EP3542963A1 - Tensioner - Google Patents

Abstract

A hacking tensioner, comprising a tensioning hook (1) with a hook element (2), the tensioning hook (1) being designed to pass through an opening of a component to be tensioned (11), furthermore comprising an actuator (3), wherein the tensioning hook (1) by means of the actuator (3) can be pulled from an open position in a pulling direction (x) in a closed position, wherein the hook element (2) in the closed position, in addition to the offset in the pulling direction (x), in a hook direction (y) to the hook end of the hook element (2) is offset, wherein the clamping hook (1) comprises a first leg (4), wherein at a free end of the first leg (4), the hook element (2) is formed, wherein the clamping hook ( 1) at an angle to the first leg (4) arranged second leg (5), wherein at the second leg (5) in a pivot point (A) of the actuator (3) for pulling the clamping hook (1) in the closed position is hinged, the spa nnhaken (1) at a guide position (F) between the articulation point (A) and the hook element (2) in a slot (6) in a direction parallel to the drawing direction (x) is slidably mounted, wherein the clamping hook (1) by means of a spring element (7) at a biasing position (V) between the articulation point (A) and the hook element (2) is biased against the pulling direction (x).

Description

Field of the invention

The present invention relates to a Hackenspanner, comprising a clamping hook with a hook element, wherein the clamping hook is suitable for passage through an opening of a component to be clamped.

State of the art

Such Hackenspanner are already known per se and are used in particular in the automotive industry, for example, to clamp a body component in the course of vehicle production against another vehicle component.

The component to be clamped must have an opening through which a hook provided with a hook of the Hackenspanners is passed, so that then by means of the hook, the component in the direction of the Hackenspanner ("behind") and in particular in the direction of a between the component and a housing of the Hackenspanners arranged further component can be pulled.

The Hackenspanner can also be designed so that when pulling the component to be clamped simultaneously the hook element in the direction of the hook ("down") is moved, so that the hook during the pulling movement better engage in the component to be clamped and can take this.

For example, the EP 1 391 266 A2 a Zentrierspanner for the centered fixing of a component to be machined, consisting of a formed on a hook and hook arm clamping hooks of the tensioner drive, sitting on an adapter plate centering mandrel with a passage slot for the clamping hook, wherein applied to the clamping hook edge protective elements to prevent foreign body entry into the Spannhakendurchgriffsöffnung the adapter plate are provided.

This known centering has a centering, which must be performed by the component to be clamped, so that the component requires a correspondingly large opening. In addition, the hook of the clamping hook in this embodiment is relatively little in the transverse direction movable, since its path is limited by the centering mandrel. Therefore, the tool is less suitable for larger component tolerances.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the invention to improve a Hackenspanner in this regard, and in particular to provide an alternative Hackenspanner that can be used even with larger component tolerances, allows high tensile force and thereby requires only a small passage opening on the component to be clamped.

The object is achieved by a Hackenspanner comprising a clamping hook with a hook element, wherein the clamping hook is designed to pass through an opening of a component to be clamped, further comprising an actuator, wherein the clamping hook by means of the actuator from an open position in a drawing direction in a closed position can be pulled, wherein the hook element in the closed position, in addition to the offset in the pulling direction, in the direction of the hook end of the hook element, ie in a hook direction, offset, wherein the clamping hook comprises a first leg, wherein at a free end of the first leg, the hook element is formed, wherein the clamping hook a second leg arranged at an angle to the first leg, wherein on the second leg in a pivot point of the actuator for pulling the tensioning hook is hinged in the closed position, wherein the tensioning hook at a guiding position between the articulation point and the hook element in a slot in a Direction is mounted displaceably parallel to the drawing direction, wherein the clamping hook is biased by a spring element at a biasing position between the articulation point and the hook member against the pulling direction.

According to the invention, a hook tensioner thus comprises a tensioning hook which consists of two legs which are arranged at an angle to one another, preferably at approximately a right angle to each other.

A first leg of this tension hook has the hook element, that is, the hook necessary for pulling. The second leg is pulled, in particular approximately at its free end, at a point of articulation with the aid of an actuator. Pulling the Anlenkpunkts, ie a movement "to the rear", causes a pulling of the hook element and thus a tensioning of a component to be clamped.

Between these two ends of the tensioning hook the tensioning hook is still mounted in a slot, so that it has a limited by the slot path for movement in a longitudinal direction, namely the pulling direction has. This longitudinal direction, ie the direction of the slot, will preferably correspond approximately to the direction of the first leg of the clamping hook.

In addition, a spring element, also between the articulation point and the hook, preferably on the first leg, in particular at the end of the first leg of the tensioning hook, engages the tensioning hook in order to press it against the pulling direction, ie "forwards". The spring element may in particular be a compression spring.

As a result of this design of the chipper, it is achieved that, when the articulation point is pulled by means of an actuator, the chucks are pulled "backwards" in an open position of the chipper, but at the initial position, the spring element is pressed "forward" by spring force of the spring element, so that the guide position initially remains at a front end of the slot and the hook element first performs a movement "down", ie "in the hook direction", and only with further pulling by Aktuatorkraft in the drawing direction, the leadership position within the slot is moved back and thus the hook element is pulled back to possibly tension a gripped by the hook component.

In the context of the invention is thus as "back" the direction towards the Hackenspanner out, so called the pulling direction. Roughly normal is the direction in which the hook is moved toward its front end for engagement with a component referred to as "down" or "in the heel direction".

Conversely, to relax, so to open the Hackenspanners, by means of an actuator force against the pulling direction are applied, so that both the Aktuatorkraft and the force of the spring element the Press the hooks "forward". If the guide position thereby reaches the front end of the slot, and thus its movement is limited or terminated, the hook element is moved on further application of force by means of the actuator at the pivot point back up and the clamping hook open.

In this Hackenspanner only the chucks or the hook element must be passed through an opening of the component to be clamped, so that sufficient for a small opening. In this construction, the hook element can travel a greater distance and, even with inaccurate positioning or formation of the component to be clamped, grasp it safely and pull it with high, almost constant traction.

The force of the actuator causes, in conjunction with the force of the spring element, a tensile force in two directions, namely on the one hand in the pulling direction and additionally in a direction normal thereto, "down" to close the hook.

Further developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims, the description and the accompanying drawings.

Preferably, the guide position and / or the biasing position in the transition region between the first leg and second leg are arranged, ie in the vicinity of that end of the second leg, which merges into the first leg or in the vicinity of that end of the first leg, in the second leg passes.

The spring element is preferably a simple compression spring, which is aligned substantially parallel to the first leg.

The actuator preferably comprises an actuating rod, which is angelelt at the articulation point of the clamping hook and is aligned substantially parallel to the first leg. The actuating rod can also be formed by a multi-part component and, for example, comprise a spindle with end clevises for articulation.

Preferably, the actuating rod by means of a pneumatic cylinder and / or by means of an electric motor and / or by means of a hand lever with a force in the drawing direction acted upon.

The force of the pneumatic cylinder, the hand lever or the electric motor in the pulling direction can be applied to the actuating rod via a lever mechanism for power transmission.

Preferably, a guide pin is arranged on the clamping hook at the guide position between the articulation point and the hook element, which is mounted displaceably in the slot of a guide housing in a direction parallel to the drawing direction.

The second leg of the tensioning hook is preferably arranged approximately at a right angle to the first leg.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1

ist eine seitliche Schnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Hackenspanners in einer ersten Ausführungsform in geöffneter Stellung.

Fig. 2

ist eine seitliche Schnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Hackenspanners gemäß Fig. 1 jedoch in geschlossener Stellung.

Fig. 3

ist eine dreidimensionale Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Hackenspanners gemäß Fig. 1 mit einem zu spannenden Bauteil.

Fig. 4

ist eine dreidimensionale Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Hackenspanners in einer zweiten Ausführungsform in geöffneter Stellung.

Fig. 5

ist eine dreidimensionale Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Hackenspanners gemäß Fig. 4 jedoch in geschlossener Stellung.

Fig. 6

ist eine seitliche Schnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Hackenspanners gemäß Fig. 4 in geöffneter Stellung.

Fig. 7

ist eine seitliche Schnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Hackenspanners gemäß Fig. 6 jedoch in geschlossener Stellung.

Fig. 8

ist eine seitliche Schnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Hackenspanners in einer dritten Ausführungsform in geöffneter Stellung.

Fig. 9

ist eine seitliche Schnittansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Hackenspanners gemäß Fig. 8 jedoch in geschlossener Stellung.

Fig. 10

ist eine dreidimensionale Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Hackenspanners gemäß Fig. 9 in geschlossener Stellung.

The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1

is a side sectional view of a Hackenspanners invention in a first embodiment in the open position.

Fig. 2

is a side sectional view of a Hackenspanners according to the invention Fig. 1 but in closed position.

Fig. 3

is a three-dimensional representation of a Hackenspanners invention Fig. 1 with a too exciting component.

Fig. 4

is a three-dimensional representation of a Hackenspanners invention in a second embodiment in the open position.

Fig. 5

is a three-dimensional representation of a Hackenspanners invention Fig. 4 but in closed position.

Fig. 6

is a side sectional view of a Hackenspanners according to the invention Fig. 4 in open position.

Fig. 7

is a side sectional view of a Hackenspanners according to the invention Fig. 6 but in closed position.

Fig. 8

is a side sectional view of a Hackenspanners invention in a third embodiment in the open position.

Fig. 9

is a side sectional view of a Hackenspanners according to the invention Fig. 8 but in closed position.

Fig. 10

is a three-dimensional representation of a Hackenspanners invention Fig. 9 in closed position.

Detailed description of the invention

In Fig. 1 an inventive Hackenspanner is shown in an open position in a first embodiment. The same Hackenspanner is in Fig. 2 in closed position and in Fig. 3 three-dimensional, introduced into a too exciting component 14, shown.

The hook tensioner comprises a tension hook 1 with a hook element 2. This tension hook 1, in particular the hook element 2, is designed to be passed through an opening of a component 14 to be tensioned, as in FIG Fig. 3 shown.

The hook tensioner further comprises an actuator 3, namely a pneumatic cylinder 9, so that the tension hook 1 by means of the actuator 3 from an open position ( Fig. 1 ) in a pulling direction x in a closed position ( Fig. 2 ), wherein the hook element 2 is offset in the closed position, in addition to the offset in the drawing direction x, in a hook direction y, towards the hook end of the hook element 2.

The tension hook 1 comprises a first leg 4, the hook element 2 being formed at a free end of the first leg 4, and approximately at right angles to the first leg 4, a second leg 5, wherein on the second leg 5 in a pivot point A, the actuator 3 is articulated for pulling the clamping hook 1 in the closed position. The pivot point A is located approximately at the free end of the second leg. 5

The clamping hook 1 is mounted on a guide position F between the articulation point A and the hook element 2 in a slot 6 in a direction parallel to the drawing direction x displaced.

For this purpose, the clamping hook 1 a guide pin 12 at the guide position F. The slot 6 is formed in a guide housing 13 of the Hackenspanners. As in Fig. 3 illustrated, the clamping hook 1 can be enclosed together with the guide housing 13 by a housing shell 15. The actuator 3 is fixed to the guide housing 13.

The clamping hook 1 is biased by a spring element 7 at a biasing position V between the pivot point A and the hook element 2 against the pulling direction x. The spring element 7 is a compression spring, which is aligned substantially parallel to the first leg 4.

The actuator 3 comprises a multi-part actuating rod 8 for transmitting power to the articulation point A of the clamping hook 1, which is also aligned substantially parallel to the first leg 4.

An inserted in a guide housing with a slot clamping hooks with inserted guide pin clamps and positions components due to a pulling movement.

The hook tensioner works in such a way that when opened ( Fig. 1 ) in a pulling movement by means of pneumatic cylinder 9 (or by means of hand lever 10, Fig. 8 ) guided in a slot 6 and guide housing 13 chucks 1 first with a partial force down, in the hook direction y, is pulled. This first movement of the chuck 1 is ensured by the return spring 7.

The chisel 1 then hits a bottom mounted stop piece, which may be part of the guide housing 13, and moves due to the pulling movement in the back to the rear, in the pulling direction x, to the contact surface of a component to be clamped.

The clamping force of the chuck 1 back to the contact surface is dependent on the force of the pneumatic cylinder 9, and the counter-force of the return spring. 7

The partial force down to the stop piece is dependent on the two leg lengths of the chuck 1 and the counter force of the return spring. 7

When opening the Hackenspanners, from the position of Fig. 2 , the chisel 1 by means of pneumatic cylinder 9 (or by means of hand lever 10, Fig. 8 ) supported by the return spring 7 pushed forward, contrary to the pulling direction x.

The guide pin 12 of the chuck 1 then reaches the end of the provided for the bolt 12 elongated hole 6, and is subsequently pushed up to a stop of the chuck 1 and thus reaches again the open state according to Fig. 1 ,

Fig. 4 is an illustration of a Hackenspanners invention in a second embodiment in the open position. In this case, a pneumatic cylinder 9 is again used as the actuator 3, but this pneumatic cylinder 9 is not, as in the Figs. 1 to 3 arranged on the same side of the guide housing 13 as the clamping hook 1, but at the opposite side of the clamping hook 1 of the guide housing 13. The force of the pneumatic cylinder 9 is applied by means of a lever mechanism 11 on the actuating rod 8. The lever mechanism 11 in this case comprises a lever which is guided through an opening of the guide housing 13 therethrough.

Fig. 5 shows the same Hackenspanners, in the second embodiment, but in the closed position of the clamping hook 1 and hook element. 2

Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 show lateral sectional views of the Hackenspanners in the second embodiment, in the open position ( Fig. 4 ), as well as in the closed position ( Fig. 5 ).

A third embodiment of a Hackenspanners invention is finally in the Figs. 8 to 10 shown, where Fig. 8 the open position and FIGS. 9 and 10 show the hook tensioner in closed position.

In this third embodiment, a lever 10 is used as the actuator 3, which again uses a lever mechanism 11 for transmitting power to the clamping hook 1, wherein the lever mechanism 11 is guided through the guide housing 11 therethrough. The actuation by means of a hand lever 10 for applying a force in the drawing direction x, for example, by force support elements, such as one or more springs 16, be supported.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

tenterhook

2

hook element

3

actuator

4

first leg

5

second leg

6

Long hole

7

spring element

8th

actuating rod

9

pneumatic cylinder

10

hand lever

11

lever mechanism

12

guide pins

13

guide housing

14

too exciting component

15

shell

16

feather

x

drawing direction

y

hook direction

A

articulation

F

leading position

V

head position

Claims (8)

Hackenspanner, comprising a clamping hook (1) with a hook element (2), wherein the clamping hook (1) for passage through an opening of a component to be clamped (14) is formed, further comprising an actuator (3), wherein the clamping hook (1) by means of the actuator (3) can be pulled from an open position in a pulling direction (x) into a closed position, wherein the hook element (2) in the closed position, in addition to the offset in the pulling direction (x), in a hook direction (y) , offset towards the hook end of the hook element (2),
characterized in that the clamping hook (1) comprises a first leg (4), wherein at a free end of the first leg (4) the hook element (2) is formed, wherein the clamping hook (1) at an angle to the first leg ( 4) arranged second leg (5), wherein on the second leg (5) in a pivot point (A) of the actuator (3) for pulling the clamping hook (1) is articulated in the closed position, wherein the clamping hook (1) a guide position (F) between the articulation point (A) and the hook element (2) in a slot (6) in a direction parallel to the drawing direction (x) is slidably mounted, wherein the clamping hook (1) by means of a spring element (7) on a Biasing position (V) between the articulation point (A) and the hook element (2) against the pulling direction (x) is biased. Hackenspanner according to claim 1,
characterized in that the guide position (F) and / or the biasing position (V) in the transition region between the first leg (4) and second leg (5) are arranged. Hackenspanner according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the spring element (7) is a compression spring, which is aligned substantially parallel to the first leg (4). Hackenspanner according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the actuator (3) comprises an actuating rod (8), which is hinged at the articulation point (A) of the clamping hook (1) and is aligned substantially parallel to the first leg (4). Hackenspanner according to claim 4,
characterized in that the actuating rod (8) by means of a pneumatic cylinder (9) and / or a hand lever (10) and / or an electric motor with a force in the drawing direction (x) can be acted upon. Hackenspanner according to claim 5,
characterized in that the force of the pneumatic cylinder (9), the hand lever (10) or the electric motor in the drawing direction (x) via a lever mechanism (11) for force transmission to the actuating rod (8) is applied. Hackenspanner according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the clamping hook (1) at the guide position (F) between the articulation point (A) and the hook element (2) a guide pin (12) is arranged in the slot (6) of a guide housing (13) in one direction is slidably mounted parallel to the drawing direction (x). Hackenspanner according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the second leg (5) of the clamping hook (1) is arranged approximately at a right angle to the first leg (4).

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