case of circular base case) adapted to define the shaft or central core.
  • stiffening elements (10) in this case both horizontal and vertical.
  • stiffeners have the main function to resume the thrust of the concrete resulting from the injection, especially at the lower level. This thrust of the concrete is exerted perpendicular to all surfaces, and it may be necessary to block the vertical forces but also horizontal, in particular to avoid rotation of the hoods during the injection of concrete.
  • stiffeners may consist of tubular reinforcing bars, in particular of square cross-section, disposed on the top cover, vertically to each of the risers, the diagonals of the square sections being oriented respectively in the horizontal and in the vertical direction.
  • the stiffeners can also result from an assembly of folded and welded sheets.
  • These stiffeners can be fixed with a rod / nut clamping, by means of a profile notched for this purpose, allowing a certain flexibility in the initial positioning of the cover, and the inclination of the profiles at 45 ° allows a good recovery of the horizontal forces and vertical. The tightening then tends to position the hood in the optimum position.
  • the invention relates to monobloc concrete stairs cast in position obtained by the method of the invention. If the mechanical properties of these stairs do not differ or little from the stairs made with the traditional production methods, on the other hand they have a state of finishing very much improved, because of the absence or near-absence of micro-bubbling bursting on the upper surface of the steps, generating a considerable gain in terms of duration of implementation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Steps, Ramps, And Handrails (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
EP19164856.7A 2018-06-04 2019-03-25 Herstellungsverfahren von betontreppen, und mit diesem verfahren erzeugte betontreppen Active EP3578730B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1854813A FR3081896B1 (fr) 2018-06-04 2018-06-04 Procede pour la realisation d'escaliers en beton et escalier obtenu par ce procede

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3578730A1 true EP3578730A1 (de) 2019-12-11
EP3578730B1 EP3578730B1 (de) 2022-01-19

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EP19164856.7A Active EP3578730B1 (de) 2018-06-04 2019-03-25 Herstellungsverfahren von betontreppen, und mit diesem verfahren erzeugte betontreppen

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EP (1) EP3578730B1 (de)
FR (1) FR3081896B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3110188B1 (fr) 2020-05-15 2022-04-29 Pbm Groupe Procede pour la realisation d’une structure ou d’une partie de structure monobloc tridimensionnelle en beton et structure ou partie de structure tridimensionnelle en beton ainsi obtenue

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05287901A (ja) * 1992-04-14 1993-11-02 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd 階段の構築方法
FR2765604A1 (fr) * 1997-07-04 1999-01-08 Marc Claude Voisine Procede d'escalier helicoidal en beton moule pour hauteur d'etage par elements juxtaposables et superposables a fut central et parois exterieures incorporees
EP0987381A1 (de) * 1998-09-18 2000-03-22 Stefan Schmid Treppe
FR2801620A1 (fr) * 1999-11-30 2001-06-01 Holding Pbm Escalier droit prefabrique en beton
EP2395182A1 (de) * 2010-06-08 2011-12-14 Thomas Choquet Schnellverschalungsverfahren und -vorrichtung für Wendeltreppe mit Aufstellung eines zentralen Treppenkerns
CN206170284U (zh) 2016-11-08 2017-05-17 江苏金贸科技发展有限公司 带有夹板的预制楼梯模具

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05287901A (ja) * 1992-04-14 1993-11-02 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd 階段の構築方法
FR2765604A1 (fr) * 1997-07-04 1999-01-08 Marc Claude Voisine Procede d'escalier helicoidal en beton moule pour hauteur d'etage par elements juxtaposables et superposables a fut central et parois exterieures incorporees
EP0987381A1 (de) * 1998-09-18 2000-03-22 Stefan Schmid Treppe
FR2801620A1 (fr) * 1999-11-30 2001-06-01 Holding Pbm Escalier droit prefabrique en beton
EP2395182A1 (de) * 2010-06-08 2011-12-14 Thomas Choquet Schnellverschalungsverfahren und -vorrichtung für Wendeltreppe mit Aufstellung eines zentralen Treppenkerns
CN206170284U (zh) 2016-11-08 2017-05-17 江苏金贸科技发展有限公司 带有夹板的预制楼梯模具

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Publication number Publication date
EP3578730B1 (de) 2022-01-19
FR3081896B1 (fr) 2020-06-19
FR3081896A1 (fr) 2019-12-06

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