EP3543428B1 - Method for connecting a climbing bracket which is activatable automatically safe with an anchoring device, system with a climbing bracket and an anchoring device and climbing bracket - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for automatically activatable, secure connection of a climbing bracket to an anchoring device according to the preamble of patent claim 1. The invention also relates to a system with a climbing bracket and an anchoring device. The subject matter of the invention is also a climbing bracket according to the preamble of patent claim 5.

Climbing brackets of the type mentioned are used in order to be able to attach slab edge formwork with little effort and to be able to carry wall formwork, in particular also large-area wall formwork panels, and/or at the same time to be able to create scaffolding along the crowns of walls, in particular partial buildings. The climbing brackets have the shape of a right-angled triangle, one leg of which is the top and loads receiving traverse forms, the second leg comes into contact with the wall or the sub-structures to lie and the hypotenuse or base of the triangle is designed as a strut. A hook is formed on the traverse in the region of the connection of the two legs and as an extension of the traverse, the end of which engages in an anchoring device forming a recess in the wall. Such anchoring devices are fastened to the formwork before the substructure (wall) is poured, in that a mounting pin is fastened to the formwork with a nail and the opening in the anchoring device is then pushed onto the mounting pin. After the construction of the sub-structures, the mounting pin, which lies in the surface of the wall, can be removed and thus the opening of the anchoring device can be exposed. The anchoring device extends into the wall behind the opening and spaced a further distance downwardly from the opening so that the hook on the climbing bracket after insertion passes down through the opening and onto the lower edge of the box and on a there existing wall section can be hung. A climbing bracket anchoring device system constructed in this way can probably accommodate the required load capacity for the climbing bracket. However, the climbing bracket is only held by gravity and if a crane load accidentally attaches to the climbing bracket from below and lifts it, the climbing bracket is not secured and can detach from the wall.

In a further development of such a climbing bracket anchoring device system, a reinforcing iron is inserted in the box below the opening and the hook on the climbing bracket is cranked to such an extent that the cranked section grips under the reinforcing iron. However, only if the hook has previously been pulled back manually with a wedge and the climbing bracket has been pulled close to the wall, making lifting of the climbing bracket more difficult but not sufficiently secure. In a further embodiment of the known climbing bracket, the hook can be moved in the traverse and after the hook has been hung in the anchoring device, the climbing bracket can again be additionally secured by means of a wedge which penetrates the traverse and pulls back the hook. Such a climbing bracket is held relatively securely if it has been properly fastened, but the construction worker who is fastening the climbing bracket has to move over it and, unsecured, pass the wedge through the traverse and the hook outside the wall and also below its crown and strike. Another known climbing bracket has a T-shaped hook firmly connected to it. In order to introduce this climbing bracket into the anchoring device, the climbing bracket must be brought into a horizontal position and inserted through the horizontally arranged opening of the anchoring device and then pivoted by 90°. Such a climbing bracket can no longer be detached from the wall by mistake or external forces, but there is no way of bringing the climbing bracket close to the surface of the wall at different distances from it.

In the EP 3 032 002 a climbing bracket and a formwork part for such a climbing bracket is described, which climbing bracket comprises a frame and in this a movable hook which can be hung in the formwork part forming a wall recess and can be secured within the formwork part against detachment from the formwork part, whereby for the securing the shuttering part and the hook must each include at least one passive safety element. Such a securing part can be a securing flap which is pivoted in the formwork part and after the hook has been pushed in and lowered it comes to lie between the upper surface of the formwork part and the upper edge of the hook and is thus intended to prevent the hook from being lifted. In a further embodiment of this prior art, a lever that is guided in a slot is articulated on the hook. When the hook is inserted, this lever inclines so far that the hook can be inserted into the opening of the formwork part if the opening is very large, in particular in cross-section much larger, in particular higher. When lowering the hook in the shuttering part, the lever should tilt into a vertical position due to a frictional force and, as in the first exemplary embodiment, prevent the hook from being lifted. Since the pivoting of the lever can only be triggered by frictional contact and no clear end position is guaranteed, the securing of the console is also not guaranteed, in particular there is no visual control of the position of the lever. In both embodiments, a wedge must additionally and imperatively be driven through the upper traverse of the climbing bracket and the carrier of the hook, which is slidably mounted in the traverse, in order to prevent horizontal displacement and thus the risk of the safety lever tipping over. To attach a wedge, the construction worker has to bend over the wall as before and drive the wedge in below the crown of the partial structures on the climbing brackets. Furthermore, it is not clear how the safety lever later, when the climbing bracket is to be detached from the wall, is released from the safety position and thus released can be pulled out of the casing part. In addition, there is an acute risk that the wedge will either be forgotten to be attached or that the wedge will only be driven in incompletely, so that the wedge and the safety lever can become detached from their clamped position due to vibration during the subsequent concreting work. Furthermore, when concreting above the horizontal traverse, concrete can get through the opening, which is extra large for the purpose of inserting the lever, into the formwork part and harden there, so that the hook remains in the wall inseparably.

In general, it can be stated that all known climbing brackets require a separately operated safety element, such as a wedge, to ensure their safety.

The object of the present invention is to create a method and a climbing bracket for automatically activatable, secure connection of a climbing bracket to an anchoring device, in which the climbing bracket automatically secures itself in the anchoring device after the hook has been hooked into the anchoring device. Another object of the present invention is to create a system that allows the construction worker, without explanations or learning effort, to introduce the climbing bracket into the anchoring device as before and without further actions, i.e. without introducing safety elements such as a wedge, so that the climbing bracket after hanging definitely secured to the wall. A further object of the invention is to provide a climbing bracket that is forced onto the wall or into the wall during the hanging process without any manipulation by the construction worker

Anchoring device is drawn in, at the latest when the construction worker lets go of the climbing bracket, so that a play-free hold of the climbing bracket is guaranteed immediately and without using a wedge.

A further object of the invention is the creation of a climbing bracket which inevitably and automatically eliminates the inaccuracies that arise when setting the anchoring device or the climbing bracket is pressed tightly against the wall and held securely there, regardless of the position of the anchoring device.

A further object of the invention is the creation of a climbing bracket in which an automatic safety element prevents the hook from extending again after the end of the lowering of the hook on the climbing bracket, without active release being able to take place through manual intervention.

A further object of the invention is to provide an anchoring device for installation in a wall for anchoring a climbing bracket, in which the hook of the climbing bracket is secured against being pulled out both above and below the opening.

A further object of the invention is the creation of an anchoring device with such high strength that it can be anchored in the wall without additional reinforcing irons or the like.

The general object of the invention is consequently the creation of a climbing bracket which secures itself or inevitably and whose securing means do not have to be activated in a separate operation.

These problems are solved by a method according to the features of patent claim 1, a system according to the features of patent claim 11, and a climbing bracket according to the features of patent claim 5.

Advantageous developments of the invention are defined in the claims dependent on the independent claims 1 and 5, respectively.

When inserting the hook on the climbing bracket in the anchoring device, the essentially two-armed securing element on the hook can be pivoted upwards about an axis to such an extent that the first leg reaches a cross-sectional widening located above the insertion opening for the hook. At the same time, the second leg of the two-armed safety element locks on a locking bolt in such a way that the hook together with the climbing bracket can no longer be released from the anchoring device. Pulling out the climbing bracket from the Anchoring device is already prevented when the hook is only partially inserted, because at this point the vertical extension of the hook and the safety lever is greater than the height of the opening in the anchoring device, which is not the case with any known climbing bracket with safety elements. Of course, the securing element could also be articulated on the hook such that it could swing out laterally and, when inserted into the anchoring device, extend into a space located on the side of the insertion channel.

The release of the climbing bracket after completion of its assigned tasks, namely the support of formwork panels for the further concreting of the partial structures already constructed, can only take place if the safety bolt on the traverse or the upper, horizontally running leg, which is accessible from the outside, is against pressed by the force of a spring and thereby the locking of the two-armed safety element is released in its raised or laterally extended position. However, the lock can only be released if the climbing bracket is no longer loaded by formwork and is initially lifted vertically. In other words, even if the safety bolt is actuated intentionally or unintentionally, the climbing bracket is still held securely in the anchoring device.

Furthermore, in a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the climbing bracket succeeds without the construction worker having to do anything, that it inevitably comes into close contact with the wall of the substructure, i.e. the climbing bracket is pulled horizontally towards the wall as soon as the climbing bracket is no longer from the Construction worker is kept raised. Pulling towards the wall is compulsory and regardless of how far the anchoring device is from the surface of the wall, in which it is concreted in, is arranged. This eliminates inaccuracies when setting the anchoring device.

The anchoring device, which is advantageously made of steel, has a small width in relation to its height, the internal dimension of which corresponds substantially to the width of the hook and of the securing element placed next to it.

A pull-out strength that is greater than in the prior art is achieved by embossed outwardly protruding ribs or humps. The anchoring device can be produced inexpensively and with high quality in a progressive press from the coil in a few stamping and deep-drawing strokes from two halves connected to one another. The hook on the climbing bracket is preferably composed of two parallel elements, between which the securing element is pivotably inserted. Alternatively, the securing element can also lie to the side of a simple hook. Due to the small mass and the small width of the anchoring device, there is only a negligible weakening of the partial structures and on the side of the opening of the anchoring device it is only slightly covered by the concrete mass of the wall, so that blasting off due to too thin a cover or high load can be avoided . The anchoring device has a relatively long channel-like insertion area, in which the guide support for the hook can lie down after the hook has been inserted and within which the securing element prevents the climbing bracket from being lifted by the securing element. Furthermore, as soon as the hook is pushed into the anchoring device and lowered, the second leg of the securing element is prevented from pivoting upwards or downwards The safety lever pivoted above, ie the first leg, cannot pivot back down and allow extraction from the can.

Figur 1

Eine Schnittdarstellung des Eckbereichs einer Kletterkonsole mit dem Haken und dem Sicherungselement sowie beabstandet dazu einen Ausschnitt aus einer Wand mit darin eingegossener Verankerungsvorrichtung,

Figur 2

einen Schnitt durch den Hakenbereich der Kletterkonsole mit in die Verankerungsvorrichtung eingeführtem Haken und Sicherungselement, Kletterkonsole noch gehalten vom Bauarbeiter, bei Wandabstand A = 2 mm,

Figur 3

die vom Bauarbeiter nicht mehr gehaltene und dadurch abgesenkte Kletterkonsole mit ausgeschwenktem Sicherungselement, Kletterkonsole satt an Wand anliegend,

Figur 4

einen Schnitt durch den Hakenbereich der Kletterkonsole mit in die Verankerungsvorrichtung eingeführtem Haken und Sicherungselement, bei Wandabstand 7 mm, Haken nur teilweise im Schenkel der Kletterkonsole eingezogen,

Figur 5

die abgesenkte Kletterkonsole mit ausgeschwenktem Sicherungselement, Konsole satt an Wand anliegend, Haken vollständig eingezogen,

Figur 6

eine perspektivische Darstellung der Kletterkonsole mit hakenförmigem Ende, nicht eingeführt,

Figur 7

eine Seitenansicht des hakenförmigen Endes, Haken in Ausgangs-/ Ruhestellung, nicht eingeführt,

Figur 8

eine Seitenansicht des hakenförmigen Endes, Haken in Einhakstellung,

Figur 8a

einen Vertikalschnitt durch das Gehäuse und das Sicherungselement in Ruhestellung,

Figur 8b

einen Vertikalschnitt durch das Gehäuse und das Sicherungselement in verrasteter gesicherter Stellung,

Figur 9

eine teilweise aufgeschnittene Seitenansicht der Kletterkonsole mit aufgesetztem Abschalplattenhalter, Wand der Teilbaute nicht dargestellt,

Figur 10

eine Seitenansicht der Kletterkonsole mit aufgesetztem Abschalplattenträger nach dem Entfernen der vom Abschalplattenträger getragenen Schalplatte, Wand nicht dargestellt,

Figur 11

perspektivische Darstellung der Kletterkonsole mit Abschalplattenträger gemäss Figur 9,

Figur 11a

eine perspektivische Darstellung der Kletterkonsole gemäss Figur 11 rückseitig

Figur 12

perspektivische Darstellung der Kletterkonsole mit Abschalplattenträger gemäss Figur 10,

Figur 13

Aufsicht auf die Kletterkonsole mit dem Abschalplattenträger gemäss Figur 10,

Figur 14

Aufsicht auf die Kletterkonsole und dem Abschalplattenträger gemäss Figur 9,

Figur 15

Abschalplattenträger in perspektivischer Darstellung von hinten, geschlossen,

Figur 16

Abschalplattenträger in perspektivischer Darstellung von hinten, geöffnet,

Figur 17

Ansicht des Abschalplattenträgers von der Rückseite, Abschalplattenträger geöffnet,

Figur 18

eine Darstellung der Montage der Kletterkonsole mit einem Abschalplattenträger an einer Teilbaute vor dem Einführen des Hakens in die Verankerungsvorrichtung,

Figur 19

eine Darstellung des eingeführten Hakens an der Kletterkonsole vor dem Absenken durch Loslassen der Kletterkonsole,

Figur 20

Kletterkonsole abgesenkt mit nach oben ausgefahrenem Sicherungselement,

Figur 21

Lösen der Verriegelung nach dem Betonieren,

Figur 22

perspektivische Darstellung der Kletterkonsole mit Abschalplattenträger gemäss Figur 11 mit einer alternativen Ausgestaltung der Sicherungs- und Auslöseplatte und

Figur 23

eine perspektivische Darstellung der Kletterkonsole mit aufgesetztem Abschalplattenträger vorgerückt zum Lösen der Hakenverriegelung.

The method according to the invention, the console according to the invention and the system according to the invention are explained in more detail on the basis of exemplary embodiments. Show it:

figure 1

A sectional view of the corner area of a climbing bracket with the hook and the safety element as well as a section of a wall with an anchoring device cast into it at a distance,

figure 2

a section through the hook area of the climbing bracket with the hook and safety element inserted into the anchoring device, climbing bracket still held by the construction worker, at wall distance A = 2 mm,

figure 3

the climbing bracket no longer held by the construction worker and thus lowered with the safety element swiveled out, climbing bracket lying snugly against the wall,

figure 4

a section through the hook area of the climbing bracket with the hook and safety element inserted into the anchoring device, at a distance of 7 mm from the wall, hook only partially inserted in the leg of the climbing bracket,

figure 5

the lowered climbing bracket with the safety element swiveled out, bracket lying snugly against the wall, hook fully retracted,

figure 6

a perspective view of the climbing bracket with hooked end, not inserted,

figure 7

a side view of the hooked end, hook in initial/at rest position, not inserted,

figure 8

a side view of the hooked end, hook in hooked position,

Figure 8a

a vertical section through the housing and the safety element in the rest position,

Figure 8b

a vertical section through the housing and the securing element in the locked secured position,

figure 9

a partially cut-away side view of the climbing bracket with stop-end plate holder attached, wall of the sub-structures not shown,

figure 10

a side view of the climbing bracket with the shuttering plate girder attached after removing the shuttering plate carried by the shuttering plate girder, wall not shown,

figure 11

Perspective view of the climbing bracket with stop-end plate girder as per figure 9 ,

Figure 11a

according to a perspective view of the climbing bracket figure 11 back

figure 12

Perspective view of the climbing bracket with stop-end plate girder as per figure 10 ,

figure 13

Supervision of the climbing bracket with the shuttering plate girder as per figure 10 ,

figure 14

Supervision of the climbing bracket and the shuttering plate girder as per figure 9 ,

figure 15

Stop-end plate girder in a perspective view from behind, closed,

figure 16

A perspective view from the rear of the shuttering plate support, open

figure 17

Rear view of the shuttering plate carrier, shuttering plate carrier open,

figure 18

a representation of the assembly of the climbing bracket with a shuttering plate girder on a partial structure before the insertion of the hook into the anchoring device,

figure 19

a representation of the inserted hook on the climbing bracket before lowering by releasing the climbing bracket,

figure 20

Climbing console lowered with safety element extended upwards,

figure 21

loosening the locking after concreting,

figure 22

Perspective view of the climbing bracket with stop-end plate girder as per figure 11 with an alternative design of the backup and release plate and

figure 23

a perspective view of the climbing bracket with attached formwork plate carrier advanced to release the hook lock.

In figure 1 a climbing bracket 1 is shown schematically and in part on the left-hand side. up in figure 1 is the overhead leg 3, which serves as a guide and support element, visible. On the right side is the vertical leg 5 to support the Climbing bracket 1 partially shown on a substructure 21 . Slightly offset downwards, a housing 7 is arranged on the upper leg 3, in which a guide support 9 for a hook 11 is slidably mounted. Alternatively, the guide support 9 can also be integrated into the upper leg 3 if it has a suitably large cross section. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the guide support 9 with the hook 11 or hook-shaped end is slidably mounted on the climbing bracket 1 on guideways inclined to the horizontal at an angle of inclination of >45° to the horizontal. The guideways are formed by sloping slots 13, which are formed in the guide support 9 and at least one other, preferably two more slots 41 in the Figures 7,8 are visible and embedded in the housing 7. The slots 13 are crossed by two bolts 15 fixedly mounted in the housing 7 and form a first longitudinal guideway for the guide support 9. An axially movably mounted pin 17, which can be displaced axially in the guide support 9 against a spring force, and another safety bolt 43 inserted in the guide support 9 penetrate the third slots 41 in the housing 7. The three or preferably four parallel slots 13; 41 consequently form the parallel guide for the guide support 9 and the hook 11 ( 6 ).

Furthermore, a two-armed securing element 19 with a first arm 19' and a second arm 19" is pivotably mounted on the guide support 9 on a shaft 48. In the rest or initial position, the two-armed securing element 19 lies with its first arm 19' essentially within the Outline of the hook 11, that is, the arm 19' protrudes neither at its upper edge nor at its lower edge the outer contour of the hook 11. The other way around In other words, the height h of the hook 11 in the area of its front end also determines the height or height extent of the securing element 19.

The second arm 19" of the securing element 19 protrudes beyond the upper edge of the guide support 9 in the rest and starting position (cf. 2 + 8a). The second arm 19" lies entirely within the outline of the climbing bracket 1.

In the extension of the guide support 9 or hook 11 is in figure 1 Also shown in vertical section is a partial structure 21, for example a wall made of concrete, in which an anchoring device 23 is concreted. The detailed structure of the anchoring device 23 will be described later. The anchoring device 23 points to the left in Figures 1-5 an opening 25, the height H of which is slightly greater than the height h of the hook 11 or guide support 9. The width B of the opening 25 is slightly greater than the width of the hook 11, which is preferably constructed of two spaced plates and between which the fuse element 19 is located. These dimensions make it possible to move the hook 11 or guide support 9 and the securing element 19 lying between them horizontally in the direction X ( 1 ) to be pushed into the anchoring device 23. The hook 11 can also be constructed from a single sheet metal part or from two parallel sheet metal parts connected at the hook-shaped end 11'.

The figure 2 shows the climbing bracket 1 after the hook 11 has been inserted horizontally into the anchoring device 23 by an operator, for example the construction worker, carried on the climbing bracket or on a formwork holder slidably arranged on the carrier 3 has been. It can be seen that the upper edge of the guide support 9 and hook 11 lie behind the opening 25 with only a little play on the upper wall 27 and the lower end 11' of the hook 11 is now guided past the lower wall 29 in the expanded interior space or hollow body 65 of the Anchoring device 23 is located. The lower end of the first arm 19 'of the securing element 19, which is approximately the same height as the end 11', also slides over the bottom portion 29 of the insertion area 26 of the anchoring device 23 Figures 1 and 2 The positions of the elements shown are present as long as the operator is still carrying the climbing bracket 1, ie as long as the mass of the climbing bracket 1 does not move it downwards. The climbing bracket 1 would consequently be able to be carried out of the anchoring device 11 again in this position, carried by the construction worker. Next is in figure 2 It can be seen that there is a distance A of, for example, 8 mm between the front edge of the vertical leg 5 of the climbing bracket 1 and the surface 21' of the wall 21 with the opening 25 on the anchoring device 23, after the front end of the hook 11 is close to the rear wall the anchoring device 23 of the hollow body 65 is located.

Alternatively, instead of the securing element 19, which can rotate about the axis of the screw 17, the securing element 19 can also be slidably fastened in a linear guide on the guide support 9 and, instead of a rotary movement, perform a sliding movement upwards. In a further embodiment, which is also not shown, the securing element 19 could be pivoted about a horizontal axis on the guide support 9 and on the lowering of the hook 11 laterally be able to swing out and consequently prevent the hook from being pulled out.

As soon as the operator, who is standing, for example, upright on the substructure 23, holds the climbing bracket 1 to a stop-end plate carrier 55 placed on the first leg 3 of the climbing bracket 1 ( 20 ), which allows the climbing bracket 1 to slide downwards, i.e. no longer holds it (as in 19 ), the securing element 19 is pushed upwards by the right arm 19' of the securing element 19 through contact with the bottom section 29 and rotates counterclockwise about the axis of the shaft 48 until the guide beam 9 with its lower edge 9' in the area behind the hook 11 rests on the bottom section 29. It should be noted that when the climbing bracket 1 begins to be lowered in the anchoring device 23, the rotation or displacement of the securing element 19 begins immediately and the spur 31, for example arranged on the upper side of the arm 19, immediately protrudes over the upper edge of the guide beam 9 and then the height h of the hook 11, guide support 9 and securing element 19 is increased and consequently the hook 11 can no longer slide through the opening cross-section with the height H of the anchoring device 23 from this moment on.

As the hook 11 is further lowered, it engages in the anchoring device 23 from behind an approximately vertical section 33 at the end of the insertion channel 29 in the anchoring device 23. The left end, i.e. the arm 19" of the two-armed securing element 19, pivots counterclockwise downwards and comes to rest in the area of a disc 35 on a safety bolt 45 and snaps onto it with the concave surface 46 forced one. The securing element 19 is securely fixed (cf. Figures 8a, 8b ).

Mounting the guide support 9 in the guideways formed by the slots 13, 41, which are inclined relative to the vertical, is particularly advantageous because the hook 11 with the guide support 9 is pulled to the left when the climbing bracket 1 is lowered in the housing 7 and consequently, on the one hand, the vertical leg 5 of the climbing bracket 1 is attracted to the surface of the substructure 21 and on the other hand the hook 11 is displaced in the anchoring device 23 to the left, so that the hook 11 in the anchoring device 23 comes into close contact. The end of the hook 11 is also pulled to the left and there comes into close contact with a vertical section on the anchoring device 23.

The climbing bracket 1 is consequently automatically and forcibly held in the anchoring device 23 on the substructure 21 automatically and forcibly without any action on the part of the construction worker, simply by being pushed into the anchoring device 23 and then lowered after being released by gravity and can no longer be held in place by external forces, which act on the climbing bracket 1 from below, from below or from above or from the side, can be solved. The climbing bracket 1 can only be released again by manual intervention on the safety bolt 45, as will be described later.

The Figures 4 and 5 correspond in principle to the figure 3 . They differ in that the anchoring device 23 or the edge of its opening 25 does not lie exactly in the surface of the partial structure 21, but for whatever reason, by a few millimeters set back. The climbing bracket 1 is nevertheless hooked in in the same way and its securing in the hooked-in position corresponds to that in figure 3 . The difference visible from the outside is that the relative displacement in the horizontal direction between the climbing bracket 1 and the anchoring device 23 is smaller. This can be seen from the fact that the bolts 15 have slid less far up in the slot 13 or the climbing bracket 1 has shifted less far down Another special feature, in particular another one

The advantage of the arrangement is that the opening 25 on the anchoring device 23 is completely covered by the vertical leg 5 of the climbing bracket 1 and therefore no concrete or concrete water can get through the opening 25 into the interior of the anchoring device 23 and damage the safety element 19 there or can render unusable.

Of course, the sliding movement of the hook 11 with the guide support 9 in the direction of the partial structure 21 could also take place horizontally, as is the case in the prior art if the slots 13, 41, 43 were arranged horizontally. However, the great disadvantage would then have to be accepted that the climbing bracket 1 would have to be pulled up to the partial structures 21 in a conventional manner, for example with a wedge. This means that the operator would have to perform an additional action in a bent and accident-prone body position, which can also be forgotten.

Nevertheless, even if the hook 9 was not pulled in with a wedge, the climbing bracket 1 according to the present application would be held securely on the substructure 21, because the safety element 19 would inevitably snap the hook 11 is immovably held in the anchoring device 23 (no illustration).

In the figure 6 in turn, the climbing bracket 1 is partially shown in perspective at its hook-side end. It can be seen from this figure that the horizontal leg 3 is surrounded at least laterally by the housing 7 on the hook-side end. The housing 7 is preferably widened at its upper edge by laterally outwardly projecting tabs 47 and also preferably also extend over the hook-side edge of the horizontal leg 3 and the vertical leg 5 in the form of a second tab 49. These two tabs 47,49, the are arranged in pairs, protect the elements projecting laterally from the housing 7, namely the helical bolts 15 which traverse the slots 13 on the guide support 9, the safety bolt 45 and the screw 17 and, of course, the third and fourth slots 41 at the top visible in this figure, which are embedded on both sides in the side walls of the housing 7 (see also 7 +8). The housing 7 is preferably also closed at the rear by a wall 51 .

In figure 7 the hook 11 is in the starting position and the securing element 19 is consequently in its rest position (only protrudes below with its nose 19' under the guide support 9). The screw 17 and the safety bolt 45 lie at the lower end of the two slots 41. In the figure 8 the guide beam 9 with the hook 11 is in the position in which it is after it has been inserted through the opening 25 and lowered into the anchoring device 23 . The anchoring device 1 has been omitted here for the sake of clarity. The screw 17 and the safety bolt 45 have now slid relatively upwards, since the hook 11 has been pushed relative to the horizontal leg 3 of the climbing bracket 1 in the housing 7 upwards. In the latter position, i.e. lowered climbing bracket 1 in the anchoring device 23, the securing element 19 is fixed to the disc 35 on the securing bolt 45 by an indentation 39 on the securing element 19 ( Figure 8b ). To release the climbing bracket 1 from the substructure 21, the construction worker must therefore release the connection between the disc 35 on the safety bolt 45 and the safety element 19 so that the safety element 19 can pivot clockwise and thereby move back between the two plates of the hook 11. In the pivoted position according to the Figures 1,2 , 4 and 7 the climbing bracket 1 can consequently be raised and then pulled out of the anchoring device 23 . The release of the securing element 19 takes place in that the washer 35 is axially displaced by the securing bolt 45 so that the lower lug 53 on the securing element 19 (see 2 ) is no longer held back by the disc 35 and can slide past the shaft of the safety bolt 45. The securing bolt 45 or the washer 35 can only be displaced axially against the force of a spring (the spring is not shown).

As mentioned above, the climbing bracket 1 serves as a temporary carrier on the one hand for a scaffolding board and on the other hand as a device for attaching a formwork panel girder 55 for creating the wall above the partial structures 21 Figures 9-21 Formwork panels, not shown, are carried by the formwork panel carrier 55, which is displaceable on the horizontal leg 3 relative to the climbing bracket 1. The formwork panel carrier 55 comprises a U-shaped guide shoe 57 which is pushed horizontally from the side onto the horizontal leg 3 of the climbing bracket 1 and is fixed laterally and below by suitable means.

The guide shoe 57 ( 11 , 12 ) comprises a side wall 59, an upper guide wall 61 and a lower guide wall 63 serving as a sliding shoe, which are U-shaped relative to one another and are connected to one another. A safety and release plate 65 can be attached to the side wall 59 forming the base of the U. Their function and shape will be described later.

On the lower guide wall 63, a pivotable locking plate 69 is held in a downwardly projecting tab or in an opening 73 attached thereto. Furthermore, a first passage 75 is embedded in the upper guide wall 61 and lies above a second passage 77 formed in the lower guide wall 63 . With a slider 79, whose cross-sectional area is slightly smaller than the cross-section of the two passages 75,77, the guide shoe 57 can be closed to form a rectangular tube when this is pushed onto the upper leg 3 of the climbing bracket 1. The locking plate 69 can then be pushed through the opening 73 and a recess 81 be pushed through a slide 79. The locking plate 69 is captively connected to the guide shoe 57 by a locking bar 83 formed at its end. Preferably, the narrow ends of the upper guide wall 61 and the lower guide wall 63 are bent slightly out of their plane. The locking plate 69, which interacts with the slide 79, prevents a force F, which acts from the liquid concrete behind the formwork panel on the vertical arm 85 of the shuttering panel carrier 55, from being absorbed. This ensures that the shuttering plate carrier 55 can be displaced with little friction on the upper leg 3 of the climbing bracket before and after concreting as soon as the conical locking plate 69 is out of the locking position ( 15 ) to the unlocked position ( 16 and 17 ) has been withdrawn. With the locking plate 69 or its wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape (cf. in particular 17 ), the formwork panel carrier 55 can be fixed to the climbing bracket 1 in its working position, ie pushed up to a formwork panel. By pulling out the wedge-shaped locking plate 69, the clamping effect on the slide 79 is also canceled. As long as the slider 79 is pushed into the upper and lower bushings 75, 77, the formwork panel carrier 55 is held securely on the climbing bracket 1, but it can be moved.

The backup and release plate 65, which is formed on the side wall 59 on the guide shoe 57, has two tasks. In the working position, when the formwork panel carrier 55 is pushed against the wall of the substructure 21 and is only spaced apart from it by a formwork panel (not shown), the covers Safety and release plate 65 the bolt 45 just far enough that it is not unintentionally actuated or can be actuated and triggering the locking within the anchoring device 23 leads.

After the ceiling has been poured above the substructure 21 and the concrete has solidified, the shuttering plate supports 55 arranged next to one another on the climbing brackets 1 are pushed away from the wall by knocking out the locking plate 69 on the climbing bracket 1 . This is followed by the removal of the formwork panels (not shown). The formwork panels are still secured by being supported on the upper leg 3 of the climbing bracket 1 so that they cannot slide down. After the formwork panels or boards have been removed, the operator, ie the construction worker, standing on the newly concreted ceiling, can move the formwork plate carrier 55 on the vertical arm 85 towards himself, ie in the direction of the substructures 21 . The offset safety and release plate 65 slides over the safety bolt 45 and presses it into the housing 7 . As a result, the disk 35 is disengaged from the securing element 19, 19' with the securing bolt 45 and the locking of the securing element 19, which was previously held in the raised position, is released. The securing element 19 now turns clockwise and disappears between the two plates forming the hook 11 . The climbing bracket 1 can now be raised and only then pushed or pivoted outwards, ie away from the partial structure, without the construction worker having to bend over the edge of the partial structure 21 (cf. Figures 18 to 20 ).

If no shuttering plate carrier 55 is mounted on the climbing bracket 1, loosening after the end of use of the bracket 1 by pressing on the safety pin 45, e.g. with your thumb, or hitting it with a hammer, the safety element 19 is released and falls clockwise between the two plates forming the hook 11, so that the climbing bracket 1 can be easily pulled out of the anchoring device 23 after lifting.

In a further embodiment of the backup and release plate 65 according to Figures 22 and 23 is the upper tab 47 at the edge or edges folded by about 90 ° and is now parallel to the wall of the housing 7. Next is the backup and release plate 65 at the front end not only with a run-up area 66 over the entire height of Safety and release plate 65 provided, but an overhead section 68 runs parallel to the side wall 59.

With the shutter plate carrier 55 retracted, both elements, namely the safety and release plate 65 and their front edge regions 66 and 68, are out of contact with other elements of the device.

During the pouring of the ceiling, the shuttering plate support 55 is in accordance with figure 23 pushed to the right and the safety and release plate 65 covers the safety bolt 45 with its run-on area 66 and thereby prevents an intentional or unintentional loosening of the locking mechanism with the hook 11. The section 68 is now under the area of the first flap 47 folded down and stands with this preferably in contact. So that the section 68 can easily slide under the folded flap 47, its end is bent slightly inwards.

The purpose of this further configuration of the shuttering panel support 55 is that during casting and already when the vertical arm 85 of the shuttering panel support 55 is braced, the latter, reinforced by the lever, transmits high forces to the guide shoe 57 . These forces transmitted to the guide shoe can be at least partially absorbed by the section 68 which engages under the bent lug 47, and the shuttering panel support 55 can thus be stiffened with respect to the climbing bracket 1.

In a further embodiment of the shuttering plate carrier 55 according to the Figures 22 and 23 its vertical arm 85 is pivotally supported with respect to the vertical by two spaced spindles. The lower spindle 89 and the upper spindle 87 are connected to one another by a spindle carrier 91 . At the ends of the spindle carrier 91 threaded bushings 93 and 95 are formed, in which the threads of the spindles 87 and 89 mesh. The output-side end of the lower spindle 89 is freely rotatably mounted in a spindle bearing 97 and axially secured against displacement of the lower spindle. The bore in the spindle bearing has play relative to the diameter of the spindle in the region of the bore, which offers the possibility that the axis of the lower spindle is pivotally connected to the vertical arm 85 in a certain angular range. The upper spindle 87 is also carried in a bearing block 99 and secured against axial displacement. However, the end of the spindle 87 is not guided in a bore, but in a U-shaped recess in the bearing block 99. This design makes it possible, after loosening a locking screw arranged at the end of the lower spindle 89, to move the two spindles 87 and 89 from the vertical arm 85 to release.

With the two movably mounted spindles 87, the vertical arm 85 and thus the formwork board lying against it can be aligned exactly horizontally or at a certain angle to the horizontal. Consequently, with the formwork panel support 55, a wall can be constructed which does not run in a vertical plane but is inclined inwardly or outwardly thereto.

Claims (14)

1. A method for the automatically activatable secure connection of a climbing bracket (1) to a hook (11) on an anchoring device (23) embedded in a substructure (21), having the following steps:

   a. bringing the climbing bracket (1) up to the substructure (21),

   b. inserting the hook (11) into the anchoring device (23),

   c. fitting the hook (11) and lowering the climbing bracket (1) in the anchoring device (23),

   d. activating a securing element (19) by lowering the hook (11) in the climbing bracket (1) and

   e. locking the hook (11) and the securing element (19) in the anchoring device (23) and adjusting the secure connection with the anchoring device,

   characterized in that
   the securing element (19) is substantially formed to have two arms and is pivoted upwards about an axis on the hook (11) when the securing element (19) is activated by lowering the hook (11) such that a first arm (19') of the securing element enters a cross-sectional widening of the anchoring device located above an insertion opening (25) of the anchoring device (23) for the hook (11), and at the same time a second arm (19") of the securing element is locked onto a latching and release device (45) on the climbing bracket (1) such that the hook together with the climbing bracket can no longer be released from the anchoring device and the climbing bracket (1) is prevented from being pulled out of the anchoring device (23), because the vertical extension of the hook (11) and the securing element (19) is greater than the height of the insertion opening (25) in the anchoring device (23).
2. The method according to Claim 1, characterized in that, during the lowering of the climbing bracket (1) in the anchoring device (23), the climbing bracket (1) is automatically brought up to the anchoring device (23).
3. The method according to Claim 2, wherein the climbing bracket (1) comprises an upper leg (3) intended to lie horizontally, and a vertical leg (5) intended to lie vertically and parallel to the surface of the substructure (21), wherein the hook (11) is mounted on the upper leg (3) on a guide support (9) displaceable along the upper leg (3), wherein the anchoring device (23) has an opening (25) as an insertion opening (25) intended to lie substantially in the surface of the substructure (21), to which an insertion channel (26) is connected, at the end of which facing away from the opening (25) the cross-section of the anchoring device (23) is larger than at the opening (25),
   wherein
   the securing element (19) is formed for forced locking on the guide support (9) for the hook (11), and the guide support (9) is displaceably mounted with the hook (11) on the upper leg (3) in at least one guide (15, 41) at an acute angle to said upper leg, such that, during the lowering of the climbing bracket (1), the distance of the hook (11) from the vertical leg (5) is reduced and the climbing bracket (1) is thereby pulled by gravity towards the anchoring device (23) in the substructure and such that, after bringing the climbing bracket (1) up to the anchoring device (23), its opening (25) is fully closed by the housing (7) of the climbing bracket (1).
4. The method according to Claim 2, wherein the climbing bracket (1) comprises an upper leg (3) intended to lie horizontally, and a vertical leg (5) intended to lie vertically and parallel to the surface of the substructure (21), wherein the hook (11) is mounted on the upper leg (3) on a guide support (9) displaceable along the upper leg (3), wherein the anchoring device (23) has an opening (25) as an insertion opening (25) intended to lie substantially in the surface of the substructure (21), to which an insertion channel (26) is connected, at the end of which facing away from the opening (25) the cross-section of the anchoring device (23) is larger than at the opening (25),
   wherein
   the securing element (19) is formed for forced locking onto the guide support (9) for the hook (11), and wherein the securing element (19) engages on a securing bolt (45) on the climbing bracket (1) during lowering and pivoting.
5. A climbing bracket (1) for placing scaffolding boards and fastening stop-end plate girders (55) for constructing ceilings on substructures (21), comprising two horizontally and vertically aligned legs (3,5) made of steel profiles connected to one another substantially at right angles and a frame connecting the two legs (3, 5) at their other end to form a triangle, further comprising a hook (11) formed on a guide support (9), wherein the guide support (9) is displaceably mounted on the climbing bracket (1) and a securing element (19) is located next to the hook on the guide support (9) of the hook (11) in its rest and starting position,
   characterized in that
   in its rest and starting position, the securing element (19) lies within the greatest vertical extension of the hook (11), the securing element (19) comprises a first arm (19") and a second, longer arm (19'), in a working position the longer arm (19') can be pushed or pivoted into a position projecting upwards beyond the hook (11), and in that the first arm (19") can be automatically locked in a lowered position of the climbing bracket (1) on a latching and release device (45) on the climbing bracket (1).
6. The climbing bracket (1) according to Claim 5, characterized in that the first arm (19") of the securing element (19) can be engaged at its end in a bolt (45) formed as latching means on the climbing bracket (1) and/or the guide support (9).
7. The climbing bracket (1) according to Claim 6, characterized in that, as latching means, an axially displaceable disc (35) is arranged which is fitted or formed on a bolt (15).
8. The climbing bracket (1) according to Claim
   5, characterized in that
   the guide support (9) with the hook (11) formed on its front end is displaceably mounted in at least one guide track (13, 41) on the climbing bracket (1) at an acute angle to the upper leg (3).
9. The climbing bracket (1) according to Claim 8, characterized in that the guide track on the upper leg (3) comprises at least one first guide slot (41), in which a screw (17) or a pin inserted in the guide support (9) is displaceable, in that a bolt (15) is guided in a second guide slot (13) formed in the guide support (9), which bolt is held in the upper leg (3) such that the hook (11) with the guide support (9) after inserting the hook (11) into an anchoring device (23) simultaneously executes an upwards and backwards movement in the direction of the climbing bracket (1) by gravity with respect to the climbing bracket (1).
10. The climbing bracket (1) according to Claim 9, characterized in that the at least one first guide slot (41) is formed on both sides of the upper leg (3) such that the screw (17) is guided at both ends and in that the bolt (15) is held at both ends in bores in the upper leg (3).
11. A system with a climbing bracket (1) according to any one of Claims 5 to 10 and an anchoring device (23), wherein the anchoring device (23) has an opening (25) as an insertion opening (25) intended to lie substantially in the surface of the substructure (21), which is associated with an insertion channel (26), at the end of which facing away from the opening (25) the cross-section of the anchoring device (23) is greater than at the opening (25), and comprises a hollow body with the opening (25) for inserting the hook-like end (11) on a climbing bracket (1), wherein, following the opening (25), the insertion channel (26) of height H and width B follows with a substantially uniform cross-section, which is connected with a retaining area with the larger cross-section, and the retaining area extends at the end of the insertion channel (26) both upwardly and downwardly over the base and top portion of the insertion channel (26).
12. The system according to Claim 11, characterized in that the hollow body forming the anchoring device (23) consists of two interconnected shells made of steel or plastic.
13. The system according to Claim 12, characterized in that the two shells are connected to one another by welding or flanging.
14. The system according to Claim 13, characterized in that ribs and/or bosses are formed as anchoring elements on the shells of the hollow body.

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