EP3542224A1 - Echappement d'horlogerie a transmission de couple optimise - Google Patents
Echappement d'horlogerie a transmission de couple optimiseInfo
- Publication number
- EP3542224A1 EP3542224A1 EP17801690.3A EP17801690A EP3542224A1 EP 3542224 A1 EP3542224 A1 EP 3542224A1 EP 17801690 A EP17801690 A EP 17801690A EP 3542224 A1 EP3542224 A1 EP 3542224A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- escape wheel
- face
- pallet
- anchor
- impulse
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B15/00—Escapements
- G04B15/06—Free escapements
- G04B15/08—Lever escapements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of watchmaking. It relates, more particularly, to an optimized torque transmission exhaust.
- a conventional escapement such as a Swiss anchor escapement, with an English anchor, a Daniels escapement, or the like, comprises an anchor which intermittently blocks an escape wheel, and transmits energy from the wheel of finishing at the regulating member when the wheel is released.
- Oscillations of the regulating member such as a sprung balance, actuate the anchor in order to effect this periodic release of the escape wheel, and again provide an impulse to the regulating member to maintain its oscillations. .
- the anchor comprises at least two pallets, one - input - located upstream with respect to the direction of rotation of the escape wheel, the other - output - located downstream.
- the pallet which is engaged with the escape wheel is raised, releasing the escape wheel and transmitting a pulse to the regulating member via a pulse face that includes each palette.
- the other pallet is moved in the path of the teeth of the escape wheel, and blocks it. Then, the cycle starts again for the other pallet.
- the pulse faces are constituted by planes. Although these simple forms are easy to manufacture, the torque transmission varies along the pulse phase, which is detrimental to the performance of the exhaust.
- planar impulse surfaces often give rise to detachment of the pallet, in particular when it makes the transition from the impulse phase on the pallet to the impulse phase on the tooth, which also hinders the performance of the exhaust.
- Document CH702689 describes an escapement in which the output pallet and / or the input pallet has a pulse face which is curved in such a way that, during a whole part of the impulse phase, the angle defined by the impulse faces of the tooth and pallet at the point of contact between these faces, ie at most 7 °. This is certainly an improvement over planar impulse faces, but the chosen shape does not eliminate the variations in torque transmission.
- a modeling study has shown that the derivative of the torque ratio between that of the anchor and that of the escape wheel with respect to the angle of the escape wheel changes sign several times, and said torque ratio varies from 25% to 35% along the concave portion of the pallet.
- the convex portion at the beginning of the impulse face has a quite conventional radius of curvature, which results from current manufacturing processes, and has not been optimized in any way.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to at least partially overcome the disadvantages mentioned above.
- the invention relates to an escapement for a timepiece.
- This exhaust comprises an escape wheel pivotally mounted about an axis of rotation and intended to be driven by a drive source, said escape wheel having a plurality of teeth.
- the exhaust further comprises an anchor pivotally mounted about an axis of rotation, and comprises an entry pallet and an output pallet.
- Each pallet comprises a rest face arranged to block said escape wheel during the rest phases, as well as a pulse face arranged to interact with said escape wheel in order to transmit pulses received from the latter to an organ regulator arranged to perform oscillations, said anchor being arranged to release said escape wheel periodically under the control of said regulating member.
- At least one, preferably each, of said pulse faces is shaped so that, on at least a portion of said pulse face, and considered at each point of contact between the escape wheel and said impulse face, the tangent of said impulse face intersects the distance between the escape wheel and the anchor at an angle which observes the relationship ⁇ _ I, C * R + cos (a-6) * R 7,
- 0rientation is the angle between said tangent and said center distance
- a is the angle between a line joining said point of contact with the axis of rotation of said escape wheel and said center distance;
- COF is the trigonometric tangent of the coefficient of friction between the escape wheel and said impulse face (i.e., ⁇ ( ⁇ ) according to the usual notation);
- R is the distance between the axis of rotation of said escape wheel and said point of contact, +/- 10%;
- C is the torque ratio between that of the anchor and that of the escape wheel (that is, C a ncre C ro ue);
- L is the length of said center distance.
- the shape of at least a portion of each of said pulse faces observes said relationship, which has the effect that the torque transmission is constant for each pallet.
- the escape wheel comprises teeth having convex impulse faces.
- the transition between the various phases is thus smoothed, which prevents the pallet from taking off from the wheel during the cycle.
- the invention also relates to an exhaust which comprises an escapement wheel pivotally mounted about an axis of rotation and intended to be driven by a driving source, said exhaust wheel comprising a plurality of teeth.
- the exhaust further includes an anchor pivotally mounted about an axis of rotation, and includes an entry pallet and an output pallet.
- Each pallet comprises a rest face arranged to block said escape wheel as well as a pulse face arranged to interact with said escape wheel in order to transmit pulses received from the latter to a regulating organ arranged to perform oscillations.
- said anchor being arranged to release said escape wheel periodically under the control of said regulating member.
- the tangent of said impulse face intersects the distance between the escape wheel and the anchor at an angle which observes the relationship
- 0rientation is the angle between said tangent and said center distance
- Threshold is is a value of a separation threshold between the escape wheel and the anchor chosen for example by experimentation or by modeling;
- R is the distance between the axis of rotation of said escape wheel and said point of contact, +/- 10%;
- C is the torque ratio between that of the anchor and that of the escape wheel
- L is the length of said center distance.
- said Threshold value is a function of the first derivative of the speed ratio of the anchor on the escape wheel during the pulse on the nose of said pallet.
- this value can be arbitrarily defined.
- the escapement according to the invention comprises each of the abovementioned optimizations, that is to say that relating to the impeller faces of the vanes, as well as that relating to the impulse face of the teeth of the escape wheel.
- the invention also relates to a watch movement comprising an escapement as defined above, as well as to a timepiece comprising such a movement.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic plan view of an exhaust according to the invention
- Fig. 2 shows an axle view of an exhaust wheel and the entry pallet
- FIG. 4 represents a schematic modeling of the point of contact between the anchor and the escape wheel
- FIG. 5 represents an exaggerated schematic view of the development of the tangent of the profile of the impulse face of the input pallet along the impulse phase;
- FIG. 6 represents an exaggerated schematic view of the development of the tangent of the profile of the impulse face of the output pallet along the impulse phase
- FIG. 7 represents a graph of the development of the tangent of the profile of the impulse face of the input pallet along the pulse phase, in terms of angle and in terms of time;
- FIG. 8 represents a graph of the development of the tangent of the profile of the impulse face of the output pallet along the impulse phase, in terms of angle and in terms of time;
- FIG. 9 represents an exaggerated schematic view of the development of the tangent of the profile of the impulse face of a tooth of the escape wheel along the impulse phase;
- FIG. 10 represents a graph of the development of the tangent of the profile of the impulse face of a tooth of the escape wheel along the impulse phase; and - Figure 1 1 is a graph of the development of the speed ratio of the anchor on the escape wheel during the pulse phase.
- Figure 1 illustrates an exhaust 1 according to the invention.
- This escapement 1 takes the general shape of a Swiss lever escapement, in which each pallet participates in providing an impulse to the regulating member.
- the exhaust comprises an escape wheel 3, arranged to be driven by a power source not shown.
- This driving source may be for example a motor spring or an electric motor, which is in kinematic connection with the escape wheel 3 via a finishing train (also not shown).
- the escape wheel 3 is pivotally mounted on a shaft (not shown), the theoretical axis is indicated by the reference sign 5.
- the teeth of the escape wheel 7 comprise each an amonte face 7a, which interacts with the pallets when the escape wheel 3 is locked, and a pulse face.
- the invention applies to other forms of escape wheel, for example with pointed teeth (English anchor escapement), or less conventional forms.
- the teeth 7 of the escape wheel 3 interact in known manner with an anchor 9, which pivots about a theoretical axis of rotation 1 1.
- this theoretical axis 1 1 coincides with a shaft (not shown), but an anchor of the "suspended" type as described in document CH7081 13, or of any other suitable type is also possible.
- the line joining the axis of rotation 5 of the escape wheel 3 and that of the anchor defines a center distance 12.
- the general shape of the anchor 9 illustrated is conventional.
- it comprises a rod 9a extending from the axis of rotation 11 and ending with a fork 9c, which interacts with a regulating member (not shown) in a known manner so as to oscillate with a predetermined periodicity , which should not be described here in detail.
- a pair of arms 9b extend on either side of the axis of rotation 1 1 in directions substantially perpendicular to the rod 9a, and end with pallets 13, 15. It goes without saying that other forms of anchor less usual can also be used in the context of the invention.
- Each of these pallets 13, 15 is arranged to block and to periodically release the escape wheel, the latter being blocked by one of the pallets 13, 15, and re-locked by the other, in sequence.
- the pallet 13 illustrated on the right in Figure 1 is the entry pallet, located upstream with respect to the direction of rotation of the escape wheel 3 indicated by the arrow, and the pallet 15, located downstream, is the output palette.
- each pallet 13, 15 has come from a piece with the anchor 9, but the invention also applies to pallets reported on the arms 9b.
- Each pallet 13, 15 comprises, as generally known, a rest face 1 3a respectively 15a, and a pulse face 13b respectively 15b.
- the rest faces 13a, 15a serve to lock the escape wheel 3 during rest phases, and the impeller faces 13b, 15b cooperate with the teeth 7 to transmit an impulse to the anchor and thus to the regulating organ during the pulse phase.
- Each of these teeth 7 comprises a spout 7c, which interacts with the rest faces 13a, 15a of the vanes 13, 15, and an oblique pulse face 7b.
- the spout 7c which is located between the amonte face 7a and the impulse face 7b, as well as this impulse face 7b, contribute to transmitting an impulse to the anchor 9.
- the rest faces 13a, 1 5a are typically planes whose angle is chosen so that, during the rest phases, the resulting force F the contact between the rest face 13a, 15a and the tooth 7 comprises a component which tends to maintain the pallet 13 or 15, if any, engaged with the escape wheel 3.
- This force F therefore generates a torque around the axis of rotation 1 1 of the anchor 9 which tends to rotate the anchor in the counterclockwise direction (according to the orientation of Figure 1) when the input pallet 1 3 is engaged, and clockwise when the output pallet 15 is engaged.
- the impulse faces of the vanes 13b, 15b are typically planes, which causes, during the pulses, a reduction in the torque transmitted from the escape wheel 3 to the anchor 9. along each pulse phase. This torque variation is inefficient and limits the efficiency of the exhaust 1.
- the invention therefore relates mainly to the shape of the impulse faces 1 3b, 1 5b of the pallets 1 3, 1 5, and that of the impeller face 7b of the teeth 7 of the impeller.
- face Since the active faces 13a, 13b, 15a, 15b of the pallets are not, or at least should not be, planar, the term "face” is used instead of the usual wording "plane of ... ".
- FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic modeling that can be used to calculate the shape of the impulse faces of the pallets.
- the geometrical relation between the point of contact C between the impulse face 13b of the entry pallet and a tooth 7 of the escape wheel 3, the escape wheel 3, and the center distance 12 is illustrated.
- a tolerance of +/- 10%, preferably +/- 7%, preferably +/- 5% or even +/- 3% or +/- 2 may be added. % to present realistic manufacturing tolerances.
- COF is the trigonometric tangent (in radians) of the coefficient of friction between the escape wheel and said impulse face, that is to say ⁇ ( ⁇ ) according to the conventional notation
- R is the distance between the axis of rotation of said escape wheel and said point of contact, with a tolerance of +/- 10%, preferably +/- 7%, more preferably +/- 5% or even +/- 3% or +/- 2% in order to present realistic manufacturing tolerances
- C is the ratio of torque between that of the anchor relative to that of the escape wheel, that is to say C a / i C re / C wheel
- L is the length of said center distance 12.
- the invention encompasses a family of possible curves. This is inevitable in view of manufacturing tolerances, since it is very difficult to reproducibly produce a curve that is mathematically perfect.
- FIG. 7 illustrates this growth as a function of the angle ⁇ (t) of the contact point C over time, and the values of the angle ⁇ 0 thus calculated at a plurality of points can be used to define tangents which can be combined in an undefined manner to define the shape of the impulse face 13b of the input pallet 13 over at least a part of its length. This part may extend over for example at least 20%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60% or even at least 80% or 90% of the length of said pulse face 13b. From these figures, it is clear that said impulse face 13 will be convex.
- FIG. 6 also illustrates, in an exaggerated manner, the development of a 0 rientation of the impulse face 15b of the output pallet Along its pulse phase.
- the angle at 0 rientation decreases.
- FIG. 8 illustrates this decrease as a function of the angle ⁇ of the contact point C; indeed during the movement has moved away from the center distance or a is strictly negative in the trigonometric sense, so has (t) decreases during the movement.
- the angles 0 nentation thus calculated can be used to define the tangents which can be combined to define the shape of the impulse face 15b of the exit pallet 15, on at least a portion of its length.
- This part may extend over for example at least 20%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60% or even at least 80% or 90% of the length of said pulse face 15b.
- the angle increases during the corresponding pulse phase, since the contact point C moves away from the center distance 12. According to these figures, it is clear that said face pulse 15 will be concave.
- the shapes of the pulse planes 13b, 15b, pallets can be determined for an exhaust having a given geometry, and taking into account the shape of the impulse faces 7b of This causes the development of the position of the point of contact with the pallets 13, 15 along the pulse phases.
- a gold ientation represents the angle formed between the tangent of the front pulse 7b of the tooth 7 to the contact point C and the centreline 12, the other variables being as described above in the context of the profile of the impulse faces 13b, 15b of the pallets 13, 15.
- the value C must be less than a predefined threshold value (see below).
- C is the torque ratio at this beak change and Seuil is a value of a delamination threshold calculated by experimentation or modeling, or even arbitrarily defined. More concretely, it is possible, for example, to define a limit derivative of the speed ratio of the anchor 9 on the wheel 3, by modeling.
- the Threshold parameter is so influenced by the geometry of the escapement, but modelings have indicated that a value of at most 0.01, preferably at most 0.005 are generally applicable, or can be used in any case as starting points.
- Threshold * a + C "3 ( ⁇ 0 ⁇ 6 ⁇ ⁇ 071 - ⁇ + € 0 ⁇ )
- a tolerance of +/- 10%, preferably +/- 7%, preferably +/- 5% or even +/- 3% or +/- 2% may be added to the value of o entation, in order to present realistic manufacturing tolerances.
- the invention encompasses a family of possible curves. This is inevitable in view of manufacturing tolerances, since it is very difficult to reproducibly produce a curve that is mathematically perfect.
- the angle ao entation can be calculated at several points, in order to determine the profile of said impulse face 7b in the manner mentioned above. .
- FIG. 11 is a standardized graph illustrating a comparison of the speed ratio of the anchor 9 on the escape wheel 3 on a clearance and an impulse, for a conventional exhaust ("Rv Standard Profiles") and a exhaust according to the invention ("Rv Curved profiles”).
- This graph illustrates both the effect of the shape of the pulse faces 13b, 15b which ensures a constant torque transmission during the pulse phase on the impulse face 7b of a tooth 7, as well as the effect of the curved profile of the teeth 7 of the escape wheel.
- This graph also illustrates the effect of the curved profile of the impulse face 7b of the teeth 7 of the escape wheel 3. Since this face 7b is curved, the slope of the curve of the speed ratio has a slope. significantly lower than that which occurs in the classic case "Rv Standard Profiles". A detachment can thus be avoided.
- the anchor 9 and / or the escape wheel 3 described above can, for example, be manufactured by m icro-machining processes, such as the
- Suitable materials may, for example, be selected from monocrystalline, polycrystalline or amorphous metals (such as steel, nickel-phosphorus, brass or similar), non-metals such as silicon, its oxide, nitride or carbide, alumina in all its forms, diamond (including adamantine carbon), these metals at the metal being monocrystalline or polycrystalline. All these materials may optionally be coated with another hard material and / or anti-friction, such as adamantine carbon or silicon oxide.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
- Table Equipment (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21169122.5A EP3869279A1 (fr) | 2016-11-17 | 2017-11-16 | Échappement à transmission de couple optimisé |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH01521/16A CH713143A1 (fr) | 2016-11-17 | 2016-11-17 | Échappement pour pièce d'horlogerie. |
| PCT/EP2017/079518 WO2018091616A1 (fr) | 2016-11-17 | 2017-11-16 | Echappement d'horlogerie a transmission de couple optimise |
Related Child Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21169122.5A Division EP3869279A1 (fr) | 2016-11-17 | 2017-11-16 | Échappement à transmission de couple optimisé |
| EP21169122.5A Division-Into EP3869279A1 (fr) | 2016-11-17 | 2017-11-16 | Échappement à transmission de couple optimisé |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3542224A1 true EP3542224A1 (fr) | 2019-09-25 |
| EP3542224B1 EP3542224B1 (fr) | 2022-05-18 |
Family
ID=57485268
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17801690.3A Active EP3542224B1 (fr) | 2016-11-17 | 2017-11-16 | Echappement d'horlogerie a transmission de couple optimise |
| EP21169122.5A Withdrawn EP3869279A1 (fr) | 2016-11-17 | 2017-11-16 | Échappement à transmission de couple optimisé |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21169122.5A Withdrawn EP3869279A1 (fr) | 2016-11-17 | 2017-11-16 | Échappement à transmission de couple optimisé |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US11480923B2 (fr) |
| EP (2) | EP3542224B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP7016360B2 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN109997084B (fr) |
| CH (1) | CH713143A1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2018091616A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP7103041B2 (ja) * | 2018-08-03 | 2022-07-20 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | アンクル、ムーブメント、時計 |
| EP4383012A1 (fr) * | 2022-12-08 | 2024-06-12 | ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse | Profil auto-demarrant pour echappement d'horlogerie |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH9351A (de) * | 1894-10-15 | 1895-05-31 | Hermann Fischer | Verbesserter Anker für Uhren aller Art |
| US3538705A (en) * | 1968-11-07 | 1970-11-10 | Hamilton Watch Co | Escapement |
| US3628327A (en) * | 1969-04-14 | 1971-12-21 | Suwa Seikosha Kk | Clubtooth lever escapement |
| EP1770452A1 (fr) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-04 | Peter Baumberger | Echappement à detente pour pièce d'horlogerie |
| CH702689B1 (fr) * | 2006-11-13 | 2011-08-31 | Patek Philippe Sa Geneve | Echappement à ancre. |
| CN201083966Y (zh) * | 2007-07-02 | 2008-07-09 | 天津中鸥表业集团有限公司 | 机械手表的擒纵机构 |
| CH708113B1 (de) | 2007-09-13 | 2014-12-15 | Stéphane Von Gunten | Anker für eine Uhrenhemmung. |
| EP2336832B1 (fr) * | 2009-12-21 | 2020-12-02 | Rolex Sa | Échappement à ancre suisse |
| WO2011120180A1 (fr) * | 2010-04-01 | 2011-10-06 | Rolex S.A. | Dispositif de blocage pour roue dentée |
| EP2431823A1 (fr) * | 2010-09-16 | 2012-03-21 | Blancpain S.A. | Echappement blancpain à ancre amélioré pour mouvement d'horlogerie |
| JP5485859B2 (ja) * | 2010-11-17 | 2014-05-07 | セイコーインスツル株式会社 | アンクル脱進機及びこれを備えた機械式時計 |
| CH704764A2 (fr) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-15 | Cartier Creation Studio Sa | Mécanisme d'échappement notamment pour mouvement d'horlogerie. |
| EP2607968B1 (fr) * | 2011-12-21 | 2014-10-08 | Vaucher Manufacture Fleurier S.A. | Mécanisme d'échappement |
| JP5891076B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-09 | 2016-03-22 | セイコーインスツル株式会社 | がんぎ歯、該がんぎ歯を備えたがんぎ車、アンクル脱進器、ムーブメント、並びに機械式時計及びトルク伝達方法 |
| EP2706416B1 (fr) * | 2012-09-07 | 2015-11-18 | The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd | Ancre flexible à force constante |
-
2016
- 2016-11-17 CH CH01521/16A patent/CH713143A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2017
- 2017-11-16 JP JP2019525883A patent/JP7016360B2/ja active Active
- 2017-11-16 US US16/349,905 patent/US11480923B2/en active Active
- 2017-11-16 CN CN201780073775.3A patent/CN109997084B/zh active Active
- 2017-11-16 EP EP17801690.3A patent/EP3542224B1/fr active Active
- 2017-11-16 EP EP21169122.5A patent/EP3869279A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-11-16 WO PCT/EP2017/079518 patent/WO2018091616A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP7016360B2 (ja) | 2022-02-21 |
| CN109997084B (zh) | 2021-03-12 |
| US20200064776A1 (en) | 2020-02-27 |
| EP3869279A1 (fr) | 2021-08-25 |
| EP3542224B1 (fr) | 2022-05-18 |
| US11480923B2 (en) | 2022-10-25 |
| WO2018091616A1 (fr) | 2018-05-24 |
| CN109997084A (zh) | 2019-07-09 |
| CH713143A1 (fr) | 2018-05-31 |
| JP2019536031A (ja) | 2019-12-12 |
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