EP3565669A1

EP3565669A1 - Crushing apparatus for crushing material to be crushed

Info

Publication number: EP3565669A1
Application number: EP18703892.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Ferdinand Doppstadt
Original assignee: Doppstadt Familienholding GmbH
Current assignee: Lig GmbH
Priority date: 2017-02-27
Filing date: 2018-01-19
Publication date: 2019-11-13
Anticipated expiration: 2038-01-19
Also published as: KR20190117572A; HUE050505T2; WO2018153541A1; US20200023375A1; EP3565669B1; CA3053431C; ES2807239T3; CA3053431A1; PL3565669T3; JP6957653B2; JP2020510532A; KR102532354B1; US11298705B2; BR112019017399A2; SI3565669T1; DE102017001813B3

Abstract

The invention relates to a crushing apparatus (1) for crushing material to be crushed, in particular for use in the field of recycling and waste processing, said apparatus comprising at least one crushing roller (2) that can rotate about a rotational axis (3), at least one drive device (4) for driving the crushing roller (2), and a frame (5) for supporting and mounting the crushing roller (2) and the drive device (4). According to the invention, the crushing roller (2) and the drive device (4) form a common assembly connected to at least one damping device (16) which is frictionally and/or elastically mounted in or on the frame (5).

Description

Crushing device for crushing comminuted material

The invention relates to a crushing device for crushing comminuted material, in particular for use in the field of recycling and waste processing, with at least one about an axis rotatable crushing roller, a drive means for driving the crushing roller and a frame for holding and supporting the crushing roller and the drive means , Crushing devices of the aforementioned type, which are used in particular in the heavy load area in waste recycling and waste processing, are already known from practice. They are usually operated at speeds in the range of up to 400 U / min. During operation of the respective crushing crushing material, which is also referred to as a substrate supplied. Depending on the intended use and the feed material, it may happen that the material to be comminuted can not easily be reduced to the desired shape. This can lead to spontaneous overload and extreme load peaks during operation. As a result, the comminution tools usually provided on the comminution cylinder can be heavily loaded and consequently damaged or even destroyed. Furthermore, load peaks of the aforementioned type also lead to unpredictable overload peaks in the transmissions usually associated with the drive device, which can lead to gearbox damage or even to gearbox destruction. In addition, overload peaks also contribute significantly to increasing the sound level of the operating and operating noise, which not only loads the operating personnel working in the area of the comminution device, but also residents, in the vicinity of which the comminution device is installed.

A disadvantage of the known crushing devices, moreover, that they have a relatively large size. This is not least because, due to the customary in the prior art training of the drive device with motor and gear a comparatively large width results, which ultimately requires that the known crushing devices can only be transported as a heavy load transport.

The object of the invention is therefore to avoid the disadvantages mentioned above.

CONFIRMATION COPY In order to achieve the above object, it is provided according to the invention in a comminution device of the type mentioned above that the comminution cylinder and the drive device are connected as a common subassembly to a damping device which is frictionally and / or elastically mounted in the frame. Unlike in the prior art, it is possible by frictionally and / or elastically mounted in the frame damping device that the crushing roller together with the drive device in case of overload, an evasive movement, preferably in the range of several millimeters, can perform the overload peaks occurring at the crushing roller or the crushing tools of the crushing roller avoids, but at least significantly reduced. The possible evasive movement of the crushing roller and the drive device, which are connected to a common assembly, ultimately leads to a relative movement between the "problematic" comminution material causing the overload and the comminution tools is possible in case of overload, so that the high overload peaks, such as they occur in the prior art with a rigid storage, can be avoided in the invention. This not only means that damage or even destruction of the drive device are excluded, the entire system can also be operated much quieter, so that the noise pollution of the operating personnel is largely reduced. The damping, that is, the possible evasive movement of the assembly relative to the frame, in the invention, on the one hand, made possible by the fact that the damping device is realized via a frictional connection. An alternative possibility is the elastic mounting of the damping device in the frame. The third possibility is that the frictional connection on the one hand and the elastic support on the other hand are realized in combination.

In order to realize the most extensive possible damping or decoupling of the assembly from the frame, it is provided according to the invention to design the damping device such that a movement of the comminuting roller in the axial and / or radial direction of the axis of rotation of the comminuting roller is possible. Ultimately, it can be ensured by the aforementioned embodiment, that the crushing roller can dodge in all three directions, if necessary, so the damping is ultimately possible in all directions.

In the embodiment according to the invention, it is in principle possible for the drive device to be effective either on only one side of the comminution cylinder or on both sides of the comminution cylinder. In the event that the front side On both sides of the crushing roller a drive device is provided, it is understood that the two drive means are synchronized via a corresponding control device. Regardless of whether one or two drive means are provided, it is provided in the invention that the crushing roller is mounted damped on both sides. This refinement according to the invention ultimately makes it possible for the comminution roller to carry out the necessary evasive movements to avoid overload peaks and to protect the comminuting tools without further ado. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the damping device has a particular annular-shaped flexible damping means, which is arranged in a corresponding receptacle of the frame frictionally and / or positively. In each case, a rotationally fixed arrangement of the damping means in the receptacle is preferred. Finally, the damping means may be designed in the manner of a wheel tire, which is then arranged in a corresponding to the outer shape of the wheel tire recording on the frame. The elasticity or stiffness of the damping means then results from an appropriate choice of material, which in any case has a flexible plastic, rubber, rubber or mixtures thereof.

To achieve a high frictional force between the damping means and the receptacle is provided in a preferred embodiment of the invention that the damping means on its (peripheral) outside and / or recording on its the damping means facing inside a surface structure and / or a coating with an elevated Having friction coefficients. Here, an increased friction coefficient is understood to mean a coefficient of friction of greater than 0.4. Material pairings of the damping agent and the receptacle are particularly preferred in which coefficients of friction of greater than 0.5 and in particular greater than 0.6 result.

As an alternative to the realization of a torsionally rigid frictional connection between the damping means and the receptacle, it is also possible in principle to realize a positive connection between these two components, in which case, however, at least the torsionally rigid connection of the damping means and the receptacle must be ensured. The elasticity is preferably achieved via the choice of material of the damping means. To realize the positive connection of the damping means with the receptacle are on the (peripheral) outside of the damping means in particular projections and / or depressions, while corresponding or corresponding recesses and / or projections are provided on the damping means facing the inside of the receptacle. In this case, the positive connection is then realized by engagement of the projections in the recesses, while a damping is achieved via the elasticity of the damping means.

Of particular advantage in connection with the present invention is that the stiffness of the damping means is automatically, but if necessary, manually adjustable. The invention is characterized in particular by the fact that the adjustability can also be adjusted during operation of the crushing roller. In this way, the damping can be adjusted as needed depending on the application. So if a material is crushed, which tends to cause less overload peaks, a relatively stiff damping can be adjusted. On the other hand, in the case of a comminution material which tends to result in overload peaks, a softer damping is to be set between the damping means and the receptacle.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the adjustability described above, it is provided that the damping means is designed as a hollow body which can be filled with a medium. The medium may be, for example, compressed air or a liquid, such as water or oil, wherein the liquid is then subjected to a corresponding pressure and supplied to the cavity of the hollow body. Depending on the pressure of the medium then the stiffness of the damping means can be adjusted.

In order to ensure proper operation of the shredding device according to the invention, a measuring device for measuring the pressure of the medium is provided in a further preferred embodiment of the invention. The measuring device is then preferably coupled to a control device which converts the respective measurement signal accordingly. For example, if the pressure is too low, this can lead to slippage or improper movement of the crushing roller during operation. On the other hand, if the pressure of the medium is too high, very high overload peaks can occur which, however, should be avoided according to the invention. Ultimately, a correction is then made as needed depending on the measured pressure value via the control device. The aforementioned control device can otherwise be coupled to a signal device via which a signal is emitted optically and / or acoustically when a pressure value of the medium lying outside the standard is determined. In addition, the control device may be coupled to a Äbschalteinrichtung the drive device. In this case, the drive device or a device upstream of the drive device for supplying the drive device can be switched off directly. The shutdown device thus serves either for direct or indirect shutdown of the drive device.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the control device is coupled to a filling device for filling or emptying the hollow body. If necessary, the pressure of the medium can be increased or decreased via the filling device.

For coupling the damping means with the drive means serves a so-called connection means. With the connecting means both the drive means and the damping means is firmly connected. In a constructive design of this inventive concept, the connecting means on the one hand on a flange plate for torsionally rigid connection with the drive means. Ultimately, the drive device is flanged to the flange plate and thus firmly connected. On the other hand, the connecting means has a hollow cylindrical attachment region fixedly connected to the flange plate, which is connected on the inside to the flange plate and on the outside to the damping means.

Although it is fundamentally advantageous to allow as large evasive movements as possible in order to achieve a good damping effect of the damping device, the evasive movement in damping must nevertheless be limited to a maximum value. The background is that usually a plurality of comminution tools are provided on the comminution cylinder. These ultimately interact with a corresponding counter-comb, which is attached directly or indirectly to the frame together. The tools are provided on the outer shell of the crushing roller blades or teeth that protrude beyond the roll shell. To the crushing tools on the crushing roller corresponds to the counter-comb, which has teeth with appropriate space. Due to the free spaces on the counter comb, the comminution tools are passed through during the rotation of the comminution cylinder. Usually, there is a gap or a clearance of less than 1 cm, usually in the range between 3 mm and 6 mm, between the teeth or projections of the counter-comb and the comminution tools. Accordingly, excessive evasive movements of the assembly with the comminuting roller cause the comminution tools to collide with the counter comb, which can lead to a lasting disruption of the comminution process or even damage to the comminution device. In this context, it is preferably provided according to the invention that at least one stop means is provided for limiting the axial and / or radial evasion movement of the comminution roller. It is understood that the stop means is designed such that, in principle, a movement of the assembly due to the damping device is possible, but that this movement corresponds to a maximum of the gap between the crushing tools and the counter-comb. Preferably, the stop means is designed such that the stop function at the latest then results when the gap or the distance between the crushing tools and the counter-comb has reduced during rotation of the roller to a maximum of 1 mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the stop means on a cylindrical or rod-shaped stopper body and a corresponding hollow or hollow cylindrical portion for engagement of the stopper body. It should be pointed out that the cylindrical stop can basically also be hollow-cylindrical. By the cooperation of the abutment portion with the hollow or hollow cylindrical portion a stop means is provided which acts both in the axial direction, namely when the stop body abuts with its front end face against the inner end face of the hollow or hollow cylindrical portion, as well as a stop in the radial direction, namely when the outside of the stopper body strikes the inside of the hollow or hollow cylindrical portion.

In a constructive embodiment of the aforementioned stop means is provided in a particular embodiment that the outer side closure of the receptacle, an outer support plate is provided on which the particular cylindrical stopper portion is provided, while the stopper body is attached to the flange plate of the connecting means. However, it is understood that in principle it is also possible to realize the aforementioned arrangement the other way around, wherein the abutment portion is then provided on the flange plate, while the hollow cylindrical or hollow stopper body is then provided on the support plate.

Alternatively or in addition to the abovementioned stop means may be provided to limit the movement of the crushing roller in the axial direction, a stop projection, which is ultimately provided on a bearing wall of the frame and has in the direction of the outer face of the crushing roller, if necessary, with the front side to interact with the crushing roller.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that at least one fixing device for fixing the damping means and / or the damping device and / or the connecting means with the connecting means, the fastening area and / or the flange plate, in particular form-locking and / or non-positive preferred torsionally stiff, connected. Consequently, the fixing device, the damping device, the damping means and / or the connecting means torsionally rigid at least indirectly connect to the frame and / or, preferably directly, with the recording. In this case, the fixing device may be formed as a torque arm.

The fixing device can have a fastening section and an operative section, in particular, wherein an at least substantially angular-like cross-sectional shape of the fixing device can result. The attachment portion may be connected to the connection means, the attachment area and / or the flange plate. In addition, the active portion at least indirectly interact with the bearing wall of the frame. Furthermore, the active section can cooperate with the receptacle and / or a support device arranged on the receptacle and firmly connected to the frame and / or, preferably, fixedly connected.

A torque arm generally refers to a machine element and is ultimately an independent component. The task of the torque arm or the fixing device is the interception of the differential torque - in this case the difference in torque between the damping means and the frame. The damping means is preferably rotatably arranged in the receptacle of the frame. The torque arm or the fixing device ensures in this case that the torsionally rigid connection can always be guaranteed - even at high loads of the damping means. For the arrangement of the active portion of the fixing means may be provided openings for engagement of screws of the fixing device on the receptacle, the bearing wall and / or the support means, wherein a plurality of openings may allow different attack positions of the fixing device, in particular of the active portion. In addition, a connection means may be provided for the arrangement of the active portion of the fixing device, wherein the connection means may be connected to the active portion and cooperate with the support means, the receptacle and / or the bearing wall. Furthermore, the attachment means, in particular positive and / or non-positive, preferably torsionally rigid, can be connected to the support device, the receptacle and / or the bearing wall.

For the arrangement of the fixing device, the angle with respect to the cutting engagement - rolling tooth or comminution tools for housing tooth or countercorn tooth - is of high procedural significance. The vertex of the angle data refers in the context of the present invention to the axis of rotation of the crushing roller. Particularly preferably, the fixing device, in particular the active portion of the fixing device, transversely and / or at least substantially arranged at a 90 ° angle to the cutting engagement. Furthermore, an adjustment of the fixing device can be provided by +/- 45 ° preferably starting from this position. In principle, it is ultimately conceivable to arrange the fixing device, in particular the active section, at any desired angle relative to the cutting engagement, wherein the fastening section of the fixing device is always connected to the flange plate, the fastening region and / or the connecting means.

Finally, it is understood that a plurality, preferably two, of fixation devices can be provided. In this case, the fixing devices can be arranged opposite one another and / or enclose an angle between 80 ° to 180 °, preferably between 100 ° to 180 °, more preferably between 140 ° to 180 °, further preferably between 160 ° to 180 °. Finally, starting from an included angle of 180 °, the arrangement of the second fixing device can be varied by +/- 100 °. To adjust the fixing device (s), a plurality of openings, preferably for the connection means, can be provided on the support device, the bearing wall and / or the receptacle. Preferably, a second fixing device is provided, which is in particular the first fixing device opposite via the connecting means with the or a second support means, the receptacle and / or the bearing wall is connected.

As a result, the freedom of movement and / or the avoidance behavior of the comminution roller is limited by the aforementioned fixing device and the damping device, preferably the damping means, securely fixed and torsionally rigid (indirectly or directly) connected to the frame and / or the drive device.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, which is particularly suitable and designed in combination with the damping device described above, it is provided that the drive device comprises a gearless motor. By this embodiment, a very compact and thus also easy crushing device is provided, which can be transported well because of their compactness. In particular, however, in connection with the damping device, the realization of a gearless motor of the drive device is advantageous, as in realization of a gear bes and possibly corresponding waves or belts a corresponding space requirement would be required, which in turn would lead to an enlarged recording for the damping device. Also, the overall unit to be connected to the damping device would ultimately be enlarged by at least one further element, namely the transmission, which could also impair the damping function.

In connection with the gearless motor, it is particularly appropriate to use either a hydraulic motor or an electric motor. Such motors can be used even if only relatively low speeds are required at a high torque, advantageous for the purpose of the invention, namely use in the field of recycling and waste processing. When using a hydraulic motor, in particular, a radial piston motor is suitable, which has the properties mentioned, namely a low rotational speed at a high torque.

When using a hydraulic motor of the drive means is associated with a hydraulic pumping device for the hydraulic motor, which is not part of the damped assembly. Incidentally, it makes sense to associate with the drive device a control device for speed control of the comminution cylinder via which, in particular, the control of the oil flow supplied by the hydraulic pump device takes place. In this way, depending on the purpose and feed the required speed of the crushing roller for crushing the crushed material can be adjusted in particular continuously.

Further features, advantages and possible applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments with reference to the drawings and the drawings themselves.

It shows

1 is a perspective view of a crushing device according to the invention,

2 is a side sectional view of the crushing device of FIG. 1,

3 is a perspective view of a crushing device according to the invention omitting various modules and components,

4 is a sectional view of the crushing device of FIG. 1,

5 is an enlarged view of the detail A of FIG. 4,

6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a further embodiment of a comminution device according to the invention,

7 shows a schematic perspective illustration of a further embodiment of a comminution device according to the invention,

8 is a schematic side view of the crushing device according to the invention from FIG. 7, FIG.

9 is a sectional view of the crushing device according to the invention from FIGS. 7 and 8, 10 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a part of a further embodiment of the comminution device according to the invention,

Fig. 1 1 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of a crushing device according to the invention and

FIG. 12 shows a schematic side view of the comminuting device according to the invention from FIG. 11.

Shown is a crushing device 1 for crushing not shown crushed. The comminution device 1 can be both a mobile device and a stationary device. The crushing device 1 can be used for recycling or waste processing. Other uses or purposes of the crushing device 1 are readily possible. The comminuted material can be, for example, waste of very different compositions and / or fractions. The crushing device 1 has in the illustrated embodiment, a crushing roller 2 which is rotatable about a horizontal axis of rotation 3 in the illustrated embodiments and rotates about the axis of rotation 3.

It should be pointed out that the comminution device 1 is not limited to the use of only one comminution cylinder 2. In principle, the comminution device 1 can also have at least two comminution rollers, which are arranged side by side with parallel axes of rotation and between which a nip is provided. The following statements relating to the use of only one crushing roll 2 are to be applied correspondingly to a crushing device with at least two crushing rolls.

In the illustrated embodiment with only one crushing roller 2, the crushing device 1 at the end in the region of the crushing roller 2 each have a drive device 4 for driving the crushing roller 2. Furthermore, a frame 5 is provided, which serves for the support and storage of the crushing roller 2 and the drive means 4. The frame 5 is connected to a base plate 6, which in principle also be designed frame-shaped can. Placed on the base plate 6 is the actual box-like frame 5, the side walls 7, 8, between which the crushing roller 2 is arranged. Between the side walls 7, 8 is a funnel 9, in which a chute 10 opens. About the chute 0, the feed material is added, which falls into the hopper 9 and the crushing roller 2 is fed. Moreover, in the funnel 9 on the opposite side of the chute 10 is still a tilt-adjustable plate 10 a. The inclination of the plate 10a is adjusted depending on the task. Furthermore, the crushing device 1 in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 on a conveyor 1 1, which in the present case is a belt conveyor. The conveyor 1 1 is adjustable via a tilt device. The task end of the conveyor 1 is located in the lower region of the frame 5 below the crushing roller 2, while the discharge end is led away from the frame 5 and extends beyond the base plate 6 of the length.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 is not only missing on the base plate 6, but also on the conveyor 1 1. In principle, it is possible that the frame 5 is mounted at a location on the ground, in the underground then a shaft can be provided for the removal of the crushed crushed material.

Incidentally, a plurality of comminution tools 12 are distributed on the comminution cylinder 2 over its outer circumference, while a counter comb 13 is provided in the frame 5 below the funnel 9. The comminution tools 12 mesh with the counter-comb 13, which provides slots 14 corresponding to the individual comminution tools 12. There are counter comb teeth 15 between the slots 14. If a comminution tool 12 is located in a slot 14 of the counter comb 13, a distance of between 2 mm to 10 mm is still provided between the respective comminution tool 12 and the adjacent counter comb teeth 15.

In the crushing device 1 is now provided that the crushing roller 2 and the end or front side provided drive means 4 are connected as a common assembly each with a damping device 16 which is frictionally and elastically mounted in or on the frame 5 in the present case. Incidentally, in the illustrated embodiment, each of the drive devices 4 has a gearless motor 17, so that an overall very compact and small-sized design of the comminution device 1 results, as is apparent in particular from FIGS. 4 and 5. In the present case, the engine 17 is a hydraulic motor in the form of a radial piston engine. As can be seen in particular from FIGS. 1 and 2, the motor 17 is assigned a hydraulic pump device 18, which in the present case is driven by a diesel engine 19. The hydraulic pump device 18 is connected to the motor 17 via hydraulic hoses 20.

It is not shown that the drive device 4 or the motor 17 is associated with a control device for speed control of the motor 17 and thus the crushing roller 2, wherein the control ultimately takes place in that the oil flow is controlled by the hydraulic pump 18.

As is apparent in particular from FIGS. 3 and 4, the motors 17 are fixedly connected to the crushing roller 2 and form a common assembly in the arrangement motor - crushing roller - motor. For this purpose, a connecting flange 21 is attached to the output side of the motors 17, in this case screwed. In principle, it is also possible that the motor housing already has a corresponding connection flange. The connecting flange 21 is in turn screwed to the crushing roller 2, in the present case with an edge flange 22 of the crushing roller 2. The connecting flange 21 ultimately serves as an adapter in order to adapt the comparatively small motor 17 to the comparatively larger crushing roller 2. In this case, the attachment of the motors 17 on both sides of the crushing roller 2 is not different from each other. Both motors 17 are thus fastened in the same way to the end face of the crushing roller 2.

The consisting of the crushing roller 2 and the motors 17 assembly whose individual components are rotatably connected to each other, projects in the engine 7 through the two side walls 7, 8 of the frame 5. For this purpose in the side walls 7, 8 respectively corresponding openings 23, 24 provided. Between the outside of the motors 17 and the openings 23, 24 is in each case an annular gap 25. During operation of the comminution device 1 or upon rotation of the crushing roller 2, the housings of the motors 17 have no contact with the side walls 7, 8. evasive movements, the the assembly performs as needed, are possible without it comes to a touch of the motors 17 with the respective side wall 7, 8. The crushing roller 2, including the rotatably connected thereto end provided motors 17 is supported damped on both sides, namely a provided on each side damping device 16. In this case the damping device 16 is formed on both sides in each case such that a movement of the crushing roller 2 in the axial direction , ie in the direction of the axis of rotation 3 and in the radial direction, ie transversely to the axis of rotation 3, is possible.

Each of the damping devices 16 has an annular, flexible damping means 26, which is arranged in a corresponding circular receptacle 27 in a frictional and / or form-fitting manner, but in each case in a torsionally rigid manner. This will be discussed in more detail below. The receptacle 27 is part of the frame 5 or fixed to the frame 5. The damping means 26 consists in the present case at least substantially in particular on its peripheral outer side of a rubber material and has depressions 28 and projections 29. At the damping means 26 facing the inside of the receptacle 27 has these projections 30 for engagement in the recesses 28 and recesses 31 for engagement of the projections 29, so that on the corresponding recesses 28, 31 and projections 29, 30 results in a positive fit , Incidentally, the receptacle 27 is made of metal, in particular of steel, so that a comparatively large coefficient of friction results due to the material pairing of the rubber of the damping means 26 and the steel surface. In order to achieve a coefficient of friction greater than 0.5 and in particular greater than 0.6, one of the surfaces, ie either the damping means 26 and / or the receptacle 27, can be provided with a corresponding coating with an increased coefficient of friction, which however not shown. Overall, however, the damping means 26 is made of an elastic material. Thus, the damping means 26 may comprise rubber as a base material, some with reinforcing material included in the damping means 26.

The damping means 26 is a fillable hollow body. For filling the hollow body in the present case compressed air is provided. But it can also be used a different print medium. In the illustrated embodiment, the damping means 26 is formed in the manner of a wheel tire having an outer bearing surface 32, to which side cheeks 33, 34 connect laterally. On the inside, the damping means 26 is opened, so that there is a U-shape in cross section. This will be discussed below.

The aforementioned design of the damping means 26 in the manner of a wheel tire makes it possible to fill the damping means 26 with compressed air also during operation of the comminution device 1, thereby increasing the pressure and thus the rigidity of the damping means 26 or, if necessary, also reducing it. For correct pressure adjustment and thus also corresponding to the adjustment of the rigidity, a measuring device for measuring the pressure in the damping means 26 is provided. The measuring device has a sensor, not shown, which communicates with the interior of the hollow damping means 26. If necessary, the sensor can protrude into the interior of the damping means. Not shown is that the measuring device is coupled to a control device, which in turn is coupled to a signal device for optical and / or acoustic signal output, a shutdown device for the drive means 4 and / or a filling device for filling and / or emptying of the damping means 26.

The connection of the damping means 26 with the assembly resulting from the two drive devices 4 and the comminution roller 2 rotatably connected thereto is effected via a connection means 36. The connection means 36 is a rim-like body with an inner flange plate 37, which can be fastened / Flange the outside of the motor 17 is used. Furthermore, the connecting means 36 has an outside hollow cylindrical mounting portion 38, which is connected to the inside with the flange plate 37 and which is formed on its outside for connection to the damping means 26. For this purpose, the attachment portion 38 at the edge each have a circumferential projection 39, 40, on the inside of the inner edges of the side cheeks 33, 34 create and simultaneously seal when filling the damping means 26 with the pressure medium at this point.

Since the forces which occur during operation of the comminution device 1 and which act on the comminution tools 12 act on the damping means 26 via the respective drive device 4 and these forces are then transmitted to the respective receptacles 27, reinforcement cheeks 41 are provided on the outside for reinforcement of the receptacle 27 provided, which are attached to the one on the receptacle 27 and the other on the respective side wall 7, 8. This is evident in particular from FIG. 1. On the outside, the receptacle 27 is closed by a support plate 42 which is placed on the receptacle 27. For the correct placement and fixing of the support plate 42, recesses 43 are provided on the support plate 42, into which associated reinforcement cheeks 41 engage with their end 44. In principle, it is of course also possible to provide projections on the support plate 42, which engage in corresponding openings or recesses in the region of the receptacle 27. The support plate 42 also has passage openings 45, 46 for passing the hydraulic hoses 20 for the motor 17 and a pressure line 47, which is connected to a filling device for the damping means. This may in particular be a pneumatic device for supplying compressed air to the damping device 16.

On the inside of the support plate 42 is a cylindrical stopper body 48. Incidentally, a hollow cylindrical or cup-shaped portion 49 is centrally attached to the flange plate 37. The central axis of the portion 49 is located on the axis of rotation 3. The same applies to the arrangement of the stopper body 48, whose central axis is also located on the axis of rotation 3. The stopper body 48 protrudes into the section 49, wherein both the front side and in the radial direction remains a free space which is smaller than the free spaces in the slots 14 between the crushing tools 12 and the Gegenkamm- teeth 15. This ensures that the Movement of the assembly in the axial or radial direction does not cause the crushing tools 12 come with the Gegenkammzähnen 15 into engagement.

In addition or as an alternative to the stop means described above with the stopper body 48 and the portion 49, a stopper projection 50 may be provided on the inside of one or both side walls 7, 8, pointing in the direction of the connection flange 21. The clearance remaining between the stopper projection 50 and the connecting flange 21 is again smaller than the free spaces in the slots 14 between the counter-comb 13 and the crushing tools 12 as they are moved by the counter-comb 13.

During operation of the comminuting device 1, the comminuting cylinder 2 rotates at a predetermined rotational speed at a predetermined speed, which can be adjusted as required via the motors 17. The comminution material deposited on the chute 10 and falling into the hopper 9 is comminuted by the comminution tools 12 in the region of the counter-comb 13. At very hard comminution material, which can not be crushed directly, allows the damping device 16 that consists of the crushing roller 2 and the motor 17 assembly performs an evasive movement in the axial and / or radial direction relative to the axis of rotation 3, and at most so far until the respective Anschlagsmittei takes effect. With respect to the stopper body 48 and the portion 49, a movement is possible until, relative to the axial direction - the facing end faces of the stopper body 48 and the portion 49 touch each other, while in the radial direction, a stop then results when the Outside of the stopper body 48 abuts the inside of the portion 49. By this movement limitation, the movement of the crushing tools 12 is not limited by the slots 14 of the counter-comb. The load peaks occurring are attenuated by the damping devices 16, that is concretely by the respective damping means 26, and, as far as the energy is not converted into heat energy in the region of the damping means 26, introduced via the inclusion in the side walls 7, 8.

It must be ensured that the damping means 26 is arranged torsionally rigid in the receptacle 27. In this case, particular care should be taken to choose the stiffness of the damping means 26 so that the projections 29, 30 and the recesses 28, 31 always interlock. The damping means 26 can then attenuate the movements of the assembly due to the elasticity of the material of the damping means 26 and its rigidity. Fig. 6 shows a fixing device 52 which is fixedly connected to the flange plate 37 and the connecting means 36. In further embodiments, the fixing device 52 may be connected to the attachment region 38. Furthermore, the fixing device 52 fixes the connecting means 36, the damping means 26 and the damping device 16 on the receptacle 27 and accordingly indirectly on the frame 5, so that the damping device 16, the damping means 26 and the connecting means 36 are rotationally rigidly connected to the frame 5. In principle, an immediate attachment of the fixing device 52 on the frame 5 is possible. The fixing device 52 is designed such that a torsionally rigid connection of the damping means 26 to the drive means 4 can be ensured even at very high loads. FIG. 9 shows that in the illustrated embodiment, the fixing device 52 has a fastening section 55 and an active section 56. The cross-sectional illustration shown in FIG. 9 shows that the fixing device 52 has an angular cross-sectional shape. The attachment portion 55 is firmly connected in the illustrated Ausführungsbeispiei with the connecting means 36. The active section 56 arranges itself at least indirectly on the frame 5. FIG. 7 shows that the active section 56 interacts with the receptacle 27. Furthermore, Fig. 7 shows that the active portion 56 is arranged and fixed to the support means 51 which is fixedly connected to the frame 5. In further embodiments, the support means 51 may be formed as part of the receptacle 27 and / or be attached to the frame 5 independently of the receptacle 27.

In one embodiment, not shown, the active portion 56 of the fixing device 52 acts directly or directly with the bearing wall 7, 8 of the frame 5 together.

FIG. 8 shows that the support device 51 surrounds the lower half, which faces the base plate 6, of the damping means 26 or the receptacle 27. Instead of a support plate 42, the damping means 26 and the connecting means 36 are at least partially closed by the support means 51.

On the support means 51 - in other embodiments on the receptacle 27 - a plurality of openings 53 is provided. The openings 53 serve for the arrangement or fastening of the fixing device 52 and are accordingly designed for the engagement of screws.

Furthermore, in the exemplary embodiment illustrated, the fixing device 52 has a connection means 54 or a connection means 54 is assigned to the fixing device 52. The connection means 54 also has openings corresponding to the openings 53 of the support device 51 and serves for the arrangement of screws and for fixing the active section 56 of the fixing device 52.

A perspective view of the fixing device 52 is shown in FIG. 7. Furthermore, it can be seen from FIG. 7 that the fixing device 52 can be arranged at different positions on the receptacle 27 or on the support device 51. In the illustrated embodiment, the fixing device 52 or the active portion 56 is at least substantially transversely or at a 90 ° angle to the cutting engagement - crushing tool 12 to Gegenkammzahn 15 - ange- assigns. The angle data relate to a vertex which is related to the axis of rotation 3 of the crushing roller 2.

FIG. 8 illustrates that, starting from this 90 ° position, the active section 56 of the fixing device 52 can be adjusted in a range of +/- 45 ° relative to the 9 ° ^Ö position, which is shown in the illustrated embodiments. Ultimately, the arrangement of the fixing device 52 or of the active section 56 in further embodiments, not shown, can vary in an angle range from 0 ° to 360 °, the 90 ° position being shown in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 6 to 9.

In addition, it is provided in the embodiments according to FIGS. 6 to 10 that the fixing device 52 is arranged only on the lower half of the receptacle 27 or of the connecting means 36. Finally, the fixing device 52 can be arranged in each region of the receptacle 27 or the connection means 36.

FIG. 10 shows a further embodiment of the fixing device 52, wherein a spherical contact surface is provided as connection means 54 or on the active section 56. Also, the fixing device 52 - in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 - is used for torque support of the damping means 26. In this case, the connection means 54 acts as a stop, wherein it does not depend on the formation of the contact surface.

The fixing device 52 can ultimately also be regarded as a counter-holder. The counter-holder or the fixing device 52, which ultimately has the function of a claw or a clamping claw, is fixed to the frame 5 and arranged torsionally rigidly connected to the frame 5. The torsionally rigid connection of the fixing device 52 on the frame 5 is achieved via the torsionally rigid connection of the fastening portion 55 with the connecting means 36 and the interaction between the active portion 56 and the bearing wall 7, 8 of the frame fifth

In addition, it can be seen from FIGS. 10 and 11 that two fixing devices 52 are arranged on the receptacle 27. In the specific exemplary embodiment, the first, lower fixing device 52 is arranged in a 90 ° position relative to the cutting engagement, wherein the fixing devices 52 enclose an angle of at least substantially 180 ° with each other and accordingly lie opposite one another. In addition, FIGS. 10 and 1 show that two support devices 51 are arranged on the frame 5 or the bearing wall 7, 8 or are fixedly connected to the frame 5. The active sections 56 of the fixing devices 52 are arranged on the support devices 51 in the illustrated exemplary embodiment - in a concrete exemplary embodiment they are connected torsionally rigidly with the support devices 51. The support means 51 may be considered as part of the receptacle 27 or in further embodiments as separate components.

In the illustrated embodiment, the second, upper fixing device 52 is at least substantially identical in construction to the first, lower fixing device 52. In addition, the first lower fixing device 52 is at least substantially identical to the previously described embodiment, which is apparent from FIGS. 6 to 9, formed. Consequently, therefore, additional, additional embodiments to avoid repetition can be dispensed with.

Furthermore, FIG. 12 shows that both fixing devices 52 can be adjusted by arranging the connection means 54 against other openings 53 of the respective support device 51 and by positively locking and / or frictionally connecting the support device 51 with screws.

The fixing means 52 may include an angle between 80 ° to 180 °, in other embodiments between 140 ° to 180 ° with each other. Ultimately, the arrangement of the second fixing device 52 - as shown in FIGS. 1 1 and 12 - be changed by +/- 100 °.

In non-illustrated embodiments, a plurality of fixing devices 52 may be connected to the connecting means 36 and arranged at least indirectly on the bearing wall 7, 8.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 crushing device

2 crushing roller

3 rotation axis

4 drive device

5 frame

6 base plate

7 side wall

8 side wall

9 funnels

10 chutes

10a plate

1 1 conveyor

12 shredding tool

13 counter comb

14 slot

15 Gegenkammzahn

16 damping device

17 engine

18 hydraulic pump device

19 diesel engine

20 hydraulic hose

21 connection flange

22 edge flange

23 opening

24 opening

25 annular gap

26 damping means

27 recording

28 deepening

29 advantage

30 advantage

31 deepening

32 contact surface

33 side wall

34 side cheek connecting means

flange

fastening area

head Start

reinforcing cheek

support plate

recess

The End

Through opening

pressure line

stop body

section

stop projection

support means

fixing

Openings of the support device connection means

attachment section

effective section

Claims

Claims:

1 . Comminution device (1) for comminuting comminuted material, in particular for use in the field of recycling and waste processing, with at least one comminution roller (2) rotatable about a rotation axis (3), at least one drive device (4) for driving the comminution cylinder (2) and one Frame (5) for holding and supporting the crushing roller (2) and the drive device (4),

characterized,

in that the comminution cylinder (2) and the drive device (4) are connected as a common subassembly to at least one damping device (16) which is frictionally and / or elastically mounted in or on the frame (5).

2. Crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the damping device (16) is designed such that a movement of the crushing roller (2) in the axial direction and / or in the radial direction of the axis of rotation (3) is possible.

3. Crushing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the crushing roller (2) is mounted damped on both sides.

4. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the damping device (16) has a particular annular, flexible damping means (26) in a corresponding receptacle (27) of the frame (5) frictionally and / or positively, in particular torsionally rigid is arranged. 5. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the damping means (26) on its outer side and / or the receptacle (27) on its the damping means (26) facing the inside surface structure and / or a coating with an increased coefficient of friction, preferably greater than 0.4, more preferably greater than 0,

5 and in particular greater than 0.6.

6. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for the positive connection of the damping by means (26) with the receptacle (27) the damping means (26) on its outside recesses (28) and / or projections (29) for engagement in corresponding recesses (31) and / or projections (30) on the said damping means (26 ) facing inside of the receptacle (27).

7. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stiffness of the damping means (26), in particular also during operation of the crushing roller (2), preferably automatically, is adjustable.

8. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the damping means (26) is designed as fillable with a medium hollow body.

9. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a measuring device is provided for measuring the pressure of the medium, which is coupled to a control device and that the control device with a signaling device and / or a shutdown device of the drive device (4) and / or a filling device for filling and / or emptying of the hollow body is coupled.

10. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for connecting the damping means (26) to the drive means (4) a connecting means (36) is provided, in particular wherein the connecting means (36) has a flange plate (37) for torsionally rigid connection with the drive device (4) and a fixed to the flange plate (37) connected hollow cylindrical mounting portion (38) for connection to the damping means (26).

1 1. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one stop means is provided for limiting the axial and / or radial evasive movement of the crushing roller (2).

12. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the stop means comprises a cylindrical stop body (48) and a corresponding hollow cylindrical or cup-shaped portion (49) for engagement of the stopper body (48), in particular the stopper body (48) is fastened on the inside to a support plate (42) fastened to the frame (5), while the section (49) is fastened to the flange plate (37).

13. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one fixing device (52), in particular a torque arm, for fixing the damping device (16) and / or the damping means (26) and / or the connecting means (36) with the connecting means ( 36), the fastening region (38) and / or the flange plate (37), in particular form-fitting and / or non-positive, preferably torsionally rigid, is connected.

14. Crushing device (1) for crushing comminuted material, in particular for use in the field of recycling and waste processing, with at least one about an axis of rotation (3) rotatable crushing roller (2), at least one drive device (4) for driving the crushing roller (2) and a frame (5) for holding and supporting the crushing roller (2) and the drive device (4), in particular according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized,

in that the drive device (4) has a gearless motor (17).

15. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the motor (17) is designed as a hydraulic motor, in particular as a radial piston motor, or as an electric motor.

16. Crushing device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive device (4) is associated with a hydraulic pump device (18) for the hydraulic motor (17), in particular wherein the drive device (4) comprises a control device for setting the speed of the crushing roller (2), in particular by controlling the hydraulic pump device (18) supplied oil flow, is assigned.