EP3569546A1 - Aufzugssicherheitsgetriebe - Google Patents

Aufzugssicherheitsgetriebe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3569546A1
EP3569546A1 EP18173259.5A EP18173259A EP3569546A1 EP 3569546 A1 EP3569546 A1 EP 3569546A1 EP 18173259 A EP18173259 A EP 18173259A EP 3569546 A1 EP3569546 A1 EP 3569546A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
face
safety gear
elevator
actuator
elevator safety
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18173259.5A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ruben Sanchez Munoz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Otis Elevator Co
Original Assignee
Otis Elevator Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Otis Elevator Co filed Critical Otis Elevator Co
Priority to EP18173259.5A priority Critical patent/EP3569546A1/de
Publication of EP3569546A1 publication Critical patent/EP3569546A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces
    • B66B5/22—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces by means of linearly-movable wedges

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an elevator safety gear.
  • the invention also relates to an elevator car and to an elevator counterweight respectively comprising an elevator safety gear.
  • the invention further relates to an elevator system comprising such an elevator car and/or such a counterweight.
  • An elevator system typically comprises at least one elevator car moving along a hoistway extending between a plurality of landings, and a driving member configured for driving the elevator car.
  • the elevator system may further include a counterweight moving concurrently and in opposite direction with respect to the elevator car.
  • the elevator system further comprises at least one safety gear ("elevator safety gear").
  • An elevator safety gear is configured for braking the movement of the elevator car and/or of the counterweight relative to a guide member, such as a guide rail, in an emergency situation, in particular when the movement of the elevator car and/or of the counterweight exceeds a predetermined velocity or acceleration.
  • an elevator safety gear comprises an engagement member, an actuator member, and a force transfer member.
  • the force transfer member is arranged between the engagement member and the actuator member.
  • the engagement member is wedge-shaped including an engagement face and an opposing actuated face.
  • the engagement face extends in a longitudinal direction, which is oriented parallel to a guide member of an elevator system, and is configured for engaging with said guide member.
  • the actuated face is inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction.
  • the actuator member comprises an actuation face oriented towards the actuated face of the engagement member and being inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction.
  • the force transfer member is sandwiched between the engagement member and the actuator member.
  • the force transfer member is also wedge-shaped comprising a first face extending parallel to the actuated face of the engagement member and a second face extending parallel to the actuation face of the actuator member.
  • the engagement member, the force transfer member and the actuator member constitute a mechanism amplifying an actuating force F a applied to the actuator member using the lever effect and generating an engagement force Fb which is considerably larger than the actuating force F a .
  • the elevator safety gear can be activated, i.e. the engagement member can be pressed against the guide member with an engagement force F b , by applying a smaller actuating force F a ⁇ Fb to the actuator member.
  • a relatively small actuator may be employed. Using a small actuator allows reducing the weight and the dimensions of the elevator safety gear.
  • the safety gears according to exemplary embodiments of the invention are of the self-braking type. Once actuated, the interaction of the engagement member, the force transfer member and the actuator member will cause a wedging effect. The wedging effect is driven by friction between the engagement member and the guide member.
  • Exemplary embodiments of the invention also include an elevator car comprising at least one elevator safety gear according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • Exemplary embodiments of the invention further include a counterweight for an elevator system comprising at least one elevator safety gear according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • Exemplary embodiments of the invention also include an elevator system comprising at least one elevator car according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention and/or at least one counterweight according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • Exemplary embodiments of the invention further include a method of actuating an elevator safety gear according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, wherein the method includes exerting an actuating force onto the actuator element.
  • the method in particular may include exerting the actuating force in the longitudinal direction, i.e. parallel to the guide member.
  • the first face of the force transfer member may abut against the actuated face of the engagement member and/or the second face of the force transfer member may abut against the actuation face of the actuator member also in an idle state, i.e. in a state in which the elevator safety gear is not activated.
  • an idle state i.e. in a state in which the elevator safety gear is not activated.
  • the actuation face of the actuator member may be elastically movable in a direction transverse, in particular orthogonal, to the longitudinal direction.
  • An elastically supported actuation face of the actuator member allows for a soft activation of the elevator safety gear.
  • a soft activation of the elevator safety gear reduces the risk of injury for passengers within the elevator car.
  • a soft activation of the elevator safety gear also reduces the risk of damaging components of the elevator system due to (too) large braking forces.
  • the actuation face of the actuator member in particular may be supported elastically by an appropriate elastic element, e.g. by a spiral spring or by an elastic element made of an elastic material including metal and/or plastic.
  • the force transfer member may be supported so that it is not able to move in the longitudinal direction.
  • the force transfer member in particular may be supported so that it is movable only in a plane extending orthogonally to the longitudinal direction, i.e. orthogonally to the extension of the guide member. Such a configuration allows for a very efficient force transfer from the actuator member to the engagement member by the force transfer member.
  • the actuated face of the engagement member may be oriented at an angle ⁇ of 0° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 10°, particularly at an angle 2,5° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 7,5°, more particularly at an angle ⁇ of 5,4° with respect to the longitudinal direction / guide member.
  • the actuation face of the actuator member may be oriented at an angle ⁇ of 0° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 40°, particularly at an angle 15° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 30°, more particularly at an angle ⁇ of 20° with respect to the longitudinal direction / guide member.
  • Angles ⁇ and ⁇ in the mentioned ranges have been found as being particularly efficient for amplifying the actuating force applied to the actuator member.
  • the elevator safety gear may further comprise an actuator, e.g. an electric, mechanic, hydraulic, pneumatic actuator, which is configured for actuating the actuator element by exerting an actuating force onto the actuator element.
  • the actuator in particular may be configured for applying an actuating force in the longitudinal direction.
  • a relatively small and light actuator may be used as the actuating force applied by the actuator to the actuator member.
  • the actuator may be configured for moving the actuator element over a relatively small distance of 1 mm to 5 mm, in particular over a distance of 2 mm to 3 mm.
  • At least one of the actuation face, the actuated face, the first face and the second face may be provided with a low friction coefficient in order to reduce the friction between the engagement member, the force transfer member and the actuator member, respectively.
  • Said at least one face with a low friction coefficient in particular may be formed by applying a coating having a low friction coefficient to at least one face of at least one of the members.
  • a lubricant such as oil or grease may be applied to the first face of the force transfer member and the actuated face of the engagement member and/or to the second face of the force transfer member and the actuation face of the actuator member, respectively.
  • Figure 1 schematically depicts an elevator system 2 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the elevator system 2 includes an elevator car 60 movably arranged within a hoistway 4 extending between a plurality of landings 8.
  • the elevator car 60 in particular is movable along a plurality of car guide members 14, such as guide rails, extending along the longitudinal (vertical) direction of the hoistway 4. Only one of said car guide members 14 is visible in Figure 1 .
  • elevator car 60 Although only one elevator car 60 is depicted in Figure 1 , the skilled person will understand that exemplary embodiments of the invention may include elevator systems 2 having a plurality of elevator cars 60 moving in one or more hoistways 4.
  • the elevator car 60 is movably suspended by means of a tension member 3.
  • the tension member 3 for example a rope or belt, is connected to a drive unit 5, which is configured for driving the tension member 3 in order to move the elevator car 60 along the height of the hoistway 4 between the plurality of landings 8, which are located on different floors.
  • Each landing 8 is provided with a landing door 11, and the elevator car 60 is provided with a corresponding elevator car door 12 for allowing passengers to transfer between a landing 8 and the interior of the elevator car 60 when the elevator car 60 is positioned at the respective landing 8.
  • the exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 1 uses a 1:1 roping for suspending the elevator car 60.
  • the skilled person easily understands that the type of the roping is not essential for the invention and that different kinds of roping, e.g. a 2:1 roping or a 4:1 roping may be used as well.
  • the elevator system 2 includes further a counterweight 19 attached to the tension member 3 and moving concurrently and in opposite direction with respect to the elevator car 6 along at least one counterweight guide member 15.
  • a counterweight 19 attached to the tension member 3 and moving concurrently and in opposite direction with respect to the elevator car 6 along at least one counterweight guide member 15.
  • the tension member 3 may be a rope, e.g. a steel wire rope, or a belt.
  • the tension member 3 may be uncoated or may have a coating, e.g. in the form of a polymer jacket.
  • the tension member 3 may be a belt comprising a plurality of polymer coated steel cords (not shown).
  • the elevator system 2 may have a traction drive including a traction sheave for driving the tension member 3.
  • the elevator system 2 may be an elevator system 2 without a tension member 103, comprising e.g. a hydraulic drive or a linear drive.
  • the elevator system 2 may have a machine room (not shown) or may be a machine room-less elevator system.
  • the drive unit 5 is controlled by an elevator control unit (not shown) for moving the elevator car 60 along the hoistway 4 between the different landings 8.
  • Input to the control unit may be provided via landing control panels 7a, which are provided on each landing 8 close to the landing doors 11, and/or via an elevator car control panel 7b, which is provided inside the elevator car 60.
  • the landing control panels 7a and the elevator car control panel 7b may be connected to the elevator control unit by means of electric wires, which are not shown in Figure 1 , in particular by an electric bus, or by means of wireless data connections.
  • the elevator car 60 is equipped with at least one elevator safety gear 20, which is schematically illustrated at the elevator car 60.
  • the counterweight 19 may be equipped with at least one elevator safety gear 20.
  • An elevator safety gear 20 attached to the counterweight 19, however, is not shown in Figure 1 .
  • the elevator safety gear 20 is operable to brake or at least assist in braking (i.e. slowing or stopping the movement) of the elevator car 60 relative to a car guide member 14 by engaging with the car guide member 14.
  • braking i.e. slowing or stopping the movement
  • FIG 2 is an enlarged perspective view of an elevator car 60 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the elevator car 60 comprises a structural frame comprising vertically extending uprights 61 and crossbars 63 extending horizontally between the uprights 61. Only one upright 61 is visible in Figure 2 .
  • the elevator car 60 further includes a car roof 62, a car floor 64 and a plurality of car side walls 66.
  • the car roof 62, the car floor 64 and the plurality of side walls 66 define an interior space 68 for accommodating and carrying passengers 70 and/or cargo (not shown).
  • An elevator safety gear 20 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention is attached to an upright 61 of the elevator car 60.
  • elevator safety gear 20 Although only one elevator safety gear 20 is depicted in Figures 1 and 2 , respectively, the skilled person will understand that a plurality of safety gears 20 may be mounted to a single elevator car 60. In particular, in a configuration in which the elevator system 2 comprises a plurality of car guide members 14, an elevator safety gear 20 may be associated with each car guide member 14.
  • two or more elevator safety gears 20 may be provided on top of each other at the same upright 61 of the elevator car 60 in order to engage with the same car guide member 14.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic sectional view of an elevator safety gear 20 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic sectional view of an elevator safety gear according to another exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the elevator safety gear 20 comprises an engagement member 26 with an engagement face 23 extending in the longitudinal direction basically parallel to the car guide member 14.
  • the engagement face 23 faces the car guide member 14 and is configured for engaging with the car guide member 14.
  • the engagement member 26 has an actuated face 25 facing away from the car guide member 14.
  • the actuated face 25 is inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction.
  • the actuated face 25 in particular is inclined at an angle 0° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 10° (see Figure 3 ), more particularly at an angle 2,5° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 7,5°, e.g. at an angle ⁇ of 5,4° with respect to the longitudinal direction.
  • the elevator safety gear 20 further comprises an actuator member 30 with an actuation face 31 oriented towards the actuated face 25 of the engagement member 26.
  • the actuation face 31 is inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction at an angle ⁇ (see Figure 3 ) .
  • the angle ⁇ of the actuation face 31 differs from the angle ⁇ of the actuated face 25 ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ).
  • the angle ⁇ in particular is larger than the angle ⁇ ( ⁇ > ⁇ ).
  • the actuation face 31 in particular may be inclined at an angle 10° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 40°, more particularly at an 15° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 30°, e.g. at an angle ⁇ of 20° with respect to the longitudinal direction.
  • a force transfer member 28 is sandwiched between the engagement member 26 and the actuator member 30.
  • the force transfer member 28 comprises a first face 27 (shown on the left side in Figures 3 and 4 ) facing and extending parallel to the actuated face 25 of the engagement member 26 and an opposing second face 29 (shown on the right side in Figures 3 and 4 ) facing and extending parallel to the actuation face 31 of the actuator member 30.
  • the extension (height) a 1 (see Figure 3 ) of the engagement member 26 and the force transfer member 28 in the longitudinal direction may be in the range of 20 mm to 80 mm, in particular in the range of 30 mm to 70 mm, more particularly in the range of 50 mm to 60 mm.
  • the extensions (widths) b 1 , c 1 (see Figure 3 ) of the engagement member 26 in the horizontal direction may be in the range of 10 mm to 30 mm,in particular in the range of 15 mm to 25 mm, and the extensions (widths) b 2 , c 2 (see Figure 3 ) of the force transfer member 28 in the horizontal direction may be in the range of 10 mm to 50 mm, respectively.
  • the extension (height) a 3 (see Figure 3 ) of the actuator member 30 in the longitudinal direction may be in the range of 10 mm to 60 mm, in particular 20 mm to 40 mm, more particularly 30 mm, and the extensions (widths) b 3 , c 3 (see Figure 3 ) of the actuator member 30 in the horizontal direction may be in the range of 10 mm to 50 mm, respectively.
  • the elevator safety gear 20 comprises a support 32 supporting the actuator member 30, so that it is not movable in the horizontal direction.
  • the actuation face 31 of the actuator member 30 may be supported elastically with respect to the support 32 by means of at least one elastic element 36, e.g. by a spring, arranged between said support 32 and the actuation face 31 of the actuator member 30, as schematically illustrated in Figure 3 .
  • the actuator member 30, for example, may be split into two parts as depicted in Figure 4 , a first part 30a being fixed to the support 32, and a second part 30b comprising the actuation face 31, the second part 30b being elastically coupled with the first part 30a by the at least one elastic element 36.
  • the second face 29 of the force transfer member 28 abuts against the actuation face 31 of the actuator member 30, and the actuated face 25 of the engagement member 26 abuts against the first face 27 of the force transfer member 28.
  • the engagement member 26, the force transfer member 28 and the actuator member 30, however, are movable in a plane extending transversely, in particular orthogonally, to the longitudinal direction, respectively. I.e. the engagement member 26, the force transfer member 28 and the force transfer member 28 are movable transversely to the extension of the guide member 14.
  • the elevator safety gear 20 further comprises an actuator 38 configured for selectively exerting an actuating force F a onto the actuator member 30.
  • the actuating force F a in particular may be oriented in the longitudinal direction, i.e. parallel to the guide member 14.
  • the engagement member 26 contacts the car guide member 14 and friction between the engagement member 26 and the car guide member 14 pulls the engagement member 26 in the longitudinal direction (upwards in Figures 3 and 4 ).
  • the engagement member 26 is wedged and clamped between the car guide member 14 and the force transfer member 28 braking the movement of the elevator safety gear 20, and thus also the movement of the elevator car 60 to which the elevator safety gear 20 is mounted, along the car guide member 14.
  • the combination of the engagement member 26, the force transfer member 28 and the actuator member 30 acts as a lever mechanism amplifying the actuating force F a applied by the actuator 38.
  • the engagement member 26 is pressed against the car guide member 14 with an engagement force F b which is approximately ten times larger than the actuating force F a supplied by the actuator 38.
  • a small and cheap actuator 38 providing only a small actuating force F a may be employed.
  • Using a small actuator 38 further allows reducing the weight and the dimensions of the elevator safety gear 20.
  • angles ⁇ , ⁇ may be varied in order to modify the lever ratio, i.e. the amplification of the actuating force F a , according to the respective needs.
  • At least one of the actuation face 31, the actuated face 25, the first face 27 and the second face 29 may be provided with a low friction coefficient in order to reduce the friction between the engagement member 26, the force transfer member 28 and the actuator member 30, respectively.
  • Said at least one face 25, 27, 29, 31 having a low friction coefficient in particular may be provided by applying a coating 40 with a low friction coefficient to at least one face of at least one of the members.
  • a lubricant 42 such as oil or grease may applied to the first face 27 of the force transfer member 28 and the actuated face 25 of the engagement member 26 and/or to the second face 29 of the force transfer member 28 and the actuation face 31 of the actuator member 30, respectively.
  • an elevator safety gear 20 attached to the elevator car 60 has been described with reference to Figures 2 to 4 , the skilled person will understand that an elevator safety gear 20 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention may also be arranged at a counterweight 19.
  • the engagement member 26 is configured for engaging with the counterweight guide member 15 instead of the car guide member 14.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
EP18173259.5A 2018-05-18 2018-05-18 Aufzugssicherheitsgetriebe Withdrawn EP3569546A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18173259.5A EP3569546A1 (de) 2018-05-18 2018-05-18 Aufzugssicherheitsgetriebe

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18173259.5A EP3569546A1 (de) 2018-05-18 2018-05-18 Aufzugssicherheitsgetriebe

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3569546A1 true EP3569546A1 (de) 2019-11-20

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EP18173259.5A Withdrawn EP3569546A1 (de) 2018-05-18 2018-05-18 Aufzugssicherheitsgetriebe

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EP (1) EP3569546A1 (de)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014065591A (ja) * 2012-09-27 2014-04-17 Hitachi Ltd 非常止め装置を備えたエレベーター
JP2015009981A (ja) * 2013-07-02 2015-01-19 株式会社日立製作所 エレベーター
CN105035907A (zh) * 2015-08-28 2015-11-11 杭州沪宁电梯配件有限公司 一种自动调整制动力的装置
WO2018020572A1 (ja) * 2016-07-26 2018-02-01 三菱電機株式会社 エレベータの非常止め装置
CN207330031U (zh) * 2017-08-25 2018-05-08 山西东迅自动化设备有限公司 一种电梯安全钳

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014065591A (ja) * 2012-09-27 2014-04-17 Hitachi Ltd 非常止め装置を備えたエレベーター
JP2015009981A (ja) * 2013-07-02 2015-01-19 株式会社日立製作所 エレベーター
CN105035907A (zh) * 2015-08-28 2015-11-11 杭州沪宁电梯配件有限公司 一种自动调整制动力的装置
WO2018020572A1 (ja) * 2016-07-26 2018-02-01 三菱電機株式会社 エレベータの非常止め装置
CN207330031U (zh) * 2017-08-25 2018-05-08 山西东迅自动化设备有限公司 一种电梯安全钳

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