EP3544885A1 - Underwater craft less likely to be detected across great distances - Google Patents

Underwater craft less likely to be detected across great distances

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Publication number
EP3544885A1
EP3544885A1 EP17804514.2A EP17804514A EP3544885A1 EP 3544885 A1 EP3544885 A1 EP 3544885A1 EP 17804514 A EP17804514 A EP 17804514A EP 3544885 A1 EP3544885 A1 EP 3544885A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
section
underwater vehicle
outer shell
polygonal cross
longitudinal direction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17804514.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3544885B1 (en
Inventor
Tom AVSIC
Randolf Teppner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp AG
ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems GmbH
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp AG
ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ThyssenKrupp AG, ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems GmbH filed Critical ThyssenKrupp AG
Priority to PL17804514T priority Critical patent/PL3544885T3/en
Priority to EP21190035.2A priority patent/EP3943377B1/en
Publication of EP3544885A1 publication Critical patent/EP3544885A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3544885B1 publication Critical patent/EP3544885B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/28—Arrangement of offensive or defensive equipment
    • B63G8/34—Camouflage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/13—Hulls built to withstand hydrostatic pressure when fully submerged, e.g. submarine hulls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/39—Arrangements of sonic watch equipment, e.g. low-frequency, sonar

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an underwater vehicle, in particular a submarine, with an outer shape, wherein the shape is optimized to reduce the detectability by means of active sonar. As a result, the distance from which the undertray vehicle is likely to be detected, can be significantly reduced.
  • the detection is preferably carried out over long distances, for example 100 km.
  • This causes the sonar sound waves to strike an underwater vehicle at a very shallow angle parallel to the water surface.
  • the reflection of the sound waves must be avoided in particular to the transmitter where usually the receiver sits. From this geometrical consideration, it follows that the detectability of an underwater vehicle over a long distance depends in particular on the reflection of sound at an angle of ⁇ 20 °, in particular at an angle of ⁇ 10 °.
  • a cylindrical body however, has the property of reflecting a wave virtually vertically isotropically and thus giving virtually the same energy in all vertical spatial directions. This leads to the fact that the detection in the critical flat angle range is not particularly low.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an underwater vehicle which has a significantly reduced detection probability under the conditions of location over distance. This object is achieved by an underwater vehicle having the features specified in claim 1.
  • the underwater vehicle according to the invention with a reduced probability of detection has an outer shell.
  • the underwater vehicle has a nose section, a stern section and a midship section.
  • the outer shell of the midship section has a polygonal cross-section transverse to the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle. Further, the outer shell of the midship section has a curvature along the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle over the entire length of the central nave section.
  • the polygonal cross section per se is known for the purposeful reflection of a detection wave in a direction deviating from the transmitter. This is known in aircraft or shipbuilding, for example, the Sea Shadow, in principle. Here large, flat and tilted surfaces are used as reflectors.
  • the curvature of the outer shell of the midship section extends the entire length of the midship section.
  • the curvature may have a variable radius of curvature over the length, but the radius of curvature may not be infinite. As a result, a flat surface would form at least at one point, which would reflect an incident beam without dispersion.
  • the midship section is located between the bow section and the stern section.
  • the bow section has a length of 5% to 40%, preferably 5% to 30%, more preferably 5% to 20% of the total length of the underwater vehicle, with the bow section beginning at the bow of the underwater vehicle.
  • the tail section has a length of 5% to 40%, preferably 5% to 30%, more preferably 5% to 20% of the total length of the underwater vehicle, with the tail section beginning at the stern of the underwater vehicle.
  • the midship section has a length of 20% to 90%, preferably 40% to 90%, more preferably 60% to 90% of the total length of the underwater vehicle.
  • polygonal cross-section may occur, for example, a triangle or a quadrilateral, these two polygons are rather less preferred due to the low adaptability.
  • polygons having 5 to 10 corners or sides are preferred, wherein the Length of the sides are more preferably different. Particularly preferred are opposite sides in pairs of the same length.
  • the polygonal cross-section has rounded corner regions. This is advantageous in terms of production technology and hydrodynamics.
  • the polygonal cross section has a mirror plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. This means that the outer contour of the port side and the starboard side are the same.
  • the outer sheath of the central ship section transversely to the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle over the entire cross section has a curvature along the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle.
  • the outer shell has at least one first segment, wherein the first segment forms a first conic section in the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle or is composed of two or more conic sections.
  • a segment is defined as an area bounded above and below by the edges of the polygonal cross-section. In the longitudinal direction, the expansion of the segment is limited by the extent of the midship section.
  • a conic is a portion of the shell of a cone.
  • a first segment and a corresponding second segment lying on the opposite side of the ship have mirror-image conic sections.
  • a cone or cone is a geometric figure defined by its height and radius. In a conic section, the radius of curvature transversely to the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle thus changes continuously. Of course, it may also be a conic section of an oblique cone, in which the elevation axis is not centered to the circular base.
  • the outer shell has at least a third segment, wherein the third segment forms a third conic section at least in sections, preferably completely, in the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle, wherein the height and / or radius of the third conic section of height and / or radius of the first conic section are different.
  • the cone of the conic section has a height, wherein the ratio of height to length of the underwater vehicle is between 0.5 and 1000, preferably between 3.5 and 130, particularly preferably between 8.0 and 35.
  • the cone of the conic section has a diameter, wherein the ratio of cone diameter to length of the underwater vehicle is between 2 and 100, preferably between 6 and 50, particularly preferably between 10 and 20.
  • the underwater vehicle has a tower in the central nave section.
  • the tower on at least 10 °, more preferably at least 20 °, with respect to the vertical inclined outer walls.
  • the tower has the same angle as the side of the polygonal cross-section adjoining below the tower.
  • the curvature of the midship section has a radius of curvature, wherein the ratio of radius of curvature to length of the underwater vehicle is between 5 and 1000, preferably between 10 and 250, particularly preferably between 25 and 100.
  • the curvature of the midship section does not have to be constant over the entire length.
  • the curvature of the midship section may be ascending to the sections adjacent to the bow section and / or tail section, for example, to provide a transition.
  • the curvature in the transition from the central nave to the bow section is increasing and decreasing in the transition from the central nave to the area of the tail section.
  • this results in a curvature of the central nave section which causes a cross-sectional enlargement of an imaginary circle surrounding the central nave opposite an unbent, straight cylindrical shape of about 0.5 m to 2 m, the tower or other up or Attachments are not mentally considered here.
  • the polygonal cross-section has a widest point, the widest point of the polygonal cross-section being arranged below or above the center, the center being defined half the height of the polygonal cross-section.
  • the deviation from a symmetrical design makes it possible to divert a larger part of the incoming detection wave in the same direction. If the widest point is below the middle, the larger part will be reflected upwards and thus towards the water surface. If the widest point is above the middle, the larger part is reflected downwards and thus to the seabed.
  • the first is preferred for the reduction of the target measure, the second variant.
  • the widest point of the polygonal cross section is arranged at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, of the half height of the polygonal cross section below or above the middle.
  • all planes of the polygonal cross section have an inclination of at least 10 °, preferably of at least 20 °, with respect to the vertical.
  • all planes of the polygonal cross section have an inclination of 10 ° to 40 ° or 50 ° to 80 ° with respect to the vertical. Also, the angle of 45 ° is to be avoided, since in this case the incoming wave is reflected, for example, to the water surface, is reflected by this back and then reflected directly back to the transmitter. Although the intensity is reduced by the multiple reflection, but is still significantly increased compared to other angles.
  • the outer shell has a sound-absorbing property.
  • the outer shell can be made of, have or be coated with a sound absorbing material. Since the absorption can never be complete, the two effects combine positively.
  • the outer envelope for sound waves frequency range from 100 Hz to 100 kHz, in particular in the range of 1 kHz to 25 kHz Is substantially reflective and / or absorbent. Since other, non-optimized structures can be arranged under the outer shell, the transmission through the outer shell must be kept as low as possible.
  • the sum of reflectance, degree of absorption and transmittance is by definition l. It is considered to be substantially reflective and / or absorbent if the reflectance and / or the transmittance is at least 0.75, preferably at least 0.9, particularly preferably at least 0.95.
  • the underwater vehicle has a substantially cylindrical pressure body under the outer shell.
  • the outer shell does not completely cover the cylindrical pressure body.
  • the pressure body partially forms the outer shell. This can be the case, for example, at rather uncritical places, for example at the bottom.
  • sensors in particular passive sonar sensors and / or fuel stores, are arranged between outer shell and pressure body.
  • Fuel stores include all forms of warehousing required to operate the submarine, such as gasoline or diesel tanks, hydrogen storage, such as compressed gas storage, liquid hydrogen storage or metal hydride storage, oxygen storage, such as compressed gas storage or liquid oxygen Storage, methanol storage, ethanol storage, batteries, accumulators and compressed gas storage for gas turbines as well as autonomous or remote-controlled underwater vehicles, weapons, such as torpedoes or missiles, or decoys.
  • hydrogen storage such as compressed gas storage, liquid hydrogen storage or metal hydride storage
  • oxygen storage such as compressed gas storage or liquid oxygen Storage
  • methanol storage ethanol storage
  • batteries accumulators and compressed gas storage for gas turbines as well as autonomous or remote-controlled underwater vehicles
  • weapons such as torpedoes or missiles, or decoys.
  • a propeller is arranged at the height of the widest point of the outer skin.
  • the underwater vehicle is a submarine.
  • the underwater vehicle is a military underwater vehicle, more preferably a military submarine.
  • the underwater vehicle according to the invention is explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings.
  • FIG. 1 top view of an inventive underwater vehicle
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section of a first exemplary underwater vehicle
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section of a second exemplary underwater vehicle
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section of a third exemplary underwater vehicle
  • FIG. 1 shows a top view of an underwater vehicle 10 with a bow section 20, a midship section 30 and a rear section 40, wherein the underwater vehicle in the rear section 40 has a rudder 60, here in the form of a rudder a propeller 70 has.
  • the underwater vehicle 10 has an outer shell 50, which has a curvature of the central nave section in the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle 10, as can be seen in comparison to a pressure body 80 shown in simplified form as a cylinder.
  • the pressure body 80 at the bow and at the rear also have rounded ends, preferably hemispherical ends, which was neglected here for simplicity.
  • the pressure body 80 does not take the full length.
  • gun barrels can be arranged in the bow. Fig.
  • the outer shell 80 has a hexagonal cross section, the widest point 100 is located exactly at the height of the center 90, which is formed by the center of the cylindrical pressure body 80. This point is here and hereinafter used mutatis mutandis as the center according to half the height of the polygonal cross-section, as they practically coincide, the center can be visualized more easily. All surfaces of the outer shell 50 have an angle of 30 ° or 90 ° relative to the vertical.
  • FIG. 3 shows a second exemplary cross section.
  • the outer shell 80 has an irregular hexagonal cross-section, wherein the widest point 100 is located well above the center 90. As a result, a large part of the incident waves is reflected to the seabed, resulting in a further minimization of the detection probability.
  • 4 shows a third exemplary cross section.
  • the outer shell 80 has an irregular hexagonal cross-section, with the widest point 100 being located well below the center 90. Although this reflects a large part of the incident waves to the water surface, the center of gravity of the underwater vehicle 10 can be arranged deeper. This is advantageous for the stability of the underwater vehicle 10.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section with rounded corners, which is otherwise in principle identical to the second exemplary cross section from FIG. 3.
  • fuel storage 110 and sonar sensors 120 are disposed between the outer shell 50 and the pressure body 80.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an underwater craft (10) that is less likely to be detected and comprises an outer shell (50), a bow section (20), a stern section (40) and a midship section (30); the outer shell (50) of the midship section (30) has a polygonal cross-section when viewed transversely to the longitudinal direction of the underwater craft (10), and the outer shell (50) of the midship section (30) is curved along the longitudinal direction of the underwater craft (10).

Description

Unterwasserfahrzeug mit reduzierter Detektionswahrscheinlichkeit über große Distanzen  Underwater vehicle with reduced detection probability over long distances
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Unterwasserfahrzeug, insbesondere ein Unterseeboot, mit einer äußeren Form, wobei die Form zur Reduzierung der Detektierbarkeit mittels aktiven Sonar optimiert ist. Hierdurch kann die Distanz, aus welcher das Unterfasserfahrzeug wahrscheinlich erfassbar ist, deutlich reduziert werden. The invention relates to an underwater vehicle, in particular a submarine, with an outer shape, wherein the shape is optimized to reduce the detectability by means of active sonar. As a result, the distance from which the undertray vehicle is likely to be detected, can be significantly reduced.
Unterwasserfahrzeuge, insbesondere militärische Unterseeboote, weisen aktuell üblicher Weise grob vereinfacht eine zylindrische Grundform im Mittelschiff mit einem halbkugelförmigen Bug und einem kegelförmigen Heck auf. Diese Form ist strömungsgünstig und als Einhüllen- oder Zweihüllenboot gut zu fertigen. Underwater vehicles, especially military submarines, currently have a conventional manner roughly simplified cylindrical basic shape in the nave with a hemispherical bow and a conical tail on. This form is streamlined and easy to produce as a single-hull or two-hulled boat.
Zur Detektion von Unterseebooten wird heute insbesondere Sonar verwendet, wobei die Detektion vorzugsweise über große Distanzen, beispielsweise 100 km, erfolgen soll. Dieses führt dazu, dass die Schallwellen des Sonars in einem sehr flachen Winkel parallel zur Wasseroberfläche auf ein Unterwasserfahrzeug treffen. Um die Detektion zu vermeiden, muss die Reflexion der Schallwellen insbesondere zum Sender hin vermieden werden wo meist auch der Empfänger sitzt. Aus dieser geometrischen Betrachtung ergibt sich, dass die Detektierbarkeit eines Unterwasserfahrzeugs auf große Distanz insbesondere von der Reflexion von Schall in einem Winkel von ± 20°, insbesondere in einem Winkel von ± 10° abhängig ist. For the detection of submarines, particular sonar is used today, whereby the detection is preferably carried out over long distances, for example 100 km. This causes the sonar sound waves to strike an underwater vehicle at a very shallow angle parallel to the water surface. In order to avoid the detection, the reflection of the sound waves must be avoided in particular to the transmitter where usually the receiver sits. From this geometrical consideration, it follows that the detectability of an underwater vehicle over a long distance depends in particular on the reflection of sound at an angle of ± 20 °, in particular at an angle of ± 10 °.
Auf kurze Distanzen sind andere Ortungsmöglichkeiten, insbesondere Wärme, Schallemission, magnetisches Verhalten und viele andere mehr relevant, sodass hier die Detektierbarkeit regelmäßig durch andere Parameter bestimmt wird. At short distances, other detection possibilities, in particular heat, acoustic emission, magnetic behavior and many others are more relevant, so that here the detectability is regularly determined by other parameters.
Ein zylindrischer Körper hat jedoch die Eigenschaft, eine Welle praktisch vertikal isotrop zu reflektieren und somit in alle vertikalen Raumrichtungen praktisch die gleiche Energie abzugeben. Dieses führt dazu, dass die Detektion im kritischen flachen Winkelbereich nicht besonders gering ist. A cylindrical body, however, has the property of reflecting a wave virtually vertically isotropically and thus giving virtually the same energy in all vertical spatial directions. This leads to the fact that the detection in the critical flat angle range is not particularly low.
Aus der US 1,500,997 ist eine plattenförmige Verkleidung eines Unterseebootes zur Reduktion der Signatur bekannt. From US 1,500,997 a plate-shaped fairing of a submarine to reduce the signature is known.
Aus der GB 531 892 A ist ein elektrisch angetriebenes Kleinst-Unterseeboot bekannt. Aus der DE 196 23 127 Cl ist ein Schallabsorber zur Verringerung des Zielmaßes bekannt. Aus der DE 197 54 333 AI ist ein Katamaran-Unterseeboot bekannt. From GB 531 892 A an electrically powered micro submarine is known. From DE 196 23 127 Cl a sound absorber for reducing the target size is known. From DE 197 54 333 AI a catamaran submarine is known.
Aus der DE 1 196 531 A ist ein Unterwasserfahrzeug mit gekrümmter Oberfläche bekannt. From DE 1 196 531 A an underwater vehicle with a curved surface is known.
Aus der US 2005/0145159 AI ist eine Schiffshüllenkonstruktion bekannt, welche eine Krümmung aufweist. From US 2005/0145159 AI a ship hull construction is known, which has a curvature.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Unterwasserfahrzeug zu schaffen, welches unter den Bedingungen der Ortung über Distanz eine deutlich verringerte Detektionswahrscheinlichkeit aufweist. Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch ein Unterwasserfahrzeug mit den in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sowie den Zeichnungen. The object of the invention is to provide an underwater vehicle which has a significantly reduced detection probability under the conditions of location over distance. This object is achieved by an underwater vehicle having the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous developments emerge from the subclaims, the following description and the drawings.
Das erfindungsgemäße Unterwasserfahrzeug mit reduzierter Detektionswahrscheinlichkeit weist eine Außenhülle auf. Das Unterwasserfahrzeug weist eine Bugsektion, eine Hecksektion und eine Mittelschiffsektion auf. Die Außenhülle der Mittelschiffsektion weist quer zur Längsrichtung des Unterwasserfahrzeugs einen polygonalen Querschnitt auf. Ferner weist die Außenhülle der Mittelschiffsektion eine Krümmung entlang der Längsrichtung des Unterwasserfahrzeugs über die gesamte Länge der Mittelschiffsektion auf. The underwater vehicle according to the invention with a reduced probability of detection has an outer shell. The underwater vehicle has a nose section, a stern section and a midship section. The outer shell of the midship section has a polygonal cross-section transverse to the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle. Further, the outer shell of the midship section has a curvature along the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle over the entire length of the central nave section.
Der polygonale Querschnitt an sich ist bekannt zur gezielten Reflexion einer Detektionswelle in eine vom Sender abweichende Richtung. Dieses ist im Flugzeugbau oder Schiffbau, beispielsweise der Sea Shadow, prinzipiell bekannt. Hier werden große, ebene und verkippte Flächen als Reflektoren verwendet. The polygonal cross section per se is known for the purposeful reflection of a detection wave in a direction deviating from the transmitter. This is known in aircraft or shipbuilding, for example, the Sea Shadow, in principle. Here large, flat and tilted surfaces are used as reflectors.
Dieses alleine hat den Nachteil, dass auch Reflexionen höherer Ordnung in andere Winkel auftreten und so eine Detektierbarkeit auch im kritischen flachen Winkelbereich erfolgen kann. Des Weiteren ist für ein Unterseeboot eine derartige Anordnung alleine auch nicht so wirksam wie beispielsweise für ein Flugzeug, da ein Unterseeboot von mehreren Grenzflächen umgeben ist, an denen eine Reflektion zum Sender erfolgen kann. Derartige Grenzflächen sind beispielsweise vor allem der Meeresgrund und die Wasseroberfläche, aber auch Flächen, die sich aus der Schichtung des Meerwassers ergeben können und Reflektionsebenen darstellen. Um diesen Nachteil zu minimieren weist erfindungsgemäß die Außenhülle der Mittelschiffsektion eine Krümmung entlang der Längsrichtung des Unterwasserfahrzeugs auf. Hierdurch treten beide Effekte, Reflexion und Dispersion, auf. Effekt ist, dass die Energie der Detektionswelle im kritischen flachen Winkelbereich deutlich minimiert werden kann. Die Krümmung der Außenhülle der Mittelschiffsektion erstreckt sich über die gesamte Länge der Mittelschiffsektion. Die Krümmung kann hierbei über die Länge einen veränderlichen Krümmungsradius aufweisen, der Krümmungsradius darf jedoch nicht unendlich werden. Hierdurch würde sich wenigstens an einer Stelle eine ebene Fläche bilden, welche einen eintreffenden Strahl ohne Dispersion reflektieren würde. Die Mittelschiffsektion ist zwischen der Bugsektion und der Hecksektion angeordnet. Die Bugsektion weist eine Länge von 5 % bis 40 %, bevorzugt von 5 % bis 30 %, besonders bevorzugt von 5 % bis 20 % der Gesamtlänge des Unterwasserfahrzeugs auf, wobei die Bugsektion am Bug des Unterwasserfahrzeugs beginnt. Die Hecksektion weist eine Länge von 5 % bis 40 %, bevorzugt von 5 % bis 30 %, besonders bevorzugt von 5 % bis 20 % der Gesamtlänge des Unterwasserfahrzeugs auf, wobei die Hecksektion am Heck des Unterwasserfahrzeugs beginnt. Somit weist die Mittelschiffsektion eine Länge von 20 % bis 90 %, bevorzugt von 40 % bis 90 %, besonders bevorzugt von 60 % bis 90 % der Gesamtlänge des Unterwasserfahrzeugs auf. Hierdurch kann die Leistung der in Senderrichtung reflektierten Welle um Faktor beispielsweise 10.000 gegenüber einem konventionellen zylinderförmigen Unterwasserfahrzeug verringert werden. Hierdurch sinkt die Entfernung, auf weiche eine Detektion wahrscheinlich ist, um bis zu einer Größenordnung. Dieses steigert die Bewegungsfreiheit eines Unterwasserfahrzeugs deutlich. This alone has the disadvantage that higher-order reflections also occur in other angles and thus a detectability can also take place in the critical, flat angular range. Further, for a submarine, such an arrangement alone is not as effective as, for example, an aircraft because a submarine is surrounded by multiple interfaces is where a reflection to the transmitter can take place. Such interfaces are, for example, especially the seabed and the water surface, but also areas that may result from the stratification of seawater and reflection levels represent. In order to minimize this disadvantage, according to the invention, the outer shell of the center section has a curvature along the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle. As a result, both effects, reflection and dispersion occur. The effect is that the energy of the detection wave in the critical flat angle range can be significantly minimized. The curvature of the outer shell of the midship section extends the entire length of the midship section. The curvature may have a variable radius of curvature over the length, but the radius of curvature may not be infinite. As a result, a flat surface would form at least at one point, which would reflect an incident beam without dispersion. The midship section is located between the bow section and the stern section. The bow section has a length of 5% to 40%, preferably 5% to 30%, more preferably 5% to 20% of the total length of the underwater vehicle, with the bow section beginning at the bow of the underwater vehicle. The tail section has a length of 5% to 40%, preferably 5% to 30%, more preferably 5% to 20% of the total length of the underwater vehicle, with the tail section beginning at the stern of the underwater vehicle. Thus, the midship section has a length of 20% to 90%, preferably 40% to 90%, more preferably 60% to 90% of the total length of the underwater vehicle. As a result, the power of the wave reflected in the transmitter direction can be reduced by a factor of, for example, 10,000 compared to a conventional cylindrical underwater vehicle. This reduces the distance to which detection is likely to be up to an order of magnitude. This significantly increases the freedom of movement of an underwater vehicle.
Als polygonaler Querschnitt kann zum Beispiel ein Dreieck oder ein Viereck vorkommen, wobei diese beiden Polygone aufgrund der geringen Anpassungsmöglichkeit eher weniger bevorzugt sind. Bevorzugt sind hingegen Polygone mit 5 bis 10 Ecken beziehungsweise Seiten, wobei die Länge der Seiten sich weiter bevorzugt unterscheiden. Besonders bevorzugt sind gegenüberliegende Seiten paarweise jeweils gleich lang. As a polygonal cross-section may occur, for example, a triangle or a quadrilateral, these two polygons are rather less preferred due to the low adaptability. In contrast, polygons having 5 to 10 corners or sides are preferred, wherein the Length of the sides are more preferably different. Particularly preferred are opposite sides in pairs of the same length.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist der polygonale Querschnitt abgerundete Eckbereiche auf. Dieses ist fertigungstechnisch und hydrodynamisch vorteilhaft. In a further embodiment of the invention, the polygonal cross-section has rounded corner regions. This is advantageous in terms of production technology and hydrodynamics.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist der polygonale Querschnitt senkrecht zur Längsachse eine Spiegelebene auf. Dieses bedeutet, dass die Außenkontur der Backbordseite und der Steuerbordseite gleich sind. In a further embodiment of the invention, the polygonal cross section has a mirror plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. This means that the outer contour of the port side and the starboard side are the same.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist die Außenhülle der Mittelschiffsektion quer zur Längsrichtung des Unterwasserfahrzeugs über den gesamten Querschnitt eine Krümmung entlang der Längsrichtung des Unterwasserfahrzeugs auf. In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist die Außenhülle wenigstens ein erstes Segment auf, wobei das erste Segment in Längsrichtung des Unterwasserfahrzeugseinen ersten Kegelschnitt bildet oder aus zwei oder mehreren Kegelschnitten zusammengesetzt ist. Ein Segment ist als ein Bereich definiert, welcher oben und unten durch die Kanten des polygonalen Querschnitts begrenzt ist. In Längsrichtung ist die Ausdehnung des Segments durch die Ausdehnung der Mittelschiffsektion begrenzt. Ein Kegelschnitt ist ein Teilbereich des Mantels eines Kegels. Besonders bevorzugt weisen ein erstes Segment und ein auf der gegenüberliegenden Schiffsseite liegendes korrespondierendes zweites Segment spiegelbildliche Kegelausschnitte auf. Ein Kegel oder Konus ist eine geometrische Figur, welche sich über Höhe und Radius definiert. Bei einem Kegelausschnitt ändert sich somit der Krümmungsradius quer zur Längsrichtung des Unterwasserfahrzeugs kontinuierlich. Selbstverständlich kann es sich auch um einen Kegelausschnitt eines schiefen Kegels handeln, bei welchem die Höhenachse nicht mittig zur kreisförmigen Grundfläche liegt. In a further embodiment of the invention, the outer sheath of the central ship section transversely to the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle over the entire cross section has a curvature along the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle. In a further embodiment of the invention, the outer shell has at least one first segment, wherein the first segment forms a first conic section in the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle or is composed of two or more conic sections. A segment is defined as an area bounded above and below by the edges of the polygonal cross-section. In the longitudinal direction, the expansion of the segment is limited by the extent of the midship section. A conic is a portion of the shell of a cone. Particularly preferably, a first segment and a corresponding second segment lying on the opposite side of the ship have mirror-image conic sections. A cone or cone is a geometric figure defined by its height and radius. In a conic section, the radius of curvature transversely to the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle thus changes continuously. Of course, it may also be a conic section of an oblique cone, in which the elevation axis is not centered to the circular base.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist die Außenhülle wenigstens ein drittes Segment auf, wobei das dritte Segment in Längsrichtung des Unterwasserfahrzeugs zumindest abschnittsweise, bevorzugt vollständig, einen dritten Kegelschnitt bildet, wobei Höhe und/oder Radius des dritten Kegelschnitts von Höhe und/oder Radius des ersten Kegelschnitts verschieden sind. In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist der Kegel des Kegelschnitts eine Höhe auf, wobei das Verhältnis von Höhe zu Länge des Unterwasserfahrzeugs zwischen 0,5 und 1.000, bevorzugt zwischen 3,5 und 130, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 8,0 und 35, liegt. In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist der Kegel des Kegelschnitts einen Durchmesser auf, wobei das Verhältnis von Kegeldurchmesser zu Länge des Unterwasserfahrzeugs zwischen 2 und 100, bevorzugt zwischen 6 und 50, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 10 und 20, liegt. In a further embodiment of the invention, the outer shell has at least a third segment, wherein the third segment forms a third conic section at least in sections, preferably completely, in the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle, wherein the height and / or radius of the third conic section of height and / or radius of the first conic section are different. In a further embodiment of the invention, the cone of the conic section has a height, wherein the ratio of height to length of the underwater vehicle is between 0.5 and 1000, preferably between 3.5 and 130, particularly preferably between 8.0 and 35. In a further embodiment of the invention, the cone of the conic section has a diameter, wherein the ratio of cone diameter to length of the underwater vehicle is between 2 and 100, preferably between 6 and 50, particularly preferably between 10 and 20.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist das Unterwasserfahrzeug in der Mittelschiffsektion einen Turm auf. Besonders bevorzugt weist der Turm um wenigstens 10°, besonders bevorzugt um wenigstens 20°, gegenüber der Senkrechten geneigte Außenwände auf. In a further embodiment of the invention, the underwater vehicle has a tower in the central nave section. Particularly preferably, the tower on at least 10 °, more preferably at least 20 °, with respect to the vertical inclined outer walls.
Besonders bevorzugt weist der Turm den gleichen Winkel wie die unterhalb des Turm angrenzende Seite des polygonalen Querschnitts auf. Particularly preferably, the tower has the same angle as the side of the polygonal cross-section adjoining below the tower.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist die Krümmung der Mittelschiffssektion einen Krümmungsradius auf, wobei das Verhältnis von Krümmungsradius zu Länge des Unterwasserfahrzeugs zwischen 5 und 1.000, bevorzugt zwischen 10 und 250, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 25 und 100, liegt. In a further embodiment of the invention, the curvature of the midship section has a radius of curvature, wherein the ratio of radius of curvature to length of the underwater vehicle is between 5 and 1000, preferably between 10 and 250, particularly preferably between 25 and 100.
Die Krümmung der Mittelschiffssektion muss nicht über die gesamte Länge konstant sein. Die Krümmung der Mittelschiffssektion kann insbesondere angrenzend an die Bugsektion und/oder Hecksektion zu den Sektionen hin ansteigend sein, beispielsweise um einen Übergang zu schaffen. Bevorzugt ist die Krümmung im Übergang vom Mittelschiff zur Bugsektion zunehmend und im Übergang vom Mittelschiff zum Bereich der Hecksektion abnehmend. Beispielsweise ergibt sich somit für ein Unterwasserfahrzeug mit 80 m Länge eine Krümmung der Mittelschiffssektion welche eine Querschnittsvergrößerung eines gedachten, das Mittelschiff umfassenden Kreises gegenüber einer ungekrümmten, geraden Zylinderform von etwa 0,5 m bis 2 m bewirkt, wobei der Turm oder andere Auf- oder Anbauten hier gedanklich nicht berücksichtigt werden. In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist der polygonale Querschnitt eine breiteste Stelle auf, wobei die breiteste Stelle des polygonalen Querschnitts unterhalb oder oberhalb der Mitte angeordnet ist, wobei die Mitte die halbe Höhe des polygonalen Querschnitts definiert ist. The curvature of the midship section does not have to be constant over the entire length. In particular, the curvature of the midship section may be ascending to the sections adjacent to the bow section and / or tail section, for example, to provide a transition. Preferably, the curvature in the transition from the central nave to the bow section is increasing and decreasing in the transition from the central nave to the area of the tail section. For example, for an underwater vehicle of 80 m in length, this results in a curvature of the central nave section which causes a cross-sectional enlargement of an imaginary circle surrounding the central nave opposite an unbent, straight cylindrical shape of about 0.5 m to 2 m, the tower or other up or Attachments are not mentally considered here. In a further embodiment of the invention, the polygonal cross-section has a widest point, the widest point of the polygonal cross-section being arranged below or above the center, the center being defined half the height of the polygonal cross-section.
Die Abweichung von einer symmetrischen Auslegung ermöglicht es, gezielt einen größeren Teil der eintreffenden Detektionswelle in die gleiche Richtung abzulenken. Befindet sich die breiteste Stelle unterhalb der Mitte, so wird der größere Teil nach oben und somit zur Wasseroberfläche reflektiert. Befindet sich die breiteste Stelle oberhalb der Mitte, so wird der größere Teil nach unten und somit zum Meeresgrund reflektiert. Für die Bootsstabilität ist die erste für die Verringerung des Zielmaßes die zweite Variante bevorzugt. The deviation from a symmetrical design makes it possible to divert a larger part of the incoming detection wave in the same direction. If the widest point is below the middle, the larger part will be reflected upwards and thus towards the water surface. If the widest point is above the middle, the larger part is reflected downwards and thus to the seabed. For the boat stability, the first is preferred for the reduction of the target measure, the second variant.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die breiteste Stelle des polygonalen Querschnitts wenigstens 10 %, bevorzugt wenigstens 20 % der halben Höhe des polygonalen Querschnitts unterhalb oder oberhalb der Mitte angeordnet. In a further embodiment of the invention, the widest point of the polygonal cross section is arranged at least 10%, preferably at least 20%, of the half height of the polygonal cross section below or above the middle.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung weisen alle Ebenen des polygonalen Querschnitts eine Neigung von wenigstens 10°, bevorzugt von wenigstens 20°, gegenüber der Senkrechten auf. In a further embodiment of the invention, all planes of the polygonal cross section have an inclination of at least 10 °, preferably of at least 20 °, with respect to the vertical.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung weisen alle Ebenen des polygonalen Querschnitts eine Neigung von 10° bis 40° oder 50° bis 80° gegenüber der Senkrechten auf. Auch der Winkel von 45° ist zu vermeiden, da hierbei die eintreffende Welle beispielsweise an die Wasseroberfläche reflektiert wird, von dieser zurück reflektiert wird und dann wieder direkt zum Sender reflektiert wird. Zwar wird die Intensität durch die Mehrfachreflexion geringer, ist aber dennoch gegenüber anderen Winkeln deutlich erhöht. In a further embodiment of the invention, all planes of the polygonal cross section have an inclination of 10 ° to 40 ° or 50 ° to 80 ° with respect to the vertical. Also, the angle of 45 ° is to be avoided, since in this case the incoming wave is reflected, for example, to the water surface, is reflected by this back and then reflected directly back to the transmitter. Although the intensity is reduced by the multiple reflection, but is still significantly increased compared to other angles.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist die Außenhülle eine schallabsorbierende Eigenschaft auf. Zusätzlich zur optimierten Geometrie kann die Außenhülle aus einem schallabsorbierenden Material bestehen, dieses aufweisen oder damit beschichtet sein. Da die Absorption nie vollständig sein kann, kombinieren sich die beiden Effekte positiv. In a further embodiment of the invention, the outer shell has a sound-absorbing property. In addition to the optimized geometry, the outer shell can be made of, have or be coated with a sound absorbing material. Since the absorption can never be complete, the two effects combine positively.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Außenhülle für Schallwellen Frequenzbereich von 100 Hz bis 100 kHz, insbesondere im Bereich von 1 kHz bis 25 kHz Wesentlichen reflektierend und/oder absorbierend ist. Da unter der Außenhülle andere, nicht optimierte Strukturen angeordnet sein können, muss die Transmission durch die Außenhülle so gering wie möglich gehalten werden. Die Summe aus Reflexionsgrad, Absorptionsgrad und Transmissionsgrad beträgt definitionsgemäß l. Als im Wesentlichen reflektierend und/oder absorbierend wird angesehen, wenn der Reflexionsgrad und/oder der Transmissionsgrad wenigstens 0,75 bevorzugt wenigstens 0,9, besonders bevorzugt wenigstens 0,95 beträgt. In a further embodiment of the invention, the outer envelope for sound waves frequency range from 100 Hz to 100 kHz, in particular in the range of 1 kHz to 25 kHz Is substantially reflective and / or absorbent. Since other, non-optimized structures can be arranged under the outer shell, the transmission through the outer shell must be kept as low as possible. The sum of reflectance, degree of absorption and transmittance is by definition l. It is considered to be substantially reflective and / or absorbent if the reflectance and / or the transmittance is at least 0.75, preferably at least 0.9, particularly preferably at least 0.95.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist das Unterwasserfahrzeug unter der Außenhülle einen im Wesentlichen zylindrischen Druckkörper auf. In a further embodiment of the invention, the underwater vehicle has a substantially cylindrical pressure body under the outer shell.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung umfasst die Außenhülle den zylindrischen Druckkörper nicht vollständig. Somit bildet der Druckkörper bereichsweise die Außenhülle. Dieses kann beispielsweise an eher unkritischen Stellen, beispielsweise an der Unterseite der Fall sein. In a further embodiment of the invention, the outer shell does not completely cover the cylindrical pressure body. Thus, the pressure body partially forms the outer shell. This can be the case, for example, at rather uncritical places, for example at the bottom.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind zwischen Außenhülle und Druckkörper Sensoren, insbesondere passive Sonarsensoren und/oder Betriebsstoffspeicher angeordnet. In a further embodiment of the invention, sensors, in particular passive sonar sensors and / or fuel stores, are arranged between outer shell and pressure body.
Betriebsstoffspeicher umfassen alle Formen von Lagergütern, die zum Betrieb des Unterseeboots erforderlich sind, beispielhaft sind dieses Benzin- oder Dieseltanks, Wasserstoffspeicher, beispielsweise in Form von Druckgasspeicher, Flüssig-Wasserstoff- Speicher oder Metallhydridspeicher, Sauerstoffspeicher, beispielsweise in Form von Druckgasspeicher oder Flüssig-Sauerstoff-Speicher, Methanolspeicher, Ethanolspeicher, Batterien, Akkumulatoren sowie Druckgasspeicher für Gasturbinen aber auch autonome oder ferngesteuerte Unterwasserfahrzeuge, Waffen, wie zum Beispiel Torpedos oder Flugkörper, oder Täuschkörper. Fuel stores include all forms of warehousing required to operate the submarine, such as gasoline or diesel tanks, hydrogen storage, such as compressed gas storage, liquid hydrogen storage or metal hydride storage, oxygen storage, such as compressed gas storage or liquid oxygen Storage, methanol storage, ethanol storage, batteries, accumulators and compressed gas storage for gas turbines as well as autonomous or remote-controlled underwater vehicles, weapons, such as torpedoes or missiles, or decoys.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist ein Propeller auf der Höhe der breitesten Stelle der Außenhaut angeordnet. In a further embodiment of the invention, a propeller is arranged at the height of the widest point of the outer skin.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das Unterwasserfahrzeug ein Unterseeboot. Bevorzugt ist das Unterwasserfahrzeug ein militärisches Unterwasserfahrzeug, besonders bevorzugt ein militärisches Unterseeboot. Nachfolgend ist das erfindungsgemäße Unterwasserfahrzeug anhand in den Zeichnungen dargestellter Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. In a further embodiment of the invention, the underwater vehicle is a submarine. Preferably, the underwater vehicle is a military underwater vehicle, more preferably a military submarine. Below, the underwater vehicle according to the invention is explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings.
Fig. 1 Aufsicht auf ein erfindungsgemäßes Unterwasserfahrzeug Fig. 1 top view of an inventive underwater vehicle
Fig. 2 Querschnitt eines ersten beispielhaften Unterwasserfahrzeugs 2 shows a cross section of a first exemplary underwater vehicle
Fig. 3 Querschnitt eines zweiten beispielhaften Unterwasserfahrzeugs  3 shows a cross section of a second exemplary underwater vehicle
Fig. 4 Querschnitt eines dritten beispielhaften Unterwasserfahrzeugs  4 shows a cross section of a third exemplary underwater vehicle
Fig. 5 Querschnitt eines vierten beispielhaften Unterwasserfahrzeugs In Fig. 1 ist die Aufsicht ein Unterwasserfahrzeug 10 mit einer Bugsektion 20, einer Mittelschiffsektion 30 und einer Hecksektion 40 dargestellt, wobei das Unterwasserfahrzeug in der Hecksektion 40 ein Ruder 60, hier in Form eines Kreuzruders, und einen Propeller 70 aufweist. Das Unterwasserfahrzeug 10 weist eine Außenhülle 50 auf, welche in Längsrichtung des Unterwasserfahrzeugs 10 eine Krümmung der Mittelschiffssektion aufweist, wie im Vergleich zu einem vereinfacht als Zylinder dargestelltem Druckkörper 80 erkennbar ist. Praktisch wird der Druckkörper 80 am Bug und am Heck auch abgerundete Enden, vorzugsweise halbkugelförmige Enden aufweisen, was hier zur Vereinfachung vernachlässig wurde. Auch muss der Druckkörper 80 nicht die volle Länge einnehmen. Insbesondere können im Bug Waffenrohre angeordnet sein. Fig. 2 zeigt einen ersten beispielhaften Querschnitt. Die Außenhülle 80 weist einen hexagonalen Querschnitt auf, die breiteste Stelle 100 liegt genau auf der Höhe der Mitte 90, welche durch den Mittelpunkt des zylinderförmigen Druckkörpers 80 gebildet wird. Dieser Punkt wird hier und im Folgenden sinngemäß als Mitte gemäß der halben Höhe des polygonalen Querschnitts verwendet, da diese praktisch zusammenfallen, sich der Mittelpunkt jedoch einfacher visuell darstellen lässt. Alle Flächen der Außenhülle 50 weisen einen Winkel von 30° beziehungsweise 90° gegenüber der Senkrechten auf.  FIG. 1 shows a top view of an underwater vehicle 10 with a bow section 20, a midship section 30 and a rear section 40, wherein the underwater vehicle in the rear section 40 has a rudder 60, here in the form of a rudder a propeller 70 has. The underwater vehicle 10 has an outer shell 50, which has a curvature of the central nave section in the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle 10, as can be seen in comparison to a pressure body 80 shown in simplified form as a cylinder. Practically, the pressure body 80 at the bow and at the rear also have rounded ends, preferably hemispherical ends, which was neglected here for simplicity. Also, the pressure body 80 does not take the full length. In particular, gun barrels can be arranged in the bow. Fig. 2 shows a first exemplary cross section. The outer shell 80 has a hexagonal cross section, the widest point 100 is located exactly at the height of the center 90, which is formed by the center of the cylindrical pressure body 80. This point is here and hereinafter used mutatis mutandis as the center according to half the height of the polygonal cross-section, as they practically coincide, the center can be visualized more easily. All surfaces of the outer shell 50 have an angle of 30 ° or 90 ° relative to the vertical.
Fig. 3 zeigt einen zweiten beispielhaften Querschnitt. Die Außenhülle 80 weist einen unregelmäßigen sechseckigen Querschnitt auf, wobei die breiteste Stelle 100 deutlich oberhalb der Mitte 90 angeordnet ist. Hierdurch wird ein Großteil der einfallenden Wellen zum Meeresgrund reflektiert, was eine weitere Minimierung der Detektionswahrscheinlichkeit zur Folge hat. Fig. 4 zeigt einen dritten beispielhaften Querschnitt. Die Außenhülle 80 weist einen unregelmäßigen sechseckigen Querschnitt auf, wobei die breiteste Stelle 100 deutlich unterhalb der Mitte 90 angeordnet ist. Hierdurch wird zwar ein Großteil der einfallenden Wellen zur Wasseroberfläche reflektiert, der Schwerpunkt des Unterwasserfahrzeugs 10 kann jedoch tiefer angeordnet werden. Dieses ist für die Stabilität des Unterwasserfahrzeugs 10 vorteilhaft. 3 shows a second exemplary cross section. The outer shell 80 has an irregular hexagonal cross-section, wherein the widest point 100 is located well above the center 90. As a result, a large part of the incident waves is reflected to the seabed, resulting in a further minimization of the detection probability. 4 shows a third exemplary cross section. The outer shell 80 has an irregular hexagonal cross-section, with the widest point 100 being located well below the center 90. Although this reflects a large part of the incident waves to the water surface, the center of gravity of the underwater vehicle 10 can be arranged deeper. This is advantageous for the stability of the underwater vehicle 10.
Im Gegensatz zu Fig. 2 bis Fig. 4 zeigt Fig. 5 einen Querschnitt mit abgerundeten Ecken, der ansonsten prinzipiell gleich mit dem zweiten beispielhaften Querschnitt aus Fig. 3 ist. Zusätzlich sind zwischen der Außenhülle 50 und dem Druckkörper 80 Treibstoffspeicher 110 und Sonarsensoren 120 angeordnet. In contrast to FIG. 2 to FIG. 4, FIG. 5 shows a cross section with rounded corners, which is otherwise in principle identical to the second exemplary cross section from FIG. 3. In addition, fuel storage 110 and sonar sensors 120 are disposed between the outer shell 50 and the pressure body 80.
Alle in Fig. 2 bis Fig. 5 gezeigten Querschnitte sind spiegelsymmetrisch ausgeführt. Dieses ist nicht notwendig, aber bevorzugt. Bezugszeichen All cross sections shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 are mirror-symmetrical. This is not necessary, but preferred. reference numeral
10 Unterwasserfahrzeug  10 underwater vehicle
20 Bugsektion  20 nose section
30 Mittelschiffsektion  30 midship section
40 Hecksektion  40 rear section
50 Außenhülle  50 outer shell
60 Ruder  60 oars
70 Propeller  70 propellers
80 Druckkörper  80 pressure hull
90 Mitte  90 middle
100 breiteste Stelle  100 widest point
110 Treibstoffspeicher  110 fuel storage
120 Sonarsensoren  120 sonar sensors

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Unterwasserfahrzeug (10) mit reduzierter Detektionswahrscheinlichkeit, wobei das Unterwasserfahrzeug (10) eine Außenhülle (50) aufweist, wobei das Unterwasserfahrzeug (10) eine Bugsektion (20), eine Hecksektion (40) und eine Mittelschiffsektion (30) aufweist, wobei die Außenhülle (50) der Mittelschiffsektion (30) quer zur Längsrichtung des Unterwasserfahrzeugs (10) einen polygonalen Querschnitt aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Außenhülle (50) der Mittelschiffsektion (30) eine Krümmung entlang der Längsrichtung des Unterwasserfahrzeugs (10) über die gesamte Länge der Mittelschiffsektion (30) aufweist. An underwater vehicle (10) having a reduced probability of detection, said underwater vehicle (10) having an outer shell (50), said underwater vehicle (10) having a bow section (20), a stern section (40) and a midship section (30), said Outer shell (50) of the center section (30) transversely to the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle (10) has a polygonal cross section, characterized in that the outer shell (50) of the central section (30) has a curvature along the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle (10) over the entire length the central ship section (30).
2. Unterwasserfahrzeug (10) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der polygonale Querschnitt abgerundete Eckbereiche aufweist. 2. Underwater vehicle (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the polygonal cross-section has rounded corner regions.
3. Unterwasserfahrzeug (10) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der polygonale Querschnitt senkrecht zur Längsachse eine Spiegelebene aufweist. 3. underwater vehicle (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polygonal cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis has a mirror plane.
4. Unterwasserfahrzeug (10) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Außenhülle (50) der Mittelschiffsektion (30) quer zur Längsrichtung des Unterwasserfahrzeugs (10) über den gesamten Querschnitt eine Krümmung entlang der Längsrichtung des Unterwasserfahrzeugs (10) aufweist. 4. underwater vehicle (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer shell (50) of the center section (30) transversely to the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle (10) over the entire cross section has a curvature along the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle (10).
5. Unterwasserfahrzeug (10) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die5. underwater vehicle (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that the
Außenhülle (50) in Längsrichtung des Unterwasserfahrzeugs (10) einen Kegelschnitt bildet oder aus zwei oder mehreren Kegelschnitten zusammengesetzt ist. Outer shell (50) in the longitudinal direction of the underwater vehicle (10) forms a conic section or is composed of two or more conical sections.
6. Unterwasserfahrzeug (10) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Unterwasserfahrzeug (10) in der Mittelschiffsektion (30) einen Turm aufweist. 6. underwater vehicle (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the underwater vehicle (10) in the central nave section (30) has a tower.
7. Unterwasserfahrzeug (10) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Krümmung der Mittelschiffssektion einen Krümmungsradius aufweist, wobei das Verhältnis von Krümmungsradius zu Länge des Unterwasserfahrzeugs (10) zwischen 5 und 1.000, bevorzugt zwischen 10 und 250, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 25 und 100, liegt. 7. underwater vehicle (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the curvature of the central section has a radius of curvature, wherein the ratio of radius of curvature to length of the underwater vehicle (10) between 5 and 1,000, preferably between 10 and 250, more preferably between 25 and 100, lies.
8. Unterwasserfahrzeug (10) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der polygonale Querschnitt eine breiteste Stelle (100) aufweist, wobei die breiteste Stelle (100) des polygonalen Querschnitts unterhalb oder oberhalb der Mitte (90) angeordnet ist, wobei die Mitte (90) als halbe Höhe des polygonalen Querschnitts definiert ist. 8. An underwater vehicle (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the polygonal cross section has a widest point (100), wherein the widest point (100) of the polygonal cross section below or above the center (90) is arranged, wherein the Center (90) is defined as half the height of the polygonal cross section.
9. Unterwasserfahrzeug (10) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die breiteste Stelle (100) des polygonalen Querschnitts wenigstens 10 %, bevorzugt wenigstens 20 % der halben Höhe des polygonalen Querschnittsunterhalb oder oberhalb der Mitte (90) angeordnet ist. 9. underwater vehicle (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that the widest point (100) of the polygonal cross section at least 10%, preferably at least 20% of half the height of the polygonal cross section is arranged below or above the center (90).
10. Unterwasserfahrzeug (10) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass alle Ebenen des polygonalen Querschnitts eine Neigung von wenigstens 10°, bevorzugt von wenigstens 20°, gegenüber der Senkrechten aufweisen. 10. Underwater vehicle (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all planes of the polygonal cross-section have an inclination of at least 10 °, preferably of at least 20 °, with respect to the vertical.
11. Unterwasserfahrzeug (10) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass alle Ebenen des polygonalen Querschnitts eine Neigung von 10° bis 40° oder 50° bis 80° gegenüber der Senkrechten aufweisen. 11. underwater vehicle (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all the planes of the polygonal cross section have an inclination of 10 ° to 40 ° or 50 ° to 80 ° relative to the vertical.
12. Unterwasserfahrzeug (10) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Außenhülle (50) eine schallabsorbierende Eigenschaft aufweist. 12. underwater vehicle (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer shell (50) has a sound-absorbing property.
13. Unterwasserfahrzeug (10) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Außenhülle (50) für Schallwellen im Frequenzbereich von 100 Hz bis 100 kHz, insbesondere im Bereich von 1 kHz bis 25 kHz im Wesentlichen reflektierend und/oder absorbierend ist. 13. underwater vehicle (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer shell (50) for sound waves in the frequency range of 100 Hz to 100 kHz, in particular in the range of 1 kHz to 25 kHz is substantially reflective and / or absorbent.
14. Unterwasserfahrzeug (10) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Unterwasserfahrzeug (10) unter der Außenhülle (50) einen im Wesentlichen zylindrischen Druckkörper (80) aufweist. 14. underwater vehicle (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the underwater vehicle (10) under the outer shell (50) has a substantially cylindrical pressure body (80).
15. Unterwasserfahrzeug (10) nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen Außenhülle (50) und Druckkörper (80) Sensoren, insbesondere passive Sonarsensoren (120), und/oder Treibstoffspeicher (110) angeordnet sind. 15. underwater vehicle (10) according to claim 14, characterized in that between the outer shell (50) and pressure body (80) sensors, in particular passive sonar sensors (120), and / or fuel storage (110) are arranged.
EP17804514.2A 2016-11-24 2017-11-20 Underwater craft less likely to be detected across great distances Active EP3544885B1 (en)

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DE102016014108.5A DE102016014108A1 (en) 2016-11-24 2016-11-24 Underwater vehicle with reduced detection probability over long distances
PCT/EP2017/079823 WO2018095873A1 (en) 2016-11-24 2017-11-20 Underwater craft less likely to be detected across great distances

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JP (1) JP6979069B2 (en)
KR (1) KR102230099B1 (en)
CN (1) CN110072769B (en)
AU (1) AU2017364150B2 (en)
BR (1) BR112019010518A2 (en)
DE (1) DE102016014108A1 (en)
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PL (2) PL3544885T3 (en)
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CN110072769B (en) 2022-01-18
EP3943377C0 (en) 2024-04-10
IL266803A (en) 2019-08-29
ES2980768T3 (en) 2024-10-03
EP3544885B1 (en) 2021-09-08
US20190315445A1 (en) 2019-10-17
JP6979069B2 (en) 2021-12-08
ES2895722T3 (en) 2022-02-22
AU2017364150A1 (en) 2019-06-20
AU2017364150B2 (en) 2020-06-25
PL3544885T3 (en) 2022-01-10
EP3943377B1 (en) 2024-04-10
BR112019010518A2 (en) 2019-10-01
DE102016014108A1 (en) 2018-05-24
EP3943377A1 (en) 2022-01-26
IL266803B (en) 2022-12-01
ZA201904042B (en) 2022-12-21
IL266803B2 (en) 2023-04-01
PL3943377T3 (en) 2024-06-24
CN110072769A (en) 2019-07-30
KR20190078641A (en) 2019-07-04
WO2018095873A1 (en) 2018-05-31
PT3544885T (en) 2021-10-29
US10814950B2 (en) 2020-10-27
JP2019536685A (en) 2019-12-19
KR102230099B1 (en) 2021-03-19

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