Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
  • B65G27/00—Jigging conveyors
  • B65G27/10—Applications of devices for generating or transmitting jigging movements
  • B65G27/32—Applications of devices for generating or transmitting jigging movements with means for controlling direction, frequency or amplitude of vibration or shaking movement
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
  • B65G2203/00—Indexing code relating to control or detection of the articles or the load carriers during conveying
  • B65G2203/02—Control or detection
  • B65G2203/0266—Control or detection relating to the load carrier(s)
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
  • B65G2203/00—Indexing code relating to control or detection of the articles or the load carriers during conveying
  • B65G2203/04—Detection means
  • B65G2203/042—Sensors
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
  • B65G2207/00—Indexing codes relating to constructional details, configuration and additional features of a handling device, e.g. Conveyors
  • B65G2207/10—Antistatic features
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
  • B65G2207/00—Indexing codes relating to constructional details, configuration and additional features of a handling device, e.g. Conveyors
  • B65G2207/22—Heat or fire protection
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
  • B65G27/00—Jigging conveyors
  • B65G27/10—Applications of devices for generating or transmitting jigging movements
  • B65G27/16—Applications of devices for generating or transmitting jigging movements of vibrators, i.e. devices for producing movements of high frequency and small amplitude
  • B65G27/24—Electromagnetic devices
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
  • B65G27/00—Jigging conveyors
  • B65G27/10—Applications of devices for generating or transmitting jigging movements
  • B65G27/16—Applications of devices for generating or transmitting jigging movements of vibrators, i.e. devices for producing movements of high frequency and small amplitude
  • B65G27/26—Applications of devices for generating or transmitting jigging movements of vibrators, i.e. devices for producing movements of high frequency and small amplitude with elastic coupling between vibrator and load carrier

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for controlling the vibratory motion of a vibratory conveyor according to the preamble of claim 1 and a vibratory conveyor according to the preamble of claim 6.
• Such vibratory conveyors are used in many industries, for all sorts of materials, as far as they are even conveyed by a vibrating conveyor.
• the pourable materials are discharged onto a conveyor element, usually a conveyor trough, which then performs a cyclic forward / upward movement with a corresponding return - the vibration - whereby the individual particles of the material in a throw angle forward and at the same time slightly thrown up.
• the conveying element carries out the return flow before the falling-back particles rest on it, so that with the next forward / upward movement the particles can be conveyed one step further.
• Vibration conveyors have correspondingly a vibrating support arrangement for the resting on her, for example, depending on the material or other criteria designed, replaceable conveyor element, wherein the support assembly is offset by a drive unit in the desired vibration.
• the vibration movement also vibrates the drive unit of the vibration conveyor (reaction forces), which is allowed by the storage of the drive unit on the ground, otherwise generated considerable noise and adjacent machines or facilities can be disturbed.
• the vibration conveyor usually has a magnetically acting vibration drive with coils, often also an electromagnetic see path detector for the vibrating conveyor element to control the flow rate or of the vibratory conveyor flowing through its conveyor mass flow rh, explosion protection and electromagnetic compatibility are also in the construction of the vibratory conveyor itself a subject not to be underestimated.
• a vibratory conveyor is operated according to the characterizing features of claim 1, wherein a vibration conveyor designed according to the invention has the characterizing features of claim 6.
• the control can be made with a simple, not relevant in terms of the explosion protector and the electromagnetic compatibility sensor.
• the acceleration sensor on the carrier assembly i. is arranged on the vibratory conveyor itself, the explosion protection and the electromagnetic compatibility can be ensured locally on the vibratory conveyor itself with little effort.
• a comparatively complicated and expensive sensor for the vibratory movement of the carrier arrangement is eliminated.
• the detection of the acceleration of the carrier arrangement results in an improved, particularly precise regulation of the mass flow rh.
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a preferred embodiment of a vibration conveyor according to the invention
• FIG. 3 is a flowchart for a first control cycle according to the present invention
• FIG. 1 shows schematically and by way of example a vibratory conveyor 1 according to the prior art, which is mounted on the substrate 2 via a bearing assembly, here elastic feet or supports 3a, 3b. Visible are a drive unit 4 for a support assembly 5, on which in turn a here designed as a conveyor trough 6 conveyor element is arranged, which via a filling channel 7 at its rear end 8a with bulk material 9 (eg cereals, pharmaceutical products, plastic granules and powder of all kinds or metallic materials of all kinds, etc.) is loaded.
• bulk material 9 eg cereals, pharmaceutical products, plastic granules and powder of all kinds or metallic materials of all kinds, etc.
• the drive unit 4 has a vibration drive 10, which is formed in the embodiment shown as an alternating current-carrying coil, which forms a periodic magnetic field during operation and thus acts on a magnet 11, which in turn is arranged on a leaf spring 12a.
• the leaf springs 12a and 12b form drive levers for the carrier assembly 5, are slightly inclined with respect to the throw angle and are set by the vibratory drive 10 in the direction indicated by the double arrows 13a, b vibrating movement, so that the carrier assembly 5 by their cyclic parallel displacement against a Base plate 13 of the drive unit 4 performs a vibration vibration, which generates the mass flow m of the conveyed or Schütttguts 9 in the conveying direction 14.
• the sensor 16 has a fixed to the drive unit 4 coil assembly 17, in the opening of an Magnetic rod 18 provided in the carrier assembly 5 projects, whereby, during operation of the vibration conveyor 1, the vibration of the magnetic rod 18 in the coil assembly 17 induces a voltage from which the path or current location of the carrier assembly 5 can be calculated in a known manner.
• Via a line 19 detected in the sensor 16 displacement of the carrier assembly 5 is transmitted to a arranged on the substrate 2 control 20, which supplies the vibratory drive 10 with alternating current via a feed line 21 such that the current vibration of the carrier assembly 5 as possible in the range of the respective conveying process individual setpoints.
• the vibration drive 10, the sensor 16 and the lines 19, 20 are explosion-proof and encapsulated electromagnetically compatible or shielded and provided the controller 20 at the location of the line control.
• the carrier assembly 4 If the carrier assembly 4 is not fixed rigidly to the ground 2 (which, as mentioned above, is the rule) it also vibrates due to the reaction forces of the driven carrier assembly 5 and opposite to this. Thus, the sensor 16 only detects the relative displacement between the drive unit 4 and the carrier arrangement 5, but not the mass displacement m decisive shift relative to the substrate 2. Thus, an estimated correction factor for the detected during operation vibration vibration of the carrier assembly 5 must be used whereby the control of the mass flow m can only be approximated, even if the mass m A of the drive unit 4 is kept large, for example by a weight compared to that of the carrier assembly 5, so that the amplitude of the (counter) oscillation of the drive unit 4 fails comparatively small.
• the structure described above with reference to FIG. 1 is known in principle to a person skilled in the art, as are modifications thereof.
• FIG. 1 shows a vibratory conveyor 1 with a drive unit 4 having a vibration drive 10, a carrier arrangement 5 having a conveyor element 6 for material 9 to be conveyed and with an external controller 20 for the vibratory drive 10.
• FIG. 2 schematically shows a vibratory conveyor 25 according to the invention, to the vibration drive 10 of which the controller 26 for the vibratory conveyor 25 is mounted, the controller 26 being equipped with an acceleration sensor 27. Also shown is an enclosure 28 for explosion protection and electromagnetic compatibility, which encloses the vibration drive 10, the controller 26 and the acceleration sensor 27.
• the vibration drive 10 is provided with a feed line 29 to an external voltage source, not shown for relieving the figure.
• the acceleration sensor 27 is fixedly arranged on the control 26, which in turn is firmly fixed to the vibration drive 10, which in turn is rigidly connected to the base plate 13 (or simply to the drive unit 4).
• the vibratory drive 10 generates a drive vibration (with the drive frequency) of the carrier assembly 5.
• the magnet 11 is arranged directly on the carrier assembly 5 via a schematically illustrated holder 11 ', wherein still the relative movement between the Carrier assembly 5 and the drive unit 6 by the resilient leaf springs 12a, 12b is determined.
• the carrier arrangement 5 thus carries out the vibration vibration with an amplitude A T of the vibration movement which generates the mass flow m.
• the reaction forces of the carrier assembly 5 due to the vibration vibration in turn generate the vibration of the drive unit 4, ie the vibration which the drive unit 4 executes due to the reaction forces acting on it.
• the vibration of the drive unit 4 has the same frequency as the vibration vibration, but a different amplitude A A.
• the acceleration sensor 27 now detects the oscillation of the drive arrangement 4 and sends the controller 26 in operation preferably continuously a corresponding (current) acceleration signal. This is processed by the controller 26 for real-time control of the vibratory drive 10, ie the controller 26 generates a manipulated variable S for the vibration drive 10, wherein the controller 26 is further configured to control the vibratory drive 10 by the manipulated variable S such that the carrier arrangement 6 oscillates or vibrates at its resonant frequency f res .
• an acceleration sensor 27 is arranged on the drive unit 5, this detecting the current acceleration of the drive unit 4 during operation of the vibratory conveyor 25, and the controller 26 is configured with a current acceleration signal of the acceleration sensor 27 a manipulated variable S for the vibration drive 10 to generate, such that the carrier assembly 5 substantially vibrates in their esonanzfreq uenz f res .
• the drive unit 4 has spring-elastic drive levers for the carrier arrangement 5, which store these on the drive unit 4.
• the drive levers are designed as leaf springs 12a, 12b.
• the controller 26 is arranged on the drive unit 4 and the acceleration sensor 27 is on the controller 26, an advantageously compact arrangement is produced which can be arranged at a suitable location on the drive unit 4. particularly preferably in the encapsulation 28 for the vibration drive 10 (or its coil), in which case very particularly preferably the encapsulation 28 acts explosion-suppressing and is shielded for electromagnetic compatibility. Supporting acts that can be operated with a supply voltage of 48 V and a current of less than 1 A due to the inventively designed controller 26, on which the acceleration sensor 27 is arranged, the vibratory conveyor.
• a vibration drive is provided on more than one drive lever.
• the vibratory drives act differently, e.g. only in one, then opposite direction. With such arrangements, a delivery rate of up to about 5000 kg / h can be achieved, with a power consumption of 48 watts.
• FIG. 3 shows the sequence of a first control cycle of the controller 26 in accordance with the invention by the vibratory drive 10 to operate the loaded carrier arrangement 5, ie with its filled conveyor trough 6, in the region of its resonant frequency f res .
• the energy consumption of the vibrating arrangement 10 is minimal, ie the efficiency of the vibrating conveyor 25 is greatest.
• the resonant frequency f res of the carrier arrangement 5 depends inter alia on its current mass m is T , ie the conveying element selected during operation for the specific conveying task (formation of the conveyor line 6) and their present during the promotion at a time filling of bulk material 9, since the filling during delivery for various reasons does not remain reliable stable, but can constantly change something.
• the first control cycle starts with step 40, in which case the vibration conveyor is switched on or switched in its operation into an operating mode in the region of the resonance frequency.
• the controller 26 loads from a memory associated therewith a predetermined value for a drive frequency of the vibration drive 10, here a starting frequency f start , which is chosen such that the resulting vibration oscillation of the carrier arrangement 5 is as close as possible to its resonance frequency f res . Accordingly, the controller 26 sets an AC voltage on the vibratory drive 10 with the Startfreq UenZ fstart 3 ⁇ . (Of course, the start frequency f start is also a current frequency f is the AC voltage applied to the vibration drive 10).
• the person skilled in the art can program the start frequency f start, for example, based on an assumed average mass of the carrier arrangement 5 (the mass of the drive unit 4 is known); alternatively, this can also be input by the operator before the start, for example as a function of the currently used conveyor chute 6 ( Figure 2).
• step 42 the controller 26 determines the current oscillation of the drive unit 4 from the acceleration signal of the acceleration sensor 27.
• step 43 the controller 26 compares the phase ⁇ driving the current vibration of the drive unit 4 with the phase ⁇ voltage of the AC voltage applied to the vibratory drive 10. If the current oscillation of the drive arrangement 4 and the current AC voltage are not in phase, the carrier arrangement 5 is operated outside its resonant frequency (see the description below), whereupon it is determined in step 44 whether the AC voltage leads the oscillation of the drive unit (cp drive > ⁇ voltage) or follows (cp drive ⁇
• step 45 the current drive frequency, ie here the frequency of the alternating voltage f applied to the vibration drive 10 is reduced by one step (see the description below).
• the step size is determined by a person skilled in the concrete case, and depends inter alia on the controller model used Vibratory conveyor off. But it can also be optionally entered by the operator.
• step 46 the current drive frequency, ie here the frequency of the voltage applied to the vibratory drive 10 f is increased by one step.
• the step size is in turn determined by the expert in the specific case, but can also be optionally entered by the operator.
• the frequency changed according to steps 45, 46 is a new, current drive frequency f ist , so that after the return to step 42, the correspondingly new, current oscillation of the drive unit 4 can be determined from the acceleration signal of the acceleration sensor.
• a phase shift ⁇ between ⁇ drive - ⁇ voltage is always iteratively reduced during operation of the vibratory conveyor 25 until, in step 43, the jump goes to step 47, after which the first control cycle continues or aborts (stop in step 48).
• the above-described procedure is based on the model that the vibratory drive 10 generates a harmonic vibration vibration of the carrier assembly 5 by a harmonic alternating voltage applied thereto, the AC voltage leading the AC current induced in the coil of the vibratory drive 10 by 90 °.
• the magnetic field generated by the alternating current stimulates the vibration vibration of the carrier assembly 5, whereby for a resonance excitation of the carrier assembly 5, the alternating current of the vibration vibration must precede by 90 °, or, in the case of AC voltage, this by a total of 180 °.
• the drive unit 4 Since the drive unit 4 oscillates in the push-pull, ie shifted by 180 ° to the support assembly 5, and the phase comparison described above with the vibration of the drive unit 4 is made (the acceleration sensor is arranged on this), in the assumed, harmonic oscillating two - mass system ( Drive unit 4 and carrier assembly 5), the AC voltage and the vibration of the drive unit are in phase to stimulate the carrier assembly in resonance.
• the vibration drive 10 constitutes an oscillator which, via the spring-elastic drive levers, drives the resonator formed as a carrier arrangement 5 in a harmonious manner. If the drive unit 4 now oscillates, and its phase Shift ⁇ taken into account, their vibration can be used instead of the vibration of the carrier assembly 5 for the regulation of the resonant frequency f res .
• a harmonic AC voltage is not applied to the vibration drive 10, but one of the skilled person according to the concrete design of the vibratory conveyor certain, arbitrary (but periodic), for example, composed of rectangular voltage pulses voltage form, which has a corresponding , periodic current induced in the coil.
• the phase shift ⁇ ⁇ between ⁇ drive - ⁇ voltage, which is necessary for resonant excitation of the carrier arrangement 5, can no longer be specified in general, but must be determined correspondingly to the voltage form.
• the first control cycle makes it possible to quickly reach the region of the resonance - vibration vibration after the start of the vibration conveyor 25 or to reach it again in the event of a drift or a change in the conveying speed.
• a method results in which from the continuously detected acceleration of the drive unit 5 a manipulated variable S for the vibration drive (the frequency of the AC voltage in the above-described embodiment) is generated, that the carrier assembly 5 of the vibrating conveyor 25 swings closer to its resonance frequency f res (that is, f after each change of the current frequency - here the AC voltage - according to the steps 45 and 46 of Figure 2) or, for example, after a drift back against this is returned.
• a manipulated variable S for the vibration drive the frequency of the AC voltage in the above-described embodiment
• the vibration of the drive unit is preferably determined from the detected acceleration, and a drive frequency of the vibration drive is thus determined for a long time Resonant frequency of the carrier assembly is changed out until a drive vibration of the vibration drive and a vibration vibration of the carrier assembly have a phase shift, which leads to a resonance excitation of the carrier assembly.
• vibration vibration can also be generated mechanically, for example by an eccentric.
• eccentric speed corresponds to the drive frequency.
• FIG. 4 shows the sequence for a second control cycle according to the present invention, in accordance with the invention to regulate an absolute amplitude A abs T of the carrier arrangement 5, ie its displacement relative to the substrate 2 and not only with respect to the drive unit 4.
• the term “A” stands for the drive unit 4, "T” for the carrier arrangement 5, “abs” for the absolute value of an amplitude (ie with respect to the ground 2 and not relative to a component of the vibrating conveyor itself), “ is “for a current value during operation of the vibration conveyor and” res “for the resonance.
• the second control cycle starts with step 50 to control the amplitude A abs ; s initiate.
• the current mass m is T of the carrier assembly 5 is calculated. This changes, as mentioned above, depending on the conveyor element used or the conveyor trough 6 used and the currently located in the conveyor trough 6 bulk material 9 ( Figure 2).
• step 51 the current resonance frequency f res i st of the carrier assembly 5 is retrieved, which is known due to the execution of the first control cycle and stored in a suitable memory of the controller 26 ( Figure 2) (and of the current mass m T is dependent) ,
• step 52 the mass m is T of the carrier assembly 5 is then calculated, for example according to the formula Where
• m A is the known mass of the drive unit 4,
• c denotes the known spring constant of the drive levers or leaf springs 12a, 12b.
• step 53 the current absolute amplitude A abs is T of the vibration vibration of the carrier assembly 5, for example, by the formula
• a abs is T ⁇ calculated, wherein the current absolute amplitude A abs can be obtained from the double integration of the acceleration of the drive unit 4.
• the desired value A abs so n T is stored in a suitable memory of the controller 26 ( Figure 2) and can be entered into this by an operator or by a line control.
• step 55 a correction takes place in that the controller 26 (FIG. 2) controls the vibration drive 10, for example the amplitude of the peroidic voltage applied to its coil Voltage form gradually increased or decreased, according to which the amplitude A abs is to be increased or decreased.
• the step size is in turn determined by the person skilled in the specific case and can alternatively be entered by an operator in a memory of the controller 26 ( Figure 2).
• the filling of the conveyor trough 6 can change, preferably after step 55, a return to step 51 for recalculation of the mass m s u the carrier assembly 5. Since the recalculation in the order shown above, the resonant frequency of the carrier assembly 5 touches down, which in turn by a change in filling of the conveying chute 6 ( Figure 2) is changed, the controller 26 must for performing the step 51, the instantaneous resonant frequency f res is retrieve from the first control cycle.
• the vibration drive 10 is particularly preferably regulated in such a way that a current amplitude A abs T of the vibratory motion of the carrier arrangement 5 is in the range of a predetermined value for A or is returned to it.
• the controller 26 is preferably designed further to generate with the acceleration signal of the drive unit 4 a manipulated variable for the vibration drive 10, such that the current amplitude of the carrier arrangement 5 is in the range of a predetermined value or is returned to this.
• the controller 26 is further formed from the resonant frequency f res of the carrier assembly 5 and the spring constant c of resiliently trained, the carrier assembly 5 overlapping drive levers, the current mass m is the carrier assembly 5 and with this the current absolute amplitude A abs is ⁇ to determine the vibratory motion and then generate a manipulated variable for the vibratory drive 10, such that the amplitude Aabs T is in the range of a predetermined value or is returned to this.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Jigging Conveyors (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=57288088

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

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Family Cites Families (65)

• 2016
  • 2016-10-14 CH CH01376/16A patent/CH713047A1/de unknown
• 2017
  • 2017-10-09 EP EP17794783.5A patent/EP3526145A1/de active Pending
  • 2017-10-09 CN CN201780063686.0A patent/CN110088016B/zh active Active
  • 2017-10-09 US US16/348,817 patent/US11820602B2/en active Active
  • 2017-10-09 WO PCT/IB2017/056229 patent/WO2018069819A1/de unknown
  • 2017-10-09 JP JP2019520130A patent/JP7101172B2/ja active Active

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