EP3531508B1 - Reflective array antenna and communication device - Google Patents

Reflective array antenna and communication device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3531508B1
EP3531508B1 EP16922860.8A EP16922860A EP3531508B1 EP 3531508 B1 EP3531508 B1 EP 3531508B1 EP 16922860 A EP16922860 A EP 16922860A EP 3531508 B1 EP3531508 B1 EP 3531508B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
array
reflective
polarization direction
feed
electromagnetic wave
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP16922860.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3531508A1 (en
EP3531508A4 (en
Inventor
Hao Long
Yanxing Luo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3531508A1 publication Critical patent/EP3531508A1/en
Publication of EP3531508A4 publication Critical patent/EP3531508A4/en
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Publication of EP3531508B1 publication Critical patent/EP3531508B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters 
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
    • H01Q19/195—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface wherein a reflecting surface acts also as a polarisation filter or a polarising device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/2658—Phased-array fed focussing structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
    • H01Q3/46—Active lenses or reflecting arrays

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a reflective array antenna and a communications device.
  • Beam steerable antennas have attracted extensive attention in microwave communication.
  • a beam steering capability of such antennas can, on one hand, significantly reduce a microwave antenna mounting and alignment time, and on the other hand, achieve a beam tracking capability to resolve a link interruption problem caused by device jolt resulting from a strong wind or the like.
  • EP 3 062 392 A1 describes a reflector comprising a substrate, a plurality of reflector structures disposed on or in the substrate and adapted to reflect an incident electromagnetic wave.
  • the reflector further comprises an electronic circuit disposed on, on or in the substrate and adapted to control an antenna when the antenna is connected to the electronic circuit.
  • DE 101 12 893 A1 describes a feeder antenna emits a wave onto a polarizing reflector that is so polarized that the wave is reflected.
  • the polarizing reflector has additional reflector elements with which the reflecting phase can be adjusted by relying on location.
  • the wave falls from the reflector onto a second reflector that works with the first reflector to bundle up rays.
  • This second reflector has a device or property for rotating the polarization of the incident wave by 90 deg.
  • LEBERER R ET AL "A dual planar reflectarray with synthesized phase and amplitude distribution", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, IEEE SERVICE CENTER, PISCATAWAY, NJ, US, vol. 53, no. 11, 1 November 2005 (2005-11-01), pages 3534-3539, XP001512751, ISSN: 0018-926X, DOI: 10.1109/TAP.2005.858813 describes a quasi-planar reflector arrangement for generating an arbitrary phase and amplitude distribution in the antenna aperture and thus a wide range of far field patterns.
  • Embodiments of this application provide a reflective array antenna, to resolve a problem of a limited steering angle due to that a primary reflective array is blocked by a secondary reflective surface.
  • the secondary reflective surface can reflect the electromagnetic wave in the first polarization direction, and allows the electromagnetic wave in the second polarization direction to penetrate, so that the secondary reflective surface can be set to have a relatively large area and the electromagnetic wave emitted by the primary reflective array is not blocked. In this way, a required beam steering range can be achieved with relatively low costs, and a requirement on a directivity pattern during application can be met.
  • the feed array includes a plurality of feed antenna elements and an adjustment unit connected to each feed antenna element.
  • the adjustment unit includes a phase shifting apparatus that is connected to each feed antenna element and that is used for phase shifting, and, optionally, a gain adjustment apparatus that is connected to each feed antenna element and that is used for amplitude adjustment.
  • a beam direction of the array feed can be steered by adjusting the phase shifting apparatus and/or the gain adjustment apparatus that is in the array feed and that is connected to each feed antenna element.
  • the primary reflective array includes a plurality of reflective elements arranged in an array.
  • Each reflective element includes a substrate and a reflective patch disposed on the substrate.
  • the reflective patch can rotate a polarization direction of an incident electromagnetic wave by 90 degrees.
  • the disposed reflective patch can change the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave, so that the electromagnetic wave can be transmitted through the secondary reflective surface instead of being blocked by the secondary reflective surface.
  • the secondary reflective surface may be set in different manners. This is described in detail below.
  • the secondary reflective surface includes a substrate and a single polarization slot array provided on the substrate, and each slot allows the electromagnetic wave in the second polarization direction to penetrate.
  • the single polarization slots are arranged in an array, so that the electromagnetic wave in the first polarization direction emitted by the feed can be reflected to the primary reflective array for reflection.
  • phase retardation of the slots in an arrangement direction from a center to an edge of the secondary reflective surface gradually decreases.
  • the secondary reflective surface is of a panel structure.
  • the primary reflective array is also of a panel structure.
  • the secondary reflective surface may alternatively be in a different shape such as a rectangular shape, a circular shape or an oval shape.
  • the secondary reflective surface is a polarization grid of an arc structure, where a polarization direction of the polarization grid is perpendicular to a polarization direction of a signal emitted by the feed array, and a surface of the polarization grid facing the feed array is concave.
  • the embodiments of this application further provide a communications device.
  • the communications device includes any foregoing described reflective array antenna.
  • the secondary reflective surface can reflect the electromagnetic wave in the first polarization direction, and allows the electromagnetic wave in the second polarization direction to penetrate, so that the secondary reflective surface can be set to have a relatively large area and the electromagnetic wave emitted by the primary reflective array is not blocked. In this way, a required beam steering range can be achieved with relatively low costs, and a requirement on a directivity pattern during application can be met.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 5 show reflective array antennas according to two different embodiments.
  • the reflective array antennas in the two specific embodiments each include the following structure: a feed array 10, a secondary reflective surface 30, and a primary reflective array 20.
  • a feed array 10 a feed array 10
  • a secondary reflective surface 30 a secondary reflective surface 30
  • a primary reflective array 20 a primary reflective array 20.
  • the feed array 10 includes feed antenna elements 11 arranged in an array and an adjustment unit connected to each feed antenna element 11.
  • Each feed antenna element 11 may be an independent antenna element 11, or may be a subarray antenna.
  • the electromagnetic wave in the first polarization direction can be emitted by the feed antenna element 11.
  • the feed antenna element 11 and the adjustment unit include a phase shifting apparatus that is connected to each feed antenna element 11 and that is used for phase shifting, and, optionally, a gain adjustment apparatus that is connected to each feed antenna element 11 and that is used for amplitude adjustment.
  • a beam direction of the array feed can be steered by adjusting the phase shifting apparatus and/or the gain adjustment apparatus that is in the array feed and that is connected to each feed antenna element.
  • the electromagnetic wave is transmitted to the secondary reflective surface 30. Because the secondary reflective surface 30 has a function of reflecting the electromagnetic wave in the first polarization direction and allowing the electromagnetic wave in the second polarization direction to penetrate, the electromagnetic wave emitted from the feed array 10 to the secondary reflective surface 30 is reflected again after being reflected to the primary reflective array 20. Moreover, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave can be changed by the primary reflective array 20 during the reflection. In this way, the electromagnetic wave reflected by the primary reflective array 20 is changed into the electromagnetic wave in the second polarization direction, and the electromagnetic wave in the second polarization direction can penetrate through the secondary reflective surface 30.
  • the secondary reflective surface 30 can be set as a structure having a relatively large area, to ensure that the secondary reflective surface 30 can reflect, to the primary reflective array 20, the electromagnetic wave emitted from the feed array 10 and that the specified secondary reflective surface 30 does not block the electromagnetic wave reflected by the primary reflective array 20. In this way, a required beam steering range can be achieved with relatively low costs, and a requirement on a directivity pattern during application can be met.
  • FIG. 3 shows a structure of a reflective element in a primary reflective array 20 according to this embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram of a principle of the reflective element reflecting an electromagnetic wave.
  • the primary reflective array 20 provided in this embodiment includes a plurality of reflective elements arranged in an array.
  • the plurality of reflective elements are arranged in a rectangular array.
  • the reflective elements each include a substrate 21 and a reflective patch 22 shown in FIG. 3 , where the reflective patch 22 is disposed on the substrate 21, and the reflective elements are arranged in an array, the substrates 21 of the plurality of reflective elements form an integrated structure.
  • the entire primary reflective array 20 includes an integrated substrate 21 and reflective patches 22 that are fixed to the substrate 21 and that are arranged in an array.
  • a function of the primary reflective array 20 is mainly implemented by using the reflective patch 22.
  • the reflective patch 22 changes the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave
  • the reflective patch 22 is a reflective patch 22 that rotates the polarization direction of the incident electromagnetic wave by 90 degrees.
  • a size of the reflective patch 22 is designed so that when the electromagnetic wave is reflected by the reflective patch 22, there is a difference of 180 degrees between a retardation of a component parallel to the polarization direction of the reflective patch 22 and a retardation of a component perpendicular to the polarization direction of the reflective patch 22.
  • the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave is changed from the first polarization direction E in into the second polarization direction E out , and the polarization direction of the incident electromagnetic wave is rotated by 90 degrees. Therefore, a reflected signal can penetrate through the secondary reflective array.
  • the secondary reflective surface 30 may be set in different manners. This is described in detail below.
  • FIG. 1 shows a structure of a reflective array antenna
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a secondary reflective surface 30. It can be learned from FIG. 1 that, in the reflective array antenna provided in this embodiment, centers of a secondary reflective surface 30, a primary reflective array 20, and a feed array 10 are located in a same straight line, and the secondary reflective surface 30, the primary reflective array 20, and the feed array 10 are disposed in parallel.
  • the secondary reflective surface 30 is of a panel structure 31, and is specifically, for example, in a different shape such as a rectangular shape, a circular shape, or an oval shape.
  • a plurality of single polarization slots 312 are provided in an array on the panel structure 31.
  • a polarization direction of the single polarization slot 312 is perpendicular to a polarization direction of an electromagnetic wave emitted from the feed array 10.
  • the secondary reflective surface 30 includes a substrate 311.
  • the substrate 311 is of a rectangular shape and a plurality of single polarization slots 312 are provided in an array on the substrate 311.
  • An arrangement direction of the antenna shown in FIG. 1 is used as a reference direction.
  • a length direction of the slot 312 is a vertical direction, and each slot 312 allows an electromagnetic wave in a second polarization direction to penetrate. That is, the polarization direction of the slot 312 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of a signal (the electromagnetic wave emitted from the feed array 10). Therefore, the signal emitted from the feed is reflected by the secondary reflective array (but a signal whose polarization direction is the same as that of the slot 312 can penetrate through the secondary reflective array).
  • the array is a non-uniform array. Different signal retardation on all elements is achieved by designing different shapes of slots 312 to control a phase.
  • a reflected signal in a steering process of a feed beam (the feed array 10) can always fall within a scope of the primary reflective array, that is, the electromagnetic wave in the first polarization direction emitted from the feed can be reflected to the primary reflective array 20 for reflection.
  • phase retardation of the slots in an arrangement direction from a center to an edge of the secondary reflective surface gradually decreases.
  • the different shapes of slots make a phase retardation of a slot close to the central position of the secondary reflective surface relatively great, and a phase retardation of a slot close to the edge position relatively small, so that the phase retardation of the slots from the central position to the edge position gradually decreases.
  • Such a design is intended to compensate for a propagation distance difference between an element position on the secondary reflective surface and that on the primary reflective surface by using a phase retardation difference, so that a signal reflected by a slot in the secondary reflective surface can exactly fall within the scope of the primary reflective array after spatial combination, without wasting energy.
  • FIG. 5 shows a reflective array antenna according to another embodiment of this application
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a secondary reflective surface 30 according to this embodiment.
  • centers of a feed array 10, a primary reflective array 20, and a secondary reflective surface 30 provided in this embodiment are located in a same straight line, and the feed array 10, the primary reflective array 20, and the secondary reflective surface 30 are disposed in parallel.
  • the secondary reflective surface 30 is of an arc structure, that the secondary reflective surface 30 is parallel to the primary reflective array 20 means that a plane in which an edge of a surface of the secondary reflective surface 30 facing the primary reflective array 20 is located is parallel to the primary reflective array 20.
  • the secondary reflective surface 30 provided in this embodiment is a polarization grid 321.
  • An arrangement direction of the antenna shown in FIG. 5 is used as a reference direction.
  • a length direction of the polarization grid 321 is a vertical direction, and a polarization direction of the polarization grid 321 is perpendicular to a polarization direction of a signal emitted from the feed array 10. Therefore, the signal emitted from the feed is reflected by the secondary reflective array (but a signal whose polarization direction is the same as that of the slot 312 can penetrate through the secondary reflective array).
  • the secondary reflective surface 30 is a concave arc panel 32, and a surface of the arc panel 32 facing the feed array 10 is concave.
  • the secondary reflective surface 30 is of a parabolic shape. Such a design is intended to compensate for a propagation distance difference between each reflective point position on the secondary reflective surface and the primary reflective surface by using the arc surface structure, so that a signal reflected by a slot on the secondary reflective surface can exactly fall within a scope of the primary reflective array after spatial combination, and a signal obtained after a feed beam (the electromagnetic wave emitted from the feed array 10) is reflected by the polarization grid 321 can cover the primary reflective array 20.
  • the embodiments of this application further provide a communications device.
  • the communications device includes any foregoing described reflective array antenna.
  • the antenna including the feed array 10, the primary reflective array 20, and the secondary reflective surface 30 is used.
  • the electromagnetic wave is transmitted to the secondary reflective surface 30.
  • the secondary reflective surface 30 has the function of reflecting the electromagnetic wave in the first polarization direction and allowing the electromagnetic wave in the second polarization direction to penetrate, the electromagnetic wave emitted from the feed array 10 to the secondary reflective surface 30 is reflected again after being reflected to the primary reflective array 20.
  • the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave can be changed by the primary reflective array 20 during the reflection.
  • the secondary reflective surface 30 can be set as a structure having a relatively large area, to ensure that the secondary reflective surface 30 can reflect, to the primary reflective array 20, the electromagnetic wave emitted from the feed array 10 and that the specified secondary reflective surface 30 does not block the electromagnetic wave reflected by the primary reflective array 20. In this way, a required beam steering range can be achieved with relatively low costs, and a requirement on a directivity pattern during application can be met.

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  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
EP16922860.8A 2016-11-30 2016-11-30 Reflective array antenna and communication device Active EP3531508B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2016/108052 WO2018098698A1 (zh) 2016-11-30 2016-11-30 一种反射阵天线及通信设备

Publications (3)

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EP3531508A1 EP3531508A1 (en) 2019-08-28
EP3531508A4 EP3531508A4 (en) 2019-10-23
EP3531508B1 true EP3531508B1 (en) 2022-01-05

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EP (1) EP3531508B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP6778820B2 (ja)
CN (1) CN109302851B (ja)
WO (1) WO2018098698A1 (ja)

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WO2020030952A1 (en) 2018-08-08 2020-02-13 Nokia Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd Antenna
JP2023509575A (ja) * 2020-01-08 2023-03-09 メタウェーブ コーポレーション ２次元ビームスキャニングを有するリフレクトアレイアンテナ
CN115051143B (zh) * 2020-03-23 2023-03-28 成都华芯天微科技有限公司 一种基于高增益平面发射阵天线系统的扫描方法
CN113745848B (zh) * 2020-05-29 2024-03-01 华为技术有限公司 一种天线及使用方法、通信基站
CN113922103A (zh) * 2020-07-10 2022-01-11 华为技术有限公司 一种天线系统及波束赋形的方法
CN112201964B (zh) * 2020-09-30 2024-01-16 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 一种反射传输阵列天线及其构建方法
CN113113770B (zh) * 2021-04-30 2024-03-19 广州智讯通信系统有限公司 一种采用极化敏感型线-圆极化变换器的天线
CN114649686B (zh) * 2022-05-16 2022-08-02 电子科技大学 一种具有滤波特性的高增益折合式平面反射阵天线
CN115036683B (zh) * 2022-05-25 2024-02-02 西安电子科技大学 一种以太阳能电池板单元为基础的反射阵列天线

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CN109302851A (zh) 2019-02-01
JP6778820B2 (ja) 2020-11-04
JP2019536384A (ja) 2019-12-12
CN109302851B (zh) 2020-12-04
EP3531508A1 (en) 2019-08-28
EP3531508A4 (en) 2019-10-23
WO2018098698A1 (zh) 2018-06-07

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