EP3538682A1 - Blech aus einer magnesiumbasislegierung und verfahren zur herstellung eines bleches und blechbauteils aus dieser - Google Patents
Blech aus einer magnesiumbasislegierung und verfahren zur herstellung eines bleches und blechbauteils aus dieserInfo
- Publication number
- EP3538682A1 EP3538682A1 EP17794741.3A EP17794741A EP3538682A1 EP 3538682 A1 EP3538682 A1 EP 3538682A1 EP 17794741 A EP17794741 A EP 17794741A EP 3538682 A1 EP3538682 A1 EP 3538682A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sheet metal
- sheet
- metal component
- alloy
- magnesium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/02—Alloys based on magnesium with aluminium as the next major constituent
Definitions
- Sheet of a magnesium-based alloy and method for producing a sheet and sheet metal component therefrom
- the invention relates to a sheet of a magnesium-based alloy. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a semi-finished product from a magnesium-based alloy and a sheet metal component produced by this method.
- magnesium alloy castings have been successfully used in substantial quantities for decades in various industrial sectors, the use of magnesium wrought alloys is currently limited to a few fields and niche applications. This is mainly due to increased process costs for the production and processing of magnesium-based alloy semi-finished products, mainly due to poor deformability of the hexagonal lattice.
- the sheets produced often have a pronounced texture in the grain orientation, which is caused by a preferred orientation of the basal surfaces in the sheet plane. This preferred orientation of the basal surfaces in the sheet plane significantly limits the deformation behavior at room temperature. This requires, for example, the necessity of hot rolling and hot forming of sheets, which leads to wasteful processes.
- Magnesium sheet metal is provided by the casting-rolling process, in which the melt is fed directly between two rolls, thus saving a large number of rolling steps to the final thickness, as required in the conventional slab rolling process.
- Such a method is known from DE 100 52 423 C1, in which a melt of a magnesium alloy is cast continuously to a pre-strip with a thickness of at most 50 mm and in which the cast pre-strip to a hot strip with a final thickness of at most 4 mm hot rolled.
- calcium and zirconium are added to the magnesium alloy, which is associated with higher costs.
- Composition are cost neutral and can be implemented by improved properties significant cost advantages in the manufacturing and processing process.
- the alloy design has a number of important points to consider.
- yield limit values of more than 200 MPa are to be striven for, in the limit of more than 300 MPa.
- alloys with a high content of rare earth metals such as conventionally manufactured high-strength variants with long-period stacking order structures, are then out of the question.
- Grain growth inhibition can be achieved by targeted excretion of finely divided
- the object of the invention is to provide a sheet of a cost-effective magnesium-based alloy, with which subsequently a sheet metal component can be produced.
- the object is achieved by a sheet of a magnesium-based alloy containing in percent by weight
- the alloy design of the magnesium-based alloy according to the invention is based both on the concept of fine grain hardening, ie the avoidance or at least reduction of grain growth during hot forming, and on the concept of precipitation hardening.
- the low-cost alloying elements, calcium, aluminum and manganese are used. Due to a relatively low alloy content, primary excretions from the melt, which would be extremely disadvantageous in the further process, are avoided. In addition to avoiding
- Alloy elements the advantage of a low braking effect of dissolved alloy atoms on the dislocation movement at elevated temperatures, resulting in low forming forces and higher forming speeds, which is desirable.
- Another advantage of lean alloys is their low propensity for segregations, so that process costs can be saved by shortening long homogenization treatments, provided these segregations are even to be dissolved. It is clear that the avoidance of
- Seigeungen during casting rolling will have a direct and significant impact on the sheet quality.
- Calcium may be present in weight percentages of from 0.2% to 0.55%, preferably 0.25% to 0.45%, more preferably 0.30% to 0.40%. Experiments have shown that too calcium can no longer be dissolved in solution and primary Mg 2 Ca phase is formed directly from the melt.
- Manganese may preferably be present in percentages by weight of from 0.20% to 0.55%, more preferably from 0.3% to 0.55%. Both alloying elements, ie calcium and manganese, are salaried in the same way as aluminum, so that both a fine grain and a precipitation hardening can be achieved in the Mg-Al-Ca-Mn system.
- the aluminum content in weight percent in the magnesium-based alloy may be 0.4% to 0.95%, preferably 0.5% to 0.8%, especially 0.55% to 0.75%, aluminum.
- a certain minimum aluminum content is necessary, since aluminum is required both for fine grain curing via the Al 8 Mn 5 dispersoids and for precipitation hardening via the Al 2 Ca phases.
- a maximum content is preferably limited because with increasing Al content the
- the proportion of aluminum in weight percent in the magnesium alloy must be greater than the sum of 1, 1 times the calcium content and 0.5 times the manganese content each in weight percent.
- the calcium content in weight percent multiplied by 1, 1 plus the manganese content in weight percent multiplied by 0.5 gives a value
- the aluminum content in weight percent must be greater than this value.
- the proportion of aluminum in weight percent in the magnesium alloy must be less than the sum of 1.3 times the calcium content and 0.8 times the manganese content, each in percent by weight.
- an alloy according to the invention advantageously has Al 2 Ca precipitates. Furthermore, it is also possible for Al 8 Mn 5 dispersoids to be present.
- An inventive sheet of this Magesiumleg ist preferably has a
- the alloy may have a tensile strength of more than 220 MPa, more preferably 250 MPa or more, for example, 270 MPa or more.
- the elongation at break is particularly preferably at least 15%, in particular 20% or more.
- the method object is achieved with the features of independent claim 7.
- the method for producing a sheet comprises the following steps:
- the sheet obtained by this method is cut to transportable lengths and / or can be wound into a coil.
- Magnesium alloy with the casting rolls leads to several advantages: With the According to the invention, a sheet metal can be provided in a particularly cost-effective manner which, after further processing, has excellent mechanical properties
- Solution annealing performed subsequent to step d).
- a solution annealing is carried out after process step d) after process step d), with the process heat from the solution annealing in direct connection being used for shaping or hot forming of the metal sheet for producing a sheet metal component.
- a high-strength sheet-metal component can be provided in a particularly cost-effective manner. It is among other things advantageous that the production of the sheet metal component with complex geometry with relatively high
- Process speed or at low forming forces and temperatures can take place, although it is a magnesium wrought alloy.
- the sheet metal component is cured to form Al 2 Ca precipitates or metastable precursors of such precipitates.
- the curing takes place at a temperature of 150 C to 250 ° C in a period of 5 to 180 min., Particularly preferably at a temperature of 150 C to 200 ° C in a period of 30 to 90 min ..
- the curing take place after the shaping of the sheet metal component. This curing without additional energy in the automotive industry during the
- This heating after pressing to a sheet metal component is also called outsourcing.
- the yield strength of the sheet is particularly preferably increased by at least 75 MPa.
- a high-strength sheet-metal component can be provided in a particularly cost-effective manner. It is among other things advantageous that the production of the sheet metal component with complex geometry with relatively high
- a tuning of the alloying elements aluminum, calcium and manganese can be carried out by appropriate tuning of the melt.
- the melt may contain from 0.4% by weight to 0.95% by weight, preferably from 0.5% by weight to 0.8% by weight, in particular from 0.55% by weight to 0.75% by weight, of aluminum.
- the melt may contain from 0.2% by weight to 0.55% by weight, preferably from 0.25% by weight to 0.45% by weight, in particular from 0.30% by weight to 0.40% by weight, of calcium.
- Manganese can be found in the
- a sheet metal component which is produced by a method in which the alloy of the sheet metal component has the following composition in percent by weight:
- the sheet metal component preferably has a tensile strength (R m ) of at least 220 MPa, in particular 250 MPa, and a yield strength (R., 0 .2) of at least 200 MPa, in particular 220 MPa.
- R m tensile strength
- R., 0 .2 yield strength
- the sheet metal component of at least 98% of all grains has a particle size in a range between 3 pm and 30 m. Furthermore, a mechanical property of the sheet metal component in the three spatial directions (RD, TD, ND) of the sheet metal component can not vary by more than 30%.
- the alloy design according to the invention takes into account both a fine grain hardening and a precipitation hardening. These two concepts are set forth below in consideration of the prior art.
- the Hall-Petch coefficient for fine-grained magnesium alloys is about 250 MPa pm 1 2 , which is significantly higher than that of Aluminum with about 30 MPa m 2 (N.Hansen: The effect of grain size and strain on the tensile flow stress of aluminum at room temperature, Acta metal, Vol. 25 [1977] pp. 863-869). Fine grain hardening is therefore crucial for magnesium alloys. A successful strategy for achieving a particularly small grain size is based on the finding that during hot forming,
- rolls, the recovery, recrystallization, and grain growth processes can be conveniently controlled by second phase particles.
- the grain refining effect has already been described in detail for the Mg-Zn-Ca system (J.Hartstetter, S. Rüedi, I. Baumgartner, H. Kilian, B. Mingier, E. Povoden-Karadeniz, S. Pogatscher, PJ Uggowitzer, JF Löffler :
- An alloy ZX10 with about 1% zinc (Zn) and 0.3% calcium (Ca) has a particle size of about 1, 8 m after extrusion at 325 ° C and very good mechanical properties (yield strength ⁇ 250 MPa) , Tensile strength ⁇ 270 MPA,
- the specifically introduced fine particles of the Mg 2 Ca type have an adverse effect on the extrusion rate and result in a low punch speed of only about 0.5 mms "1 to 1 mms " 1 .
- the microstructure at the press temperature is free from
- microstructure-property relations of high-strengh low-alloy [HSLA] Mg-Zn-Ca alloys, Acta Mater, Vol. 25 (2015) p. 423-432) also has the advantage, in addition to the described possibility of fine grain hardening, that as a grain growth inhibitor the Lavesphase Mg 2 Ca can be selected. While all other possible intermetallic phases in magnesium alloys have a more positive electrochemical potential than the magnesium matrix, ie have a cathodic effect, Mg 2 Ca is slightly less noble than Mg and therefore acts anodically.
- intermetallic phases IM1 (Ca 3 Mg x Zn 5. x , 4,6 ⁇ x ⁇ 12). The effects that can be achieved with precipitation hardening are explained below.
- magnesium-based alloy systems have the principal potential for precipitation hardening, but the intermetallic phases are different in many
- the binary system Mg-Ca shows only a very weak curing effect after aging of the solution-annealed state at 200 ° C. With the addition of Zn or AI, however, the achievable precipitation hardening increases markedly.
- the precipitate sequence is described by: SSSS ("supersaturated solid solution”) - ordered Guinier-Preston zones (GP zones) - ⁇ '(MgCaZn) - ⁇ (Mg.Zn) 2 Ca at a low Zn / Ca ratio or SSSS - GP zones - fine plate-shaped IM1 with increased Zn / Ca ratio (JF None: Precipitation and hardening in magnesium alloys, Metal, Mater., Trans., Vol. 43A [2012], pp.
- Fine grain hardening a yield strength of R p ⁇ 250 MPa could be achieved.
- Two different heat treatments can be considered with respect to hot curing this alloy: (i) particle hardening after solution annealing at 450 ° C for 10 minutes and water quenching followed by heat aging at 200 ° C; (ii) Particle curing after recrystallization annealing of the extruded state at 325 C for 10 min and water quenching followed by heat aging at 200 ° C.
- the annealing temperature is above the solvus temperature of Mg 2 Ca and the grain growth inhibiting particles are dissolved.
- the grain size increases from 1.8 pm to 75 pm with corresponding loss of grain refining.
- the intermetallic particles are retained and no appreciable grain growth occurs.
- the precipitation pressure is lower because not all the alloying elements are in solid solution.
- the solution-annealed condition shows appreciable tempering with a maximum T6 hardness increase of approximately 12 HV points.
- the hardening loss due to grain coarsening is much more pronounced than the hardness gain due to precipitation hardening.
- Precipitation hardening in the Mg-Zn-Ca alloy system can not be implemented to the desired extent.
- microalloying MgCa 0.5 with aluminum can result in significant precipitation hardening (J. Jayaraj, CL Mendis, T. Ohkubo, K. Oh-ishi, K. Hono: Enhanced precipitation hardening of Mg-Ca alloy by Al addition, Scripta Mater, Vol. 63 [2010] S 831-834).
- the achievable increase in hardness after solution annealing and aging at 200 ° C with 28 hardness points is well above the achievable with the system Mg-Zn-Ca value.
- the elimination sequence is indicated with: SSSS - ordered GP zones - AI 2 Ca. It should be noted, however, that the alloying limits for AI are very narrow. If the AI content is too low, the precipitation pressure is too low; at higher AI contents of> 0.5%, Ca 2 Ca is excreted from the melt primarily as Mg 2 Ca according to thermodynamic calculations and is no longer available in sufficient quantity for the formation of the GP phases (Al 2 Ca precursors) available.
- Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of steps a) and b) of inventive method; a preferred embodiment of step c) of
- Fig. 4 shows a preferred embodiment of step e) and f) of
- FIGS. 1 to 3 shows a preferred variant of steps a) and b) in which an alloy 10 is shown as a melt 10 'and as a cast strip 10 "The alloy 10 has a composition of 0.65% by weight Al, 0.3% by weight % Ca and 0.5% by weight Mn, the remainder being magnesium and manufacturing impurities
- Magnesium alloy does not contain rare earths in this embodiment.
- the percentage by weight of manufacturing impurities is limited to less than 55 ppm for each element.
- the alloy 10 is melted and a melt 10 'having a temperature in the range of 680 C to 750 C is set.
- the molten magnesium alloy 10 ' is charged between a first roller 12 and a second roller 14 of the casting mill 16.
- the rolling speed 18 of the rollers 12, 14 may be between 1.5 m / min to 3.5 m / min.
- the deduction of the tape 10 "takes place in the vertical direction below, wherein the melt 10 'between the rollers 12, 14 at least so far solidifies that the cast strip 10 "can be removed.
- the thickness 20 of the cast strip 10 "thus produced is 1-5 mm, preferably 2-5 mm, and the width 22 of the cast strip 10" is preferably 200 cm wide, depending on the plant technology.
- step c) of the method wherein the cast strip 10 "is subjected to homogenization annealing
- Homogenizing annealing is carried out at 480-520 C for 20 min-1 h, during which the heating of the cast strip 10 "should take place slowly, preferably a heating rate of about 4 C / min is selected , However, the subsequent cooling of the cast strip 10 "takes place rapidly in the air at a high cooling rate.
- the cast strip 10 is subsequently rolled to final thickness in a plurality of passes, which is 0.5-3 mm
- the cast strip 10 is hot-rolled in passes I-VII.
- the rolling degree is between 0.005-0.3 depending on the choice of the rolling temperature, which is in the range between 250 C - 420 C, preferably between 350 C-400 C.
- cold cuts with the stitches VIII and IX still follow the stitches I to VII, but this is not absolutely necessary 4
- the coil is cut into sheet metal sections in a cutting system 4. This process can also be carried out at a suitable later point in time
- the sheet 1 is now supplied as a coil 3 or sheet section of a buffer zone 6 before the sheet 1 is fed to a furnace 7 for solution annealing.
- a solution annealing of the sheet 1 is carried out at 480 C-520 C for 10-30 min, followed by rapid cooling in air in a cooling zone 8.
- the sheet 1 is used as coil 3 or sheet metal section one
- Heating furnace 1 1 fed and heated to a temperature of 120 C - 280 C. Subsequently, the plate 1 is fed as quickly as possible via a robot 12 a press 14 and hot formed in a tool 13.
- the press 14 can be kept at a constant temperature via a cooling device 15.
- sheet metal components 5 is produced.
- the sheet metal component 5 is removed from the press 14 via a transfer device 16 and fed to a paging furnace 17.
- the increase in strength thus achieved in the sheet-metal component as a result of removal from storage is 75-100 MPa.
- the outsourcing treatment following the component transformation preferably takes place after the sheet metal components have been joined to form a sheet metal composite or to a body during the paint drying of the entire body.
- the solution annealing attached to the sheet metal fabrication can be combined with the heating of the sheet before forming. The forming then takes place in a little or completely unheated tool.
- a tuned sheet metal alloy design is required to achieve both fine grain hardening and precipitation hardening.
- the inventors have determined from calculations with the low cure potential of the known alloy of Nakata et al. (T.Nakata, T. Mezaki, R. Ajima, C.XU et al .: High-speed extrusion of heat-treatable Mg-Al-Ca-Mn dilute alloy, Scripta Mater., Vol. 101 [2015] pp. 28-31 T. Nakata, K. Shimizu, Y. Matsumoto, S. Hanaki, S. Kamado: Effect of Mn content of microstructures on the mechanical properties of Mg-Al-Ca-Mn alloys fabricated by high-speed extrusion, Magnesium Techn. TMS 2015, pp.
- the critical hardening phase AI 2 Ca does not occur in the temperature range of 200 ° C, so that does not coincide with the occurrence of the Jayaraj et al. (J.Jayaraj, CL Mendis, T. Ohkubo, K. Oh-ishi, K. Hono: Enhanced precipitation hardening of Mg-Ca alloy by AI addition, Scripta Mater., Vol. 63 [2010], pp. 831-834) ordered GP zones can be expected.
- the phase Mg 2 Ca forms, but as above mentioned, has only a very weak curing effect.
- the alloying elements in the respective amount are now adjusted so that, on the one hand, there are sufficient Al 8 Mn 5 -dispersed poisons as grain growth hammers, but on the other hand, sufficient Al remains in solution to form ordered GP zones.
- FIG. 7 shows by way of example the result of an alloy optimized therewith with 0.65% Al, 0.3% Ca and 0.5% Mn (total of 0.99 atom% alloy content).
- Solution annealing is accordingly broad (via solvus of Mg 2 Ca and under
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016221902.2A DE102016221902A1 (de) | 2016-11-08 | 2016-11-08 | Blech aus einer Magnesiumbasislegierung und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bleches und Blechbauteils aus dieser |
| PCT/EP2017/078587 WO2018087139A1 (de) | 2016-11-08 | 2017-11-08 | Blech aus einer magnesiumbasislegierung und verfahren zur herstellung eines bleches und blechbauteils aus dieser |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3538682A1 true EP3538682A1 (de) | 2019-09-18 |
| EP3538682B1 EP3538682B1 (de) | 2021-03-24 |
Family
ID=60268394
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17794741.3A Active EP3538682B1 (de) | 2016-11-08 | 2017-11-08 | Blech aus einer magnesiumbasislegierung und verfahren zur herstellung eines bleches und blechbauteils aus dieser |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3538682B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN109923230B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102016221902A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2018087139A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114908278A (zh) | 2021-02-08 | 2022-08-16 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | 镁合金和锻造组件 |
| CN112981203B (zh) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-11-12 | 吉林大学 | 一种耐腐蚀高强韧镁合金及其制备方法 |
| CN114990399B (zh) * | 2022-04-06 | 2023-05-23 | 吉林大学 | 一种弱偏析高耐蚀镁合金及其制备方法 |
| CN117363938B (zh) * | 2023-10-12 | 2026-01-30 | 吉林大学 | 一种低合金含量细晶超塑性镁合金及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1190111A (en) * | 1968-01-03 | 1970-04-29 | Dow Chemical Co | Magnesium Base Alloy |
| DE10052423C1 (de) | 2000-10-23 | 2002-01-03 | Thyssenkrupp Stahl Ag | Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines Magnesium-Warmbands |
| JP2008163361A (ja) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-07-17 | Mitsubishi Alum Co Ltd | 均一微細な結晶粒を有するマグネシウム合金薄板の製造方法 |
| JP4991280B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-28 | 2012-08-01 | 三菱アルミニウム株式会社 | マグネシウム合金薄板の製造方法 |
| JP5424391B2 (ja) * | 2009-09-30 | 2014-02-26 | 国立大学法人長岡技術科学大学 | マグネシウム合金圧延材並びにその製造方法 |
| AT510087B1 (de) * | 2010-07-06 | 2012-05-15 | Ait Austrian Institute Of Technology Gmbh | Magnesiumlegierung |
| JP2012097309A (ja) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-24 | Sanden Corp | マグネシウム合金部材、エアコン用圧縮機及びマグネシウム合金部材の製造方法 |
| EP2839047B1 (de) | 2012-04-18 | 2016-01-13 | Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht Zentrum für Material- und Küstenforschung GmbH | Calcium als substitut für seltene erdelemente in magnesium-blechlegierungen mit guten umformeigenschaften |
| JP6432344B2 (ja) * | 2012-04-19 | 2018-12-05 | 国立大学法人 熊本大学 | マグネシウム合金及びその製造方法 |
| CN104046868B (zh) * | 2014-06-26 | 2017-01-25 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种无稀土低成本高强度导热镁合金及其制备方法 |
-
2016
- 2016-11-08 DE DE102016221902.2A patent/DE102016221902A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2017
- 2017-11-08 WO PCT/EP2017/078587 patent/WO2018087139A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2017-11-08 CN CN201780068670.9A patent/CN109923230B/zh active Active
- 2017-11-08 EP EP17794741.3A patent/EP3538682B1/de active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2018087139A1 (de) | 2018-05-17 |
| DE102016221902A1 (de) | 2018-05-09 |
| CN109923230B (zh) | 2021-11-05 |
| EP3538682B1 (de) | 2021-03-24 |
| CN109923230A (zh) | 2019-06-21 |
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