EP3564980B1 - Zwei-draht-neigungsschalter - Google Patents

Zwei-draht-neigungsschalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3564980B1
EP3564980B1 EP18170467.7A EP18170467A EP3564980B1 EP 3564980 B1 EP3564980 B1 EP 3564980B1 EP 18170467 A EP18170467 A EP 18170467A EP 3564980 B1 EP3564980 B1 EP 3564980B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
per
sensor element
output
supply
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18170467.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3564980A1 (de
Inventor
Manfred Höhn
Michael Hirt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hohn Neigungstechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Hohn Neigungstechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hohn Neigungstechnik GmbH filed Critical Hohn Neigungstechnik GmbH
Priority to EP18170467.7A priority Critical patent/EP3564980B1/de
Priority to PCT/EP2019/060484 priority patent/WO2019211137A1/en
Publication of EP3564980A1 publication Critical patent/EP3564980A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3564980B1 publication Critical patent/EP3564980B1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
    • H01H35/02—Switches operated by change of position, inclination or orientation of the switch itself in relation to gravitational field
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/0036—Switches making use of microelectromechanical systems [MEMS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
    • H01H35/06—Switches operated by change of speed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process and products as per the first portion of the independent claims.
  • the term "mercury switch” is known an electrical switch that closes a circuit when a small amount of the liquid metal mercury connects metal electrodes.
  • the mercury tilt switch represents the most common design of this control element. It remains in a defined state (open or closed) when tilted one direction with respect to horizontal and enters the other state when tilted the other direction.
  • solutions based on liquid or pendulum elements are available, typically being evaluated inductively, capacitively, or optically.
  • these devices as well are increasingly displaced by MEMS technology.
  • US 5751074 A (EDWARD B PRIOR) 05.12.1998 discloses an electrical switch sensitive to an externally applied inertial and gravitational force, having an enclosure with a closed space; a conductive fluid filing a first portion of the space and a non- conductive medium filling a second portion of the space, the conductive fluid and the non-conductive medium having differing densities; at least two electrodes in communication with the space; an electrical circuit coupled the contacts and having electrical connections for connection with a power source and a load, having a semiconductor switching device, which is responsive to a current through the contacts, a current through the contacts causing the semiconductor switching device to change in conductivity.
  • An externally applied force e.g., gravity or inertial force, causes the conductive fluid to move within the enclosure with respect to the contacts, altering a current through the contacts, and thereby changing a conducting state of the semiconductor switching device.
  • the switch resides within a housing, containing both the enclosure and the electrical circuit.
  • JP H09274842 A (R B CONTROLS KK) 21.10.1997 discloses an earth leakage breaker.
  • An operation test switch is provided in the earth leakage breaker, and when the switch is manually turned on, a part of the current bypasses a leakage detecting unit through a resistor, and the condition the same as the case where a leakage is generated can be artificially generated.
  • a leakage is intentionally generated, a relay is electrified, and a relay contact is turned off.
  • An inclination switch is connected in parallel with the switch, and when the inclination switch is inclined at the predetermined angle or more and turned off, the condition that a leakage is generated in the same way as the condition that the switch is turned off is generated, and a relay contact is turned off to stop the power supply to an equipment.
  • JP 2000146579 A (TOYO DENSO KK) 26.05.2000 discloses a time-constant circuit formed out of capacitors and a resistor in a detecting circuit and a constant current circuit in the collector of a controlling transistor.
  • the detecting circuit formed to output a detected signal of high level when a Hall detects the rotational condition of a movement beyond a prescribed angle and comes into a switch-on state, is provided with a time constant circuit consisting of capacitors and a resistor therein.
  • a constant current circuit is provided which supplies constant current to the collector of a controlling transistor.
  • a breakdown diode is provided to serve as a constant current circuit. As a result, a battery power supply is changed into constant voltage, and collector current which is consistently constant is fed through the resistor in turning-on the transistor.
  • the invention proposes a two-wire tilt switch based on electronics which, by design of a combined supply and output stage, is supplied in both the switch's open and closed states.
  • the combined supply and output stage is constructed to produce a small voltage drop across the switch in its closed state and a low leakage current through the switch in its open state. This ensures that the switch electronics continues to be supplied in both switching states.
  • a MEMS acceleration sensor with analog output signal may be used within the scope of the invention.
  • the currents and voltages required for the operation and signal evaluation of such MEMS sensor are very low and can thus be supplied by a combined supply and output stage as outlined above.
  • the switching point of a tilt switch based on a MEMS sensor may be easily adjusted by suitable analog or digital signal processing of the sensor output signal.
  • a switch as per the invention requires only two terminals and may serve to retrofit any device depending on mercury switches.
  • the two-wire tilt switch 1 is essentially composed of a combined supply and output stage 2, a sensor element 3, and an evaluation logic 4.
  • the supply and output stage 2 is designed to, in the open state of the switch, exhibit high resistance between the supply pin 5 and the switching output 6 while still permitting a low residual current - typically below 1 mA - for internal supply of the sensor element 7 and evaluation logic 8.
  • the supply and output stage 2 exhibits low resistance between the supply pin 5 and the switching output 6 while sustaining low residual voltage - typically about 3 V - to power internal supplies 7 and 8 of the sensor element 3 and evaluation logic 4, respectively.
  • the sensor element 3 is an analog MEMS sensor with low current consumption - typically below 500 ⁇ A - that provides an analog output signal 9 to the evaluation logic 4.
  • the voltage of the output signal 9 corresponds to the inclination angle of the MEMS sensor with respect to the horizontal plane.
  • the evaluation logic 4 is configured such that it sets or resets, respectively, the output signal 10 of the evaluation logic 4 depending on the output signal 9 of the sensor element 3.
  • the evaluation logic 4 is further capable of evaluating and logically connecting two switching levels. For instance, output signal 10 may be set while output signal 9 is within a first interval, reset while it is within a second, intermediate interval, and set again while it is within a third interval. In a preferred embodiment, such design is employed to implement an axisymmetric switching behavior of the tilt switch.
  • the output signal 10 of the evaluation logic 4 toggles the state of the combined output and supply stage 2 between the switch's open state (high resistance) and closed state (low resistance).
  • the supply pin 5 is connected to a positive supply voltage (traditionally referred to as "voltage at the common collector", Vcc) while the switching output 6 connects to an attached load 11.
  • Vcc positive supply voltage
  • the second terminal of the connected load 11 is connected to ground (GND) 12.
  • the invention is applicable, inter alia, throughout the electronics industry.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Ein Neigungsschalter (1)
    mit einem offenen Zustand und einem geschlossenen Zustand und
    umfassend eine Elektronikanordnung (3, 4),
    gekennzeichnet durch
    eine kombinierte Versorgungs- und Ausgangsstufe (2), die so konfiguriert ist, dass die Anordnung (3, 4) in beiden Zuständen versorgt wird, wobei
    die Versorgungs- und Ausgangsstufe (2) einen Versorgungsanschluss (5) und einen Schaltausgang (6) aufweist und dazu ausgelegt ist, im offenen Zustand einen hohen Widerstand zu bieten und gleichzeitig Fehlerstrom zwischen dem Versorgungsanschluss (5) und dem Schaltausgang (6) fließen zu lassen und im geschlossenen Zustand einen geringen Widerstand zu bieten und gleichzeitig Restspannung zwischen dem Versorgungsanschluss (5) und dem Schaltausgang (6) abfallen zu lassen.
  2. Schalter (1) nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Anordnung (3, 4) ein Sensorelement (3) und eine Auswertungslogik (4) umfasst.
  3. Schalter (1) nach Anspruch 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    der Fehlerstrom weniger als 1 mA beträgt.
  4. Schalter (1) nach Anspruch 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Restspannung näherungsweise 3 V beträgt.
  5. Schalter (1) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    das Sensorelement (3) mikroelektromechanisch ist.
  6. Schalter (1) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    das Sensorelement (3) eine Stromaufnahme unter 500 µA aufweist.
  7. Schalter (1) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    das Sensorelement (3) dazu ausgelegt ist, ein Analogsignal (9) auszugeben.
  8. Schalter (1) nach Anspruch 7,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    das Analogsignal (9) ein Spannungssignal ist.
  9. Schalter (1) nach Anspruch 7 oder Anspruch 8,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    das Sensorelement (3) so konfiguriert ist, dass, wenn das Sensorelement (3) mit Leistung versorgt wird, das Analogsignal (9) des
    Sensorelements (3) einen Neigungswinkel des Sensorelements (3) bezüglich einer horizontalen Ebene anzeigt.
  10. Schalter (1) gemäß Anspruch 7, Anspruch 8 oder Anspruch 9,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Auswertungslogik (4) dazu ausgelegt ist, ein vom Analogsignal (9) abhängiges Digitalsignal (10) auszugeben.
  11. Schalter (1) nach Anspruch 10,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Auswertungslogik (4) so konfiguriert ist, dass, wenn das Sensorelement (3) versorgt wird, das Digitalsignal (10) nur dann gesetzt
    wird, wenn das Analogsignal (9) in einen vorgegebenen Bereich fällt.
  12. Schalter (1) gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die kombinierte Versorgungs- und Ausgangsstufe (2) dazu ausgelegt ist, den Schalter (1) abhängig vom Digitalsignal (10) zwischen dem offenen Zustand und dem geschlossenen Zustand umzuschalten.
EP18170467.7A 2018-05-02 2018-05-02 Zwei-draht-neigungsschalter Active EP3564980B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18170467.7A EP3564980B1 (de) 2018-05-02 2018-05-02 Zwei-draht-neigungsschalter
PCT/EP2019/060484 WO2019211137A1 (en) 2018-05-02 2019-04-24 Two-wire tilt switch

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18170467.7A EP3564980B1 (de) 2018-05-02 2018-05-02 Zwei-draht-neigungsschalter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3564980A1 EP3564980A1 (de) 2019-11-06
EP3564980B1 true EP3564980B1 (de) 2021-08-11

Family

ID=62116244

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18170467.7A Active EP3564980B1 (de) 2018-05-02 2018-05-02 Zwei-draht-neigungsschalter

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3564980B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2019211137A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5751074A (en) 1995-09-08 1998-05-12 Edward B. Prior & Associates Non-metallic liquid tilt switch and circuitry
JPH09274842A (ja) 1996-04-02 1997-10-21 R B Controls Kk 転倒検知機構付き漏電ブレーカー
JP3180088B2 (ja) * 1998-09-25 2001-06-25 株式会社豊田自動織機製作所 産業車両の油圧制御装置及びフォークリフト
JP2000146579A (ja) 1998-11-05 2000-05-26 Toyo Denso Co Ltd 傾倒センサ
US8144445B2 (en) * 2007-06-12 2012-03-27 General Electric Company Micro-electromechanical system based switching
US20120325629A1 (en) * 2011-06-22 2012-12-27 Xiao-Feng Li Tilt Switch

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3564980A1 (de) 2019-11-06
WO2019211137A1 (en) 2019-11-07

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